Download pdf - Planning and Engaging With Intercultural Communities - Comedia ASC - 2006

8/14/2019 Planning and Engaging With Intercultural Communities - Comedia ASC - 2006

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Planning andEngaging withintErculturalcommunitiEs:Building the knowledge and skills Base

novemBer 2006


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contEnts

ForEword Proessor Peter roBerts 4

. summary 6

. contExt 8skills or sustainaBle develoPment 9

a new Planning culture 8

a new skill cultural comPetence 10

emBracing cultural diversity 10

intercultural engagement and diversity advantage 10

3. cultural comPEtEncEand thE managEmEnt oF changE understanding change 13

understanding culture 13

managing conlict 14

thinking and Planning culturally 15

4. what do local authoritiEs think? 6

5. doing community EngagEmEnt 0PrinciPles 21

techniques 23

working interculturally 24

6. thE nEw skills agEnda casE studiEs 66.1. inclusive visioning 28

6.2. Project management 29

6.3. leadershiP in sustainaBle communities 30

6.4. Breakthrough thinking and Brokerage 31

6.5. team and PartnershiP working 32

6.6. making it haPPen given constraints 33

6.7. inancial management and aPPraisal 34

6.8. stakeholder management 35

6.9. communication 37

6.10. conlict resolution 39

intercultural community engagement 41

urther reading 42


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3

acknowlEdgEmEnts

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Birmingham city council

Burnley Borough council

derBy city council

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kirklees mBc

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lB richmond

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lB waltham orest

leeds city council

leicester city council

manchester city council

metroPolitan Police authority

oldham housing investment PartnershiP

solihull mBctameside mBc

wakeield mdc

wigan mBc

wolverhamPton city council

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orewordProessor Peter roBerts


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Pe Pee rbe

Ca e Acaem Ssaabe Cmmes

Planning is a key element inthe develoPment o sustainaBlecommunities: these are Placeswhere PeoPle want to live andwork, now and in the uture.


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the target readershiP is Proessionals engaged

in Planning and regeneration in local

authorities and related organizations. it

should also Be read By memBers o the core

occuPations identiied By the egan rePort as:

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this rePort sets out to advise, inorm, insPireand add value to the work o Practitioners inthe ields o Planning, Built environment andcommunity develoPment.


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82


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skills or sustainaBle develoPment

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a new skill cultural comPetence

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1 Planning Policy Statements 11 and 122Jon Hawkes (2001) The Fourth Pillar of Sustainability: Cultures Essential Role in Public Planning. Common Ground Publishing.

Diagram courtesy of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage http://mch.govt.nz/cwb/3 UNESCO (1996) Declaration of Cultural Rights4The World Commission on Environment and Developments (the Brundtland Commission) report Our Common Future (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987).

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5 For example, Cox, T. Jr. (1994). Cultural diversity in organizations: Theory, research and practice: and Montes, T. (2000). The Diversity Challenge6 Ram, M et al (2002) Assessing the Potential of Supplier Diversity Initiatives as a means of promoting diversication amongst Ethnic Minority businesses in the UK.7 Zachary, G Pascal (2003) The Diversity Advantage: multicultural identity in the new world economy.8 Florida, Richard (2002) The Rise of the Creative Class: and how its transforming work, leisure and everyday life; and Ottaviano, Gianmarco and Peri, Giovanni (2004)

The economic value of cultural diversity: evidence from US cities.9 Home Ofce. Community Cohesion. A Report of the Independent Review Team, chaired by Ted Cantle. London (2001)

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we are getting to thestage where communityengagement Becomes a corePart o the joB descriPtiono every regeneration

Proessional. in that contextrecruitment will come downto 95% attitude and only 5%technical exPertise.

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4

exercise 1

to understand how cultural

values imPact uPon the Proessional

environment, ask yoursel the ollowing

questions:10

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Practices imPact uPon the Proessional

environment, do the ollowing exercises:

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10 These and subsequent exercise drawn from the work of Pekka Seppala and Arja Vainio-Mattila (2000) Navigating culture: a road map for culture and development.


