Download pptx - Evaluating learning resources

Evaluating Learning Resources

Elvira B. LapuzLibrarian

University of the Philippines [email protected]

Service center Reading center Guidance center Material production center Teaching-learning center

◦ (DECS Order No. 6, s. 1998)

The School Library

Library as a physical entity Includes various formats (print and non-print) Supports school goals, supports curriculum needs

and reflects student interests reflects the values and attitudes of the

community towards education provides access to human and material resources

in local/global community is managed and maintained is only one element of the library program

The school library collection

FictionEasy reading and picture books, novels

Non-fictionInformation books in various formats

ReferenceEncyclopedias, dictionaries, atlases, almanacs and indexes

Vertical (Information) FilesNewspaper and magazine clippings, brochures and pamphlets

Periodicals (Magazines)Currents issues, back issues and periodical indexes

NewspapersDaily, weekly, special focus newspapers

Print resources may include:

Electronic FormatsComputer software, CD-ROMs, Online resources

AV materialsVideos, CDs/cassettes, slides, filmstrips, transparencies, maps, posters, graphics, games

AV EquipmentComputers and printers, TV, CD/DVD players, overhead projectors, slide and filmstrip projectors, CD/cassette players, cable TV, phone lines, video recorders

Other EquipmentLaminators, photocopiers

Non-print resources may include:

Selection and acquisition of resources

Organization (cataloging, indexing) Access provision and circulation Maintenance and preservation

Developing and Managing theSchool Library Learning Resources

Needs assessment Formulating Collection Development

policies Selection Acquisitions De-selection/weeding Evaluation of the collection

COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES

Identifying/knowing your community

Data gathering on what kind of information is needed

Gathering data through patron inputs

Consideration of wants, needs, use and demand

Needs assessment

A written statement of the plan to develop collection in the library media center

a prerequisite to maintaining a useful materials collection

should be developed for the library staff, the library board, the governing organization, and the patrons of the library

Also termed interchangeably as selection policies or acquisitions policies

COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY FOR SCHOOL LIBRARY MEDIA CENTER

It informs everyone about the nature and scope of the collection It informs everyone of collecting priorities It forces thinking about organizational priorities for the collection It generates some degree of commitment to meeting organizations goals It sets standards for inclusion and exclusion It reduces the influence of a single selector and personal biases It provides a training and orientation tool for the new staff It helps ensure a degree of consistency overtime and regardless of staff

turnover It guides staff in handling complaints It aids in weeding and evaluating the collection It aids in rationalizing budget allocations It provides a public relations document It provides a means of assessing overall performance of the collection

development program It provides outsiders with information about the purpose of collection

development (an accountability tool)

Uses of a Collection Development Policy

DECS Order No. 6, s. 1998

Policies and programs for school library development

SECTION 1 : importance of the library, functions and use of materials

SECTION 2 : the library as service center, reading center, guidance center, materials production center and teaching-learning center

SECTION 3 : establishment of a library


SECTION 4: School libraries should procure basic print supplementary materials, in addition to adequate copies of textbooks and teachers’ manuals, in accordance with the Guidelines on Supplementary Materials Intended for Public Elementary and Secondary Schools


SECTION 4 Library Collections◦ 4.1 General references

Encyclopedia – 1 set (for elementary) and 1 set (for secondary)

Dictionary – 1 English-Filipino, 1 Filipino-English 1 English (Unabridged)

1 Dialect (secondary)

Inclosure 1 to DECS Order No. 6, s. 1998

SECTION 4 Library Collections◦ 4.1 General references

Atlas – 2 (1) Philippine (1) world) Almanac 2 (1) Philippine (1) world Globe – 1 Maps – 3 (1) Philippine (1) world (1) Asia


SECTION 4 Library CollectionsAdditional books for elementary schoolsSupplementary readers in English and Filipino which may be utilized for remediation, reinforcement, or enrichment of skills developed using the basic textbooks

Additional books for secondary schoolsBook of Knowledge, Thesaurus, Philippine Yearbook, Book of Facts, Handbooks, Manuals, Literary Classics, Book of Etiquette, World Record & Fiction books


SECTION 4 Library Collections◦ 4.2 General Collection

References to support the different subject areas including professional books for teachers and other employees, recreational and hobby books, etc.

- 4.3 Reference for basic learning areas at least 4 for every pupils

- 4.4 Magazines- 4.5 Newspapers


SECTION 4 Library Collections◦ 4.6 Important projects of teachers and

pupils/students may be stored in the library as reference materials

◦ 4.7 Librarians tools and supplies◦ 4.8 Selection and acquisition of books and other library

materials is a cooperative endeavor of the librarian, faculty and head of school. This should be based on a lists of approved textbooks, teachers’ manual and supplementary materials. Teachers may recommend books and other instructional materials needed in the classroom.


