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IPv6 and Packet TracerJim Bergquist [email protected] Lakes Country Service CooperativeKaren Alderson [email protected] Academy Technical Advocacy

2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicIPv6 & Packet Tracer#1 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrPurpose of This SessionScope of this sessionTopics sufficient to give students and instructors a basic knowledge of how IPv6 worksDemos, with Packet Tracer files and lab activitiesLinks to resources that cover more IPv6 topicsTo provide a working knowledge to instructors and students for building and troubleshooting simple IPv6 networksIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public2The goal today is for you to feel comfortable building, configuring and troubleshooting small IPv6 networks.We will give you some Packet Tracer files that your students can useBecause a number of topics will be omitted, links to more resources are included in the slide deck.

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Visualizing the IPv6 Address SpaceIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicEarth drawing credit: http://flickr.com/photos/ontdesign/http://search.creativecommons.org/ Visualizing the IPv6 Address SpaceAssign one IPv6 address per grain of sandHow many grains of sand would be needed to use all IPv6 addresses?Fill Earth-sized containers with the sand128 bit addresses2 128 is a very large number

Fill hereHollowEarth-sizedcontainerIPv6 address2009:1:3:4EFF:2C:16BA:3D:B012/112SandGrain IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public4If you assigned one IPv6 address to a grain of sand, how many grains of sand would be needed to use all possible IPv6 address numbers?Start by filling an Earth-sized container 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrVisualizing the IPv6 Address SpaceThe Earth-sized containers would make 20 circles around the outer orbit of our solar system (Pluto)

Our Solar System

Blue dots are Earth- sized containers

Based on image from public image gallery at http://www.eso.org/ IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public5We would need enough Earth-sized containers to circle our Solar system 50 times at its outer diameter, which is Plutos orbit. If you would like to see the calculation, email [email protected] size of sand grains vary. So the calculation results in 20 to 50 times around the Earth at Plutos orbit 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

IPv6 Address Format and Types of AddressesMore information is available in the referenced resourcesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicWhat IPv6 Addresses Look Like128 bits are separated into eight blocks of 16 bitsEach 16-bit block is represented in hex and delimited with colons:2001:00D3:0000:2F00:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5AIn each 16-bit block, leading zeros may be removed:2001:00D3:0000:2F00:02AA:00FF:FE28:9C5A2001:D3:0:2F00:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5AIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public7IPv6 addresses are 128 bits, grouped as eight blocks of 16 bits.In hex notation, it is eight groups of four digitsLeading zeros in a block can be removed, as in the third bullet point. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrZero Compression (or Shortform)Consecutive 16-bit blocks of zeroes can be replaced with a double-colon (::)FE80:0:0:0:2AA:FF:FE9A:4CA2 can be compressed to FE80::2AA:FF:FE9A:4CA2 The multicast address FF02:0:0:0:0:0:0:2 can be compressed to FF02::2Zero compression can only be used once in a given addressOtherwise, you could not determine the number of 0 bits represented by each double-colon instanceIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public8A further shortening can be obtained by compressing two or more blocks of zeros, and representing this with the :: symbol.This may be done only once in an address. To see why (next slide) 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrTeaching TipIf students have trouble seeing why only one double colon is allowed, give them an example of what would happen if you allowed it. The following two addresses could both be shortened to the third address, so there would be ambiguity2001:0:0:0:355:0:0:72001:0:0:355:0:0:0:72001::355::7NOT ALLOWEDIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public9If you allowed two of the :: in an address, more than one IPv6 address could be represented by that shortform.We would lose the one-to-one relationship. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrIPv6 Address Prefix LengthAn address prefix is indicated by the prefix length following a / at the end of the address. Example: 2001:DB8:0:2F00:2AA:FF:FE28:9C5A/64The prefix length (number of upper bits) is 64This means the lower 64 bits are used for hostsIt is used the same way as CIDR in IPv4Subnet masks are not used in IPv6IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public10IPv6 uses CIDR notation, as IPv4 does. IPv6 does NOT use subnet masks. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrTeaching TipsTo remove the mystery from numbers like B and D3ATo see why 32 hex digits represents 128 binary bitsTo understand where the network and host portion are, using a classless designation, /To understand how stateless autoconfiguration is doneWhy emphasize hexadecimal and hex-to-binary conversion?Fortunately, hex-to-binary conversion is easy

