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CNI Spring 2016 Membership MeetingSan Antonio TX

Linked Data Implementations—Who, What and Why?

Karen Smith-YoshimuraOCLC Research

International Linked Data Surveys for Implementers

International Linked Data Surveys for Implementers

201448

2015

71

Number of institutional responses

Both29

Geographic breakdown of 90 responding institutions

20 countries represented

USA

Spain

UK

The Netherlands

Norway

Canada

Australia

France

Germany

Italy

Switzerland

Austria

Czech Republic

Hungary

Ireland

Japan

Malaysia

Portugal

Singapore

Sweden

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Linked Data Survey Respondents

Academic library

National library Network Government Scholarly Public Library Museum Other0

5

10

15

20

25

2014 2015

Responding institutions by type

Academic library

National library

Network

Government

Scholarly

Public Library

Museum

Other

31%

20%14%10%

8%7%

4% 6%

2015 responding institutions by type

2015 2014Not yet in production 37 27

Less than one year 19 13

More than one year, less than two years 10 12

More than two years 46 24

How long linked data project or service in production

Total 112 76

2015 2014Consume linked data 38 25

Publish linked data 10 4

Both consume & publish 64 47

How linked data is used

Reasons for publishing linked data 2015 2014Expose to larger audience on the Web 67 45Demonstrate what could be done with datasets as linked data 59 41Heard about linked data and wanted to try it out by exposing our data as linked data. 43 21See if publishing linked data would improve our Search Engine Optimization (SEO.) 29 9

Types of data published as linked data

Authority files

Bibliographic data

Data about musuem objects

Datasets

Descriptive metadata

Digital collections

Encoded archival descriptions

Geographic data

Ontologies/vocabularies

Other

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

SOME EXAMPLES IN PRODUCTION

North Rhine-Westphalian Library Service Center

http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/

http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/

http://bnb.data.bl.uk

http://bnb.data.bl.uk/

http://kn.ndl.go.jp/

http://kn.ndl.go.jp/

https://linkedjazz.org/

https://linkedjazz.org/

Barriers to publishing linked data 2015

Steep learning curve for staff 40

Inconsistency in legacy data 33

Selecting appropriate ontologies to represent our data 31

Establishing the links 27

Little documentation or advice on how to build the systems 21

Reasons for consuming linked data 2015 2014

Provide our users with a richer experience. 51 35

Enhance our own data by consuming linked data from other sources. 50 37

More effective internal metadata management. 32 16

Greater accuracy and scope in our search results 27 12

See if consuming linked data would improve our Search Engine Optimization (SEO). 19 12

Experiment with combining different types of data into a single triple store. 17 15

Heard about linked data and wanted to try it out by using linked data sources. 17 13

2015 linked data sources most consumed 2015VIAF (Virtual International Authority File) 41DBpedia 36GeoNames 35id.loc.gov 35Resources we convert to linked data ourselves 17Getty's AAT 16FAST (Faceted Application of Subject Terminology) 15WorldCat.org 15data.bnf.fr 12Deutsche National Bib Linked Data Service 12

PROFILES OF MOST CONSUMED SOURCES CITED

VIAFhttp://viaf.org

Combines multiple name authority files into a single OCLC-hosted name authority service.

More than 100,000 requests/day

Size: 500 million – 1 billion triples

Consumes:• GeoNames• id.loc.gov• ISNI• Wikidata• WorldCat.org• WorldCat.org Works

RDF Vocabularies/Ontologies:• Bibliographic Ontology• Dublin Core & DC Terms• FOAF• Owl 2 Web ontology • RDF schema• Schema.org• SKOS

http://viaf.org/

id.loc.govEnables developers to interact with vocabularies found in data & standards promulgated by LC as linked data.


Size: 100 million – 500 million triples

Consumes:• AGROVAC• data.bnf.fr• DNB’s Linked Data Service • id.loc.gov• VIAF• Wikidata• WorldCat.org Works• Resources we convert to linked data ourselves

RDF Vocabularies/Ontologies:• BibFrame• FOAF• MADS/RDF• RDF schema• SKOS

Getty’s AAThttp://vocab.getty.edu

A structured vocabulary for generic concepts related to art and architecture.



