Download pdf - Proiect PCMAI anul 2 MAC.xlsx

8/14/2019 Proiect PCMAI anul 2 MAC.xlsx

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1) Date de proiectare :

Pn = 56 kWn = 4200 rot/min

i = 4 cilindri

2) Alegerea parametrilor initiali :

a) temperatura initiala To = 293 K

b) presiunea initiala po = 1.02 *10^5 N/m2 102000

c) temperatura gazelor reziduale Tr = 900 K

d) presiunea gazelor reziduale pr = 1.1 *10^5 N/m2 110000

e) coeficientul de exces de aer = 1.25

f) raportul de comprimare = 20

3) Parametrii procesului de schimbare de gaze

Se adopta urmatoarele marimi din tabelul 4:

a) presiunea la sfarsitul admisiei pa = 0.9 *10^5 N/m2 90000

b) preincalzirea amestecului T =15

c) coeficientul de post umplere p =1.14

Se calculeaza coeficientul gazelor reziduale:

r = 0.0192

Temperatura la sfarsitul admisie va fi:

Ta = 319.15228 K

Coeficientul de umplere:

= 0.9537484

Valorile calculate se vor compara cu cele di tabelele 6 si 3.

Calculul Termic al unui motor cu aprindere prin comprimare


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4) Parametri procesului de comprimare

Se adopta coeficientul politropic de comprimare valoarea

n1 = 1.4

10Presiunea la sfarsitul comprimarii :

pc = 5.966017 *10^6 N/m2 5966017.231

Temperatura la sfarsitul comprimarii:

Tc = 1057.816 K

5) Parametrii procesului de ardere

Conform cu tabelul 7 se adopta urmatoarea compozitie a motorinei:

c = 0.875 kg

h = 0.133 kg

o = 0.01 kg

Puterea calorica inferioara Qinf = 41868 kJ/kg

Se mai adopta din tabelul 4 si 5 :

a) coeficientul de utilizare a caldurii = 0.9

b) coeficientul de crestere a presiunii = 1.3

Cantitatea minima de aer necesara arderii:

Lmin = 0.5040675

Cantitatea reala de aer necesara arderii:

L = 0.6300843

Coeficientul teoretic de variatie molara a incarcaturi proaspete:

o = 1.0532667

Coeficientul real de variatie molara a incarcaturii proaspete:

f = 1.0522632

Caldura specifica molara medie a amestecului initial:

kmolaer/kgcomb

kmolaer/kgcomb


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C' = 38.40599 kJ/kmol*K

Caldura specifica molara medie a gazelor de ardere pentru >1:

C'' = 27.36 + 0.002654 *Tz

Temperatura la sfarsitul arderii:

Rm = 8.314

Coeficietii ecuatiei:

a = 0.0027927

b = 37.538438

c = -110736.4

ec = 2646.1511

x1 =Tz 2489.0396 K

x2 = -15930.64

Presiunea la sfarsitul arderii:

pz=pz' 77.558224 *10^5 N/m2 7755822.401

Valorile calculate se compara cu cele din tabelul 4 si 5.

Gradul de destindere prealabila:

= 1.9045961

6) Destinderea

Se adopta coeficientul politropic al destinderii n2

n2 = 1.18

Gradul de destindere:

= 10.500914

Presiunea la sfarsitul destinderii:

pb = 4.8370423 *10^5 N/m2 483704.2264

Temperatura la sfarsitul destinderii


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Tb = 1630.0875 K

7) Parametrii principali ai motorului

Se adopta urmatoarele valori:

a) coeficientul de rotunjire a diagramei r = 0.98b) randamentl mecanic c 0.82 (tab. 9)

Presiunea medie a ciclului teoretic:

p'i = 13.116306 *10^5 N/m2 1311630.634

Presiunea medie indicata:

pi = 12.85398 *10^5 N/m2 1285398.022

Randamentul indicat al motorului:

i = 0.4843928

Presiunea medie efectiva:

pe = 10.540264 *10^5 N/m2 1054026.378

Randamentul efectiv al motorului:

e = 0.3972021

Valorile calculate se compara cu cele din tabelele 5, 6, si 9.

Consumul specificefectiv de combustibil:

ge = 0.2164755 kg/kW*h

8) Dimensiuni fundamentale ale motorului

Se adopta raportul cursa - alezaj (tab. 9)

=S/D= 1.1

Capacitatea cilindrica necesara:

Vh = 0.3794971 l

Vh = 379.49714 cm^3

Alezajul si cursa

D = 0.7602949 dm = 76.0294864 mm


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S = 83.632435 mm

Se adopta:

S = 84 mm = 0.084 mD = 76 mm 0.076 m

Viteza medie a pistonului:

Wm = 11.708541 m/s

Cilindreea totala a motorului:

Vt = 1.5179886 l

Puterea litrica a motorului:

Pl = 36.890923 kW/l

9) Diagrama indicata

Volumul la sfarsitul cursei de admisie

Va= 0.3994707 dm3

Volumul la sfarsitul compresiei

Vc= 0.0199735

Vc=Vz 0.0199735

X Vx px

[RAC] [m] [l] [N/m2]105

0 0 0.0199735 1.110 1.423353 0.0264323 0.9

20 5.579057 0.0452895 0.9

30 12.13609 0.0750432 0.9

40 20.58155 0.113366 0.9

50 30.274 0.1573472 0.9

60 40.50946 0.2037925 0.9

70 50.59213 0.2495444 0.9

1n

x

aax

V

Vpp

2n

x

zzx

V

Vpp

)2cos1(

4)cos1(

2

SX


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80 59.90197 0.2917895 0.9

90 67.95135 0.328315 0.9

100 74.42459 0.3576884 0.9

110 79.19611 0.3793401 0.9

120 82.32568 0.393541 0.9

130 84.03189 0.4012833 0.9

140 84.64771 0.4040777 0.9150 84.56391 0.4036974 0.9

160 84.16784 0.4019002 0.9

170 83.78522 0.400164 0.9

180 83.63244 0.3994707 0.9

190 83.78522 0.400164 0.897818

200 84.16784 0.4019002 0.892393

210 84.56391 0.4036974 0.886835

220 84.64771 0.4040777 0.885667

230 84.03189 0.4012833 0.894314

240 82.32568 0.393541 0.919042

250 79.19611 0.3793401 0.967567

260 74.42459 0.3576884 1.050545270 67.95135 0.328315 1.184444

280 59.90197 0.2917895 1.397089

290 50.59213 0.2495444 1.739059

300 40.50946 0.2037925 2.309181

310 30.274 0.1573472 3.316795

320 20.58155 0.113366 5.248625

325 16.16057 0.093305 6.89373

330 12.13609 0.0750432 9.351584

340 5.579057 0.0452895 18.96378

350 1.423353 0.0264323 40.30264

360 0 0.0199735 59.66017

370 1.423353 0.0264323 77.55822380 5.579057 0.0452895 29.51804

390 12.13609 0.0750432 16.26661

400 20.58155 0.113366 9.997123

410 30.274 0.1573472 6.790018

420 40.50946 0.2037925 5.004062

430 50.59213 0.2495444 3.940308

440 59.90197 0.2917895 3.276291

450 67.95135 0.328315 2.850635

460 74.42459 0.3576884 2.576492

470 79.19611 0.3793401 2.403869

480 82.32568 0.393541 2.301847

490 84.03189 0.4012833 2.249533500 84.64771 0.4040777 2.231188

510 84.56391 0.4036974 2.233668

520 84.16784 0.4019002 2.245459

530 83.78522 0.400164 2.25696

540 83.63244 0.3994707 1.1

550 83.78522 0.400164 1.1

560 84.16784 0.4019002 1.1


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570 84.56391 0.4036974 1.1

580 84.64771 0.4040777 1.1

590 84.03189 0.4012833 1.1

600 82.32568 0.393541 1.1

610 79.19611 0.3793401 1.1

620 74.42459 0.3576884 1.1

630 67.95135 0.328315 1.1

640 59.90197 0.2917895 1.1

650 50.59213 0.2495444 1.1

660 40.50946 0.2037925 1.1

670 30.274 0.1573472 1.1

680 20.58155 0.113366 1.1

690 12.13609 0.0750432 1.1

700 5.579057 0.0452895 1.1

710 1.423353 0.0264323 1.1

720 0 0.0199735 1.1

Se adopta marimile pentru corectarea diagrameia= 35 grade RAC 0.610555556

unghiul de avans la aprindere ev= 40 grade RAC 0.697777778

unghiul de avans la deschiderea evacuarii B=1/3.6 0.278 tabelul 6

raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei

Poziia punctului c se determin de cursa pistonului XS corespunztoare unghiului de avans la aprindere

Xs= 9.4639718 mm

Poziia punctului c este determinat de presiunea n acest punct

715922.0677 N/m2

pc''= 7.1592207 *10^5N/m2

Poziia punctului b este determinat cursa pistonului Xev corespunzatoare unghiului de avans la deschiderea evacurii

xev=Xb' 7.3760032 mm

Xa= 6.4901456 mm

Poziia punctului a este determinat de presiunea in punctul a:


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286852.1132 N/m2

pa'= 2.8685211 *10^5N/m2


9/45

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

P

[N/m2]10^5

Diagrama Indicata

px


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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720

px[N/m2]105

0 RAC

Presiunea in cilindru

px [N


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Cinematica mecanismului biela-manivela

n= 4200 rot/min

S= 84 mm 0.084 m

unghiul de rotatie al manivelei D= 76 mm 0.076 m

unghiul de inclinare al axei bielei viteza unghiulara de rotatie a arborelui cotit

S cursa pistonului

R raza manivelei

L lungimea bielei

raportul dintre raza manivelei si lungimea bielei

= 439.823 rad/sec

max= 15 grd max= 12180

=1/3.6= 0.278 = 1/3.21/3.8

R=S/2= 41.81622 mm 0.04182 m

L=R/= 150.5384 mm 0.15054 m

Ap- aria pistonului

Ap= 0.00454 m2

xp vp aI aII ap

[RAC] [m] [m/s] [m/s2] [m/s2] [m/s2]

0 0 0.00 8089.11 2246.97 10336

10 0.0014234 4.07 7966.21 2111.46 10078

20 0.0055791 7.93 7601.27 1721.28 9322.6

30 0.0121361 11.41 7005.37 1123.49 8128.9

40 0.0205815 14.34 6196.62 390.18 6586.8

50 0.030274 16.60 5199.58 -390.18 4809.4

60 0.0405095 18.14 4044.55 -1123.49 2921.1

70 0.0505921 18.92 2766.64 -1721.28 1045.4

80 0.059902 18.99 1404.66 -2111.46 -706.8


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90 0.0679514 18.39 0.00 -2246.97 -2247

100 0.0744246 17.24 -1404.66 -2111.46 -3516

110 0.0791961 15.64 -2766.64 -1721.28 -4488

120 0.0823257 13.72 -4044.55 -1123.49 -5168

130 0.0840319 11.57 -5199.58 -390.18 -5590

140 0.0846477 9.31 -6196.62 390.18 -5806150 0.0845639 6.98 -7005.37 1123.49 -5882

