Sr. Band Final / Post-Assessment Review Packet

Mr. Doherty

Dynamics – how loudly or softly you should play

Piano= Soft

Forte=Loud

Fortissimo= Very Loud

Pianissimo= Very Soft

Mezzoforte = Medium Loud

Mezzopiano = Medium Soft

Crescendo (cresc.)Means to get louder

Diminuendo (dim)means to getsofter

Tempo – how fast or slow a piece is to be played, measured in bpm

or beats per minuteGrave = Extremely SlowLargo = Very SlowAdagio = SlowModerato = Moderate SpeedAndante = Walking SpeedAllegro = Fast and joyfulVivo / Vivace = Very Fast

Accelerando means to get faster

Ritardando means to get slower

Rhythm= Four beats in

= Two beats in

= Three beats in

The “dot of prolongation adds half of the note valueto the primary note

= one beat in

= half a beat in

=

Sixteenth Notes

Counted One-e-and-a

Counted One-and-a

Counted One-e-and

Counted One-e-a

Counted One-a

Counted One-e

Tuplets – a certain number of notes in one beat.

Triplet = 3 notes in one beat in

Quintuplet = 5 notes in one beat in

Septuplet = 7 notes in one beat in

Rests – a silence takes the place of a note

Multiple measure rest (15)

Quarter rest = 1 beat

Half rest = 2 beats

Whole rest = 4 beats

Eighth rest = ½ beat

16 rest = ¼ beat

Syncopation – when the offbeats (off-beats are accented)

The Entertainer – Ragtime music features many accented offbeats.

Simple Meter = the number of beats in a measure which note gets one beat

4 beats per measurea quarter note getsone beat

Common time = 4/4

Three beats per measurea quarter notes gets a beatA Waltz is in ¾ time

Five beats per measurea quarter note gets a beat

Cut time means thereare two beats permeasure and a halfnote gets a beatMarches are often in cut time

Compound Meter = the number of beats in a measure which note gets one beat

6 beats per measurean eighth notegets a beat

Musical Symbols

D.S. – Dal Segno = back to the signD.C. – Da Capo = back to the beginning

Segno, or Italian for sign

Coda – an added ending on a piece of music Repeat sign

Accent – emphasize this note

Fermata – hold this note until the conductor cuts you off

Caesura – a complete stop in a piece of music

Musical Symbols

A flat lowers a note a half step

A natural means to play the Regular note, it gets rid ofA sharp or a flat

A sharp raises a note a half step

Staccato notes are played short anddetatched

Ex.

Ex.

Musical TermsTutti – everyone plays

Unison – many instruments playing the same notes

Enharmonic – two different names for the same note

Interval – the distance between two notes

Half step – the distance from a note to it’s “sharp” (Ex. C to C#).

Whole step – two half steps

Ostinato – a repeated musical passage

Ledger lines – notes played outside the staff

Chromatic Scale – a scale with all half steps

Ritardando – slowing down

Simile – play the notes the same as before

Sforzando – a type of harsh accent

Scale – an ascending series of seven notes in the pattern WWHWWWH

Enharmonics – two different names for the same pitch

Db = ? A# = ?

G# = ? Gb = ?

Bb = ? F# = ?

Key Signatures

Key of _____

Key of _____

Key of _____

Key of _____

Key of _____

Key of _____

Rules – Flats and Sharps

1. Once a note is flat or sharp in a measure it stays flat or sharp.2. A natural will cancel out a previous flat or sharp in a measure.3. The bar line cancels out any sharps or flats from the previous measure.

What is the name of the last note?

What is the name of the last note?

What is the name of the last note?