Approaches to Improving Information Literacy in Ubiquitous Environments
By: Zainal A. Hasibuan
University of Indonesia
MTI October 2009
Background and Motivation Indonesia is geographically vast – 17.000
islands create islands of information literacy. Deployment of ICT in the ubiquitous and
heterogeneous systems: different data format, different platforms and different protocols – interconnectivity.
Large volume of digital information creating, collecting, processing, and disseminating - lack of visibility and accessibility.
Problems and Challenges Low participation rate to enter HEI: it is around 17%. Lack of relevance study program. In 2007, there are
113 sp were closed and 761 new sp were open. Lack of relevance graduates. The unemployment rate
for bachelor degree holders increased from 183,629 to 409, 890.
Lack of quality resources sharing (information, facility, human, budget etc.).
Regional disparities and inequities that create digital divide, information divide, and knowledge divide.
Solution is to improve information literacy
WHAT IS INFORMATION LITERACY? “Ability to locate, organize, evaluate and use
information” “ … as a key set of skills that people will need in
the information age”. “... initiates, sustains, and extends lifelong
learning through abilities that may use technologies”
"A new liberal art that extends from knowing how to use computers and access information to critical reflection on the nature of information itself, its technical infrastructure and its social, cultural, and philosophical context and impact."
Objectives of Information Literacy Initiatives
Improving number of information literate in HEI’s students.
Widening accessibility to various information sources through building up one-stop system.
Increasing availablity of digital information sources through endorsment of local content creation.
Establishing ICT infrastructures through out the country.
Improving the quality of human resources through quality of education.
Approaches to Improve Information Literacy
Empowering HEI associations to go beyond disciplines and professions – sharing information sources and course materials
Empowering forum of HEI libraries Aligning government strategies, especially
Ministry Of Education strategies to widening access and improve quality of education
Developing a concrete programs: Digital Library Applications and E-Learning, digital content
Aligned Government Policy and Investment to Information Literacy Initiatives
Issuing decree of education that allows ICT-based education programs.
Issuing decree of electronic information transaction that allows fee-based document interchange, course interchange.
Developing high speed internet infrastructure among HEI
Developing one-stop place to find educational information – electroning education bursa
High Speed Internet: Indonesian Higher Education Networks (INHERENT)
Development Programs
Developing digital library applications Developing e-learning system Developing digital local content: online
catalogue, digitalization of documents, online course materials, etc.
Developing interlibrary loan among HEI libraries
LONTAR: Distributed Digital Library Application at University of Indonesia
LONTAR: Distributed Digital Libary Application at UI
LONTAR integrates the concepts of library automation, distributed library system, digital library system and context sensitive information retrieval as its search engine Virtual one-stop place to find information
in the distributed library systems Encourage library resource sharing
Characteristics of Lontar Transportability, interconnectivity and
interoperability Dynamic field of MARC Record SMS gateway Resource sharing among libraries Import & Export with ISO2709
compliance Support for internationalizations of
language Easy to connect with other information
systems
SPEKTRA: Library Automation and Digital Content Management System
Windows based application deployable in remote areas
Low cost maintenance Union catalogue with batch mode updating Interlibrary Services among members of
InCU-VL (Indonesian Christian Universities Virtual Library)
IndonesiaDLN: Networks of Digital Libraries in Indonesia
Lead by Bandung Institute of Technology
Open source and Open Archives Initiative
Metadata harvesting of digital collections
Involve many HEI.
Standard dan Interconnectivity
Standard for electronic resources: Dublin Core
Standard Protocol untuk interconnectivity– OPEN Archive Initiative (OAI)-PMH– Z39.50
Standard data interchange in the Web: XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
Scele: E-learning System at University of Indonesia
Hybrid and dual mode system Replacing few class sessions Course content:
– Text– Audio– Video
Accessible through internet
PCU Camel: Petra’s E-learning System
Enhancing conventional teaching and learning
Accessible through internet Course based, not yet program based.
Messenger Server
Data :- Diskusi
File Server
Student Data :- Activities- Quiz- Examination
SCELE: UI e-Learning System
Network(Intranet & Internet)
Student
Tutor (on-line 24 hours)
Digital Library
Web Server
e-Mail Server
The Design of HEIs Collaborations Through Grid Technology
The Design of e-Learning Resource Sharing in HEI
Education InGrid: Collection of Intellectual Capital
HEI: A
ExperiencedLecturers
HEI: BGood
LearningMaterials
HEI: CExcellence
Researchers
HEI: DIndustryLinkages
HEI: XOwn
LicensedProducts
PT X PT Y PT X PT Y PT X PT YPT X PT Y PT X PT Y PT X PT Y
HEI X HEI Y HEI Z HEI P HEI Q HEI R
(Source APTIKOM, 2008)
E-Learning System in Higher Education Institutions
Name of the Higher Education Institution Website Address1 Universitas Indonesia (University of
Indonesia)scele.ui.ac.id,
cml.ui.ac.id
2 Institut Teknologi Bandung (Bandung Technology Institute)
kuliah.itb.ac.id
3 Universitas Gadjah Mada (University of Gadjah Mada)
i-elisa.ugm.ac.id
4 Universitas Bina Nusantara (University of Bina Nusantara)
ebinus.com
5 Universitas Terbuka (Open University) ut.ac.id
External Forces To Develop Information Society
KONFERENSI TINGKAT TINGGI
TENTANG MASYARAKAT INFORMASI
(WORLD SUMMIT ON THE INFORMATION SOCIETY - WSIS)
http:/www.itu.int/wsis/
WSIS adalah ttg: Deklarasi keinginan & komitmen bersama bangsa-2 dunia
utk membangun suatu Masyarakat Informasi yg terpusat pd manusia, inklusif & berorientasi pd
pengembangan, di mana semua orang dpt mencipta, mengakses, menggunakan, & berbagi informasi dan
pengetahuan, yg memungkinkan para individu, komunitas, & bangsa utk mendptkan- dayagunakan
kemampuan penuh mereka dlm rangka mempromosikan pembangunan yg berkesinambungan
& memperbaiki kualitas hidup mereka, dg mendasarkan pemikiran kpd tujuan-2 & prinsip-2
dasar Piagam PBB serta sepenuhnya menghormati & menjunjung tinggi Deklarasi HAM Sedunia.