160 0.0841678 4.65 -7601.27 1721.28 -5880

170 0.0837852 2.32 -7966.21 2111.46 -5855

180 0.0836324 0.00 -8089.11 2246.97 -5842

190 0.0837852 -2.32 -7966.21 2111.46 -5855

200 0.0841678 -4.65 -7601.27 1721.28 -5880

210 0.0845639 -6.98 -7005.37 1123.49 -5882

220 0.0846477 -9.31 -6196.62 390.18 -5806

230 0.0840319 -11.57 -5199.58 -390.18 -5590

240 0.0823257 -13.72 -4044.55 -1123.49 -5168

250 0.0791961 -15.64 -2766.64 -1721.28 -4488

260 0.0744246 -17.24 -1404.66 -2111.46 -3516

270 0.0679514 -18.39 0.00 -2246.97 -2247

280 0.059902 -18.99 1404.66 -2111.46 -706.8

290 0.0505921 -18.92 2766.64 -1721.28 1045.4

300 0.0405095 -18.14 4044.55 -1123.49 2921.1

310 0.030274 -16.60 5199.58 -390.18 4809.4

320 0.0205815 -14.34 6196.62 390.18 6586.8

330 0.0121361 -11.41 7005.37 1123.49 8128.9

340 0.0055791 -7.93 7601.27 1721.28 9322.6

350 0.0014234 -4.07 7966.21 2111.46 10078

360 0 0.00 8089.11 2246.97 10336

370 0.0014234 4.07 7966.21 2111.46 10078

380 0.0055791 7.93 7601.27 1721.28 9322.6

390 0.0121361 11.41 7005.37 1123.49 8128.9

400 0.0205815 14.34 6196.62 390.18 6586.8

410 0.030274 16.60 5199.58 -390.18 4809.4

420 0.0405095 18.14 4044.55 -1123.49 2921.1

430 0.0505921 18.92 2766.64 -1721.28 1045.4

440 0.059902 18.99 1404.66 -2111.46 -706.8

450 0.0679514 18.39 0.00 -2246.97 -2247

460 0.0744246 17.24 -1404.66 -2111.46 -3516

470 0.0791961 15.64 -2766.64 -1721.28 -4488

480 0.0823257 13.72 -4044.55 -1123.49 -5168

490 0.0840319 11.57 -5199.58 -390.18 -5590

500 0.0846477 9.31 -6196.62 390.18 -5806

510 0.0845639 6.98 -7005.37 1123.49 -5882

520 0.0841678 4.65 -7601.27 1721.28 -5880

530 0.0837852 2.32 -7966.21 2111.46 -5855

540 0.0836324 0.00 -8089.11 2246.97 -5842


13/45

550 0.0837852 -2.32 -7966.21 2111.46 -5855

560 0.0841678 -4.65 -7601.27 1721.28 -5880

570 0.0845639 -6.98 -7005.37 1123.49 -5882

580 0.0846477 -9.31 -6196.62 390.18 -5806

590 0.0840319 -11.57 -5199.58 -390.18 -5590

600 0.0823257 -13.72 -4044.55 -1123.49 -5168610 0.0791961 -15.64 -2766.64 -1721.28 -4488

620 0.0744246 -17.24 -1404.66 -2111.46 -3516

630 0.0679514 -18.39 0.00 -2246.97 -2247

640 0.059902 -18.99 1404.66 -2111.46 -706.8

650 0.0505921 -18.92 2766.64 -1721.28 1045.4

660 0.0405095 -18.14 4044.55 -1123.49 2921.1

670 0.030274 -16.60 5199.58 -390.18 4809.4

680 0.0205815 -14.34 6196.62 390.18 6586.8

690 0.0121361 -11.41 7005.37 1123.49 8128.9

700 0.0055791 -7.93 7601.27 1721.28 9322.6

710 0.0014234 -4.07 7966.21 2111.46 10078

720 0 0.00 8089.11 2246.97 10336


14/45

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660

xp [m]

0 RAC

Deplasarea pistonului, xp


15/45

-25.00

-20.00

-15.00

-10.00

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 72vp[m/s]

0 RAC

Viteza pistonului, vp vp


16/45

-10000

-5000

0

5000

10000

15000

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720

aI, aII, ap

0 RAC

aI, aII, ap

series1

Series2

Series3


17/45

Forele care acioneaza in mecanismul biel - manivel

1 Forta de presiune a gazelor, Fg

unde: Ap aria suprafetei capului pisstonului

pg presiunea gazelor in cilindru dupa diagrama indicata

p0 presiunea mediului ambiant

2 Fortele de inertie

m masa elementelor in miscare , in

a - acceleratia maselor , in

2.1 Fortele de inertie ale maselor in miscare de translatie, Fj

unde: mj - masele piselor n micare de translaie

mp - masa pistonului asamblat , in kg

pgg AppF )( 0

)2cos(cos2 RmF jj

bpl mmm

1

amF N

Kg

2/sm


18/45

2.2.Fortele de inertie ale maselor in miscare de rotatie

Aceste forte sunt produse de o parte din masa bielei si masa neechilibrata al arborelui cotit(masa manetonului si masele reduse ale celor doua brate ).

Fortele de inertie ale maselor in miscare de rotatie se determina cu relatiile :

forta centrifuga

forta tangentiala

mr-masa se miscare de rotatie ,

R - raza manivelei, n [m]

- viteza unghiular a arborelui

Masele pieselor in miscare ale mecanismului biela manivela

Pentru majoritatea motoarelor de autovehicule , repartizarea masei bielei pe cele doua componente este :

sau cu suficienta aproximatie :

In aceste conditii , masa elementelor aflate in miscare de translatie alternativa se poate determina cu

relatia :

mp- masa pistonului asamblat

mb- masa bielei

Masele rotitoare mr, sunt constituite din masa fusului maneton mm, masa bratului de

manivela redusa la raza R si componenta m2b a bielei , adica:

Masa bratelor manivelei avand centrul de masa la raza r fata de axa arborelui cotit ,

se poate reduce la raza R a manivelei pornind de la egalitatea :

,

2 RmF

rr N

dt

dRmF rt

N

0dt

d

bb mm 3,0......2,01 bb mm 8,0.....7,02

bb mm 275,01 bb mm 725,02

bpbpj mmmmm 275,01

bRbrmr mmmm 22

22 mRm


19/45

de unde se obtine :

- reprezint distana de la axa arborelui cotit la centrul de greutate al bratului

Masele constructive ale pistonului i bielei

Tipul motorului Masa pistonului din aliaje Masa bielei

de Al, ( kg/m ; g/cm ) ( kg/m ; g/cm )

M.A.C cu D=80 120 mm 200 - 300 ( 20 - 30 ) 250 - 350 ( 25 - 35 )

3.Forele rezultate din mecanismul biel manivel

Calculul fortei F se face tabelar si se construeste curba F=f()

Forta F aplicata in axa boltului se descompune in doua componente, una de sprijin,

normala pe axa cilindrului (N) si una dupa axa bielei (B):

.

