ASeminar
On UAV or DRON TECHNOLOGY
Presented by: Nagaling G Bittale 2KD11EC406
Under the guidance of
Mr: Darshankumar Billur
Assistant Professor
Department of Electronics & Communication
KLECET, Chikodi
• Introduction
• Classification of UAV’s
• Unmanned aircraft system elements
• Case study of Predator C : Avenger
• Advantages and Dis-advantages of UAV’s
• Applications of UAV’s
•Conclusion
• References
CONTENTS
PAGE NO 1Dept. of ECE,KLECET
INTRODUCTION An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as
a drone is an aircraft without a human pilot on board.
Its flight is either controlled autonomously by computers in the vehicle, or under the remote control of a pilot on the ground or in another vehicle.
There are a wide variety of drone shapes, sizes, configurations, and characteristics.
Historically, UAVs were simple remotely piloted aircraft , but autonomous control is increasingly being employed.
PAGE NO 2Dept. of ECE,KLECET
HISTORY August 22, 1849, when
the Austrians attacked the Italian city of Venice with unmanned balloons loaded with explosives.
The balloons were launched from the Austrian ship Vulcano.
THE AUSTRIAN BALL0ONS
PAGE NO 3Dept. of ECE,KLECET
The first pilotless aircraft were built during and shortly after World War I. Leading the way, using A. M. Low's radio control techniques, was the "Aerial Target" of 1916
Hewitt-Sperry Automatic Airplane, otherwise known as the "flying bomb" made its first flight, demonstrating the concept of an unmanned aircraft.
World War II : Reginald Denny and the Radioplane
World War I : worlds first uav 1916
The first large-scale production, purpose-built drone was the product of Reginald Denny.
Demonstrated a prototype target drone, the RP-1, to the US Army.Denny then bought a design from Walter Righter in 1938 and began
marketing it as the "Dennymite", and demonstrated it to the Army as the RP-2, and after modifications as the RP-3 and RP-4 in 1939.
They manufactured nearly fifteen thousand drones for the army during World War II.
PAGE NO 4Dept. of ECE,KLECET
CLASSIFICATION OF UAV’S
PAGE NO 5Dept. of ECE,KLECET
Fixed w ing UAV ’S Rota ry w ing UAV ’S
A i r sh ip U AV ’ S F lapp ing w ing UAV ’S
1.Based on platform
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Hybrid uav
PAGE NO 7Dept. of ECE,KLECET
2.Based on size & enduranceHale UAV’S
Male UAV’S
70,000 ft altitude,
35 h flight time, and
1,900 lb payload
High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) UAVs
Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) UAVs
50,000 ft altitude,
25/30 h flight time, and
450 lb payloadPAGE NO 8
Dept. of ECE,KLECET
Tactical UAV’S
Tactical UAVs such as the
Hunter, Shadow 200
30,000 ft altitude,
5–6 h flight time, and
25 kg payload.
PAGE NO 9Dept. of ECE,KLECET
70K
60KGlobal HawkGlobal Hawk
U-2U-2
Heron 1
Predator A
Heron 1
Predator A
50K
40K
30K
20K
10K
Alti
tude
10
2030
Endurance (hours)
Eagle Eye, Fire scout, Hunter, Pioneer
Eagle Eye, Fire scout, Hunter, Pioneer
HALEHALE
MediumMedium
TacticalTactical
Heron 2
Predator B
Heron 2
Predator B
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3.Based on Altitude
Dept. of ECE,KLECET
Uav system elements
PAGE NO 1 1Dept. of ECE,KLECET
An Unmanned Aircraft or Aerial System can be divided into three distinct elements:
1.THE VEHICLE OR PLATFORM
1.1 THE AIRFRAME
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The airframe of an aircraft is its mechanical structure. It is typically considered to include fuselage, wings and
undercarriage and exclude the propulsion. Airframe design is a field of aerospace engineering that
combines aerodynamics, materials technology and manufacturing methods to achieve balances of performance, reliability and cost.
Dept. of ECE,KLECET
1.2 THE PROPULSION SYSTEM
Turbojet Engine
PAGE NO 13Dept. of ECE,KLECET
1.3 SENSE & AVOID SYSTEM
GYROSCOPE
ACCELEROMETER
A Gyroscope is a device for measuring or maintaining orientation, based on the principles of angular momentum.
Mechanically, a gyroscope is a spinning wheel or disk in which the axle is free to assume any orientation
An Accelerometer is a device that measures acceleration. Accelerometers are sensors that can measure the acceleration of the
body in a specific direction
PAGE NO 14Dept. of ECE,KLECET
2 .The Payload2.1 ELECTRO-OPTICAL SENSING SYSTEMS
AND INFRARED SYSTEMS
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To provide ground forces critical, time-sensitive information about the people hiding around the corner or entering a town by vehicle.
Strapped to manned aircraft or aerial drones, these multispectral sensors operate in multiple modes – usually with both day (electro-optical camera) and night (infrared camera) capability.
Dept. of ECE,KLECET
2.1 Synthetic aperture radar
PAGE NO 16Dept. of ECE,KLECET
2.2 Munitions
Fielding larger Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) ,such as MQ-9 reaper, capable of carrying much heavier payloads such as laser guided gravity dropped bombs and SDB bombs.
The main benefit of such weapons is their relative low cost, ability to deploy from high altitude and absence of visual launch signature. PAGE NO 17
Dept. of ECE,KLECET
3.GCS Control System of UAV
PAGE NO 18Dept. of ECE,KLECET
CASE STUDY OF PREDATOR C: AVENGER
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Its first flight occurred on 4 April 2011.
Unlike the previous MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper (Predator B) drones.
The Avenger is powered by a turbofan engine, and its design includes stealth
Features such as internal weapons storage, and an S-shaped exhaust for reduced heat and radar signature.
Dept. of ECE,KLECET
2.Performance Maximum speed: 460 mph (740 km/h; 400 kn) Cruise speed: 402 mph (349 kn; 647 km/h) Endurance: 18 hours
3.Armament Internal weapons bay with 3,500 pounds (1,600 kg) capacity. 6 external hard points. 6,500 pounds (2,900 kg) payload total.
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1. General characteristics Length: 44 ft (13 m) Wingspan: 66 ft (20 m) Weight: 18,200 lb (8,255 kg) Fuel capacity: 7,900 pounds (3,600 kg)
SPECIFICATIONS
Dept. of ECE,KLECET
Advantages of uav
Doesn’t require a qualified pilot.
Can enter any environments.
Reduces exposure risk of the aircraft operator.
Can stay in the air for up to 30 hours.
Can be programmed to complete the mission
autonomously.
PAGE NO 21Dept. of ECE,KLECET
DIS-Advantages of uav Costly compared to manned vehicles.
Limited Abilities.
More hardware complexity.
PAGE NO 22Dept. of ECE,KLECET
Applications of uav
Remote Sensing
Aerial Surveillance
Transport
Search&Rescue
Armed Attacks
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CONCLUSION
With more research and technological advances, it is possible that the UAV may well replace manned combat aircraft in the future.
The advantages of UAV against manned aircraft are numerous. First is the risk of being shot down.
PAGE NO 24Dept. of ECE,KLECET
REFERENCES Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle
History of unmanned aerial vehiclesHttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_unmanned_aerial_vehicles
Autonomous Flying Robotshttp://books.google.co.in/books?isbn=4431538569
US Navy UAVs in Action http://www.theuav.com/
General Atomics Predator C Avenger http://General_Atomics_Avenger
PAGE NO 25Dept. of ECE,KLECET
THANK YOU
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