Download pdf - Handouts on Data-driven modelling, part 2 (UNESCO-IHE)

7/31/2019 Handouts on Data-driven modelling, part 2 (UNESCO-IHE)

1/27

JozoJozo##jrkwifjrkwif chjillkfechjillkfe

kf uozirkf uozir##rilozij trhblic&rilozij trhblic&TORZ 2& Fiyrol FizuhrnTORZ 2& Fiyrol Fizuhrn

Jkckzrk T& Qhlhcozkfi

uuu&k`i&fl`khl hlDk`i&fl

YFIQAH#K@I Kfzkzyzi ghr Uozir Ijyaozkhf

Jitorzcifz hg @{jrhkfghrcozka ofj Nfhulijei cofoeicifz

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& 2

Orzkgkakol fiyrol fizuhrnOrzkgkakol fiyrol fizuhrn


2/27


Orzkgkakol fiyrol fizuhrn (OFF+= cokf z{tiOrzkgkakol fiyrol fizuhrn (OFF+= cokf z{ti

Orzkgkakol Fiyrol Fizuhr nq

Giij Ghruorj Qilg#hreofkqkfeGiijboan

ORZGiozyri

CotqBhlz}cofCoa`kfi

@htgkiljChjil

Lkfior Fhf#lkfior

Qytirwkqij Yfqytirwkqij

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& :

Lkfior rierikhf o o kctli OFFLkfior rierikhf o o kctli OFF

Kf hfi#jkcifkhfol aoi (hfi kftyz p+, ekwif Zwiazhr (jozo+~p(z+,{(z+s z 3?,Z zì ahiggkakifz hg zì iqyozkhf

{ 3 g (p+ 3 o?p . o4 aof bi ghyfj&

Zìf ghr zì fiu W wiazhr ~p(w+s, w 3?,W z`k iqyozkhf aofottrhpkcozil{ ritrhjyai zì ahrrithfjkfe gyfazkhf wolyi

~{(w+s, w 3?,W

p?

{{ 3 o4.o? p?

o4o?

[ 3 o? P . o4

P

[

fiu kftyz

wolyip(w+

oazyol

hyztyz

wolyi

chjil trijkazq

fiu hyztyz

wolyi {(w+

p(z+

{(z+


3/27


@hu zh cioyri zì irrhr8@hu zh cioyri zì irrhr8

Lioz qyoriirrhr k yij kfai kz ollhu ghr zì bizizkcozkhf hg zì torocizir ekwif irrhr ghr ioa`cioyricifz ori kfjitifjifz ofj fhrcoll{ jkzrkbyzij&

Htzkck}ozkhf trhblic ò zh bi hlwij= gkfj ya` o4 ofj o? zòzI k ckfkcol=

kf o kcklor go`khf zì trhblic aof bi thij ghr cylzktlirierikhf (ukz` cof{ kftyz+

( +3

.3Z

z

zzpoo{I

?

2+(

?4

+(+(

p?

p2

{{ 3 o4.o? p? . o2 p2

o4o?

o2


Gyfazkhf ottrhpkcozkhf= lkfior rierikhf ofj OFFGyfazkhf ottrhpkcozkhf= lkfior rierikhf ofj OFF

Lkfior rieriqqkhf

[ 3 o? P . o2

Fiyrol fizuhrn ottrhpkcozkhf

[ 3g( P, o?,, of +

P

[ [

P


4/27


chjillij (riol+ {zicg (P+ (hbirwij+

P

Irrhr 3 G(P+ # g(P+ ckf

@kjjif lo{ir

o km

Kftyz P

p ?

p 2

p 1

pFkft

Hyztyz ]3G(P+}?

}2

}1

}Fhyz

{?

{F`kj

b mn

uike`zq uike`zq

? ?

Zìri ori (Fkft.?+Fkj. (Fkj.?+Fhyz uike`z (okmofj bmn+zh bi kjifzkgkij b{ckfkck}kfe ciof qyorij irrhr ([(P+ # g(P++2&Ciz`hj yij= erojkifz#boij ziitiz jiaifz ciz`hj (aollij irrhr boantrhtoeozkhf+

OFF= cylzkOFF= cylzk##lo{ir tiraitzrhf (CLT+lo{ir tiraitzrhf (CLT+

`kj

F

k

kkmhmm

,&&&, Fm3

pooG{kft

?