In axa fusului maneton, forta B se descompune in doua componente, una radiala Z

si una tangentiala T:

po= 1.02*10^5 N/ 102000N/m2

Ap= 0.0045m2

mp= 1.135 kg 250kg/m2

mb= 1.362 kg 300kg/m2

m1b= 0.3745 kg 82.5kg/m2

m2b= 0.9874 kg 217.5kg/m2

bb mm 275,01

bb mm 725,02

rRr

R

mm brRbr

Kg

jg FFF N

tgFN N cosFB N

sinST N

cosSZ N


20/45

mj= 1.5095 kg

R= 0.0418 m

= 440 rad/sec

=1/3.6 0.278

px Fg FI FII Fj F N

[RAC] [N/m2] [N] [N] [N] [N] [N] [grade] [N]

0 110000 36.32 -12210.86 -3391.91 -15602.76 -15566.44 0.000 0.00

10 90000 -54.48 -12025.35 -3187.35 -15212.70 -15267.18 0.048 -737.2820 90000 -54.48 -11474.45 -2598.35 -14072.80 -14127.28 0.095 -1348.27

30 90000 -54.48 -10574.91 -1695.95 -12270.87 -12325.35 0.139 -1728.61

40 90000 -54.48 -9354.06 -589.00 -9943.06 -9997.54 0.180 -1814.24

50 90000 -54.48 -7848.99 589.00 -7259.99 -7314.47 0.214 -1592.93

60 90000 -54.48 -6105.43 1695.95 -4409.48 -4463.96 0.243 -1106.35

70 90000 -54.48 -4176.36 2598.35 -1578.01 -1632.49 0.264 -441.43

80 90000 -54.48 -2120.39 3187.35 1066.95 1012.48 0.277 287.95

90 90000 -54.48 0.00 3391.91 3391.91 3337.43 0.281 965.04

100 90000 -54.48 2120.39 3187.35 5307.74 5253.26 0.277 1494.06

110 90000 -54.48 4176.36 2598.35 6774.71 6720.23 0.264 1817.15

120 90000 -54.48 6105.43 1695.95 7801.38 7746.90 0.243 1920.00

130 90000 -54.48 7848.99 589.00 8437.99 8383.51 0.214 1825.74

140 90000 -54.48 9354.06 -589.00 8765.06 8710.58 0.180 1580.69

150 90000 -54.48 10574.91 -1695.95 8878.96 8824.48 0.139 1237.62

160 90000 -54.48 11474.45 -2598.35 8876.10 8821.62 0.095 841.91

170 90000 -54.48 12025.35 -3187.35 8838.00 8783.52 0.048 424.17

180 90000 -54.48 12210.86 -3391.91 8818.95 8764.47 0.000 0.00

190 89781.8 -55.47 12025.35 -3187.35 8838.00 8782.53 -0.048 -424.12

200 89239.3 -57.93 11474.45 -2598.35 8876.10 8818.17 -0.095 -841.58

210 88683.5 -60.46 10574.91 -1695.95 8878.96 8818.50 -0.139 -1236.78

220 88566.7 -60.99 9354.06 -589.00 8765.06 8704.08 -0.180 -1579.51230 89431.4 -57.06 7848.99 589.00 8437.99 8380.93 -0.214 -1825.18

240 91904.2 -45.83 6105.43 1695.95 7801.38 7755.55 -0.243 -1922.14

250 96756.7 -23.80 4176.36 2598.35 6774.71 6750.91 -0.264 -1825.44

260 105054 13.87 2120.39 3187.35 5307.74 5321.61 -0.277 -1513.50

270 118444 74.66 0.00 3391.91 3391.91 3466.56 -0.281 -1002.38

280 139709 171.20 -2120.39 3187.35 1066.95 1238.15 -0.277 -352.14

290 173906 326.45 -4176.36 2598.35 -1578.01 -1251.56 -0.264 338.42

bpbpj mmmmm 275,01


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300 230918 585.29 -6105.43 1695.95 -4409.48 -3824.19 -0.243 947.79

310 331680 1042.74 -7848.99 589.00 -7259.99 -6217.25 -0.214 1353.98

320 524862 1919.79 -9354.06 -589.00 -9943.06 -8023.27 -0.180 1455.97

330 935158 3782.52 -10574.91 -1695.95 -12270.87 -8488.34 -0.139 1190.47

340 1896378 8146.44 -11474.45 -2598.35 -14072.80 -5926.36 -0.095 565.60

350 4030264 17834.24 -12025.35 -3187.35 -15212.70 2621.55 -0.048 -126.60360 5966017 26622.52 -12210.86 -3391.91 -15602.76 11019.76 0.000 0.00

