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MINI PROJECT REPORT

On

SYNOPSIS OF GSM BASED ELECTRONIC NOTICE BOARD

SUBMITTED BY: Ashutosh Singh

0821331024Akash Chandel

0821331005

BTech ECE 4th Year

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Hindustan Institute of Technology32, 34, Knowledge Park-III, Greater Noida, U.P

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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1. Acknowledgement

2. Introduction

3. Methodology

4. Scope of Work

5. Aims of GSM electronics board

6. Objectives of the GSM electronics board

7. Theoretical Background

8. GSM architecture

9. GSM frequencies

10.Main Cellular Standards

11.Literature Review

12.Network Structure

13.Subscriber Identity Module(SIM)

14.Tentative model to be employed

15.Main Circuit Diagram

16.Programmer

17.Conclusion

INTRODUCTIONII

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GSM and GPRS based Designs have developed another innovative and

Public utility product for mass communication . This is a Scrolling (Moving)

Message Electronic Display Board which displays the messages received as

SMS or GPRS Packets. Such Displays can be kept at different

parts of the city and the messages like Advertisements, News. Public can

send flash information from Mobiles or PCs to these displays for instant

viewing. These displays are designed to quickly display large amounts of

information in the liquid crystal display. Wireless communication has

announced its arrival on big stage and the world is going mobile . We

want to control everything and without moving an inch. This remote control

electronic notice board is possible through Embedded Systems. The use of

“Embedded System in Communication” has given rise to many interesting

applications that ensures comfort and safety to human life. The main aim of

the project will be to design a SMS electronic display toolkit which can

replace the currently used programmable electronic display. The message to

be displayed is sent through a SMS from an authorized mobile phone. The

toolkit receives the SMS, validates the sending Mobile Identification

Number (MIN) and displays the desired information after necessary code

conversion. The system is made efficient by SIMs so that the SMS can be

received by number of display boards in a locality using techniques of time

division multiple access. I have improved upon the currently used

programmable electronic display and tried to take advantage of the

computing capabilities of microcontroller. I envision a toolkit that will not

only display message but also can be used to do some mechanical work.

Looking into current trend of information transfer in this campus (SHARDA

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UNIVERSITY), it is seen that important notice take time to be displayed on

the notice boards. This latency is not expected in most of the cases and

must be avoided. It is proposed to implement this project at the institute

level. It is proposed to place display boards in major access points. The

electronics displays which are currently used are programmable displays

which need to be reprogrammed each time. This makes it inefficient

for immediate information transfer, and thus the display board loses its

importance. The GSM based display toolkit can be used as add-on to this

display boards and make it truly wireless. The display board programs itself

with the help of the incoming SMS with proper validation. Such a

system proves to be helpful for immediate information transfer. The system

required for the purpose is nothing but a Microcontroller based SMS box.

The main components of the toolkit include microcontroller, GSM modem.

These components are integrated with the display board and thus incorporate

the wireless features. The GSM modem receives the SMS. The AT

commands are serially transferred to the modem through MAX232. In return

the modem transmits the stored message through the wireless link. The

microcontroller validates the SMS and then displays the message in the LCD

display board. Various time division multiplexing techniques have been used

to make the display boards functionally efficient. The microcontroller

used in this case is ATMEL AT89S52 .Motorola C168 is used as the GSM

modem. In this prototype model, LCD display is used for simulation

purpose. The results presented in the thesis support the proper functionalities

and working of the system. The timing diagram suggests the response of the

modem to various AT (attention) commands.

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METHODOLOGY

The method used to carry out this project is the principle of serial

communication in collaboration with embedded systems. This is a very good

project for college, police etc. This project has a moving message display,

which will be used as the digital notice board, and also a GSM modem,

which is the latest technology used for communication between the mobile

and the embedded devices. System will work like when the user wants to

display or update the notice board, he has to send the message in his mobile

defining the messages and then the password of the system to the number of

the subscriber identity module (SIM) which is inserted in the display system

MODEM. Then, the MODEM connected to the display system will receive

the SMS, the microcontroller inside the system is programmed in such a way

that when the modem receives any message the microcontroller will read the

message from serial headphone and verify for the password, if the password

is correct then it will start displaying the messages in the display system.

