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各国ii各国

Music Education in

the Un雪ted Statesこ

Contem po「ary

看ssues

Edited by

J.巾e「ry Gates

THEALABAMAPROJECT

Music, SocietY, and Education in Ame「ica

PLEASE SEE APPENDIX HI

The Universfty of Alabama P「ess

TuSCaloosa and London

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This book is dedicated to the

many graduate music education

Students with whom I wo「ked at

AIabama. They knew how to care

-「about music, about thei「

Students, about each othe「,

J. 1e)「ry Gates, GeneraI Editor

田園1冒国

Copyright ◎ 1988 by

The University of Ålabama Press

hscaloosa, Alabama 3塊87

All rights reserved

Manufactured in the United States of America

Library of Congre§§ C種taloging-in-Publicafron Data

Music` education in the United States.

Based on proceedings of symposia sponsored by the Alabama PrQject: Music・ Saciety’and

Education in America.

Bibliography: P.

Indudes index

l. Music`-Instruetion and study-United States-{ongresses. I. Gates,手脆rry II・ A]a-

hama PrQject: Music, Society, and Education in America-

MT3.U5M76 1988　780:7’2973　87-5836

ISBN O-8173-0369-3 (aIk. paper)

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data is available.

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Contents

Fbreword

Part l SocioiogY Of Music Educationl. Society, Sociolog)萄nd Music Education

Max Kaplan

2. The Culture as Educator: Elements in the

Development of Individual Music‘ Preference

Albert LeBlanc

3. The Community as Educator

Barbara Kaplan

4, Creative Thinking in Music:

Approaches to Research

I℃ter R, vebster

Part ll PhiIosophy of Music Education5. OfConceptions, Miscon。eptions’and

Aesthetie Commitment

Abraham A. Schwadron

6. Aesthetics and Utility Reconciled‥ The

Importance to Society of Education in Music

Michael L. Mark

7 Tbward a Democratic Art: A Rec‘OnStruCtionist

View of Music Education

Charles B. Fbwler

8. Further Reflections on the Language Connection

Malcolm J. Tait

9. E Pluribus Unum-Music Education for the One

and the Many: Aesthetics and the Art

of Teaching

Gordon Epperson

Part i‖　P「ofessional MethodoIogY

10. Professional MethodoIogy: Introduction

Merilyn Jones

ll. The Human VAlues of Music Education

Charles Leonhard

12. Methods Courses in Music Tおcher Education

Charles Leonhard

13. MethodoIogy and Music in General Education

Gretchen Hieronymus Beall

1X

1

3

33

44

66

83

85

111

130

156

168

179

181

185

193

202

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∨川Con~enls

14. Music` Methodology for Exeeptional Childrem

Current View of Professional Activity

in Music Education and Music Therapy

Richard M. Graham

15. Music in Higher Education

Rd〕ert Glidden

蛤The S。hool and Co11ege Band: Wind Band

耽dagogy in the United States

Craig Kirchhoff

17 The Orchestra and American Education

William LaRue Jones

18. Growing Awareness: Notes from the Piano Studio

Amanda耽nick

Part iV Postsc「IPt

19. The Alabama PrQject: Its Impact and Its Future

Roosevelt Shelton, Joan ¥bld,

Mai Kelton, James Rogers, Johnny

Jacobs, William Timmons, JoyDriske11-Baklano鯖; and others

Reference s

C ontri bu tors

Index

224

240

259

277

287

297

299

303

319

320

Fo rewo rd

In 1982 the School ofMusic ofThe University ofAlabama began to benefit

from an endowed chair, the purpose ofwhich was to bring students and fac-

ulty into substantive contact with intemationally recognized authorities in

music theory or composition perfomance, muSic history; and music edu-

cation" A five-year rOtation of these areas’With performance occupying two

years of the rotation, WaS begun in the 1982-1983 academic year with Ross

Lee Finne〉l COmPOSer, in residence. During the following year, the pianist

NataIie Hinderas was based in Thscaloosa.

The initial blanning committee for the 198{」1985 music education year

蒜叢慧誌護憲護議arts and sciences; and I⊇聖垂i Mo畦, director of the SchooI of Music. The

oommittee began its work in ea.rly 1982. In the intervening year§, Dr.

Nioolosi, Dr. Kolap and Dr. Cohen were replaced by FIederic Gpossen,蓋某誌露悪霊室孝慧諾詩誌諾窯-　　　　　　　　　　臆‾　　　　　　臆-

March 1983 Dr. Gates proposed that the endowment proceeds be used

一O SuPPOrt a Series of three-Week residencies, four symposia with presen-

tations by additional experts, a COnCluding symposium, and a publication

which would contaln papers written by those invited for the residencies and

symposia. It was proposed that each symposium focus on a di鉦3rent SPe-

cia]ization but that all treat foundational areas of music education. The cal-

endar as it actualIy tock ulace appears below It is substantially the same as

that proposed by the committee in September 1983 and approved by the

board oftrustees in December ofthat year.