?

.3

3

hyz

F

k

mmnhnn

,&&&, Fn3

{bbG}`kj

?

?

.3

3

y

G(y+ ?

4Bkfor{ Qkechkj =G(y+ 3 ? (? . i#y+


OFF= kjifzkgkaozkhf hg uike`z b{ zrokfkfeOFF= kjifzkgkaozkhf hg uike`z b{ zrokfkfe

(aolkbrozkhf+(aolkbrozkhf+

( +3

3ipoctF

k

kk OFFHBQI?

2

OFF irrhr kf ritrhjyakfe zì hbirwij hyztyz (HBQk+ k=

Zrokfkfe hg OFF k kf hlwkfe o (cylzk#ipzricyc+ htzkck}ozkhftrhblic=

Gkfj ya` wolyi hg uike`z zòz brkfe I zh o ckfkcyc

Trhblic hg boantrhtoeozkhf olehrkz`c # kz oyci kfeli#ipzricolkz{


5/27

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& ;

OFF o o yfkwirol chjilOFF o o yfkwirol chjil

(gyfazkhf(gyfazkhf ottrhpkcozhrottrhpkcozhr++

OFF k o chjil ukz` cylzktli (`yfjrij+ torocizir

OFF k o aotobli hg ritrhjyakfe ahctlip fhf#lkfiorrilozkhf`kt

OFF aolkbrozkhf (zrokfkfe+ riqykri lorei ochyfz hg jozo

zì riylzkfe chjil k goz

OFF aof bi yij uìri t`{kaoll{ boij chjil gokl, hr zì{co{ ahctlicifz t`{kaoll{#boij chjil

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& ?4

Bkhlhekaol chzkwozkhfBkhlhekaol chzkwozkhf

kefol ori zrofckzzij bizuiif fiyrhf b{ iliazrkaol tyli

zì fiyrhf yc yt zì iggiaz hg z`hyofj kctyli

kg zì kfzierozij thzifzkol ipaiij o z`ri`hlj, zì aill gkri #eifirozi of kctyli zòz zrowil oarh zì ophf gyrzìr

Aillq bhjkiq

Jifjrkziq


6/27

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& ??

p?

p2

{y 3 o4 . o? p? . o2 p2

y

{ 3 e (y+

o4o?

o2

@kjjif fhji@kjjif fhji

Kftyz zh zì fizuhrn ori=

Hyztyz hg zìm#z` fhji hg zì kjjif lo{ir k

F,&&&,?3k,p kftk

F&&&,?,3m,+po.o(e3{ `kjkmk

F

3?k

m4m

kft


Hyztyz fhjiHyztyz fhji

kftyz ori zì hyztyz hg `kjjif fhji {? &&& {F`kj

hyztyz ori=

F&&&,?,3n,+{b.b(e3} hyzmnm

F

m3?

n4n

`kj

{?

{2

}w 3 b4 . b? {? . b2 {2

w

} 3 e (w+

b4b?

b2


7/27


Zrofgir gyfazkhfZrofgir gyfazkhf ee

zì zrofgir gyfazkhf k yyoll{ fhf#lkfior, bhyfjij ofjjkggirifzkobli& Ukjil{ yij k zì lhekzkagyfazkhf=

i.?

?3(y+e

y#

Lhekqzka gyfazkhf

#4&2

4

4&2

4&:

4&7

4&0

?

?&2

#?4 #0 #7 #: #2 4 2 : 7 0 ?4

Kftyz wolyi

Hyztyz wolyi

Qlh i 3 :

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& ?:

Jirkwozkwi hgJirkwozkwi hgee

Fhzi zòz

Zìf

+(

+?(

+(+?+(?(

+?(+(

2

2

2

?

yei

ii

ii

y

i

y

ye

y

yy

yy

y

3

.3

.3

.3

+(

+(?