Consumes: None RDF Vocabularies/Ontologies:• Bibliographic Ontology• Dublin Core & DC Terms• FOAF• Local vocabulary• Owl 2 Web ontology language• RDF schema• SKOS

http://vocab.getty.edu/

FASThttp://id.worldcat.org/fast/Adapts LC Subject Headings with a simplified syntax to retain LCSH’s rich vocabulary while making the schema easier to understand, control, apply and use .

10,000 – 50,000 requests/day


Consumes:• DBpedia• GeoNames• id.loc.gov• VIAF

RDF Vocabularies/Ontologies:• Dublin Core & DC Terms• FOAF• Schema.org• SKOS• WSGS84 Geo Positioning

http://id.worldcat.org/fast/

WorldCat.org

OCLC has made WorldCat.org bibliographic metadata experimentally available in linked data form.


Size: 15 billion triples

Consumes:• DBpedia• FAST• VIAF• WorldCat.org

RDF Vocabularies/Ontologies:• Dublin Core• FOAF• Schema.org• SKOS

http://www.worldcat.org/

data.bnf.frMake the data produced by the Bibliothèque nationale de France more useful on the Web.

10,000 – 50,000 requests/day


Consumes:• AGROVAC• data.bnf.fr• DBpedia• DNB’s Linked Data Service• GeoNames • id.loc.gov• ISNI• VIAF• http://datos.bne.es (+ others)

RDF Vocabularies/Ontologies:• Bibliographic Ontology• Biographical Ontology• Dublin Core & DC Terms• FOAF• FRBR• ISNI• Music Ontology• OAI ORE Terms• Owl 2 Web ontology • RDA• RDF schema• SKOS• WSGS84 Geo Positioning …

http://datos.bne.es/

http://datos.bne.es/

DNB’s Linked Data Servicehttp://www.dnb.de/EN/ldsPublishes authority and bibliographic data in RDF to make the data accessible to the semantic Web community with no need to know library-specific metadata schemes.


Consumes: None RDF Vocabularies/Ontologies:• Bibliographic Ontology• Dublin Core & DC Terms• FOAF• ISBD• Owl 2 Web ontology language• RDA• RDF schema• SKOS

http://www.dnb.de/EN/lds

http://www.dnb.de/EN/lds

Barriers to consuming linked data 2015Matching, disambiguating and aligning source data and linked data resources 23Mapping of vocabulary 17

What's published as linked data is not always reusable or lacks URIs 16Lack of authority control 15Datasets not being updated 14Size of RDF dumps 12

Understanding how data is structured before using it 12

What would you do differently? 2015Have more time allocated for its development 38

Would do nothing differently 30

Get more staff 28

Get wider organizational support 23

Have more realistic expectations 12

• Focus on what you want to achieve, not technical stuff.• Build on what you have that others don’t.• Pick a problem you can solve.• Model data that solves your use cases.• Consider legal issues from the beginning.• Read as widely as possible, consult community experts.• Have a good understanding of linked data structure,

available ontologies and your own data.• Strive for long-term data reconciliation & consolidation.• Involve your institution/community.• Experiment and start small.• Start now! Just do it!

Advice from the implementers

Full details of responses http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/activities/linkeddata/oclc-research-linked-data-implementers-survey-2014.xlsx

http://www.oclc.org/content/dam/research/activities/linkeddata/oclc-research-linked-data-implementers-survey-2014.xlsx



SMTogether we make breakthroughs possible.

Thank you!Contact: Karen Smith-Yoshimura

CNI Spring 2016 Membership Meeting, San Antonio TX4 April 2016

[email protected]

@KarenS_Y

©2016 OCLC. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Suggested attribution: “This work uses content from Linked Data Implementations—Who, What and Why? © OCLC, used under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.”

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