Consider having students memorize the binary equivalent of the 16 hex digitsIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public11Students should be comfortable converting hex to binary and back. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrFun Teaching FactsThe Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) will allocate from 2001::/16 for the time beinghttp://www.zytrax.com/tech/protocols/ipv6.html#global Addresses within 2001:db8::/32 are non-routable and should be used in examples given in documentation for networking scenarios or tutorialshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6 Windows 7 Server, when it is released, will have powerful VPN capabilities. IPv6 needs to be deployedhttp://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=9118322 IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public12The IANA has decided to assign IPv6 addresses from the IPv6 prefix for the time being. That is equivalent to emptying one of the Earth-sized containers before starting on another one.There is a recommended prefix for use in documentation: 2001:DB8::Real-life applications of IPv6 are gradually approaching. You can read about its use in a VPN application in Windows 7 Server in the link at the bottom. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrTypes of IPv6 AddressesUnicast (one to one)Multicast (one to many)Anycast (one to nearest, according to a metric)No broadcasts in IPv6Unicast addresses will be used in this sessionSee additional resources for other definitionsSee a description of address types

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public13To focus on the material we need for Packet Tracer labs, we will work only with unicast addresses in this session.

Designers of IPv6 addressed known vulnerabilities of IPv4. One of those known vulnerabilities is broadcast storms. If you eliminate the use of broadcast addresses, then you eliminate the possibility of broadcast storms.

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrUnicast IPv6 AddressesDifferentiated by their scope, as follows:Link-local addressesonly on single link, not routedFE80 prefixUnique-local addressesrouted only within private networkFC00 prefixGlobal unicast addressesglobally routable2001 prefix currently being issuedGlobal addresses use a 64 bit host portionIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public14We will point out each type of address when it occurs by noticing the prefix. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

IPv6 Address AssignmentIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicIPv6 Address AssignmentManually (static)Stateless auto-configurationIPv6 dhcp (Stateful autoconfiguration)Link-local addresses are configured automaticallyNo arp in IPv6. It is replaced by Neighbor Discovery (ND)Addresses can be assigned in these waysIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public16We will practice assigning addresses using the first two methods. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrIPv6 Stateless AutoconfigurationHost automatically configures its own link-local addressWith link-local address, a host discovers connected routers to obtain a global prefixA host then builds its own global unicast addressSee the provided Activity:Build an IPv6 EUI-64 address.docIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public17This is how a host can obtain an IPv6 address automatically.Three steps are involved.Details are provided in the handout, in which you and your students can manually build an EUI address using the method of stateless autoconfiguration and compare it to the address created by a Physical host or Packet Tracer host. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrStateless AutoconfigurationDHCPv6 is not required

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public18Note to Presenter: At this point, the Packet Tracer file Stateless Autoconfig.pkt can be opened and the address assignment can be illustrated. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrRouter(config)#ipv6 unicast-routingRouter(config)#int fa0/1Router(config-if)#ipv6 addr 2001:db8::/64 eui-64Router(config-if)#ipv6 enableRouter(config-if)#no shutStateless AutoconfigurationOnly the network part of the address is suppliedin the ipv6 address commandBecause 2001:db8:: ends with ::, it is not an address. The rest of the address is supplied by the eui-64 process.eui stands for extended unique identifierIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public19When configuring the interface, only the network portion is supplied in the command.Stateless autoconfiguration is used on interfaces that have MAC addresses.The ipv6 enable command automatically configures an IPv6 link-local unicast address on the interface while also enabling the interface for IPv6 processing. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrStateless AutoconfigurationRouters fa0/1 interface generates its link-local address and global unicast addressRouter#sho ipv6 int briFastEthernet0/0 [administratively down/down]FastEthernet0/1 [up/up] FE80::201:42FF:FE44:3C02 2001:DB8::201:42FF:FE44:3C02IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public20The router automatically generates its link-local address (FE80).The globally routable address is generated by stateless autoconfiguration (2001).Notice that the show command includes ipv6

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrStateless AutoconfigurationOn PCs Config tab, go to Global Settings and select Auto Config button to acquire Gateway address. Note: It is the link-local address of the routers fa0/1 (It begins with FE80)Packet Tracer PCs support this

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public21You can use the GUI to set the PC to Auto Config to acquire an IPv6 default gateway. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrStateless AutoconfigurationSelect FastEthernet to check if it is set to Auto Config, and has its link-local address and an EUI address.Packet Tracer PCPacket Tracer PC line command to obtain both interface and default gateway addresses:PC> ipv6config autoconfig

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public22The FastEthernet should also acquire a globally routable address.Note: On occasion, Packet Tracer PCs do not respond, and will not acquire the address. Use regular troubleshooting techniques, starting by power-cycling the PT PC. You may need to restart PT.You can also assign the interface and gateway addresses at the command line. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrCommands for Students to Compareshow ip interface briefshow ipv6 interface briefshow ip routeshow ipv6 routeshow ip protocolsshow ipv6 protocols

Differences in RIP and IPv6 RIP (RIPng)(see example in this presentation)

