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Pelvis and Thigh Kinesiology Flash Cards


Directions

• The first slide asks a question.

• The second slide answers the question.

• Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge.


Question

• How many bones are in the thigh?

• Name them.


Answer

• There is only one bone in the thigh.

• It is the femur.


Question

• What action at the knee does the quadriceps muscle group have?


Answer

• The quads action at the tibiofemoral (knee) joint is extension of the leg.


Question

• Place these items in order from superior to inferior: • Patella•Quadriceps femoris• Patellar ligament• Tibial tuberosity•Quadriceps tendon


Answer

• In order from superior to inferior they are:1. Quadriceps femoris

2. Quadriceps tendon

3. Patella

4. Patellar ligament

5. Tibial tuberosity


Question

• What is the longest muscle in the human body?


Answer

• The sartorius muscle, with its length spanning from the ASIS to the pes anserine.


Question

• What muscle is nicknamed the “tailor” muscle?


Answer

• Sartorius

• The nickname comes from the position that tailors stand in when working at their tall tables, which is caused by the action of the sartorius. (Slight hip flexion, slight hip abduction, hip lateral rotation, and slight knee flexion.) Stand firmly on the left leg. Laterally rotate the right leg, cross the right foot over the left, and touch the toes of the right foot to the ground, just lateral to the left foot. This comfy position is the tailor position.


Question

• Which one of the four quadriceps muscles crosses the hip joint?


Answer

• Of the quads, only the rectus femoris crosses the hip joint. All of the quads cross the knee joint.


Question

• What muscle group is the antagonist of the quadriceps?


Answer

• The hamstrings, the posterior thigh muscles, are the antagonists of the quadriceps.


Question

• Name the muscles of the hamstrings.


Answer

• Semimembranosus

• Semitendinosus

• Biceps femoris (long head and short head)


Question

• What are the medial hamstrings?


Answer

• The “Semis”– Semimembranosus– Semitendinosus


Question

• What are the lateral hamstrings?


Answer

• Biceps femoris


Question

• In general, the hamstring muscle group originates from the ischium. There is one head of the hamstring that does not originate at the ischium, but rather from the posterior femur. What is that muscle?


Answer

• The short head of the biceps femoris.– The long head indeed does attach at the

ischial tuberosity with the other hamstrings.


Question

• What muscle’s tendons make up the pes anserine?


Answer

• Semitendinosus

• Gracilis

• Sartorius

Mnemonic Device: Slippery Green Snakes


Question

• Where will you find the pes anserine?


Answer

• At the medial, proximal portion of the tibia, just distal to the knee joint.


Question

• What muscle, whose name means graceful, is the most medial muscle of the thigh?


Answer

• The gracilis


Question

• What muscle is the prime mover of flexion of the hip?


Answer

• The iliopsoas


Question

• What two muscles combine to make the iliopsoas?


Answer

• The iliacus and the psoas major.


Question

• What part of the iliopsoas attaches at the anterior portion of the 12th thoracic vertebra and all lumbar vertebra?


Answer

• The psoas major origin


Question

• What part of the iliopsoas attaches to the iliac fossa?


Answer

• The origin of the iliacus muscle


Question

• What is the insertion of the iliopsoas?


Answer

• The lesser trochanter of the femur


Question

• What is the only bone to have trochanters?


Answer

• The femur


Question

• Which muscle of the quadriceps muscle group is synergistic with the iliopsoas?


Answer

• The proximal part of the rectus femoris also has flexion of the hip as an action, making the iliopsoas and the rectus femoris synergists.


Question

• Where are the deep six lateral rotators located?


Answer

• The deep six lateral rotators are found deep to the gluteus maximus.


Question

• What is the action of the deep six lateral rotators?


Answer

They laterally rotate the thigh at the hip.


Question

• Name the “deep six” lateral rotators, from superior to inferior.


Answer

1. Piriformis

2. Gemellus superior

3. Obturator internus

4. Gemellus inferior

5. Obturator externus

6. Quadratus femoris


Question

• What attachment point do the deep six lateral rotators fan out from?


Answer

• The greater trochanter


Question

• What is the only muscle to truly cross the sacroiliac joint?


Answer

• The piriformis


Question

• What muscle can entrap the sciatic nerve, causing pseudo sciatica?


Answer

• The piriformis muscle


Question

• What is the origin of the piriformis muscle?


Answer

• The anterior sacrum


Question

• What is the origin of the rectus femoris?


Answer

• The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)Note: It is the anterior inferior iliac spine, AIIS.


Question

• What is the insertion of the biceps femoris?


Answer

• The head of the fibula


Question

• Where will you find the iliotibial band?


Answer

• On the lateral thigh, superficial to the vastus lateralis muscle.


Question

• What two muscles blend into the iliotibial (IT) band at its superior portion?


Answer

• Anteriorly, the tensor fascia lata blends with the IT band.

• The gluteus maximus blends with the IT band from the posterior.


Question

• What is the superior attachment of the IT band?


Answer

• The superior attachment for the IT band is the iliac crest.


Question

• What is the inferior attachment of the IT band?


Answer

• The inferior attachment of the IT band is the lateral proximal tibial shaft, at a point known as Gerdy’s tubercle.


Question

• What two joints does the IT band cross?


Answer

• The hip and the knee.