Deklarasi Prinsip-2
A. Pandangan/Visi Bersama Kita mengenai Masyarakat Informasi
B. Membangun Masyarakat Informasi utk semua orang: Prinsip-2 Utama/Kunci
C. Menuju Masyarakat Informasi utk semua orang bdsk/melalui Pengetahuan yg dipakai bersama
Membangun Masyarakat Informasi: suatu tantangan global dlm Milenium baru
1. Mengurangi separuh angka kemiskinan dan kelaparan dunia.
2. Mencapai pendidikan dasar sec formal.3. Pencapaian kesetaraan hak dan kesempatan (gender)
antara perempuan dan pria.
4. Mengurangi angka mortalitas anak balita sebesar 2/3.5. Mengurangi angka mortalitas pd saat kelahiran
sebesar 3/4.6. Menghilangkan penyakit menular khususnya HIV/AIDS
dan Malaria.7. Menciptakan kestabilan ekosistem lingkungan.8. Menciptakan kerjasama kemitraan secara global, baik
dlm bentuk bantuan, perdagangan maupun moratorium hutang.
Tujuan-2 Pembangunan Milenium(Millennium Development Goals - MDGs)
Peran Para Pemangku kepentingan dlm kerjasama kemitraanyg saling mengisi utk menjembatani Kesenjangan Digital
Multi-stakeholderPartnerships
(Kemitraan Multi-Pemangku
Kepentingan)
Pemerintah (Nasional & Lokal)• Ciptakan kebijakan & aturan yg komprehensif• Mengukur & memonitor masalah-2 kesenj digital• Identifikasi permasalahan & selengg konsultasi• Promosikan e-Strategi• Promosikan Kompetisi
Organisasi Internasional• Dorong koord standar jak bersama• Sediakan forum berbagi penget, pengalaman & sumda• Dorong kerjasama• Promosikan interoperabilitas• Sediakan tenaga ahli
Sektor Swasta (Penyedia katras/katnak, wirausaha ind telematika)• Berdayakan Humas• Latih Tenaga Kerja yg berpotensi• Perluas Pasar• Promosikan daya telematika• Promosikan jasa telematika
Masy Madani (indiv, media, LSM, Institusi Akad)• Sampaikan kebutuhan masy yg urgen• Responsif thd kebut/batasan-2 kultural masy• Sempurnakan legitimasi/kepemilikan proyek2
Agenda utk Masyarakat Informasi
•Mekanisme Keuangan utk Mekanisme Keuangan utk memenuhi tantangan TIK dlm memenuhi tantangan TIK dlm
PembangunanPembangunan
•Pengelolaan Internet (Pengelolaan Internet (Internet Internet GovernanceGovernance))
•Implementasi & Tindak LanjutImplementasi & Tindak Lanjut
“Masyarakat informasi dan masyarakat berbasis pengetahuan merupakan masyarakat yang menyadari kegunaan dan manfaat informasi …”
Visi Teknologi Informasi Presiden RI
“Kita meyakini bahwa teknologi informasi adalah salah satu pilar utama pembangunan peradaban manusia saat ini…”
“… Tidak ada satupun bidang kehidupan bangsa ataupun sektor pembangunan nasional yang tidak memerlukan penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi…”
“… Dalam kerangka masyarakat berbasis pengetahuan inilah, teknologi informasi diharuskan mampu memberi nilai tambah bagi masyarakat luas …”
“… Kita sungguh berharap, teknologi informasi benar-benar dapat menjadi sarana penting dalam proses transformasi menjadi bangsa yang maju …”
“… Masyarakat yang cerdas, berarti setiap komponen masyarakat akan bergerak bersama, misalnya mewujudkan gerakan siswa cerdas, gerakan desa maju, gerakan guru cerdas, gerakan pesantren cerdas, gerakan petani cerdas, gerakan aparat cerdas, gerakan nelayan pintar, dan seterusnya…”
Conclusions
Information literacy initiaves encourage resource sharing and collaboration among HEI.
Government policy and regulation are needed to improve ICT infrastructure for information literacy.
Developing digital library application and e-learning system aims to improve information literacy, especialy for college students.
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