370 7755822 34748.21 -12025.35 -3187.35 -15212.70 19535.51 0.048 943.41

380 2951804 12938.06 -11474.45 -2598.35 -14072.80 -1134.75 0.095 -108.30

390 1626661 6921.93 -10574.91 -1695.95 -12270.87 -5348.94 0.139 -750.18

400 999712 4075.60 -9354.06 -589.00 -9943.06 -5867.46 0.180 -1064.76

410 679002 2619.58 -7848.99 589.00 -7259.99 -4640.41 0.214 -1010.58

420 500406 1808.76 -6105.43 1695.95 -4409.48 -2600.72 0.243 -644.56

430 394031 1325.81 -4176.36 2598.35 -1578.01 -252.20 0.264 -68.19

440 327629 1024.35 -2120.39 3187.35 1066.95 2091.31 0.277 594.78

450 285064 831.10 0.00 3391.91 3391.91 4223.01 0.281 1221.11

460 257649 706.64 2120.39 3187.35 5307.74 6014.39 0.277 1710.53

470 240387 628.27 4176.36 2598.35 6774.71 7402.98 0.264 2001.77

480 230185 581.96 6105.43 1695.95 7801.38 8383.34 0.243 2077.73

490 224953 558.21 7848.99 589.00 8437.99 8996.19 0.214 1959.17

500 223119 549.88 9354.06 -589.00 8765.06 9314.94 0.180 1690.37

510 223367 551.00 10574.91 -1695.95 8878.96 9429.96 0.139 1322.54

520 224546 556.36 11474.45 -2598.35 8876.10 9432.46 0.095 900.21

530 225696 561.58 12025.35 -3187.35 8838.00 9399.58 0.048 453.92

540 110000 36.32 12210.86 -3391.91 8818.95 8855.27 0.000 0.00

550 110000 36.32 12025.35 -3187.35 8838.00 8874.32 -0.048 -428.56

560 110000 36.32 11474.45 -2598.35 8876.10 8912.42 -0.095 -850.58570 110000 36.32 10574.91 -1695.95 8878.96 8915.28 -0.139 -1250.35

580 110000 36.32 9354.06 -589.00 8765.06 8801.38 -0.180 -1597.17

590 110000 36.32 7848.99 589.00 8437.99 8474.31 -0.214 -1845.51

600 110000 36.32 6105.43 1695.95 7801.38 7837.70 -0.243 -1942.50

610 110000 36.32 4176.36 2598.35 6774.71 6811.03 -0.264 -1841.70

620 110000 36.32 2120.39 3187.35 5307.74 5344.06 -0.277 -1519.88

630 110000 36.32 0.00 3391.91 3391.91 3428.23 -0.281 -991.30

640 110000 36.32 -2120.39 3187.35 1066.95 1103.27 -0.277 -313.78

650 110000 36.32 -4176.36 2598.35 -1578.01 -1541.69 -0.264 416.87

660 110000 36.32 -6105.43 1695.95 -4409.48 -4373.16 -0.243 1083.85

670 110000 36.32 -7848.99 589.00 -7259.99 -7223.67 -0.214 1573.15

680 110000 36.32 -9354.06 -589.00 -9943.06 -9906.74 -0.180 1797.76

690 110000 36.32 -10574.91 -1695.95 -12270.87 -12234.55 -0.139 1715.87

700 110000 36.32 -11474.45 -2598.35 -14072.80 -14036.48 -0.095 1339.60

710 110000 36.32 -12025.35 -3187.35 -15212.70 -15176.38 -0.048 732.89

720 110000 36.32 -12210.86 -3391.91 -15602.76 -15566.44 0.000 0.00


22/45

Ordinea de lucru a cilindrilor 1-3-4-2-1

alfa Cil

0 Admisie Compresie Destindere Evacuare 1

180 Compresie Destinder Evacuare Admisie 2

540 Evacuare Admisie Compresie Destindere 3

360 Destinder Evacuare Admisie Compresie 4

= 180 = unghiul de decalaj intre manivele

Momentul motor

M=TR

M1 M2 M3 M4 Mt Mmed T1 T2

[RAC] [Nm] [Nm] [Nm] [Nm] [Nm] [Nm] [N] [N]

0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 34.191 0.00 0.00

10 -111.519 -63.542 -64.206 142.697 -96.570 34.191 -2666.88 -1519.55

20 -203.892 -126.112 -127.460 -16.377 -473.842 34.191 -4875.91 -3015.87

30 -261.317 -185.398 -187.433 -113.406 -747.554 34.191 -6249.18 -4433.6440 -274.131 -236.888 -239.537 -160.885 -911.440 34.191 -6555.60 -5664.99

50 -240.548 -273.895 -276.946 -152.608 -943.997 34.191 -5752.51 -6549.96

60 -166.954 -288.645 -291.703 -97.268 -844.571 34.191 -3992.58 -6902.71

70 -66.562 -274.336 -276.779 -10.283 -627.959 34.191 -1591.78 -6560.51

80 43.385 -227.643 -228.603 89.613 -323.249 34.191 1037.51 -5443.89

90 145.274 -150.895 -149.226 183.822 28.975 34.191 3474.11 -3608.53

100 224.719 -53.055 -47.275 257.278 381.666 34.191 5373.97 -1268.76

110 273.089 51.030 62.860 300.834 687.813 34.191 6530.70 1220.35

120 288.323 143.027 163.558 312.010 906.919 34.191 6895.01 3420.37

130 273.979 204.464 237.562 294.002 1010.008 34.191 6551.98 4889.59

140 237.065 219.997 271.641 253.513 982.216 34.191 5669.22 5261.03

150 185.524 179.966 259.392 198.253 823.135 34.191 4436.64 4303.75

160 126.162 85.532 202.582 134.897 549.173 34.191 3017.05 2045.43

170 63.549 -19.149 110.856 68.006 223.262 34.191 1519.73 -457.93

180 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 34.191 0.00 0.00

190 -63.542 142.697 -111.519 -64.206 -96.570 34.191 -1519.55 3412.48

200 -126.112 -16.377 -203.892 -127.460 -473.842 34.191 -3015.87 -391.65


23/45

210 -185.398 -113.406 -261.317 -187.433 -747.554 34.191 -4433.64 -2712.01

220 -236.888 -160.885 -274.131 -239.537 -911.440 34.191 -5664.99 -3847.42

230 -273.895 -152.608 -240.548 -276.946 -943.997 34.191 -6549.96 -3649.48

240 -288.645 -97.268 -166.954 -291.703 -844.571 34.191 -6902.71 -2326.09

250 -274.336 -10.283 -66.562 -276.779 -627.959 34.191 -6560.51 -245.91

260 -227.643 89.613 43.385 -228.603 -323.249 34.191 -5443.89 2143.01270 -150.895 183.822 145.274 -149.226 28.975 34.191 -3608.53 4395.96