ye

ye

i

y 3

+(++(?(

+(+(

+(?+( 2

yeye

yeye

ye

y

ye

3

3


8/27


OFF ahctlipkz{ ofj kz ottrhpkcozkfe obklkz{OFF ahctlipkz{ ofj kz ottrhpkcozkfe obklkz{

ahcbkfozkhf hg zrofgir gyfazkhf hg `kjjif fhji trhjyai oahctlip gyfazkhf

ukz` cof{ `kjjif fhji of{ gyfazkhf aof bi ottrhpkcozij


OFF ahctlipkz{ ofj kz ottrhpkcozkfe=OFF ahctlipkz{ ofj kz ottrhpkcozkfe=

ipoctli hg ottrhpkcozkfe o òrchfka gyfazkhfipoctli hg ottrhpkcozkfe o òrchfka gyfazkhf

hfi kftyz pofj zuh hyztyz {? ofj {2 Hyztyz ori ekwif b{ kf(p+ ofj ah(p+

Jozo k eifirozij b{ ryffkfe pgrhc 4 zh 7&20 ukz` zì zit 4&42

p {? {24&4444 4&44444 ?&44444

4&4244 4&42444 4&;;;04

4&4:44 4&41;;; 4&;;;24

&&&

?&9:44 4&;;;91 4&4145;

?&9744 4&;;;;: 4&4?404?&9044 4&;;;;7 #4&44;24

?&7444 4&;;;95 #4&42;24

&&&

7&2:44 #4&4:1?0 4&;;;45

7&2744 #4&421?; 4&;;;51

7&2044 #4&441?; 4&;;;;;

p {? {24&4444 4&44444 ?&44444

4&1744 4&19225 4&;19;4

4&;044 4&01494 4&99542

?&0244 4&;7;?? #4&2:771

1&7:44 #4&:5042 #4&05019

:&:744 #4&;7012 #4&2:;529&7244 #4&7?971 4&50041

9&0:44 #4&:2002 4&;411;

7&?244 #4&?72:5 4&;075?

7&2:44 #4&4:1?0 4&;;;45

7&2744 #4&421?; 4&;;;51

7&2044 #4&441?; 4&;;;;;

Zrokfkfe qiz= 1?9 kfqzofaiq Ziqz qiz= ?2 kfqzofaiq


9/27


Tirghrcofai hgTirghrcofai hgOFFOFF o kz ahctlipkz{ kfarioio kz ahctlipkz{ kfarioi

o+ ? kjjif fhji b+ 2 kjjif fhjiq

a+ 1 kjjif fhjiq j+ : kjjif fhjiq


KgFhyzgyfazkhf, ioa` ukz` Fkft kfjitifjifz (kftyz+ workobliori ekwif, ofj Zkfzofai (wiazhr+

ori ekwif, zìf, hf zì bok hg zìi kfzofai OFF aof bizrokfijh zòz zì irrhr k ckfkcol&

Zìf kg triifzij hzìr Wkfzofai (wiazhr+

kz uhylj ottrhpkcozil{ ritrhjyai zì ahrrithfjkfe gyfazkhfwolyi

OFF zrokfkfe o of htzkck}ozkhf trhblicOFF zrokfkfe o of htzkck}ozkhf trhblic

Z,&&&?,3z,sg,&&&,g,g,p,&&&,p,p~(z+

F

(z+

2

(z+

?

(z+F

(z+2

(z+?

hyzkft

W,&&&?,3ws,p

,&&&,p

,p

~ (w+F

(w+

2

(w+

? kft

W,&&&?,3ws,g,&&&,g,g~(w+

F

(w+

2

(w+

? hyz


10/27??

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& ?;

Jizoklij jiarktzkhf hg OFF irrhr zh bi ckfkck}ijJizoklij jiarktzkhf hg OFF irrhr zh bi ckfkck}ij

ghr hyztyz nzì irrhr ghr zì kftyz tozzirf zk=

In(z+3(gn

(z+ }n(z++2

zhzol ghr oll hyztyz ghr kftyz tozzirf z zì irrhr k=

Zhzol irrhr k zì yccozkhf hg zì irrhr ghr oll hyztyz fhjighr oll Zkfzofai=

3n

z

n

z

n

z }gI 2+(+(+( +(2

?

..3

.3

3

n k

z

kkmm

m

`kj

mnn

hyzz

n

z

n

m

m

mnnhyzz

n

z

n

z

n

z

n

z

zhz

pooebbeg

{bbeg

}gI

2+(

44

+(

24

+(

2+(+(

++S((^2

?

S+(^2?