SECTION 5 Sources of Library Funds◦ 5.1 Library funds shall be 5-10% of the school

funds (based proportionately) as released by the Division Office

◦ 5.2 Donations and solicitations from civic associations, alumni, parents, and other members of the community, “friends of the library” and others.


The heart of the collection development process The process of deciding which materials to

acquire for a library collection; may involve deciding between items that provide information about the same subject, systematically determining quality and value (Evans, 2006)

The selection of new resources by the teacher-librarian is facilitated by identifying curriculum needs and student interests

SELECTION

Ordinarily, the Librarian is in charge of selection, but locally elected or appointed school board, by law; including administrators, supervisors, teachers, library media specialists, students, and even community residents can also participate and select learning resources for the school library

Responsibility for Selection

Keep yourself abreast of what is going on in the publishing trade.

Know your community and know it well.

It is critical to be aware of what is going on in the world.

How to be a good selector?

1. Identify collection needs in terms of subjects and specific types of materials

2. Determine how much money is available

3. Develop a plan for identifying potentially useful materials to acquire

4. Conduct search evaluation of the desired materials

The Process of Selection

Subject matter Construction quality Potential use Relation to the collection Bibliographic considerations Cost

SELECTION CRITERIA IN GENERAL

“A publication issued in successive parts, usually in regular intervals, and as rule, intended to be continued indefinitely, include periodicals, annuals (reports, yearbooks, etc.) and memoirs, proceedings, and transactions of societies.” (ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science)

Serials

“a periodical publication especially dealing with matters of current interest- often used for official or semi-official publications of special groups”

Journals

magazine a periodical that usually contains a miscellaneous collection of articles, stories, poems, and pictures and is directed at the general reading public

Budget allocation Durability Audio Visual quality Ease of repair Type of equipment required AV technology that is long-lasting

AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS Main Points for Consideration

34

Audio Recordings• Cassettes, DVDs, CDs • Books on tape or “talking books”• Points to consider: - How will your audio collection support your

library's goals- Will your audio collection focus on all or only

certain genres? - Will you collect complete works or abridged

versions? Does abridging the work affect the story?

- How well does the reader project his/her voice? - How durable is the product? - What is the overall quality of the recording?

35

Microform• a generic term for both microfilms and

microfiche• a format not liked much by so many

people• the format that libraries resort to • a good format for materials that are

seldom used• also good alternative format for rare and

archival materials.

36

Microfilm

37

Microfiche

38

MOVING PICTURES

• Films - Comes in variety of sizes: the 7, Super 8, 16mm and 35 mm; the 70mm is the format used in theatrical releases and is also the format collected by film archives

• Video recordings -Videos are extremely popular with library patrons.

39

STILL PICTURES

• Filmstrips• Slides• Transparencies• Flat pictures (include paintings, posters,

postcards, photographs and other pictorial materials)

40

Slides• photographic slides: typical of the family

collection of 35mm slides • mountings can be of paper, plastic, metal

or glass• most commonly found in special libraries

with scientific, medical and art museum work collections

41

Transparencies• overhead transparencies:

text or diagrams on cellophane sheets that are projected with a magnified light

• designed to aid in the presentation of graphic materials to small and medium-sized groups

• publishers often include these based on or using illustrations from their books

42

Graphic Materials

• include maps, photographs and globes • Problems: little bibliographic control and

making decisions as to whether circulate OR be used only within the premises of the library

43

Other Media

• Printed Music• Music sheets and scores (full size or

miniature)• Problem of sourcing and bibliographic

control• Models, dioramas• Games

44

Electronic resources

• An all encompassing term to include sources in digital format: electronic serials, e-serials, electronic journals, online journals, digital journals, electronic books, e-books

45

Benefits of having e-resources in libraries

• ease of searching• remote access• consolidation of many volumes and years • reduction in theft and mutilation• Content can extracted and manipulated• Simultaneous use• easy export of information• reduced costs for binding, storage, and stack

maintenance• hyperlinks• access outside normal library hours

46

Electronic serials• Any journal, magazine, e’zine,

webzine, newsletter, or type of electronic serial publication which is made available online

• These are either supplied directly by the publishers or via aggregator services

47

Evaluation Criteria for Electronic Resources

• Content• Access • Technical support• Cost• Legal considerations

48

Evaluation criteria for Internet Resources: Content

• Authority• Publishing body• Verifiability/

Accuracy• Currency

BiasAppropriateness of

formatAudiencePurpose

49

Evaluation criteria for Internet Resources: Access

• Searching• Organization• Download time• Links

50

Evaluation criteria for Internet Resources: Design

• Constructions • Instructions• Graphics

51

Evaluation of Electronic Resources

Incorporate elements of selection, and include technical infrastructure, information content, support issues, management issues, extensiveness, efficiency, effectiveness, service quality, impact, usefulness, and adoption (Charles McClure)

52

Selection Tools• These are sources that provide assistance to

the librarian in selecting materials for acquisitions.