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exercise 3


institutions imPact uPon the

Proessional environment, ask yoursel

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thinking and Planningculturally

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64 i b r B


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in the course o researching this rePort we havesought the views o a wide variety o local authorityoicials. the ollowing rePresents a sPread ocurrent oPinion:

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it was clear in ourdiscussions with localauthorities across thecountry that they areinding it increasingly

diicult to Build eectiveconnections Between, say,Planning and communitycohesion desPite goodeorts to do so.

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main Barriers to eective consultation odiverse communities

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PrinciPles

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citizen control

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arnstein, s. (1969) a pp, aiP, 35, j, pp. 216224.


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11 These and subsequent exercise drawn from the work of Pekka Seppala and Arja Vainio-Mattila (2000) Navigating culture: a road map for culture and development.


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techniques which have Been aPPlied

successully in the Past and may Be

aPProPriate or certain consulting

contexts include the ollowing:

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12 Planning for Real is a registered trademark of the Neighbourhood Initiatives Foundation. www.nif.co.uk13 www.mind-the-gap.org.uk14 See www.commonground.org.uk/parishmaps/m-index.html15 See www.futuresearch.net16 See, for example, www.vision21.demon.co.uk

techniques

it is now accePted that we can adaPt techniques derived rom a wide range o Proessional

settings to add value to community engagement. however, in selecting the aPProPriate tool

there are a numBer o considerations the ProsPective consultor should Be aware o.


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o course knowing which is the right time or

situation to use one technique or another is

also vital. 21

17 See www.planningaid.rtpi.org.uk18 See www.infed.org/community/community_proling.htm19 See for example Imagine Chicago at www.imaginechicago.org20 See www.neweconomics.org/gen/democs.aspx and www.playdecide.org]21 For a helpful discussion of this point see Enhancing Consultation, Participation and Engagement in Yorkshire and Humberside (2006),

produced by the New Economics Foundation for Yorkshire Futures, available from [email protected]

working interculturally

the aim o this rePort is to not only to

reinorce estaBlished PrinciPles o good

Practice But to oPen uP new thinking

and deBate uPon the role o communityconsultation and engagement in culturally

diverse environments.

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the egan rePort identiied a series o generic skillswhich are required By the modern Practitioners.

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; 22 p:

1. inclusive visioning

2. Project management

3. leadershiP in sustainaBle communities

4. Breakthrough thinking and Brokerage

5. team and PartnershiP working

6. making it haPPen given constraints

7. inancial management and aPPraisal

8. stakeholder management

9. communication10. conlict resolution

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22 Each skill treatment begins with attributes highlighted by the the Academy for Sus tainable Communities (ASC). For more information go to www.ascskills.org.uk


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6.1. inclusive visioning

skills required

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6.2. Project management

skills required

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6.3. leadershiP in sustainaBle communities

skills required

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6.4. Breakthrough thinking and Brokerage

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6.5. team and PartnershiP working

skills required

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33 25 I.e. Dont wait for 100% perfection but go ahead when you are 80% there.

6.6. making it haPPen given constraints

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34

6.7. inancial management and aPPraisal

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26 Quoted in New Start magazine, 6 February 2004, p11.


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6.8. stakeholder management

skills required

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case study 8 -what kind o Place?holBeck urBan village

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6.9. communication

skills required

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the second Phase o the Project set out to

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6.10. conlict resolution

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27 More information on Speak Outs at www.engagingcommunities2005.org/abstracts/Sarkissian-Wendy-nal.pdf28 Forester, John (2000) Multicultural Planning in Deed: Lessons f rom the mediation practice of Shirley Solomon and Larry Sherman, in M. Burayidi (ed.)

Urban Planning in a Multicultural Society. Westport, CT; Praeger.


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407


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4

PrinciPles

clear ground rules should Be estaBlished

the Process must have an honest intention

engagement needs to Built over a long time

aim to inorm and involve all those whohave a justiiaBle right to ParticiPate

make sure that communication and

PuBlicity is inclusive

use methods o involvement which arerelevant to the communities concerned

train community memBers in Planning and

engagement techniques

resources need to Be identiied to suPPortthe Process

conlict is inevitaBle

sta attitudes are crucial

consultation should contriBute toBuilding cohesion

ParticiPants have a right to exPect thatthe Process o data analysis and theormulation o conclusions will Beconducted with transParency

3

4

5

6

8

0

action

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4

urther reading

amin, ash (00)

EthniCity And thE MultiCulturAl City.

living with divErSity.

rePort or the dePartment o transPort,local government and the regions

BEEBEEjaun, yasminah (004)

whAtS in A nAtion? ConStruCting EthniCity in

thE BritiSh PlAnning SyStEM. PlAnning. thEory And

PrACtiCE, vol. 5, no. 4, 437-451.

