Autoloading since 5.0
Namespaces since 5.3
Global Namespace
<?php
class Grid {
//...
}
<?php
class Grid {
//...
}
You organize your files
using folders
Organize your classes using namespaces
With Namespaces
<?php
namespace DataViews;
class Grid {
//...
}
<?php
namespace Charting;
class Grid {
//...
}
Sub-Namespaces<?php
namespace AcmeInc\Charting;
class Grid {
//...
}
<?php
namespace AcmeInc\DataViews;
class Grid {
//...
}
<?php
$dataView = new \AcmeInc\DataViews\Grid;
$chart = new \AcmeInc\Charting\Grid;
Importing Namespaces<?php
namespace Lorem;
class Foo
{
function __construct()
{
echo "I'm a Foo.\n";
}
}
<?php
namespace Ipsum;
class Bar
{
function __construct()
{
echo "I'm a Bar.\n";
}
}
<?php
require_once('foo.php');
require_once('bar.php');
use Lorem\Foo;
use Ipsum\Bar;
new Foo;
new Bar;
Aliasing Namespaces<?php
namespace Lorem;
class Foo
{
function __construct()
{
echo "Lorem Foo.\n";
}
}
<?php
namespace Ipsum;
class Foo
{
function __construct()
{
echo "Ipsum Foo.\n";
}
}
<?php
require_once('lorem.php');
require_once('ipsum.php');
use Lorem\Foo as LorumFoo;
use Ipsum\Foo as IpsumFoo;
new LorumFoo;
new IpsumFoo;
Before
Autoloading:
The Dark AgesDe Molay, last Grand Master of
the Knights-Templars
(Public Domain Image)
app.phpThe list of requires
could get very long!
foo.php bar.php
<?php
class Foo
{
function __construct()
{
echo "I'm a Foo.\n";
}
}
<?php
class Bar
{
function __construct()
{
echo "I'm a Bar.\n";
}
}
<?php
require_once('foo.php');
require_once('bar.php');
$foo = new Foo;
$bar = new Bar;
Used with permission from http://martybpix.deviantart.com/art/Fluttershy-Yay-Opening-308959593
Hurray for
__autoload!
autoloader.php
app.php
<?php
function __autoload($className)
{
$fileName = strtolower($className) . ".php";
require_once($fileName);
}
<?php
require_once('autoloader.php');
$foo = new Foo;
$bar = new Bar;
Remember: The class Foo lives in foo.php, and Bar lives in bar.php.
You can only have one
__autoload() function
Used with permission from http://mcmxvii.deviantart.com/art/lonely-puppy-63391140
spl_autoload_register
Used with permission from https://www.flickr.com/photos/ncfc/2096277438
Class
Names
File
Names
Enter PSR-0
PHP Framework Interop
Group• Called PHP-FIG
• These are the people responsible for PSR’s (PSR =
“PHP Standards Recommendation”)
Which PSR’s prescribe namespace usage?
ALL OF THEM!
PSR-0
Autoloading
PSR-1
Coding Standard
PSR-2
Style Guide
PSR-3
Logger Interface
PSR-4
Autoloading
PSR-0
namespace Vendor\(NameSpace)*;
PSR-0
namespace Vendor\(NameSpace)*;
Namespaces must start
with a vendor name
PSR-0
namespace Vendor\(NameSpace)*;
After the vendor you can
specify as many sub-
namespaces as you wish,
or none at all
PSR-0
Namespaces are converted directly to folder names.
Class names are split by underscores, and then
converted to folders and file names:
class Foo_Bar
Foo\Bar.php
namespace Lorem_Ipsum;
class Foo_Bar
Lorem_Ipsum\Foo\Bar.php
PSR-0project/
src/
AcmeInc/
FooBarPackage/
Services/
Foo.php
Bar.php
tests/
AcmeInc/
FooBarPackage/
Services/
FooTest.php
BarTest.php
Enter PSR-4
PSR-4
Namespace Prefixes
Base Directories
Got rid of the weird _ to folder name thing,
and addressed issues around case sensitivity,
but most importantly…
PSR-4
project/
src/
Foo.php
Bar.php
tests/
FooTest.php
BarTest.php
project/
src/
AcmeInc/
FooBarPackage/
Services/
Foo.php
Bar.php
tests/
AcmeInc/
FooBarPackage/
Services/
FooTest.php
BarTest.php
PSR-4
Base Directory Namespace Prefix
./project/src/ AcmeInc\FooBarPackage\Services
./project/tests/ AcmeInc\FooBarPackage\Services
PSR-4 lets you shorten
your paths.
It does not allow you use
_ to build paths.
Composer
I did a talk on Composer in
October 2013
It was light on slides and heavy on live demo.
Here’s my raw notes:
https://gist.github.com/zymsys/23c0d7824730a2aa2063
Other Notable Autoloaders
Symphony
ClassLoader
spl_autoload
Zend
AutoloaderFactory
Performance
Troubleshooting
Questions?
Thanks for joining us tonight.
See you Friday at TrueNorthPHP!
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