The Dollars & Sense of going green
Combustible Dust…an Explosive IssuePresented byJamison [email protected]
www.airhand.comwww.airhand.comMore info on combustible dust: http://www.airhand.com/combustibledust.asp
Combustible Dust
• What is it?• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Va1sJF5_f-8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRw4ZRqmxOc&NR=1
• Who is in charge?
• Can it happen in my shop?
• Prevention
Air Handling Systems - Copyright 2009 For informational use only
What is It?
Air Handling Systems - Copyright 2009 For informational use only
Combustible dusts are fine particles that present an explosion hazard when suspendedin air in certain conditions. Source: OSHA Fact Sheet.
What is It?
• Combustible Fine Particles:– Deflagrable Wood Dust 420 micons (.425 mm, 425
um micrometers, .0165”) or smaller (having moisture content of less than 25%). Material that will pass through U.S. No. 40 Standard Sieve. Size of fairly coarse sand.*
• 1/32 of dust – thickness of dime.• OSHA continues crackdown on combustible dust
hazards Published: August 11, 2009, By Rich Christianson http://www.iswonline.com/ArticleLanding/tabid/67/Default.aspx?tid=1&contentid=824632&issueid=743
Air Handling Systems - Copyright 2009 For informational use only
*Source NFPA 3.3.24.2
What is It – Classic Fire Triangle
Remove any one element
eliminates the possibility of fire.
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What is It – Dust Explosion Pentagon
Remove any one element prevents explosion, but not necessarily fire!*
*the concentration of suspended dust must be within an explosible range, lowest amount of dust in air that will explode, referred to as Minimum Explosible Concentration (MEC) – (1)
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What is It – Primary, Secondary
• Primary Issues– Explosion
• Secondary Issues– Disturbing of dust on structural supports
can create a secondary source of fuel– Video Clip: http://www.chemsafety.gov/videoroom/detail.aspx?VID=33
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Who’s in charge
Regulatory Alphabet of Organizations & Agencies• OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• July 2005 – Combustible Dust in Industry: Preventing and Mitigating the Effects of Fire and Explosions• February 2008 – Imperial Sugar, dust explosion and subsequent fire at a sugar refinery in Port Wentworth, Georgia, caused 14
deaths and left many others seriously injured.• March 2008 - Hazard Alert: Combustible Dust Explosions. OSHA Fact Sheet• April 2009 – See Congress below• 2009 - Hazard Communication Guidance for Combustible Dust OSHA 3371-08 2009• October 21, 2009 - Combustible Dust ANPR• October 2009 – Status Report on Combustible Dust National Emphasis Program
• Congress• April 2008 - The House passes the Worker Protection Against Combustible Dust Explosion and Fire Act, H.R. 5522 by a vote of 24
7-165 and referred to the Senate. • Feb 2009 – H.R. 849: Worker Protection Against Combustible Dust Explosions and Fires Act of 2009. Same as H.R. 5522.
Status: Refferred to Committee. Since OSHA is taking action, the bill will probably NOT make it out of committee.
• NFPA – National Fire Protection Association• NFPA 68: Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting. • NFPA 654: Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of
Combustible Particulate Solids. NFPA 654: Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids. Recommendations commonly referred to Fire Local Fire Officials.
• US Chemical Safety Board• October 6, 2009 - http://www.chemsafety.gov/videoroom/detail.aspx?VID=33 (minutes 3-5:30)
• Insurance Companies• FM Global - Prevention and mitigation of combustible dust Air Handling Systems - Copyright 2009
For informational use only
Who’s REALLY in charge
Sugar Refinery Ignored Explosive Dust Before BlastSeptember 25, 2009 by Rruss Bynum, Associated Press Writerhttp://www.impomag.com/scripts/ShowPR.asp?RID=11927&CommonCount=0
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Can it happen in my shop?
(2) www.woodchuckles.comAir Handling Systems - Copyright 2009 For informational use only
Can it happen in my shop?
• We will assume you are not Fred and you already have a dust collection system.– Dust Collector.– Hanging Air Filter for ambient dust.– Shop Vac or Vac Kit which attaches to your dust system for everything
else.• How big is your shop?
– Combustible Dust - Size of shop doesn’t matter, size of dust does.– NFPA 664 larger than 5,000 sq ft or collector greater than 1500 cfm– OSHA can inspect any facility (reduced FINES for smaller shops).
• Housekeeping– Essential in any size shop - Less than 10 employee’s
maybe safe from OSHA recording standards, but not Fire Marshall or Insurance Co.
– Ever have that cloud of dust in your shop from changinga bag or emptying a drum on a collector?
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Can it happen in my shop?