September 20--October 7 1984: Charles Leonhard,

University of IIlinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Symposium I-Pγ(垂ssioI)al MetんodoZogリーOctober 6--7

Merilyn Jones, Chairman, University of Alabama

憾開　　聞閉

Gretchen H. Beall, University of CoIorado

詫嵩謹嵩諜慧‡Riぐhard Graham, Unjversity of Georgia

M^′eml則l-19, 1984: Max KapIan, SacioIogist, gerOntOIogist, and

musie educator, Aubum, Alabama.

S)′mPOSium II-Socjoめgg Qr肌‘S書c Ed�Ca海0-November 16-17

J.脆「ry Gates, Chairman, University of Alabama

M曲【 Kaplan

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×　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　l Fore word

Albert LeBlanc, Michigan State University

Barbara Kaplan, Auburn University

be N. Prince, National Endowment for the Arts

聖E|¥堕b±空事ase-1鳴stem Reserve University

January 13一陣bruary 3, 1985: Cli紐ord Madsen, Florida State University

Symposium I重I-Researc九in肌JSic Behot)わJ」Fめruary l-2

CaroI Prickett, Chairman, University ofAlabama

Cli鯖ord Madsen

脆rry Kuhn, Kent State University

Judith Jellison, University of脆xas

Harriett Hair, University of Georgia　　　　　　　　　,

Comelia Yarbrough, Syracuse University

March 17-Apri1 5, 1985: Abraham Schwadron,

University of Califomia at Los Angeles

Symposium IV-P茄bso加g Qr MtJSjc EdtJCatio71-Marc‘h 30一七I

Dennis C. Monk, Chairman, University ofAlabama

坐rahaIn臆S坐u如ron

Malcolm “fait, Cleveland Music SchooI Settlement

J. H. Kwabena Nketia, University of Pittsburgh

Michael Mark, Tbwson State University

Gordon Epperson, University of Arizona

Charles Fbwler, COnSultant, author, editor-Ⅵなshington, D, C.

(This symposium was held in Mobile, at the biennial convention oftheSouthem Division of the Music‘ Educators National Conf料ence. )

Apri1 26-上場, 1985, CIosing symposium: Max Kaplan, Charles Leonhard,

Cli餓〕rd Madsen, Abraham Schwadron, members ofthe committee, and

graduate students in music education-Guntersville State Park, Alabama

The publication first proposed was a sing]e book buiIt around the sym-

posium topics and c‘Ontaining papers written for it by the symposium mem-

bers. Subsequently, a tWO-book plan was approved, with the second volume

containing previous!y unpublished reports by twenty-Six ofthe field’s top ex-

perimental researchers. It was also decided that further papers wou]d be so-

1icited for the first book on certain topics not covered in Symposium I.

Invitations to write on these topics were accepted by Amanda耽nick, Uni-

versity of Alabama (on studio instruction) and Craig Kirchhofl; Ohio State

Unjversity (on bands).

録S!C Educatio扉�‘he U融ed S加res: CorltempOrarg JsstJeS, then, Can

be characterized as a foundational reference in music education. Sixteen

mdyor theorists and practitioners in the field of music education have con-

tributed an essa〉′ On the topic ofthe symposium to which they had been in-

vited, Stating what issues confi-Ont the field currently and suggesting ways

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that the field should meet the challenges ofresoIving these issues in the near

鼻書ture.

ach was asked to treat the topic ln PreSentation style’’at the symposia◆　　　``

but to write for the pub]ication diiferently This, then, is not a book ofpro-

ceedings. Each section of Mt‘Sfo EdαCatわ証高fe U融ed S細es was edited

by the corresponding symposium chairman in ∞nSultation with the pr(*ct

headliners. The companion volume, Ap擁coきious Q笹esearc信"肌‘Sic Be-

庇証or edited by哩g± M吐nd CaroI Prickett, COntains the papers

read at a March 1985 meeting in Fbrt Worth,脆xas, five ofwhich had been

resented at Symposium III.

It is falr to say that the AIabama Prqject not only reached students and

faculty at the University of Alabama’in and out of the SchooI of Music; it

also touched teachers and students in schooI systems in Alabama. Through

the divisional convention of the Music Educators National Conf料ence

(MENC), its resources were oifered to music educators of the Southeast.

Aubum University’s Department of Music presented a lecture series by the

four pr(房Ct headliners. The residencies alone ac∞unted for more than 130

presentations, SPeeChes’Clinics’addresses, and individual consultations’aS

well as many infomal meetings. The symposia added more. In the publi-

cations, the University of Alabama o鰐rs to the field of music education a

needed current repository of exempla「y theoretical writing and experimen-

tal research reporting from the United States"

With thanks to those who made this rare experience possible, and with

gratitude to those many who made it work’We commend these publications

to our colleagues.

J.脆rry Gates

PrQject Direc`tOr and General Edito・