Differences in OSPF and IPv6 OSPF (OSPFv3)(see example in this presentation)IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public23Before we look at some working examples, lets compare some differences between IPv4 and IPv6 commandsAlert your students that they need to use the IPv6 version of commands to see IPv6 configurations and routing tables.The differences in the routing protocols will be shown in the Packet Tracer examples. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrPing Command for IPv6In Cisco routers, it is pingIn Packet Tracer routers, it is pingIn Packet Tracer PCs, it is pingIn Windows XP, it is ping6

Note: With PT PCs, if you type an IPv6 address incorrectly, for example with a semicolon, ping will become unresponsive

Windows XP will report Host not foundIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public24There is one difference in the ping command for IPv6. Windows XP uses ping6 for testing IPv6 networks.(Not on slide)- The ping ipv6 command works, too. If used, the router attempts to resolve hostnames into IPv6 addresses before trying to resolve them into IPv4. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrPacket Tracer ipv6config CommandUsed in Packet Tracer PCs. Similar to ipconfig

In Windows XP:C:\ ipv6 installinstall the protocol stackC:\ ipconfigdisplay IPv4 and IPv6 addressesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public25ipv6config shows the IPv6 address of the Packet Tracer PCs Fastethernet interface and the gateway.Windows XP uses ipconfig to show addresses for both protocols. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Demo: IPv6 RIP(RIPng)RIPng (Next Generation) is a name used to describe IPv6 RIPIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNote to Presenter: RIPng (Next Generation) is a name used to describe IPv6 RIP. Cisco does not have a command called RIPng, although some operating systems (Junos) do. The Cisco global command is ipv6 router rip CIRCUS, where CIRCUS is a process name you define. 26 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrConnectivity Using IPv6 RIPStatic addresses are used between routers.Stateless autoconfiguration is used for hosts.

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public27Note to Presenter: The PT file IPv6rip.pkt can be opened to show the configurations and the results of the ping.This example uses IPv6 RIPstatic addresses are used between the routers, stateless autoconfig for the hostsThe FC00 prefix indicates that these are unique-local addresses, not globally routable.

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrGlobal Commandsipv6 unicast-routing (enable IPv6)ipv6 router rip CIRCUS (define a process called CIRCUS)

Configure IPv6 RIP on each routerNote: The global commandipv6 router rip CIRCUSwill be automatically configured by the router when IPv6 RIP is configured on an interface (next slide)

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public28ipv6 unicast-routing enables IPv6 on the router.A process name, CIRCUS, is defined for the IPv6 RIP on the router. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrInterface Commands- Static Addressipv6 enableipv6 addr FC00:2::1/112ipv6 rip CIRCUS enableno shut

Note: The IPv4 RIP global network command is not used with IPv6 RIP

Configure interconnecting interfaces on the two routers(example, on fa0/0 of Router1)IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public29The same process name is used to enable IPv6 RIP on interfaces.No network command is needed with IPv6 RIP. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrInterface Commands- Auto Configipv6 enableipv6 addr FC00:3::/64 eui-64ipv6 rip CIRCUS enableno shut

Note: Ensure that the PCs are set for Auto Config in the Config TabNote: The process name CIRCUS is user-defined and is local to the router. You can use a different process name on a neighboring routerConfigure the router LAN interfaces and the PCs with Auto Config (example, on fa0/1 of Router1)IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public30The same process name is used to enable IPv6 RIP on interfaces.No network command is needed with IPv6 RIP.NOTE to Presenter: I removed the FYI about the line command to set a static address on the PC, because PT is not handling static addresses for PCs reliably yet. Here is an example, though, for reference:Note: Packet Tracer PC line command for static IPv6 address assignment:PC> ipv6config FC00:1::2/112 FC00:1::1 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Ping from PC1 to PC0Note: The colon, : following the address is merely part of the ping outputIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public31The ping is successful.Notice the colon after each address in the Reply lines. That is merely part of the output of the ping command. It is not part of an IPv6 address. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Demo or Lab: IPv6 OSPF(OSPFv3)Packet Tracer files and labs are included with the conference materialsIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNote to Presenter: The file CCNP Lab 8-1.pkt can be opened to show configurations and the ping command. The last slide in this section gives examples of some commands that will help the audience.32 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrConfiguring OSPF for IPv6Based on CCNP- BSI Lab 8-1

PingHereIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public33This OSPFv3 example for IPv6 is based approximately on lab 8-1 in CCNP, Building Scalable Internetworks.After describing the configuration, we will test the network with a ping to the serial interface of R1.