280 -53.055 257.278 224.719 -47.275 381.666 34.191 -1268.76 6152.58

290 51.030 300.834 273.089 62.860 687.813 34.191 1220.35 7194.19

300 143.027 312.010 288.323 163.558 906.919 34.191 3420.37 7461.46

310 204.464 294.002 273.979 237.562 1010.008 34.191 4889.59 7030.81

320 219.997 253.513 237.065 271.641 982.216 34.191 5261.03 6062.56

330 179.966 198.253 185.524 259.392 823.135 34.191 4303.75 4741.06

340 85.532 134.897 126.162 202.582 549.173 34.191 2045.43 3225.96

350 -19.149 68.006 63.549 110.856 223.262 34.191 -457.93 1626.32

360 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 34.191 0.00 0.00

370 142.697 -64.206 -63.542 -111.519 -96.570 34.191 3412.48 -1535.44

380 -16.377 -127.460 -126.112 -203.892 -473.842 34.191 -391.65 -3048.10

390 -113.406 -187.433 -185.398 -261.317 -747.554 34.191 -2712.01 -4482.29

400 -160.885 -239.537 -236.888 -274.131 -911.440 34.191 -3847.42 -5728.32

410 -152.608 -276.946 -273.895 -240.548 -943.997 34.191 -3649.48 -6622.94

420 -97.268 -291.703 -288.645 -166.954 -844.571 34.191 -2326.09 -6975.83

430 -10.283 -276.779 -274.336 -66.562 -627.959 34.191 -245.91 -6618.94

440 89.613 -228.603 -227.643 43.385 -323.249 34.191 2143.01 -5466.85

450 183.822 -149.226 -150.895 145.274 28.975 34.191 4395.96 -3568.63

460 257.278 -47.275 -53.055 224.719 381.666 34.191 6152.58 -1130.55

470 300.834 62.860 51.030 273.089 687.813 34.191 7194.19 1503.24480 312.010 163.558 143.027 288.323 906.919 34.191 7461.46 3911.37

490 294.002 237.562 204.464 273.979 1010.008 34.191 7030.81 5681.10

500 253.513 271.641 219.997 237.065 982.216 34.191 6062.56 6496.06

510 198.253 259.392 179.966 185.524 823.135 34.191 4741.06 6203.14

520 134.897 202.582 85.532 126.162 549.173 34.191 3225.96 4844.57

530 68.006 110.856 -19.149 63.549 223.262 34.191 1626.32 2651.02

540 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 34.191 0.00 0.00

550 -64.206 -111.519 142.697 -63.542 -96.570 34.191 -1535.44 -2666.88

560 -127.460 -203.892 -16.377 -126.112 -473.842 34.191 -3048.10 -4875.91

570 -187.433 -261.317 -113.406 -185.398 -747.554 34.191 -4482.29 -6249.18

580 -239.537 -274.131 -160.885 -236.888 -911.440 34.191 -5728.32 -6555.60

590 -276.946 -240.548 -152.608 -273.895 -943.997 34.191 -6622.94 -5752.51

600 -291.703 -166.954 -97.268 -288.645 -844.571 34.191 -6975.83 -3992.58

610 -276.779 -66.562 -10.283 -274.336 -627.959 34.191 -6618.94 -1591.78

620 -228.603 43.385 89.613 -227.643 -323.249 34.191 -5466.85 1037.51

630 -149.226 145.274 183.822 -150.895 28.975 34.191 -3568.63 3474.11

640 -47.275 224.719 257.278 -53.055 381.666 34.191 -1130.55 5373.97


24/45

650 62.860 273.089 300.834 51.030 687.813 34.191 1503.24 6530.70

660 163.558 288.323 312.010 143.027 906.919 34.191 3911.37 6895.01

670 237.562 273.979 294.002 204.464 1010.008 34.191 5681.10 6551.98

680 271.641 237.065 253.513 219.997 982.216 34.191 6496.06 5669.22

690 259.392 185.524 198.253 179.966 823.135 34.191 6203.14 4436.64

700 202.582 126.162 134.897 85.532 549.173 34.191 4844.57 3017.05710 110.856 63.549 68.006 -19.149 223.262 34.191 2651.02 1519.73

720 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 34.191 0.00 0.00


25/45


26/45


27/45


28/45

S T Z M

[N] [N] [N] [Nm]