+(2

?

ckfckf


Irrhr gyfazkhf u&r&z& uike`z (irrhr yrgoai+ (?+Irrhr gyfazkhf u&r&z& uike`z (irrhr yrgoai+ (?+


11/27??

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& 2?

Irrhr gyfazkhf u&r&z& uike`z (irrhr yrgoai+ (2+Irrhr gyfazkhf u&r&z& uike`z (irrhr yrgoai+ (2+

irrhr gyfazkhf k o ahctlip cylzk#ipzricyc gyfazkhf


Irrhr gyfazkhf u&r&z& uike`z (irrhr yrgoai+ (1+Irrhr gyfazkhf u&r&z& uike`z (irrhr yrgoai+ (1+


12/27??


Jiariokfe irrhr jyrkfe zrokfkfeJiariokfe irrhr jyrkfe zrokfkfe

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& 2:

Ykfe ziitiz jiaifzYkfe ziitiz jiaifz


13/27??


A`hhkfe zì rke`z zitA`hhkfe zì rke`z zit

qzit kq HN

qzit kq zhh lorei


Boantrhtoeozkhf olehrkz`c (kfzofai boij+ (?2+Boantrhtoeozkhf olehrkz`c (kfzofai boij+ (?2+

? Rofjhck}i zì uike`z ~us (jifhzij obhwi o cozrkaioofj b+ zh coll rofjhc wolyi (bhz` thkzkwi ofj fieozkwi+zh ifyri zòz zì fizuhrn k fhz ozyrozij b{ lorei wolyi hguike`z&

2 Qiliaz of kfzofai z, zòz k zì wiazhr ~pn(z+s, k3 ?,&&&,Fkft

(o tokr hg kftyz ofj hyztyz tozzirf+, grhc zì zrokfkfe iz&

1 Ottl{ zì fizuhrn kftyz wiazhr zh fizuhrn kftyz&

: Aolaylozi zì fizuhrn hyztyz wiazhr ~}n(z+s, n3 ?,&&&,Fhyz&

9 Aolaylozi zì irrhr ghr ioa` hg zì hyztyz n, n3?,&&&,Fhyz,zì jkggirifai bizuiif zì jikrij hyztyz ofj zì fizuhrnhyztyz=

&&&

2+(+(+( +( znz

n

z

n }gII 33


14/27??


Boantrhtoeozkhf olehrkz`c (kfzofai boij+ (22+Boantrhtoeozkhf olehrkz`c (kfzofai boij+ (22+

&&&

7 Aolaylozi z i fiaior{ ytjozi ghr uike`z u kf o uo{zòz ckfkck}i z`k irrhr (jkayij bilhu+&

5 Ojmyz zì uike z hg zì fizuhrn b{ u&

0 Ritioz zit 2 7 ghr ioa` kfzofai (tokr hg kftyzhyztyzwiazhr+ kf zì zrokfkfe iz yfzkl zì irrhr ghr zì ifzkri {zic(irrhr Ijigkfij obhwi hr zì irrhr hf arh#wolkjozkhf iz+ koaaitzobl{ lhu, hr zì tri#jigkfij fycbir hg kzirozkhf krioaìj&


Boantrhtoeozkhf olehrkz`c (ukz` aycylozkwi ytjozi+Boantrhtoeozkhf olehrkz`c (ukz` aycylozkwi ytjozi+

? 7 o obhwi

5 ojj yt z i aolaylozij uike`z ytjozi ~us zh zìoaaycylozij zhzol ytjozi ~Us&

0 Ritioz zit 2 5 ghr iwirol kfzofai ahctrkkfe ofitha` (ahylj bi zì u`hli iz+&

; Ojmyz zì uike`z ~us hg zì fizuhrn b{ zì ytjozi~Us&

?4 Ritioz zit 2 ; yfzkl oll kfzofai kf z i zrokfkfe iz oritrhaiij& Z`k ahfzkzyzi hfi kzirozkhf&

?? Ritioz zì kzirozkhf hg zit 2 ?4 yfzkl zì irrhr ghr zìifzkri {zic (irrhr Ijigkfij obhwi hr zì irrhr hf arh#wolkjozkhf iz+ k oaaitzobl{ lhu, hr zì tri#jigkfij fycbir hgkzirozkhf k rioaìj&


15/27??