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrEnable IPv6 RoutingR2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing A global commandIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public34This global command is needed to enable IPv6 on the router.If OSPFv3 does not start automatically, there are debug commands that can be used. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrConfigure Loopback AddressesR1(config)# interface loopback0 R1(config-if)# ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)# ipv6 address FC00::1:1/112 Needed for OSPFv3Note: Both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are needed on the Loopback interfacesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicOSPFv3 needs to identify routers. This is most conveniently accomplished by configuring loopback interfaces with an IPv4 address. The IPv4 address will become the router ID.The loopback interfaces also need to have an IPv6 address to be recognized by OSPFv3Because of that, we configure both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses on the loopback interface.35 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrConfigure Serial AddressesR1(config)# interface serial0/0/0 R1(config-if)# ipv6 address FC00::12:1/112 R1(config-if)# clockrate 64000 R1(config-if)# no shutdown Use static addressingNote: The ipv6 enable command is unnecessary if you configure an address on an interfaceIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicEach routers serial interfaces are given static addresses with the ipv6 address command.In this case, the eui-64 argument is NOT used.The Note about the ipv6 enable command not being necessary can be explained this way: If no IPv6 commands are configured on an interface, the link-local addresses will not be formed. The IPv6 enable command allows the link-local addresses to be formed.36 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrConfigure EUI addressesR2(config)# interface fastethernet0/0 R2(config-if)# ipv6 address FC00:23::/64 eui-64 R2(config-if)# no shutdown

Configure the router FastEthernet interfacesNote: Stateless Autoconfiguration works between two routers or between a router and a hostIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public37The FastEthernet interfaces will be created using the network prefix and a number based on the MAC address. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrEnable OSPFv3R2(config)#interface loopback0 R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 R2(config-if)#interface serial0/0/0 R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 R2(config-if)#interface fastethernet0/0 R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0Enable on all interfaces, including LoopbackIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public38When using OSPFv3, it should be enabled on all interfaces that will participate. Then the process starts.Note that the process is enabled on the loopback address as well.This slide lists the commands needed on R2. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrVerify the ConfigurationFrom host PC0PC>ping FC00::12:1From router R1R1#show ipv6 ospf neighbor R1#show ipv6 route R1#show ipv6 ospf interface R1#show ipv6 protocolR1#show ipv6 ospf database R1#show run Use these commands to verify the configuration and to examine tablesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public39Note to Presenter: If the Packet Tracer file is open, some of these commands can be typed. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

ICMPv6 Packet Type Numbers

You can look at packet details with Packet TracerAlso see included Activity:Comparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packet Type numbers.docIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicLets open any IPv6 network we have in Packet Tracer and look at some ICMPv6 packets.40 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrSome ICMPv6 Type NumbersRouter Advertisement(Neighbor Discovery)- 134Specific to IPv6Sent periodically to neighborsv6 Echo Request (ping)- 128Compare with v4: Type 8v6 Echo Reply (ping)- 129Compare with v4: Type 0Activity: Use Packet Tracer in Simulation modeClick a packet to see type number

Type 134IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public41Note to Presenter: If the OSPFv3 example is still running, use it and put Packet Tracer in Simulation mode.Filter packets to show only ICMPv6The Neighbor Discovery packets are sent from routers with IPv6 enabled. Click a packet to show the type number.Start a ping and click one of those packets to see the type number. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Broken Network ExampleLets fix it!IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNote to Presenter: Open file 3 router- IPv6 RIP- broken1.pkt and use this pkt to demonstrate the various troubleshooting commands as suggested by the audience.42 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

This Network has a ProblemUses IPv6 RIPStatic IPv6 addresses between routersStateless autoconfiguration for hostsWhat IPv6 address is assigned to each PC?IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public43This uses IPv6 RIP. It uses static addresses between routers. It uses stateless autoconfiguration for hosts. What IPv6 addresses are assigned to each PC? 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

This Network has a ProblemA. sho ipv6 protocol on Routers 1 and 2B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 1 and 2C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 1 and 2D. ping from PC1 to PC0 inSimulation modeProblem is in Router1 or Router2

What do you think we should do first?IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public44Solution: there is no IPv6 address on s0/0/0 of Router2 (there is an IPv4 address, however)Please poll the attendees, after pointing out that the problem is in Router1 or Router2.Share the Desktop to show them the Packet Tracer app, and type the commands they voted for. Note: the show commands are to be done for both Router1 and Router2.If they choose answer C, they will likely see the problem.

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrThis Network has a ProblemWhat should we do next?

A. sho run on Routers 1 and 2B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 1 and 2C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 1 and 2D. sho ipv6 rip database on Routers 1 and 2IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public45If necessary, poll the attendees again, share the desktop and type the commands they vote for.If someone has spotted the problem, go to the next slide.Answers A or C will show them the problem.Go to the next slide

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrThis Network has a ProblemWhich of these is the problem?