-15566.4 0.00 -15566.44 0.00

-15285 -2666.88 -15050.51 -111.52-14191.5 -4875.91 -13327.55 -203.89

-12446 -6249.18 -10763.36 -261.32

-10160.8 -6555.60 -7763.14 -274.13

-7485.91 -5752.51 -4790.36 -240.55

-4599.01 -3992.58 -2282.60 -166.95

-1691.12 -1591.78 -571.07 -66.56

1052.63 1037.51 177.77 43.38

3474.15 3474.11 -17.07 145.27

5461.59 5373.97 -974.40 224.72

6961.57 6530.70 -2411.13 273.09

7981.28 6895.01 -4019.91 288.32

8580.01 6551.98 -5539.68 273.98

8852.84 5669.22 -6799.47 237.07

8910.85 4436.64 -7727.83 185.52

8861.71 3017.05 -8332.30 126.16

8793.76 1519.73 -8661.44 63.55

8764.47 0.00 -8764.47 0.00

8792.76 -1519.55 -8660.47 -63.54

8858.24 -3015.87 -8329.04 -126.11

8904.81 -4433.64 -7722.60 -185.40

8846.23 -5664.99 -6794.39 -236.898577.36 -6549.96 -5537.98 -273.89

7990.19 -6902.71 -4024.40 -288.65

6993.35 -6560.51 -2422.13 -274.34

5532.65 -5443.89 -987.07 -227.64

3608.58 -3608.53 -17.73 -150.90

1287.25 -1268.76 217.40 -53.05

-1296.51 1220.35 -437.81 51.03


29/45

-3939.89 3420.37 -1955.46 143.03

-6362.98 4889.59 -4071.77 204.46

-8154.31 5261.03 -6230.11 220.00

-8571.42 4303.75 -7412.62 179.97

-5953.29 2045.43 -5590.88 85.53

2624.6 -457.93 2584.34 -19.1511019.8 0.00 11019.76 0.00

19558.3 3412.48 19258.27 142.70

-1139.9 -391.65 -1070.51 -16.38

-5401.29 -2712.01 -4671.07 -113.41

-5963.29 -3847.42 -4556.11 -160.88

-4749.18 -3649.48 -3039.08 -152.61

-2679.4 -2326.09 -1329.85 -97.27

-261.252 -245.91 -88.22 -10.28

2174.24 2143.01 367.19 89.61

4396.01 4395.96 -21.60 183.82

6252.9 6152.58 -1115.57 257.28

7668.85 7194.19 -2656.09 300.83

8636.97 7461.46 -4350.16 312.01

9207.05 7030.81 -5944.53 294.00

9467.07 6062.56 -7271.23 253.51

9522.25 4741.06 -8258.07 198.25

9475.32 3225.96 -8909.26 134.90

9410.53 1626.32 -9268.94 68.01

8855.27 0.00 -8855.27 0.00

8884.66 -1535.44 -8750.98 -64.21

8952.92 -3048.10 -8418.07 -127.469002.53 -4482.29 -7807.35 -187.43

8945.13 -5728.32 -6870.35 -239.54

8672.93 -6622.94 -5599.68 -276.95

8074.83 -6975.83 -4067.03 -291.70

7055.64 -6618.94 -2443.70 -276.78

5555.99 -5466.85 -991.24 -228.60

3568.67 -3568.63 -17.53 -149.23

1147.03 -1130.55 193.71 -47.28

-1597.06 1503.24 -539.30 62.86

-4505.47 3911.37 -2236.17 163.56

-7392.99 5681.10 -4730.89 237.56

-10068.5 6496.06 -7692.63 271.64

-12354.3 6203.14 -10684.07 259.39

-14100.3 4844.57 -13241.89 202.58

-15194.1 2651.02 -14961.00 110.86

-15566.4 0.00 -15566.44 0.00


30/45


31/45

-7722.60 -4671.069 -860.81 -1525.76 16323.79 14078.23 1751.84 2933.58

-6794.39 -4556.113 -908.78 -1119.14 15830.28 14078.23 1441.65 2933.58

-5537.98 -3039.077 -1450.24 -1249.45 15028.04 14078.23 1914.24 2933.58

-4024.40 -1329.851 -2288.31 -1347.27 13854.04 14078.23 2655.47 2933.58

-2422.13 -88.22108 -3157.30 -1166.96 12304.54 14078.23 3366.06 2933.58

-987.07 367.19362 -3793.45 -677.13 10496.66 14078.23 3853.41 2933.58-17.73 -21.59645 -4002.25 1.93 8781.01 14078.23 4002.25 2933.58

217.40 -1115.572 -3710.67 666.48 7873.06 14078.23 3770.05 2933.58

-437.81 -2656.088 -2986.92 1109.14 8513.29 14078.23 3186.20 2933.58

-1955.46 -4350.164 -2020.55 1197.35 10514.87 14078.23 2348.67 2933.58

-4071.77 -5944.534 -1070.61 936.38 13012.90 14078.23 1422.33 2933.58

-6230.11 -7271.227 -400.77 520.56 15159.83 14078.23 656.96 2933.58

-7412.62 -8258.068 -218.65 422.72 15990.24 14078.23 475.93 2933.58

-5590.88 -8909.257 -590.26 1659.19 13731.63 14078.23 1761.06 2933.58

2584.34 -9268.937 -1042.12 5926.64 5422.58 14078.23 6017.57 2933.58

11019.76 -8855.273 0.00 9937.52 3032.21 14078.23 9937.52 2933.58

19258.27 -8750.98 2473.96 14004.63 11776.00 14078.23 14221.46 2933.58

-1070.51 -8418.066 1328.23 3673.78 9066.53 14078.23 3906.51 2933.58

-4671.07 -7807.347 885.14 1568.14 12945.88 14078.23 1800.70 2933.58

-4556.11 -6870.345 940.45 1157.12 13120.45 14078.23 1491.09 2933.58

-3039.08 -5599.681 1486.73 1280.30 11614.87 14078.23 1962.02 2933.58

-1329.85 -4067.031 2324.87 1368.59 9603.37 14078.23 2697.78 2933.58

-88.22 -2443.703 3186.51 1177.74 8079.52 14078.23 3397.20 2933.58

367.19 -991.2377 3804.93 679.22 7915.96 14078.23 3865.08 2933.58

-21.60 -17.53192 3982.29 -2.03 9136.24 14078.23 3982.29 2933.58

-1115.57 193.71402 3641.57 -654.64 10987.32 14078.23 3699.94 2933.58

-2656.09 -539.3026 2845.48 -1058.39 12846.93 14078.23 3035.94 2933.58-4350.16 -2236.168 1775.05 -1057.00 14418.48 14078.23 2065.92 2933.58