Firefighters put out sawdust fire at Cole Hardwood September, 12 2009 LOGANSPORT, IN – No injuries were reported fire that damaged a silo. The reported 42,000-cubic-foot silo held sawdust that was burned as fuel to generate steam heat for the company’s dry kilns. The newspaper quoted co-owner of the lumber company, as saying that safety valves integrated into the dust collection system prevented a potential serious explosion. “I’m just happy no one got hurt,”. Source: http://www.iswonline.com/IndustryNewsLanding/tabid/61/Default.aspx?tid=2&ContentID=834779
Dust Causes Plant Fire In Mason CitySeptember 23, 2009, MASON CITY, Iowa (AP) — Authorities say no one was injured in a small fire that forced the evacuation of a door manufacturing plant in Mason City. Fire Capt. says sawdust caught fire and the spark was probably caused by some machinery. http://www.chem.info/ShowPR~PUBCODE~075~ACCT~0000100~ISSUE~0909~ORIGRELTYPE~TJI~RELTYPE~PR~PRODCODE~0000~PRODLETT~JY.htm
Local business evacuated for fireNovember 3, 2009 WQOW TV News 18 - Eau Claire,USA "The fire was contained to the dust collection system, caused probably by a spark, some sort of spark from one of the motors in the system. http://www.wqow.com/Global/story.asp?S=11436558
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Prevention(based on OSHA – ANPR)
• Hazard Assessment
• Engineering Controls
• Housekeeping
• Building Design
• Explosion Protection
• Operating Procedures
• Worker Training
Source OSHA ANPRAir Handling Systems - Copyright 2009
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Prevention - Hazard Assessment
Hazard Assessment• Recognition• Assessment• Communication
– HazCom Standard, MSDS
• Industry Standards– NFPA
• State and Local Codes– NFPA
Source OSHA ANPRAir Handling Systems - Copyright 2009
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Prevention – Engineering Controls
• Engineering Controls– Fixed measures that are built into a facility or
processing equipment to remove or minimize hazard.
• Primary (building, facility)– Prevent accumulation of dust on surfaces - beams
• Secondary (equipment)– Dust Collection Systems– Sprinkler system
• Administrative Controls– Written rules and procedures
Source OSHA ANPRAir Handling Systems - Copyright 2009
For informational use only
Prevention - Housekeeping
• Good Housekeeping– What is fugitive dust?
• Dust layers as thin as 1/32 of an inch, so if you see dust, don’t ignore it.
• Clean it up and examine where it’s coming from. Seal all openings in processing and conveying equipment to prevent the release of dust.
• When you inspect your workplace also consider overhead beams, electrical cabletrays, lighting fixtures, and “invisible” areas such as areas above false ceilings. – Source NFPA http://www.nfpa.org/publicJournalDetail.asp?categoryID=1691&itemID=40964&src=NFPAJournal
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Prevention - Housekeeping
• Dust Collectors – Clean it Up!– Explosion Relief – Deflagration Venting
• NFPA 68 Example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=af4IANnITeM&NR=1
– Dust Collectors• NFPA 664 larger than 5,000 sq ft or collector
greater than 1500 cfm)
– Changing filters, bags, tightening clamps.
• Sprinklers – Test, Test, Test– Building– Dust Collectors and Ductwork
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Appendix A Combustible Dust in Industry: Preventing and Mitigating the Effects of Fire and Explosions
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Appendix B Hazard Alert: Combustible Dust Explosions. OSHA Fact Sheet, (2008, March)
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Appendix C Hazard Communication Guidance for Combustible Dusts OSHA 3371-08 2009
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Appendix DOSHA ANPR
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Appendix EStatus Report on Combustible Dust National Emphasis Program
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Appendix FCongress
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Appendix GFM Global – an Insurer’s View
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Resources• OSHA – Occupational Safety & Health Administration - http://www.osha.gov/
• Combustible Dust: http://www.osha.gov/dsg/combustibledust/index.html• OSHA Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2009/pdf/E9-25075.pdf
• Congress - http://thomas.loc.gov/
• NFPA - http://www.nfpa.org
• NFPA 68: Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting• http://www.nfpa.org/aboutthecodes/AboutTheCodes.asp?DocNum=68
• NFPA 654: Standard for the Prevention of Fire and Dust Explosions from the Manufacturing, Processing, and Handling of Combustible Particulate Solids
• http://www.nfpa.org/aboutthecodes/AboutTheCodes.asp?DocNum=654
• NFPA 664: Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Explosions in Wood Processing and Woodworking Facilities• http://www.nfpa.org/aboutthecodes/AboutTheCodes.asp?DocNum=664
• US Chemical Safety Board - http://www.chemsafety.gov/
• Imperial Sugar Company Dust Explosion and Fire• http://www.chemsafety.gov/investigations/detail.aspx?SID=6
• Insurance Company - http://www.fmglobal.com (registration required)
• Loss Prevention Data Sheet 7-73, Dust Collectors and Collection Systems• Loss Prevention Data Sheet 7-76, Prevention and Mitigation of Combustible Dust Explosions and Fires
• Combustible Dust Policy Institute• http://dustexplosions.blogspot.com/
• Linkedin - The Combustible Dust Forum• http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=946657&trk=myg_ugrp_ovr
• Building Code Reference Library• http://www.reedconstructiondata.com/building-codes
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