A. Missing RIP enable command on an interfaceB. Missing IPv6 address on a serial interfaceC. ipv6 rip is not enabled globally on a routerD. Clock not set on a serial DCE interfaceIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public46Second choice, B, is what they should choose.If they do not solve it, point out missing IPv6 address on s0/0/0 of Router2 and use the PT mouse over feature or show run on Router2.Note: there is an IPv4 address on that interfaceNOTE to Presenter: Still researching why Router2 learns about the top two networks (1 and 2) by IPv6 RIP, even though the interface s0/0/0 is missing its IPv6 address and it has no link-local address. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Another Broken Network ExampleLets fix this one, too!IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNote to Presenter: Open file IPv6 RIP- broken2.pkt and use this pkt to demonstrate the various troubleshooting commands as suggested by the audience47 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrThis Network has a ProblemProblem is in Router0 or Router1

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public48Notes to Presenter: This uses IPv6 RIP. It uses static addresses between routers. It uses stateless autoconfiguration for hosts. Click on a PC, then the Config tab to find out what address has been created for a host. PC0 will have address FC00:3::290:CFF:FE98:5ED1.The Problem: It lacks the ipv6 rip CIRCUS enable command on fa0/1 of Router0.

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrThis Network has a ProblemA. sho ipv6 protocol on Routers 0 and 1B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 0 and 1C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 0 and 1D. ping from PC1 to PC0 in Simulation modeWhat should we do first?IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public49Solution: fa0/1 on Router0 does not have the RIP process CIRCUS enabled. Show run will reveal that.Please poll the attendees, after pointing out that the problem is in Router0 or Router1.Share the Desktop to show them the Packet Tracer app, and type the commands they voted for. Note: the show commands are to be done for both Router0 and Router1.If they choose answer B, they will probably be furthest ahead in troubleshooting.For the ping command, from PC1, use ping FC00:3::290:CFF:FE98:5ED1 (it wont work)

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrThis Network has a ProblemWhat should we do next?A. sho run on Routers 0 and 1B. sho ipv6 route on Routers 0 and 1C. sho ipv6 int brief on Routers 0 and 1D. sho ipv6 rip database on Routers 0 and 1IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public50Please poll the attendees again, if necessary.If they choose answer A, they will probably be furthest ahead in troubleshooting.

2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrThis Network has a ProblemWhich of these is the problem?A. Missing ipv6 rip CIRCUS enable command on an interfaceB. Missing IPv6 address on an interfaceC. ipv6 rip is not enabled globally on a routerD. Interface is shut downIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public51First choice, A, is what they should choose.If they do not solve it, point out Missing ipv6 rip CIRCUS enable command on fa0/1 of router0 and type show run on Router0. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Now You Can Configure a NetworkUse your knowledge to create a working networkIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicConfigure this Network in Packet TracerRouters and hosts need to be configuredUse the suggested networks, and IPv6 RIP

DCEIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public53Notes to Presenter: Let attendees build and configure a simple networkThe routers have no configurations.The PCs have not been set to Auto Config.To save a little time, they could be given the file Unconfigured.pkt. Then they wont have to build the network.Some hints for attendees: Remember there is a global command for IPv6 and for IPv6 RIPAsk what process name they chose (to remind them of the need for that).Did they use eui-64 on the router interface that connects to the host?Did they set the host gateway and interface to Auto Config?Did they remember basic things such as turning on interfaces and setting the clock on one serial interface?IMPORTANT: If the RIP routing does not seem to work, save the file, close and open PT. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

What You Can Do To HelpContribute your workIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicAs you build Packet Tracer networks for your class, whether IPv6 or others, you can post them to the Packet Tracer Forums.54 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrShare Your Packet Tracer Files and ActivitiesLogin to http://cisco.netacad.net >> Instructor Home Page >> Forums and ChatIn Instructor Community, click Packet TracerIf you have a Packet Tracer file (.pkt), click Discuss Best PracticesBest Practices for teaching and using PT in the classroomIf you have a Packet Tracer Activity (.pka), click Activity WizardAuthor and share activities within your postingsAdd a Discussion, describe your Packet Tracer file or Activity and attach itIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public55This slide shows two Packet Tracer Forums, for your PT files and activities. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Communicating Between IPv4 and IPv6One example of several technologiesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicStudents will ask about IPv4 to IPv6 communication. This section has one example showing a dual stack network.