BloomFiEld, judE and Bianchini, Franco

(004)PlAnning for thE intErCulturAl City.

Bournes green. comedia.

Booth, chris Et al (004)

PlAnning And divErSity: rESEArCh into PoliCiES And

ProCEdurES. odPm.

BrEcknock, richard (006)

MorE thAn JuSt A BridgE: PlAnning And dESigning

CulturAlly. Bournes green. comedia.

BrownE, chris Et al (005)CoMMunity CohESion: SEvEn StEPS. A PrACtitionErS

toolkit. hoME offiCE, CohESion And fAithS unit.

Burayidi, michaEl (000)urBAn PlAnning in A MultiCulturAl SoCiEty.

westPort, conn. Praeger

cantlE, tEd (005)CoMMunity CohESion: A nEw frAMEwork

for rACE And divErSity.Basingstoke, Palgrave macmillan.

a -b - f uk. i b - b b p p b pb p b b.

o p p p pp, b b p- .t p p p p p .

t b p b p p

p. t i c pp p p .ab ..

t p uk p p (PPg) f p . s p

p p, p- p b p PPg.ab .../

P c i c pb, b p c l b p b p. i pp p p p p.ab ..

d p p c c

P P, p b b p .ab p://.../

a p p p .

w p p b p

, c p b uk p 2001 b.i p p b.


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43

communitiEs scotland (005)

nAtionAl StAndArdS for CoMMunity EngAgEMEnt.

cookE, Bill & kothari, uma (00)PArtiCiPAtion: thE nEw tyrAnny.london, zed Books.

cummins, judE (004)Building CoMMunityCohESion into ArEA BASEd initiAtivES:

A guidE for rESidEntS And PrACtitionErS.home oice, community cohesion unit.

dEPartmEnt For communitiEs and local

goVErnmEnt (006)

CoMMunity CohESion And nEighBourhood

rEnEwAl fACtShEEt.

Egan rEViEw:SkillS for SuStAinABlE CoMMunitiES(003)

haguE, c Et al (003)PArtiCiPAtory PlAnning for SuStAinABlE CoMMunitiES:intErnAtionAl ExPEriEnCE in MEdiAtion, nEgotiAtion

And EngAgEMEnt in MAking PlAnS. odPm, 2003.

hickEy, samuEl & mohan, gilEs (Eds) (004)PArtiCiPAtion: froM tyrAnny to trAnSforMAtion.london, zed Books.

higgins, marilyn Et al (004)divErSity And EquAlity in PlAnning:

A good PrACtiCE guidE. odPm.

hussain, asaF; law, Bill; and haq, tim

(006)EngAgEMEnt with CulturE: froM divErSity to

intErCulturAliSM. university o leicester:vaughan PaPers no. 41

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ab p://.../

o 18 p d nb r r e nb rab .b../p.p?=8

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B uk p pb p p s . d p pbpp b p ppp, . t, p, -p f b p, pp p b b .ab : .p../.p?=1143436

a p c k b b,

p p pp p pp. a, b uk b .

a p , , B p p p.ab .../

rp p l p

- b p . i l pp uk pp p .


44/48


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45

aPPEndixmaniPulative ParticiPation

Passive ParticiPation

ParticiPation Byconsultation

ParticiPationor material incentives

unctional ParticiPation

interactive ParticiPation

sel-moBilisation

a tyPology o ParticiPation inProgrammes and Projects

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i b

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Derived fromPRETTY, J. (1995) Participatory learning for sustainable agriculture, World Development, 23(8), pp. 12471263.and ARNSTEIN, S. (1969) A ladder of citizen participation, AIP, 35, July, pp. 216224.


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Planning andEngaging withintErculturalcommunitiEs:Building the knowledge and skills Base


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4


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