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SCOPE OF WORK

We will use liquid crystal display for displaying the message; We will also

use GSM modem (Motorola c168) as my display interface. The LCD display

is limited to display 18 characters; the reason is because we are using 16 by

2 LCD. The LCD can be replacing with larger type without any

programming. I will send message from any phone irrespective of the GSM

network to the modem connected to the programmable device using a

password. The message will display on the liquid crystal display connected

to the programmable display.

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AIMS OF THE GSM ELECTRONIC

NOTICE BOARD

Uses in Banks: There is a huge mass of population which depends upon

the banks for all their monetary transactions. To keep a proper track of such

huge mass of people and their transactions this technology helps with certain

degree of effectiveness.

Uses for Traffic Control : It’s known to all of us that traffic are the good

servants of the people and also the major invention to help people but only if

it is managed well otherwise we all know Bangalore’s traffic how ridiculous

and irritating it can be. So with the use of this technology we can maintain

the flow of traffic according to the needs of the people and also considering

the availability of roads.

Uses for advertisement : We can make use of this technology to display

the different advertisement on display panels to reach the larger number of

people at a time and in the populated places like shopping malls, road sides

as well as at the theaters, discos, hotels, motels, restaurants etc… about their

products and features.

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Uses in Educational sector : Currently in Nigeria we are relying on the

old style of displaying news by hanging bare time consuming papers on the

notice board which can be replaced by remote controlled notice boards at the

colleges and universities, also at the time of examination scheduling and

result publishing etc.

Information purpose: It would be wiser to make a use of this technology

for information purpose like news and its updates, real time reporting, live

telecasting, inclusive of various information which adds to the advanced and

busy life on daily basis.

Stock Exchange: The stock exchange is the hot topic nowadays. There

are millions of sales of shares every hours and it is very necessary to

maintain the real time services with the certain measures of reliability

because it deals with the money large number of the small or bigger

investors. With the help of this technology we can make it far easier and

reliable.

Organizations: Every organization has large number of employees who

are assigned to accomplish the various tasks and each and everything should

be documented for the future reference purpose. And also their schedules

work reports, leaves, presentation as well as distribution of salary etc…

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OBJECTIVES OF THE GSM

ELECTRONIC NOTICE BOARD

Programming of the mobile phone with AT (Attention) command

sequence

Interfacing the programming chip with the personal computer

Interfacing the programmable chip with the electronic board display

Interfacing of the mobile phone with the programmable chip

Sending messages from the remote phone to the electronic board

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THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

GSM (Global System for Mobile communications: originally from

GROUPE Spécial Mobile) is the most popular standard for mobile phones in

the world. Its promoter, the GSM Association, estimates that 80% of the

global mobile market uses the standard. GSM is used by over 3 billion

people across more than 212 countries and territories . Its ubiquity makes

international roaming very common between mobile phone operators

enabling subscribers to use their phones in many parts of the world. GSM

differs from its predecessors in that both signaling and speech channels are

digital, and thus is considered a second generation (2G) mobile phone

system . This has also meant that data communication was easy to build into

the system

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GSM ARCHITECTURE

GSM is a complex system and difficult to understand. The Mobile Station

(MS) refers to the mobile equipment . The Base Station Subsystem controls

the radio link with the Mobile Station. The Network Subsystem performs

main functions such as switching of calls between mobile users, mobility

management operations, and proper operation and setup of a network .

These functions are controlled by the Mobile Services Switching Center

(MSC).

GSM FREQUENCIES

GSM networks operate in a number of different frequency ranges (separated

into GSM frequency ranges for 2G and UMTS frequency bands for 3G).