56 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr1 Scott Hogg , Network World , 09/05/2007http://www.networkworld.com/news/tech/2007/090507-tech-uodate.html Communicating Between ProtocolsStudents will ask Can you communicate between IPv4 and IPv6 networks?Dual Stack (dual OSI stack)Dual stack where you can; tunnel where you must. 1TunnelingSee CCNP- BSI, Labs 8.2 and 8.3Note: PT Routers do not have the tunnel commandAddress TranslationAddress translation may not become widely used1IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public57 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrDual Stack ExampleDual stack means configuring IPv4 and IPv6 on at least one router interfaceNo special router commands neededWorks on any router that supports IPv6Main tasks:Configure IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresseson appropriate interfacesEnable RIP and IPv6 RIP routing protocols (or OSPF and OSPFv3)Note: The routing tables are separateIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public58Note to Presenter: Open the file Dual stack- both IPv6 and IPv4.pkt to demonstrate pings that work, and those that do not work. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrDual StackExampleIPv4 host can ping IPv4 host

IPv6 host can ping IPv6 hostDual stack implemented here

IPv4 and IPv6 hostIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public59All the interfaces within the bracket have both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.Both routers are running RIP version2 and IPv6 RIP.The top left network is IPv4 only.The top right network is IPv6 only.Hosts can ping each other if they share a common Internet Protocol (v4 or v6). 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrIPv4 Routing Table, Router0Router0#sho ip route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:19, FastEthernet0/1C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public60The IPv4 routing table shows only the IPv4 networks.The IPv4 1 network is learned by RIP version 2. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrIPv6 Routing Table, Router0Router0#sho ipv6 routeIPv6 Routing Table - 6 entries

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP externalR 2009:1:1::/64 [120/1] via FE80::230:F2FF:FE0D:A6CE, Serial0/0/0C 2009:1:3::/64 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/1L 2009:1:3:0:20A:41FF:FE5C:E602/128 [0/0] via ::, FastEthernet0/1C FC00:2::/112 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0L FC00:2::2/128 [0/0] via ::, Serial0/0/0L FF00::/8 [0/0] via ::, Null0IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public61The Ipv6 routing table shows only the IPv6 networks.The IPv6 1 network is learned by IPv6 RIP. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrPing from PC0 to the IPv4 PC (PC1)

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public62Both PC0 and PC1 have IPv4 addresses and there are IPv4 networks connecting them.The ping is successful. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrPing from PC0 to the IPv6 PC (PC2)

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public63Both PC0 and PC2 have IPv6 addresses and there are IPv6 networks connecting them.The ping is successful.Optional Exercise: The Presenter could go to the topology diagram or to PT again and ask: Can PC2 ping PC0 with this command: ping 192.168.1.1? Answer: NO. PC2 is not on an IPv4 network and does not have an IPv4 address. This can be tested with Packet Tracer. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Q and A

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public

List of Activities and Provided WorksheetsIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicList of Included ActivitiesStateless AutoconfigurationStateless Autoconfig.pktBuild an IPv6 EUI-64 Address.doc (A separate activity)IPv6 RIPIPv6 RIP.pktIPv6 OSPFIPv6 OSPF CCNP Lab 8-1.pktComparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 PacketsComparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packet types.docComparing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 Packet types_ANSWERS.docICMPv4 ICMPv6 packets.pkt

Packet Tracer files accompany most ActivitiesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public66 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrList of Included ActivitiesBroken Networks3 Router-IPv6 RIP-broken1.pktIPv6 RIP-broken2.pktUnconfigured NetworkUnconfigured.pkt (Configured.pkt included for reference)Dual StackDual stack-both IPv6 and IPv4.pktUpgrade IOS for PT 2620XM to support IPv6Upgrading IOS of Packet Tracer 2620XM router.docUpgrading IOS of Packet Tracer 2620XM router_ANSWERS.docNo pkt filePacket Tracer files accompany most ActivitiesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public67 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

Links to Additional InformationIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicTopics Covered in Other ResourcesWhy IPv6, and why not NAT?Time frame for implementationDetails of the parts of the addressSpecial addressesType and scope of addressesDetails of packet headerSee the links to resources and additional informationIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public69 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrTopics Covered in Other ResourcesNeighbor discoveryIPv6 ACLsSecurity with IPv6Mobility with IPv6IPv4 to IPv6 migration: dual stack, tunneling, translationCurrent deployment status of IPv6Some IPv6 sites on internetSee the links to resources and additional informationIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public70 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrAdditional InformationDeploying IPv6 Networks, Ciprian Popoviciu, Eric Levy-Abegnoli, Patrick Grosstete, Cisco Press (go to)Guide to IPv6 concepts, service implementation, and interoperabilityCisco Self-Study: Implementing Cisco IPv6 Networks, Regis Desmeules, Cisco Press (go to)Design, build, configure, and support IPv6 networksConfiguring IPv6 for Cisco IOS, Sam Brown, Eric Knipp, et al, Callisma (go to)Everything you need to monitor and troubleshoot IPv6 networksBooks and Google BooksIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public71 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrAdditional InformationRunning IPv6, Iljitsch van Beijnum (go to)How to install and operate IPv6 for Windows, Linux, Mac OSIPv6: Theory, Protocol and Practice, Peter Loshin (go to)Guide to implementation and deployment of IPv6IPv6 Advanced Protocols Implementation, Qing Li, Tatuya Jinmei, Keiichi Shima (go to)Advanced IPv6 implementation of routing, multicasting, DHCPv6, DNS, security, mobility