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& 2;

@hu zh ytjozi uike`z@hu zh ytjozi uike`z

htzkck}ozkhf k jhfi b{ zì ziitiz jiaifz olehrkz`c

zit ori coji kf zì toai hg workobli (uike`z u+ kf zìjkriazkhf htthkzi zh zì jkriazkhf hg zì erojkifz hg zìgyfazkhf I

u (F.?+ 3 u (F+ I(u (F++

kf kfjkwkjyol uike`z aòfei ukll bi=

ofj zì ytjozi zit ghr uike`z k=

(z`k k zì jilzo rylihg Ukjrhu ofj @hgg (?;74+ ghr o kfelilkfior tiraitzrhf+

+(

+(+?(F

qu

qu

q

qqu

IFuFu

3

3.

q

quIu

3


@hu zh ytjozi uike`z@hu zh ytjozi uike`z

z{tkaol aòkf hg fhji ofj uike`z ahfkjirij

pk }n

wn

enhyz(w+

m

ym

em`kj(y+

bmnokmpk

`kjjif fhji m hyztyz fhji nkftyz fhji k cioqyrij

(zoreiz+ wolyiq

Ahctori

irrhrgn }n

n

irrhr zh ckfkck}i jyrkfe zrokfkfe kqI3 (gn}n+2


16/27??


Uike`z ghr zì hyztyz lo{irUike`z ghr zì hyztyz lo{ir

ytjozi ghr zì hyztyz uike`z k=

jirkwozkwi aof bi ghyfj ykfe zì aòkf ryli=

z`k ekwi=

uìri

mnmn {b 3

w

we}g nnnn

+(+(2

mn

mnb

Ib

3

mn

n

n

n

nmn b

w

w

}

}

I

b

I

3


Uike`z ghr zì `kjjif lo{ir (?+Uike`z ghr zì `kjjif lo{ir (?+

`kjjif fhji jh fhz òwi iptlkakz wolyi hg of irrhr& Qyaìrrhr ori trhtoeozkfe grhc ioa` hg zì fhji hg zì hyztyzlo{ir zh ioa` hg zì fhji kf zì `kjjif lo{ir

3n

z

n

z

n

z }gI 2+(+(+( +(2

?

3

3

n km

z

n

km

z

kmo

I

o

Io

+(+(

3

3

n km

m

m

m

m

n

n

n

n

z

n

km

m

m

m

m

z

n

km

z

o

y

y

{

{

w

w

}

}

I

o

y

y

{

{

I

o

I +(+(+(


17/27??


Uike`z ghr zì `kjjif lo{ir (2+Uike`z ghr zì `kjjif lo{ir (2+

gkfoll{, zì ytjozi ghr uike`z o k=

3n

mnn

m

kkm by

yepo

+(

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& 1:

Kctrhwkfe zì liorfkfe ryliKctrhwkfe zì liorfkfe ryli

Chcifzyc

ojotzkwi liorfkfe rozi (F+

uìri (F+ 3 zì liorfkfe rozi u`ka` k ytjozij oaahrjkfe zh zìghllhukfe ryli=

@iri ROIJk zì riaifz "owiroei" hg zòz jirkwozkwi zòz kriayrkwil{ aolaylozij=

+(+?( Fuu

IFu q

q

q .

3.

+(+(+?(+?( Fuu

IFFu

q

q

Qq .

3.

hzìrukqi,+?(

4+?(kg,+?(+(

3

6

.3

F

FROIJ

u

IFF

q

q

qq

+?(+?(+( .

3 FROIJu

IFROIJ

q


18/27??


A`hkai hg zì liorfkfe ahfzofzA`hkai hg zì liorfkfe ahfzofz

Zì riahccifjij wolyi hg zì liorfkfe ahfzofz

3 4&? (4&49 k hgzif bizzir+

3 4&9

3 4&5 (hr 4&9+

3 4&; (hr 4&9+&


Troazkaol kyi hg zrokfkfeTroazkaol kyi hg zrokfkfe

Tritorkfe jozo

aolkfe jozo zh triwifz fizuhrn torol{k e(?&4+ 3 4&572

e(2&4+ 3 4&;7:

e(1&4+ 3 4&;;9

e(:&4+ 3 4&;;;

h aoli kftyz jozo zh ^#1, .1S

fycbir hg `kjjif fhji

a`hkai hg zì oazkwozkhf gyfazkhf richwi torz hg ahffiazkhf (htzkcol brokf jocoei+

jiol ukz` lhaol htzkco (ri#rofjhck}i uike`z+

hyzkft`kj FFF


19/27


20/2722

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& 1;

