Transcript
Page 1: Poetry presentation(the elements of poetry)
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PoetryGroup OneTitin Astina

Kartini TahirYunisa

Innastya Jimersita K.P.MEva Tuni RahmawatiJein Indri Palungan

Mustika MarsaniYudhi Rifandi

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CHAPTER THREE

ELEMENTS OF POETRY

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The Elements of PoetrySOUN

D FORM

AND STRUCTURE

METER

AND RHYTM

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SOUND

RHYME

ASSONANC

E

ALLITERATIO

N

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Alliteration the repetition of the same consonantal sound at frequent intervals and they are usually but not necessarily at the beginnings of words

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Example:

The Ancient Mariner By Samuel T. Coleridge

The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew

The furrow followed freeWe were the first that ever burstInto that silent sea

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Assonance:another kind of repeated sounds or the repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds.

Example:Each-Either

Old-MouldyLady-Baby

Deep-Tree

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Rhyme:the repetition both vowel and consonant sound at the end of the word.

Example:If all be true that I do think, (a)There are five reasons we should drink, (a)Good wine, a friend, or being dry, (b)Or lest we should be by and by (b)Or any reason why (b)

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Function of Rhyme

A rhyme can be a source of inspiration

Rhyme pleases most readers because it is interesting and pleasing

Appeal to the reader memory

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Rhyme Schemes

Behold, we know not anything(a)

I can but trust that good shall fall(b)

At last-far off-at last to all (b)And every winter change to spring

(a)

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FORM AND STRUCTURE

O, rest ye, brother mariners, we will not wander more

When read aloud, this heptameter line will sound as though it were written

O, rest ye, brother mariners,We will not wander more

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FORM

Stanza Form

Fixed Form

Continuous Form

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Continuous Form The elements of formal design is

slight. Without formal grouping. Example: a poetry by Walt WhitmanWHEN I HEARD THE LEARN’D

ASTRONOMERWhen I heard the learn’d astronomerWhen the proofs, the figures, were

ranged in columns before me,When I was shown the charts and

diagrams, to add, divide, and measure them,

When I sitting heard the astronomer where he lectured with much applause in the lecture-room

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Stanzaic Form Writes in a series of stanzas, that is

repeated units having the same number of lines, same metrical pattern , and often an identical rhyme scheme.

Example: a poetry by Thomas GrayELEGY WRITTEN IN A COUNTRY CHURCH-YARDThe curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the leaThe plowman ho meward plods his weary

wayAnd leaves the world to darkness and to me

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A Fixed Form Traditional pattern that applies to a whole

poem. It has been experimented by limerick and sonnet

Example: The LimerickThere was a young lady of NigerWho smiled as she rode on a tiger;They return from the rideWith the lady inside, And the smile on the face of a tiger

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There are other most common form which have been long established in English poetry., namely:

Blank Verse: or unrhymed iambic pentameter lines

Example:Tears, idle tears, I know not what they meanTears from the depth of some divine despairRise in the heart, and gather to the eyes,In looking on the happy Autumn-fields,And thinking of the days that are no more

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Terza Rima a series of iambic pentameter lines rhyming aba followed by three rhyming bcb, cdc, etc.Percy Bysshe Shelley-Ode To The West Wind

O wild west wend, thou breath of Autumn’s being

Thou, from where unseen presence the leaves dead

Are driven, like ghost from an enchanter fleeing,

Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,

Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou,

Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed

The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,

Each like corpse within its grave, until

Thine azure sister of the spring shall blow

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Free Verse Free Verse is actually not verse at all; it is not metrical. It may be rhymed or unrhymed-most often

are rhymed It doesn’t conform to any kind of meter. Its diction, it’s liberal use of figurative

language and of symbols, and its essentially dramatic method all mark it as belonging to the great tradition of poetry

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The Sonnet Must be fourteen lines in length, and it

almost always is iambic pentameneter.William WordsworthIT IS BEAUTEOUS EVENING, CALM AND FREEIt is beautious evening, calm and free,The holy time is quiet as a NunBreathless with adoration: the broad sunIs sinking down and its tranquility;The gentleness of heaven broods o’er the SeaListen the mighty Doing Is awake,….

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The English or Shakespeare Sonnet

Composed of three quatrains Surrey and a concluding couplet, rhyming abab cdcd efef gg.Again there is often a correspondence between the units marked off by the rhymes and the development of the thought. The three quatrains, for instance, may present three examples and the couplet a conclusion; or they may present three metaphorical statements of one idea plus an application

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METER AND RHYTHM Meter is the kind of rhythm we can tap our

foot to. In language that is metrical the accents are so arranged as to occur at apparently equal intervals of time, and it is this interval we mark of with the tap of our foot.

Rhythm implies: something is here, then it is replaced by something and then the first thing return. E.g.; the rhythm of season: winter, spring, summer, autumn. The rhythm of heavenly bodies: moon, stars, the sun.

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Scansion Scansion is the act of marking a poem to

show the metrical unit of which is composed.

The smallest of this metrical units is syllable

Example:

Learned until flattery forceps alabaster

Accented/stressed

Unaccented/unstressed

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FEETCombination of stressed and unstressed syllable which constitutes the recurrent rhythmic unit of line.

Iambic Unaccented-Accented Trochaic Accented-Unaccented Dactylic Accented-Unaccented-Unaccented Anapestic Unaccented-Unaccented-

Accented Spondaic Accented-Accented Phyrrhic Unaccented-Unaccented

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LineA line is a succession of feet which usually begins with capital letter.

Iambic: with loads of learned lumber in his head

Trochaic: pleasant was the landscape

Dactylic: one more unfortunate

Anapestic: with his nostrils like pits full of

blood to the brim

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The line is measured by naming the number of feet in it. The following names are:

Monometer : one foot Dimeter : two feet Trimeter : three feet Tetrameter : four feet Pentameter : five feet Hexameter : six feet Heptameter : seven feet Octameter : eight feet

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