Books and Google BooksIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public72 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrAdditional InformationIntroduction to IPv6 Why IPv6? (go to)Overview and In-depth sectionsIntroduction to IPv6 (go to)Technology information, Design and Configuration GuidesCisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference (go to)Excellent source for learning and troubleshootingCisco IPv6 Quick Start Trial (go to)A how-to, using equipmentList of RFCs for IPv6 (go to)Useful for understanding Cisco IPv6 implementationsIPv6 documentation at cisco.comIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public73 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrAdditional InformationCisco IOS IPv6 Configuration Library (go to)Guides for implementing many IPv6 functions and protocolsIPv6 Tunneling (go to)Describes many different tunneling protocolsTunneling IPv6 through an IPv4 Network (go to)Five-router example with configurationsICMPv6 Packet Types and Codes TechNote (go to)All of the types and codes for ICMPv6 packets

IPv6 documentation at cisco.comIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public74 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrAdditional InformationIPv6 (go to)General IPv6 information, FAQ, linksgo6, (The IPv6 portal) (go to)Upcoming events, blog, wiki, newsletter, member areaIPv6 Task Force (The IPv6 Portal) (go to)Introduction, news, pressroom, RSS, IPv6 Guide, and PortalThe IPv6 Forum (go to)Events, news, book recommendations, government news, competitions, and an IPv4 Exhaustion Counter!

Portals, Forums, information sitesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public75 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrAdditional InformationIETF RFC repository (go to)Find an RFC if you know its numbernetworksorcery.com list of IPv6 RFCs (go to)Excellent searchable list, including obsoleted RFCsMicrosoft IPv6 implementation (go to)RFCs used to implement IPv6 in Windows 2003 Server and XPRFC 2460 IPv6 Specification (1998)RFC 4291- IPv6 Addressing Architecture (2006)RFC 2462- IPv6 Stateless Autoconfiguration (1998)

Useful RFCs and listsIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicAdditional InformationIPv6 Deployment Guide (go to)Detailed and indexed, 14 chaptersIPv6 Concepts from Cisco Networkers 2006 (go to)Still useful informationIPv6-Intro.ppt and IPv6-Using_in_the_Network.pptIncluding Lesson Plans for each. At Academy Connection, click File Sharing, use keyword ipv6Online resourcesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public77 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrAdditional Information and a Thank YouIPv6 cheat sheet (go to)Address ranges, ICMPv6 type numbers, header structure, moreTechnical Facts at European IPv6 Task Force (go to)Brief summary of key information. See RFC2460 for full specs.A big thank you to Dallas Shiroma, manager of Emerging Technologies, Pacific Center for Advanced Technology Training, Honolulu, HI, for permission to use of some slides in this session Online resourcesIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public78 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public

FAQ AreaIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicNote to Presenter: In case people have questions, some of these slides may help81 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrWhere is IPv6 covered in Exploration?Network Fundamentals6.3.6Routing Protocols and Concepts1.1.3, 3.1.1, 5.1.1, 10.2.3, 11.1.1, 11.7.1LAN Switching and Wirelessno coverageAccessing the WAN7.0.1, 7.3, 7.5.1 IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicWhere is IPv6 covered in Discovery?Networking for Home and Small BusinessesNo coverageWorking at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP4.1.6Introducing Routing and Switching in the Enterprise5.2.1Designing and Supporting Computer Networks6.3IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicWhat are the IPv6 Goal Areas in the CCNA Certification Exam?Use the Cisco Learning Network (go to)Find CCNA Exam Topics (login required). IPv6 topics are:Describe the technological requirements for running IPv6 in conjunction with IPv4 (including: protocols, dual stack, tunneling, etc)Describe IPv6 addresses

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicWhere is IPv6 covered in CCNP?CCNP: Building Scalable InternetworksModule 8: IPv68.1 Explaining IPv68.2 IPv6 Addressing8.3 Dynamic IPv6 Addresses8.4 IPv6 Routing8.5 Implementing and Verifying OSPFv38.6 Using IPv6 and IPv48.7 IPv6 Challenge LabsIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicWhat are the IPv6 Goal Areas in the CCNP Certification Exams?Use the Cisco Learning Network (go to)Find CCNP Exam Topics (login required). IPv6 topics are:BSCI Exam:Describe IPv6 addressing operationsDescribe IPv6 interoperation with IPv4Describe, configure or verify OSPF routing with IPv6 addressingBCMSN Exam: None explicitly listedISCW Exam: None explicitly listedONT Exam: None explicitly listed

