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Page 1: Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance ...zhuda/fmri_class/lectures/CIRCwelcome.pdfLeft TPJ activity in verbal working memory: Implications for storage- and sensory-specific

Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance ImagingFunctional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

PSY 992, Section 601# of Credits: 3

http://www.msu.edu/~zhuda

Meeting date and time: gTuesday and Thursday: 10:20-11:40 AM

346 Giltner Hall

Tentative office hours: Tuesday and Thursday:12 PM - 1 PM

358 Giltner Hall

David C. Zhu, Ph.D.Associate Professor of Psychology and Radiology

Cognitive Imaging Research Center

Page 2: Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance ...zhuda/fmri_class/lectures/CIRCwelcome.pdfLeft TPJ activity in verbal working memory: Implications for storage- and sensory-specific

For undergraduate students, please talk with me.

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Grading

Grading will be based on:

1 Att d L t /Di i i (10%)1. Attend Lecture/Discussion sessions. (10%)

2. Attend Lab sessions. (10%)

3. Homework assignments. (50%)

4. Project: Students will help to design and implement an fMRI project. Pilot data will be

ll t d d i th f thi t d St d tcollected during the course of this study. Students will analyze and summarize the results as their final project. (30%)

Page 4: Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance ...zhuda/fmri_class/lectures/CIRCwelcome.pdfLeft TPJ activity in verbal working memory: Implications for storage- and sensory-specific

Traditional Imaging

T1-weighted

T2-weighted

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Blood flow Cerebral blood flow (perfusion)(perfusion)

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Ventricle movement

Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics

Zhu DC, Xenos M, Linninger AA and Penn RD. D i f l t l t i l d b i l fl id iDynamics of lateral ventricle and cerebrospinal fluid in normal and hydrocephalic brains. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2006;24:756-770.

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Carotid Plaque Hemorrhage Detection and Characterization

ith 3D SHINE

≥ 28 ms T2*

with 3D SHINE

14 ms

21 ms

3D SHINE & T2* map 3D SHINE & T2* map

14 ms

7 ms

0 ms

Type II

(b) (c)(a)

Type I

( ) ( )

Zhu DC, Vu AT, Ota H, DeMarco JK. Magn Reson Med. 2010;64:1341-1351.

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The following images show the brain activation when a subject watched movies and pictures:

The following images show the brain activation when you tapped the fingers of your left hand:

Motor area

M tMotorarea

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The following movie shows the brain activation h bj h d i i dwhen a subject watched movies or pictures and

pressed his finger at the same time:

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A contrast study of scene vs face base on a group of 14 subjects:

Scene Processing

A contrast study of scene vs. face base on a group of 14 subjects:Red and yellow regions show preferential activation to scene.Blue regions show preferential activation to face.

H d JM L CL Zh DC F ll S d ti ti thHenderson JM, Larson CL, Zhu DC. Full Scenes produce more activation than close-up scenes and scene-diagnostic objects in parahippocampal and retrosplenial cortex: an fMRI study. Brain Cogn. 2008;66:40-49.

Page 11: Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance ...zhuda/fmri_class/lectures/CIRCwelcome.pdfLeft TPJ activity in verbal working memory: Implications for storage- and sensory-specific

Scene Processing

The following regions show preferential activation of indoor over outdoor scenes based on group analysis of 17 subjects:

Henderson JM, Larson CL, Zhu DC. Cortical activation to indoor versus outdoor scenes: an fMRI study.Exp Brain Res. 2007;179:75-84.

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The following regions show preferential activation of

Emotional Processing

g g pdownward triangles over upward triangles based on group analysis of 17 subjects:

Larson CL, Aronoff J, Sarinopoulos IC, Zhu DC. Recognizing threat: a simple geometric shape activates neural circuitry for threat detection. J Cogn Neurosci. 2009 Aug;21(8):1523-35.

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Left TPJ activity in verbal working memory: Implications for storage- and sensory-specific models of short term memory

1 1

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

High Object

High Verbal

Low Object

Low Verbal0.4

0.6

0.8

1a Left IFG/MFG d SMAd

t sig

nal c

hang

e

t sig

nal c

hang

e

1

‐0.2

0

0.2

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

Low Verbal

‐0.2

0

0.2

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

1

Perc

ent

Perc

ent

Enc Mt Ret Enc Mt Ret

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0.4

0.6

0.8

1b Left motor e Left insula/IFG

nt s

igna

l cha

nge

nt s

igna

l cha

nge

‐0.2

0

0.2

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 ‐0.2

0

0.2

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40a f

Perc

en

Perc

en

Enc Mt RetEnc Mt Re

t

f Right cerebellum

Ravizza SM, Hazeltine E, Ruiz S, Zhu DC. Neuroimage. 2011;55:1836-46.

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Flanker Study: “>>> < >>> - >>>>>>>”, “Incongruent Congruent” Contrast

Aging Study

“Incongruent – Congruent” Contrast

Investigate the network for interference resolution.

65

>

(voxel based p ≤ 0.005, whole brain corrected p ≤ 0.021)

543210-1-2

Younger adults Older adults

2-3-4-56-6<

Zhu DC, Zacks RT, Slade JM. Brain activation during interference resolution in young and older adults: an fMRI study. Neuroimage. 2010;50:810-817.

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Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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The Integration of Structural (DTI) and

Seed Region #1: pC/rsp (posterior cingulate/retrosplenial cortex)

Functional (Resting-State fMRI) Connectivity Analyses

Group Integration(17 subjects): pC/rsp( j )Whole-brain corrected P < 0.0325 for fMRI.

pC/rsp

Mean structural normalized connectivity distribution > 10-4

MeFC/ACC(Medial Frontal Cortex/Anterior Cingulate Cortex)

distribution > 10 4.

Zhu DC and Majumdar S. Journal of Neuroimaging. In Press.

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A happy volunteer after surviving an fMRI session

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Data acquisitionPulse sequence development

Type of Research Focus

- Pulse sequence development- Image reconstruction technique development- Coil development

Data analysis- Statistical method- Data mining- Resting state

Visualization- Pattern recognition- Human-computer interfacesHuman computer interfaces

Applications- Normal aging Resting state Alzheimer- Normal aging, Resting state, Alzheimer.-Visual, Language, Executive processing, Memory- …………

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http://www.circ.msu.edu

Investigators

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How would I get around to start an fMRI project?How would I get around to start an fMRI project?

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Engineering ProcessEngineering Process

Cognitive Neuroscience Question

fMRI Q ti

Experimental Design

fMRI Question Looping

D t A i iti

Pilot Data

F ll

Data Analysis

Data AcquisitionFull

Time & $

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Experimental Design

Implementation

Quality Assurance (QA)

iIntegration Test

First Subjectj

Review Result

Three or Four more Subjects

Evaluate Preliminary ResultsEvaluate Preliminary Results

Full data collection

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Some Paper Works for a New fMRI Project

• IRB approval.

• Reviewed by the MRI Review Committee in

Radiology. Please contact Scarlett Doyle (our MR

research technologist) for paper work.

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S f tS f tSafetySafety

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Reading assignment for this week:

Chapters 1-2Chapters 1 2.


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