-5944.53 -4730.891 674.86 -606.82 15605.62 14078.23 907.56 2933.58

-7271.23 -7692.631 -216.75 210.70 16419.05 14078.23 302.28 2933.58

-8258.07 -10684.07 -731.04 1213.00 16923.29 14078.23 1416.26 2933.58

-8909.26 -13241.89 -809.31 2166.31 17202.01 14078.23 2312.55 2933.58

-9268.94 -14961 -512.35 2846.03 17332.96 14078.23 2891.78 2933.58

-8855.27 -15566.44 0.00 3355.59 16842.83 14078.23 3355.59 2933.58

-8750.98 -15050.51 565.72 3149.77 16808.81 14078.23 3200.17 2933.58

-8418.07 -13327.55 913.90 2454.74 16686.38 14078.23 2619.34 2933.58

-7807.35 -10763.36 883.44 1478.01 16418.58 14078.23 1721.91 2933.58

-6870.35 -7763.137 413.64 446.40 15923.91 14078.23 608.58 2933.58

-5599.68 -4790.357 -435.22 -404.66 15115.43 14078.23 594.28 2933.58

-4067.03 -2282.598 -1491.62 -892.22 13927.50 14078.23 1738.10 2933.58

-2443.70 -571.0655 -2513.58 -936.32 12354.00 14078.23 2682.31 2933.58

-991.24 177.77134 -3252.18 -584.50 10512.15 14078.23 3304.29 2933.58

-17.53 -17.06757 -3521.37 -0.23 8764.50 14078.23 3521.37 2933.58

193.71 -974.3958 -3252.26 584.05 7875.41 14078.23 3304.29 2933.58


32/45

-539.30 -2411.125 -2513.73 935.91 8658.35 14078.23 2682.30 2933.58

-2236.17 -4019.914 -1491.82 891.87 10946.38 14078.23 1738.09 2933.58

-4730.89 -5539.682 -435.44 404.40 13929.60 14078.23 594.26 2933.58

-7692.63 -6799.467 413.42 -446.58 16972.54 14078.23 608.57 2933.58

-10684.07 -7727.831 883.25 -1478.12 19675.07 14078.23 1721.91 2933.58

-13241.89 -8332.303 913.76 -2454.79 21775.19 14078.23 2619.34 2933.58-14961.00 -8661.442 565.65 -3149.78 23101.17 14078.23 3200.17 2933.58

-15566.44 -8764.474 0.00 -3400.99 23554.00 14078.23 3400.99 2933.58


33/45

-20000

-15000

-10000

-5000

0

5000

10000

15000

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 72

FI,FII,

Fj

RAC

Variatia FI, FII , Fj functie de [RAC]

FI [N]

FII [N]

Fj [N]


34/45

-20000

-10000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630

F,F

g,F

j[N]

0 RAC

Variatia F,Fg,Fj


35/45

-20000

-10000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720

N,S

[N]

0 RAC

N,S functie de [RAC]

N [N]

S [N]


36/45

-20000

-15000

-10000

-5000

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660

T,Z

[N]

0 RAC

T,Z functie de [RAC]


37/45

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660M[

Nm]

0 RAC

Momentul motor instantaneu M


38/45

-1500

-1000

-500

0

500

1000

1500

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 Mt[Nm]

0 RAC

Momentul total

Mt [Nm]

Mmed [Nm]


39/45

-20000

-10000

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

-8000 -6000 -4000 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Z[N]

T - Z

Z [N]


40/45

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720

Rm[

N]

RAC

Diagrama fortei rezultante Rm pe fusul maneton

Rm [N]

Rmmed [N]


41/45

-42000

-32000

-22000

-12000

-2000

8000

18000

28000

38000

-5000 -4000 -3000 -2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Z'[N]

T' [N]

T' - Z'Z' [N]


42/45

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720

Rp[N]

RAC

Diagrama fortei rezultante Rp pe fusul palier


43/45

Date de intrare

Pm 56 kW 56000 W

nm 4200 rot/min

2. Calculul dinamic al autovehiculului

2.1 Calculul caracteristicii externe a motorului cu ardere interna

Coeficientul de elasticitate al motorului c=(0.450.65)

se adopta c= 0.6

Calculul coeficientilor 1,2,3

1=0.75

2=1.5

3=-1.25

1

2520 rot/min

127.324 Nm

m= 439.82

cmin=300 g/kWh

Verificare 1+2+3=

Turatia la moment maxim nM=

Mom la putere max: Mm=


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n Pe Me ce Ce ce

1000 13.82 131.94 343.78 4.75 68.75547

1100 15.50 134.60 337.00 5.23 67.40046

1200 17.22 137.07 330.92 5.70 66.18483

1300 18.97 139.36 325.48 6.18 65.096471400 20.74 141.47 320.63 6.65 64.125

1500 22.53 143.40 316.31 7.13 63.26161

1600 24.32 145.15 312.49 7.60 62.49876

1700 26.12 146.72 309.15 8.08 61.83003

1800 27.92 148.11 306.25 8.55 61.25

1900 29.71 149.32 303.77 9.03 60.75408

2000 31.49 150.35 301.69 9.50 60.33845

2100 33.25 151.20 300.00 9.98 60

2200 34.99 151.86 298.68 10.45 59.73622

2300 36.69 152.35 297.73 10.93 59.54519

2400 38.37 152.66 297.13 11.40 59.42553

2500 40.00 152.79 296.88 11.88 59.3764

2520 40.32 152.79 296.88 11.97 59.375

2600 41.58 152.73 296.99 12.35 59.39745

2700 43.12 152.50 297.44 12.83 59.48882

2800 44.59 152.08 298.26 13.30 59.65116

2900 46.00 151.49 299.43 13.78 59.88565

3000 47.35 150.71 300.97 14.25 60.19397

3100 48.61 149.75 302.89 14.73 60.57838

3200 49.80 148.62 305.21 15.20 61.04177

3300 50.90 147.30 307.94 15.68 61.587653400 51.91 145.80 311.10 16.15 62.2203

3500 52.82 144.12 314.72 16.63 62.94479

3600 53.63 142.27 318.84 17.10 63.76712

3700 54.33 140.23 323.47 17.58 64.69438

3800 54.92 138.01 328.67 18.05 65.73483

3900 55.38 135.61 334.49 18.53 66.8982

4000 55.72 133.03 340.98 19.00 68.19588

4100 55.93 130.27 348.21 19.48 69.64122

4200 56.00 127.32 356.25 19.95 71.25

4300 0.00 0.00 900.00 13.00 180


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Diagrama caracteristiii externa

Me ce

Pe Ce