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicHow can I keep all the IPv6 addressing rules straight?Hosts should have globally routable addresses created with stateless autoconfigurationUse 2001 prefixUse /64 eui-64 to create themSerial links between routers should not use globally routable addressesUse FC00 prefix and static addressingUse a prefix length /64However, the prefix length could also be, for example, /112IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public87 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrMore about Stateless Autoconfiguration: eui-64 processCisco uses the EUI-64 process to perform stateless auto-configurationEUI stands for extended unique identifierThis process expands the 48 bit MAC address to 64 bits by inserting FFFE (16 bits)If the chosen address is from a unique Ethernet MAC address, the universal / local (u bit) is set to 1 for global scopeOther interfaces, such as serial (no MAC address), use a different method to build the address and have the u bit set to 0 for local scopeSee http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2374.txt and http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2373.html IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public88 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrMore about Stateless Autoconfiguration: IPv6 Interface IdentifierUses MAC Address009027FFFE17FC0FFFFE00902717FC0F00902717FC0F000000U0Where U=1 = Unique0 = Not Unique029027FFFE17FC0FU = 148 bit MAC Address 64 bits become part of IPv6 addressIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public89 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrWhat is subnetting like in IPv6?Sixteen subnet bits, from /49 to /64 are given to a siteWith the 16 subnet bits, a company can have 65,535 LANsA similar concept, but many bits available

IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public90 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrDoes BGP Support IPv6?The current version of BGP is BGP4BGP4 does support IPv6See http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-idr-bgp4-ipv6-01IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicTeaching TipsRouters will accept more than one IPv6 address on an interface. An error is generated only if a network overlaps with another one on the routerStudents may make typos and enter an erroneous address, then forget to remove itAsk students to use the show ipv6 interface brief command frequently to check for thisUnless you need IPv4 configured on an interface, use only IPv6 in your initial examples so students clearly see what protocol is allowing traffic to moveIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public92 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrWhat IOS do I need to run IPv6?You need 12.0(21)T, or later, or 12.2(2)T or laterNot all functionality is included in these releasesExample: 12.3(2)T does not support IPv6 DHCPTo find out when a command was introduced, see the Cisco IOS IPv6 Command Reference (go to). Locate the command. The listing will show when it was introducedAlso see Cisco IOS Software Release Specifics for IPv6 Features (go to)The Packet Tracer 2620XM router does not support IPv6 unless you upgrade the IOS image See the Activity included with this session: Upgrading IOS of Packet Tracer 2620XM router.docIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicOne Interface, Several AddressesRouter#show run (part of output)ipv6 unicast-routing

interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0 duplex auto speed auto ipv6 address 2001:1:1::/64 eui-64 ipv6 address 2001:DB8:2::1/112 ipv6 address FC00:1:3::1/112 ipv6 address FC00:1:4::1/112Example, of IPv4 address and four IPv6 addresses, in addition to link-local address (not shown)IPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public94 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrHow well does Packet Tracer 5.1 Handle IPv6?Packet Tracer IssuesWhen creating a new network, if IPv6 RIP routing does not work, save the file, close and open PTStatic IPv6 assignments may not work reliably with hosts. They may be lost when PT file is re-opened. Use stateless autoconfiguration for all router interfaces to hostsA few issuesIf you discover one, please report itIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public95 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrTunneling Conceptual Diagram

Islands of IPv6 can communicate through the more common IPv4 cloudIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public96Routers with the tunnel command can be configured to connect IPv6 networks through an IPv4 cloud. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrTunneling Conceptual Diagram

IPv6 packet can be encapsulated in an IPv4 packetIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public97The key concept is encapsulation. In this case, an IPv6 packet is encapsulated in an IPv4 packet. The IPv4 network does not see the contents of the IPv4 packet as anything other than data.The IPv4 packet is de-encapsulated at the destination. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scrIPv4 / IPv6 TranslationTranslates packet headers from IPv6 to IPv4 (or vice versa)Translates the addresses in the headers from IPv6 to IPv4 (or vice versa)Implementation is more complex than thisSee, for example, http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/08nov/slides/behave-5.pdf IPv4 NetworkIPv6 NetworkIP and ICMPTranslatorIPv6 & Packet Tracer# 2009 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco Public98IPv4 / IPv6 translation uses a hardware or software device to translate between the protocols.IPv6 packet headers are formatted differently than IPv4 Packet headers. The translator needs to work with the packet headers as well as the address.The procedure is much more complicated than this slide shows. 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.IPv6 & Packet Tracer.scr


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