• There are tools that provide evaluative information and are selective in nature, while other tools are more comprehensive lists of titles available for purchase.

53

FICTION• Fiction Catalog. New York: Wilson, 1908-A guide to adult fiction found most in useful

in public libraries, published periodically with annual supplements.

54

Selection Tools for BooksSelective

Resources• Book reviews• Book lists• “Best of” and

Recommended Lists

Comprehensive Resources

Publishers’ sources

Online bookstores

Directories of print and non-print books

National bibliographies

55

BOOK REVIEWS• Provide descriptive and evaluative

information that can be used in place of physically examining the actual book

• Makes comparisons to similar works to help the librarian determine whether the book being reviewed should be added to the library collection

56

Book Review sources

57

September 12, 2010 57

websites containing reviews

58


59


60


61

"Best of" and Recommended Lists

• For non-current reviews• Can be used as checklists to make sure

that a particularly good book is not missed• If the selectors know that the library

community's reading choices are influenced by recommendations, they may want to consider recommended lists in the book selection process

62

Websites of “best of” and recommended lists

• Literary Lists at http://www.literarylist.com/• Oprah's Recommended Books at

http://www.2think.org/oprah/oprah.shtml

http://www.literarylist.com/

http://www.2think.org/oprah/oprah.shtml

63

64

65

Comprehensive Resources

• Listings of books published in a particular country

• Useful for verifying the bibliographic and purchasing information

• Publisher sources, online bookstores, directories of in print and out of print books, and national bibliographies

66

Online Bookstores

• Allows the selector to search and purchase print books over the Internet

• Can provide a quick and easy way to find publication information for a wide range of books.

• A convenient method for purchasing books that is needed very quickly.

67

Online Bookstores

• "earth's biggest bookstore" is Amazon.com at < www.amazon.com>, which is a full-service online bookstore providing lists of best-sellers, award-winners, and excerpts from review sources.

• Barnes and Noble at <www.barnesandnoble.com> offers over one million books that can be searched for and purchased over the Internet.

• National Bookstore Online at

http://www.amazon.com/

http://www.barnesandnoble.com/

68

69

70

71

Directories for In Print Books and Out-Of-Print Books

• Sources for finding bibliographic and purchasing information for books that are available for purchase, are about to be published, or are no longer being printed.

• Examples of titles included in this category are: Forthcoming Books, Weekly Record, Books in Print (BIP)

72

Directories for In Print Books and Out Of Print Books

73

National Bibliographies • useful for checking which library owns a

particular work in a particular country.• Usually published by the national or state

libraries• Examples : British National Bibliography,

National Union Catalog, Bibliographie Nationale Française, Deutsche Nationalbibliographie

74

National Bibliographies

75

Selection Tools for Multi-Media

• Videos: Choice, Library Journal, Video Librarian, Video Review, Video Source Book and Bowker’s Complete Video Directory

• Audio Materials: Publisher's Weekly, AudioFile, Wilson Library Bulletin, Library Journal, Audiobook Review

• Graphic Materials: Cartography and Geographic Information Systems

• Microforms: Guide to Microforms in Print, National Register of Microform Masters

76

Selection Tools for Audiovisual Materials

77

Selection Tools for Serials• Selective guides: Library Journal and New

Magazine Review • Directories of Periodicals and Newspapers:

Ulrich's International Periodicals Directory (R.R. Bowker), Serials Directory (EBSCO), The International Directory of Little Magazines and Small Presses, Gale Directory of Publications and Broadcast Media

• Serials List: Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature; New Serials Titles

78

Selection Tools for Serials

the process of securing materials for the library collection, whether by purchase, as gifts, or through exchange programs (Evans, 2000).

It is primarily concerned with the ordering, claiming and receipt of materials for the library (Gorman, 1998).

Acquisition of Resources

Materials given to the library from various local and foreign sources – individuals, institutions, foundations, Friends of the Library, alumni

Selection and acceptance criteria should be the same as those criteria for purchased materials

Dispose unwanted items

Gifts

Unwanted and duplicate materials

Exchange of own publications or materials between libraries/ institutions

Exchange

Also termed as “weeding”Removal of an item from the library’s active collection for the purpose of either discarding or sending it storage

DE-SELECTION

To keep the library collection in best possible condition

Alleviate space problems, especially for small libraries

Improve accessibility of the collections – removing old or seldom used materials

Reasons for weeding:

Appearance and general condition Superseded editions Duplicate titles Inappropriate, obsolete or incorrect sources of

information Obsolete technology Materials that are infested, dirty, shabby, worn

out, etc. Materials with small prints, brittle paper and

missing pages

Criteria for weeding:

Lack of time/Takes time from the regular routine

Lack of staff to do evaluation of materials for de selection

Cost involved and property accountability of librarian

Actual practice is seldom done – “the bigger the collection the better”

Problems in De-selection/weeding

Thank You