EML and Learning Design
Colin Tattersall
Educational Technology Expertise Centre
Open University of the Netherlands
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam RelationshipbetweenEML&LearningDesign WhyIthinkIMS-LDisimportant BriefsketchofIMS-LD Re-useinIMS-LD HowcanstaffbesupportedinusingIMS-LD? Summary Discussion
(IwillnotbeshowingpiecesofXML)
ColinTattersall
British,11yearsinNL; ComputerScientist; ExposuretoComputerBasedLearningand
IntelligentTutoringSystemsinlate80satCBLUnit,LeedsUniversity;
Lastfewyears:productmanageratsoftwarecompanyproducingXML-basedauthoring/contentmanagementsystems;
StartedatOUNLonNov.1st2002
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam Relationship between EML & Learning Design WhyIthinkIMS-LDisimportant BriefsketchofIMS-LD Re-useinIMS-LD HowcanstaffbesupportedinusingIMS-LD? Summary Discussion
EMLandLearningDesign(1)
EducationalModellingLanguage(EML) developedbyOUNLinthelatenineties madegenerallyavailableDecember2000 broughtintothestandardisationprocess,
formedthebasisfor….. IMSLearningDesignv1.0FinalSpecification
ApprovedFebruary10th2003
EMLandLearningDesign(2)
Someimportantdifferences:
EML IMS LD ProducedbyOUNLandmadeavailabletothelearningtechnologycommunity;
AspecificationdevelopedandpromotedbyIMS;
Containsacontentmodel,indicatinghowlearningobjectsshouldbestructured(basedontheDocBookDTD);
Nocontentmodel.UseofXHTMLrecommended,althoughothercontentsupported(egRTF);
Asingle,all-embracingapproachtodevelopinglearningexperiences;
Aframework,integratedwithIMSContentPackagingandintegratingIMSMetaData,IMSQuestion&TestInteroperability,IMSSimpleSequencingandotherIMSspecifications;
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam RelationshipbetweenEML&LearningDesign Why I think IMS-LD is important BriefsketchofIMS-LD Re-useinIMS-LD HowcanstaffbesupportedinusingIMS-LD? Summary Discussion
Myfirststepsinthee-learningworld
DownloadedMicrosoft’sLRN3.0Toolkit IMSContentPackaging IMSMeta-data
Downloadedallexamplecontentpackages Thingswerelookinggood….
Thingswerelookinggood,but…
Someengagingcontent,buteachexampleseemedtobeaslightvariationoftheprevious;
Learningfeltlike(only)consumingcontent Supportoftenlookedlikepage-turning
Isthisthestyleofe-learningthattheIMSspecificationsareabout?
FromLearningObjectstoLearningActivities
Whataboutsituationsinwhichlearninghappenswithoutlearningobjects?
Whataboutwhenseverallearnerscooperatetosolveaproblem?
Wherearetheteachersandstaff?
LearningDesign: Modellingtheperformanceofindividualand
grouplearningactivitiesdesignedtoattainlearning objectivesand,intheprocess,makinguseoflearning objects.
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam RelationshipbetweenEML&LearningDesign WhyIthinkIMS-LDisimportant Brief sketch of IMS-LD Re-useinIMS-LD HowcanstaffbesupportedinusingIMS-LD? Summary Discussion
MakingIMS-LD‘learningexperiences’
LearningprocessesaremodelledintheIMS-LD‘language’
Thesemodelsare‘played’inanIMS-LD-awareplayer;
Analogoustomarking-uplearningmaterialsinHTMLandhavingabrowserinterpretthem
IMS-LDconcepts
Peopleactindifferentroles workingtowardscertainobjectives byperforminglearning and/or support activities withinanenvironment,consistingoflearning
objectsandservicesusedintheperformanceoftheactivities.
Analogywithaplay….
play
Act 1 Act 2 Act 3 Act 4 Act 5
Role-part 1
Role-part 2
Role-part 4
Role-part 5
Role Activity Environment
Learning objects
Learning services
Activity-Description
Whodoeswhat,when?
Butwhatdostudentsandstaffsee?
Thediagramhelpstoidentifyroles,activities,acts,etc,easingthecreationofanXML-basedrepresentationofthelearningprocess;
Modellingisonething,experiencingthelearningdesignisanother;
TodaythereisnoIMS-LDplayer,but Animpressioncanbegainedthroughthe
prototypeEMLplayer…
Warning:youareabouttoseeDutchcontent
ReflectingonIMS-LDconcepts
Peopleactindifferentroles Students and facilitator
workingtowardscertainobjectives Understanding the role of learning technology standards
byperforminglearning and/or support activities Answering questions, discussing, reading, …
withinanenvironment,consistingoflearning objectsandservicesusedintheperformanceoftheactivities. Material on standards, discussion forum, …
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam RelationshipbetweenEML&LearningDesign WhyIthinkIMS-LDisimportant BriefsketchofIMS-LD Re-use in IMS-LD HowcanstaffbesupportedinusingIMS-LD? Summary Discussion
Re-useandIMS-LD
Separationoflearningobjectsandservicesfromtheeducationalmethodusedintheunitoflearning.
Individuallearningdesignscanbeappliedindifferentareas PBLinpsychology,computerscience,sociology,…
Learningobjectscanbeusedindifferentlearningdesigns AmapofNorthKorea:useinprogrammedinstruction,
PBL,Role-playingexercise
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam RelationshipbetweenEML&LearningDesign WhyIthinkIMS-LDisimportant BriefsketchofIMS-LD Re-useinIMS-LD How can staff be supported in using IMS-LD? Summary Discussion
Supporttoday
IMS-LDapprovedonFeb.10th2003; Stillquitealotthatneedstohappen:
NoIMS-LDplayeryet(EMLplayersthough) Noauthoringtoolsyet(someinitiativesthough)
But,staffcanalreadybenefitfromthephilosophyofIMSLDbyfocusingonlearners’activitiesandobjectives
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam RelationshipbetweenEML&LearningDesign WhyIthinkIMS-LDisimportant BriefsketchofIMS-LD Re-useinIMS-LD HowcanstaffbesupportedinusingIMS-LD? Summary Discussion
Summary:EML&LearningDesign
WenowhaveanapprovedIMSspecificationintheareaofpedagogy;
Willhelpputapproachestolearningandteachingonproductdevelopmentagendas;
Opportunitytomoveawayfromdesigningforlone-learnersreadingfromscreenstofocusontheperformanceofindividualandgrouplearningactivitiesdesignedtoattainlearningobjectives
Overview
AwordortwoonwhoIam RelationshipbetweenEML&LearningDesign WhyIthinkIMS-LDisimportant BriefsketchofIMS-LD Re-useinIMS-LD HowcanstaffbesupportedinusingIMS-LD? Summary Discussion