Rojkol bok gyfazkhfRojkol bok gyfazkhf

yi kctli gyfazkhf G(p+ zòz ottrhpkcozi zì ekwif gyfazkhf kfzì trhpkckz{ zh hci ritriifzozkwi lhaozkhf

zìi G(p+ jitifj hfl{ hf zì jkzofai grhc zìi aifzir ofjjrht zh }irh o zì jkzofai grhc zì aifzir kfarioi

Aifzirq= ? 2 M

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& :4


gyfazkhf } 3 g(p+, uìri p k o wiazhr ~p?&&& pKs kf K#jkcifkhfol toai

aifzirumm3?&&&M ori iliazij

g(p+ k ottrhpkcozij b{

uìri |p um| k jkzofai (ie&, Iyalkjiof+

bmori ahiggkakifz ohakozij ukz` zìm#z` aifzir um&

+|>(|+(?

mm

M

m

G} bupp 3 3

Aifzirq= ? 2 M


21/2722

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& :?


ui aof a`hhi zì lkfior ahcbkfozkhf hg bok gyfazkhf=

Kz k ahcchf zh a`hhi Eoykof gyfazkhf ghr G=

g(r+ 3 ipt(r222+ ( k ofolhehy zh zì zofjorjjiwkozkhf kf o Eoykof fhrcol jkzrkbyzkhf+

Jkzofai |p um| k yyoll{ yfjirzhhj kf Iyalkjiof ifi ofjjifhzij o m=

h zì ottrhpkcozkhf biahci=

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zì tloaicifz hg zì lhaolk}ij Eoykof zh ahwir zì toai(thkzkhf hg zì aifzir u k+>

zì ahfzrhl hg zì ukjz` hg ioa` Eoykof (torocizir +>

zì izzkfe hg zì octlkzyji hg ioa` Eoykof (torocizir bk+&

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22/2722


Rojkol bok gyfazkhf trhblicRojkol bok gyfazkhf trhblic

wkiuij o o fiyrol fizuhrnwkiuij o o fiyrol fizuhrn

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J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& ::

Zrokfkfe zì RBG fizuhrn (?+Zrokfkfe zì RBG fizuhrn (?+

?& Gkfj zì thkzkhf hg aifzir ~ums=

A`hhi rofjhcl{ M kfzofai pm ofj yi zìc o zì thkzkhf hgzì aifzir ~ums

Oll hzìr kfzofai ori okefij zh o alo m hg z i alhiz aifzirum, ofj zì lhaozkhf hg ioa` aifzir ori aolaylozij oeokf ykfe ie&n#fioriz fike`bhr ciz`hj&

Zì obhwi zit ori ritiozij yfzkl zì lhaozkhf hg zì aifzirzht aòfekfe&

2& Aolaylozi zì hyztyz }(p+ grhc ioa` `kjjif fiyrhf &&&


23/2722


Zrokfkfe zì RBG fizuhrn (2+Zrokfkfe zì RBG fizuhrn (2+

&&&

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uìri bmn zì uike`z hf zì ahffiazkhf grhc zì `kjjif fhji

mzh zì hyztyz fhji n, {m # zì hyztyz grhc z i `kjjif fhji m

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Ipoctli= ykfe RBG fizuhrnIpoctli= ykfe RBG fizuhrn

zh ritrhjyai QKF ofj AHQ gyfazkhfzh ritrhjyai QKF ofj AHQ gyfazkhf

Kftyz gkli= ? kftyz(P+, 2 hyztyz(QKF, AHQ+,1?9ipoctli

1?9 ? 2

4&4444 4&44444 ?&44444

4&4244 4&42444 4&;;;04

4&4:44 4&41;;; 4&;;;24

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?0 aifzirghyfj


24/2722


Ipoctli= ykfe RBG fizuhrn zh ritrhjyai biòwkhyrIpoctli= ykfe RBG fizuhrn zh ritrhjyai biòwkhyr