Most 2G GSM networks operate in the 900 MHz or 1800 MHz bands. Some

countries in the Americas (including Canada and the United States) use the

850 MHz and 1900 MHz bands because the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency

bands were already allocated. Most 3G GSM networks in Europe operate in

the 2100 MHz frequency band .

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MAIN CELLULAR STANDARDS

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LITERATURE REVIEW

This project is an implementation to the idea of the wireless communication

between a mobile phone and a microcontroller. Currently the main work that

has been done on this proposed system is through serial port to the computer

but not wireless. If they want to change the message, they have to go to the

remote area with the laptop and change the message. The system has to be

reprogrammed to display new messages. But in this new design, the systems

need not be reprogrammed to display new messages because it is wireless.

The user will send SMS from his phone and it will be display on the

electronic board which is being made up of liquid crystal display. In the new

system, when new messages enter, the old messages will be deleted.

GSM was designed with a moderate level of security. The system was

designed to authenticate the subscriber using a pre-shared key and

challenge-response. Communications between the subscriber and the base

station can be encrypted.

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As we see in the above figure, there are at least three interfacing circuits,

MAX-232 with Microcontroller, LCD display with microcontroller, and

MAX-232 with GSM MODEM.

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NETWORK STRUCTURE

The network behind the GSM seen by the customer is large and complicated

in order to provideall of the services which are required.

The Base Station Subsystem (the base stations and their controllers).

The Network and Switching Subsystem (the part of the network most

similar to a fixed network). This is sometimes also just called the core

network.

The GPRS Core Network (the optional part which allows packet based

Internet connections).

All of the elements in the system combine to produce many GSM services

such as voice calls and SMS.

SUBSCRIBER IDENTITY MODULE (SIM)

One of the key features of GSM is the Subscriber Identity Module,

commonly known as a SIM card. The SIM is a detachable smart card

containing the user's subscription information and phone book. This allows

the user to retain his or her information after switching handsets.

Alternatively, the user can also change operators while retaining the handset

simply by changing the SIM. Some operators will block this by allowing the

phone to use only a single SIM, or only a SIM issued by them; this practice

is known as SIM locking, and is illegal in some countries

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TENTATIVE MODEL TO BE EMPLOYED

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MAIN CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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PRORAMMER

The programmer used is a powerful programmer for the Atmel 89 series of

microcontrollers that includes 89C51/52/55, 89S51/52/55 and many more. It

is simple to use & low cost, yet powerful flash microcontroller programmer

for the Atmel 89 series. It will Program, Read and Verify Code Data, Write

Lock Bits, Erase and Blank Check. All fuse and lock bits are programmable.

This programmer has intelligent onboard firmware and connects to the serial

port. It can be used with any type of computer and requires no special

hardware. All that is needed is a USB communication port. All devices also

have a number of lock bits to provide various levels of software and

programming protection. These lock bits are fully programmable using this

programmer. Locks bits are useful to protect the program to be read back

from microcontroller only allowing erase to reprogram the microcontroller.

Major parts of this programmer are USB Port, Power Supply and Firmware

microcontroller. Serial data is sent and received to this programmer through

the USB connector. Most today’s computer has a USB connector. All the

programming ‘intelligence’ is built into the programmer so no need of any

special hardware to run it. Programmer comes with window based software

for easy programming of the devices.

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CONCLUSION

The prototype of the GSM based display electronic notice board can be

efficiently designed. This prototype has facilities to be integrated with a

display board thus making it truly mobile. The toolkit accepts the SMS,

stores it, validates it and then displays it in the LCD module. The SMS is

deleted from the phone each time it is read, thus making room for the next

SMS. The major constraints incorporated are the use of ‘*’ as the

termination character of the SMS and the display of one SMS as at a time.

These limitations can be removed by the use of higher end microcontrollers

and extended RAM. The prototype can be implemented using commercial

display boards. In this case, it can solve the problem of instant information

transfer in this campus(SHARADA UNIVERSITY).

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