THE KATIPUNAN

SHAIRA M. RAMIREZ

The Katipunan is Born Andres Bonifacio, also a member of La Liga

Filipina, although he soon lost hope in gaining reforms though peaceful means.

This feeling was especially heightened when Jose Rizal was exiled to Dapitan.

Bonifacio became convinced that the only way the Philippines could gain independence was through a revolution.

Bonifacio then founded the “Katastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipuanan ng mga Anak ng Bayan” (KKK) on July 7, 1892 in a house on Azcarraga street (now Claro M. Recto), in Tondo Manila

KATIPUNAN Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng

mga Anak ng Bayan (The Highest and Most Respectable Society of the Sons of the People)

revolutionary society of Filipino nationalists, established in 1892 to struggle for independence for the Philippines from Spanish colonial rule

advocated revolution rather than reform,

Believed that use of force would be the ultimate way to achieve freedom

MEMBERSHIP The members agreed to recruit more people using

the “triangle system” of enlistment. Each original member would recruit tow new members who were not related to each other. Each new member would do the same thing, and so on down the line.

Members were also asked to contribute one Real (about 25 centavos) each month in order to raise funds for the association.

As a symbol of the member’s loyalty, they performed the solemn rite of sanduguan (blood compact), wherein each one signed his name with his own blood..

Objectives The political goal was to completely separate

the Philippines from Spain after declaring the country’s independence.

The moral goal was to teach the Filipinos good manners, cleanliness, hygiene, fine morals, and how to guard themselves against religious fanaticism.

The civic goal was to encourage Filipinos to help themselves and to defend the poor oppressed.

STRUCTURE The “Kataastaasang Sanggunian” (supreme

council) was the highest governing body of the Katipunan. It was headed by a supremo, or president.

Each province had a “Sangguaniang Bayan” (Provincial Council) and

each town had a “Sangguniang Balangay”

(Popular Council).

Leaders▪Deodato Arellano –Supremo Ladislao Diwa –Fiscal Teodora Plata –Secretary Valentine Diaz –treasurer

Andres Bonifacio –controller; was elected Supremo in January 1895

Andres Bonifacio

Born on November 30, 1863 in Tondo from the urban working classself-educated man, kept up by reading books

• Founder and leader of the Katipunan

• Radical against Spain

• Supposed “First” President, but not recognized

EMILIO JACINTO

Born on December 15, 1875 in Trozo, Manila from a poor familyPoverty did not prevent him from going to college and earning a degree.Joined the Katipunan at the age of 18Appointed as Bonifacio’s right handmanHe was called the “Brains of the Katipunan”He wrote the KARTILLA (primer of the Katipunan)Founder and editor of KALAYAAN ( the newspaper of the Katipunan)

Jose Rizal and the Katipunan• Jose Rizal never became involved in the organization

and activities of the Katipunan; but the Katipuneros still looked up to him as a leader. In fact, Rizal’s name was used as a password among the society’s highest-ranking members, who were called bayani.

•

Andres Bonifacio had already known Rizal during his La Liga Filipina days, although Rizal did not know Bonifacio personally Nevertheless, Bonifacio so respected Rizal’s intelligence and talent that in June 1896, he sent Dr. Pio Valenzuela to Dapitan to seek Rizal’s advice on the planned revolution.

• Rizal told Valenzuela that the timing was not right for a revolution. The people were not yet ready and they did not have enough weapons. He suggested that the Katipunan obtain the support of wealthy and influential Filipinos first, in order to gain financial assistance. He also recommended Antonio Luna as commander of its armed forces, since Luna had much knowledge and expertise in military tactics.

• Valenzuela returned to Manila on June 26 and relayed Rizal’s advice to Bonifacio, who admitted that it would indeed be fatal for the Filipinos to fight without enough weapons. However, there was no stopping the Revolution. Bonifacio ordered his men to prepare for battle. He directed them to store enough food and other supplies. Battle plans were made with the help of Emilio Jacinto. It was suggested that the revolutionary headquarters be located near the seas or mountains to provide for an easy retreat, if necessary.

The Katipunan is Discovered• Rumors about a secret revolutionary society

had long been in circulation, although no solid evidence could be found to support them. The big break as far as the Spanish authorities was concerned, came on August 19, 1896 when a KKK member, Teodoro Patiño told his sister Honoria about the existence of the Katipunan. Patiño was a worker in the printing press of Diario de Manila. Honoria was then living with nuns in a Mandaluyong orphanage.

3 Basic Aims : To achieve freedom from Spain

To teach good values in thoughts and in deeds on its members; and set aside blind obedience and belief in superstitions

For its members to defend the weak and oppressed

The Katipuneros Deodato Arellano- First elected president

Roman Basa- Replaced Deodato Arellano

Andres Bonifacio- Supremo or leader of the Katipunan in 1895

ANDRES BONIFACIO

Born on November 30, 1863 in Tondoself-educated man of the urban working class,

Katipunan

• Founded in 1892

• Initiated by Andres Bonifacio, Teodora Plata, Ladislao Diwa

• Kattas taasang kagalang galangang katipunan ng mga

anak ng Bayan

• Discovered by Spanish 1896

• Supported Radical ideas

• Cued Bonifacio to start revolution

Katipunan structure3 branches Kataas-taasang

sanggunian: President, the fiscal, the

secretary, the treasurer, and a comptroller

Sang-gunian Bayan/Provincial Council

Katipunan membership

The women of the katipunan

Gregoria de jesus Mariana Dizon

Simeona de Remigio Josefa and Trinidad Rizal

Angelica Lopez Delfina Herbosa

Macaria Pangilinan

Discovery of the KatipunanSpanish officials discovered, through an

informant parish priest, the existence of the Katipunan in August 1896. Bonifacio, realizing the Katipunan could no longer hide its activity, proclaimed the beginning of the revolution. Katipunan members first attacked Spanish military installations, and then the insurrection spread throughout the provinces of central Luzon.Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2008. © 1993-2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.