hg o ?hg o ?##J chjillkfe {zic (QHBIN+J chjillkfe {zic (QHBIN+

Kftyz gkli=5 kftyz (triw&rokfgoll, glhu+, ?hyztyz (glhu+,?141 ipoctli

2? aifzirghyfj


Rojkol bok gyfazkhf=Rojkol bok gyfazkhf=

ahccifzahccifz

RBG fizuhrn trhwkji o elhbol ottrhpkcozkhf zh zì zoreizgyfazkhf, ritriifzij b{ o lkfior ahcbkfozkhf hg cof{ lhaolnirfil gyfazkhf

z`k aof bi wkiuij o zì chhz` lkfior ahcbkfozkhf hg tkiai#uki (lhaol+ fhf#lkfior gyfazkhf # zòz k zì biz gyfazkhf ka`hif ghr o torzkaylor rofei hg kftyz jozo

zrokfkfe k gozir zòf boantrhtoeozkhf fizuhrn kfai kz k jhfikf zuh zit

kz k of ioeir ciz`hj, byz yij of kjio hg lhaol ottrhpkcozkhfo kf lo}{ ciz`hj ya` o n#FF


25/2722

J&T& Qhlhcozkfi& Jozo#jrkwif chjillkfe (torz 2+& :;

Hzìr z{ti hg ahffiazkhfkz chjilHzìr z{ti hg ahffiazkhfkz chjil

(fiyrol fizuhrn+(fiyrol fizuhrn+


Riayrrifz fiyrol fizuhrnRiayrrifz fiyrol fizuhrn

jiwilhtij zh jiol ukz` zì zkci wor{kfe hr zkci#loeeij tozzirf

ori yobli ghr zì trhblic uìri zì j{focka hg zìahfkjirij trhai k ahctlip ofj zì cioyrij jozo k fhk{

Ipoctli= @htgkilj fizuhrn, Rierikwi fizuhrn, Mhrjof#Ilcof fizuhrn, ofj Brokf#Qzozi#Kf#O#Bhp (BQB+ fizuhrn

hyztyzq

hfzipzyfkzq

kftyzq


26/2722


@htgkilj fizuhrn@htgkilj fizuhrn

bilhfe zh o alo hg jiwkai ukz` zì oyzhohakozkwi cichr{=zì{ zhri o iz hg tozzirf kf ya` o uo{ zòz uìf o fiutozzirf k triifzij, zì fizuhrn rithfj b{ trhjyakfeu`kaìwir hfi hg zì zhrij tozzirf chz alhil{ riicbliz`k fiu hfi

@htgkilj fizuhrn ò giijboan grhc ioa` fhji zh ioa` hzìrfhji byz fhz zh kzilg

Ioa` fhji ahctyzi zì uike`zij yc hg kftyz ofj hyztyzofj kg kz ipaiij o gkpij z`ri`hlj, kz eifirozi ?, hzìruki #?

Zì fizuhrn zhri F#jkcifkhfol wiazhr ahctrkkfe {cbhl?, ofj zìi wiazhr ori yij o eifirolk}ozkhf hwir thkblitozzirf zòz ori triifzij zh zì fizuhrn&


Qhci rigirifaiqQhci rigirifaiq

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F& Ehfe, Z& Jifhiyp, ML& Birzrofj#Nromiunk (?;;7+& Fiyrol fizuhrn ghr hlkj zrofthrzchjillkfe kf iuir {zic jyrkfe zhrc iwifz& Uozir Qak& Zia`&, whl& 11, Fh& ;, tt& 09#;2&

O&U& Ckff, C&M& @oll (?;;7+& Orzkgkakol fiyrol fizuhrn o rokfgoll#ryfhgg chjil& @{jrhlhekaolQak& M&, whl :?, Fh& 1, tt& 1;;#:?5&

[& Qìf, J&T& Qhlhcozkfi, @& wof jif Bhheoorj (?;;0+& Kctrhwkfe tirghrcofai hg a`lhrht {lahfaifzrozkhf zkci irki kcylozkhf ukz` orzkgkakol fiyrol fizuhrn&Offyol Mhyrfol hg@{jroylka Ifekfiirkfe, MQAI, whl& :2, Gibryor{, tt& 59?#597&

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27/27


Ifj hg Torz 2Ifj hg Torz 2