Home Building Pre-construction
General Preparations
• Building Lot 2400 sq. ft.• ECR• Zoning• Prevailing Price 4000/sq.
ft.• Utility status (electricity,
water, sewage)
Financial Calculations
• Contingency• Square footage costs
Set up accounts with two different lumber companies. Also set up accounts with one of the following: concrete supplier,
electrical supplier, plumbing and mechanical supplier
Project Proposal
Bugeted 3,200,000₹ Cashcompany reserve Location ECR
Area 2500 sq.ft
Shortage
50% advanceInstallment payment
850000850000
1700000
Financial Position1500000
160,000₹
Cost sheet
400000350000700000300000
1750000
1510004200045000
2500240500
32145501339.396cost per sq ft
Total cost
water and sewerage permissioncompletion certficate cost
Total legal charges
Electicity permission
Total labour cost
Legal costBuilding permission
Labour costLabour contract
Plumbing contractpaninting and interior contract
Electric contract
Financing
• Property and construction loans
• Banks• Credit Unions• Mortgage brokers• Private financing• Savings/IRA• Collateral• Advance from Customer
Why a Villa in ECR?• Proximity to elementary, middle and high schools, religious institutions,
shopping and business districts etc.• Houses that are priced near the median range in ECR will sell easier and
appreciate faster.• Distance to railroads, land fills, toxic storage sites and fuel storage sites.• Proper electrical power lines located/near the property• No easements which restrict the placement of the house on the property,
or affect property rights.• Good neighbourhood association• Distance from busy streets, highways, freeways, etc.• Good soil conditions
House plans
• Plan books• Home designer• Architect- Mr.
Lakshmi Nayagam. B.E.(Civil)
• Specifications
Engineers
• Structural engineer-Mr. Lakshmi Nayagam. B.E.(Civil)
• Geotechnical engineer (Soils engineer)
Specifications• Master Bedroom 4mx4m• Doors: D1: 1000mmx724mm D2: 860mmx450mm D3: 600mmx300mm• Windows: 700mmx400mm• Ventilator: 300mmx200mm• Kennel House: 1mx1.5m• Compound Wall: 300mm
thick• Total Area: 16.5mx13m =220sq.m =2400 Sq. ft.
Building Permit
• A building permit is written authorization granted by the building department to build a structure.
• The permit allows the holder to build in accordance with the construction documents submitted to obtain the permit.
• Each jurisdiction has different documentation requirement for obtaining a permit. Check with your local building department before you begin your project.
APPROVALS FOR NEW HOUSE BUILDING FROM GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS
• Planning Permission from Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA)
• Affidavit Land Documents.• Building Permission from Chennai Municipal Corporation.• Applying for Permanent Electricity Connection to Tamilnadu State
Electricity Board.• Application for permanent Water and Sewerage connection to
Chennai Municipal Water supply and Sewerage Board(CMWSSB).• No Objection Certificate from Tamilnadu Fire and Rescue Department • Completion Certificate from Chennai Metropolitan Development
Authority.
PLANNING PERMISSION FROM CMDA
• As per Development Control Rules
2004, Fill form-A and Form-B
• Contains Detail Plan, layouts, Specifications.• Scrutinize the House Plan with Government Officials.
Finally!!!!!
Get Green Signal to Build House !!!!!
Approx. cost : INR 4500
BUILDING PERMISSION FROM CMC, TN
• Furnish detail plan with licensed surveyor.
• Attach Key map of location, Affidavit, Registered sale deed Documents.
• Pay the Building Permit Fee as per building area, scrutiny fee and registration fee.
• i.e. Build up area> 200 sq.mt., building fee will be INR 460 per 10sq mt.
• Total fee : Approx. : INR 151,000
Electricity permission from TNSEB
• Fill form-1 from section office Chennai.
• Comply with house documents and necessary power requirement , pay fees get electricity connection.
• Fee: INR 42000
• Duration : Max. 45 days
Water and sewerage connection from CMWSSB
Fill water and sewerage connection form to Chennai Metropolitan water supply and sewerage Board.Pay connection charges to CMWSSB office with sanctioned plan .
Fee: INR 45000
Duration : Max 45 Days
Completion certificate from CMDAAfter completing all building activity, get completion certificate from CMDA.
Fee: INR 2500
Duration : Max 15 days
Finding Qualified Subcontractors
• Find a sub contractor that has been recommended by a builder or a friend familiar with their work.
• Meet with the sub to get an impression of them and their work
• Inspect at least two examples of their current work.
• Get a list of the last three jobs they have completed. Talk with the owner or builder of those jobs
Bid package
• Invitation to Bid (includes a scope of work, anticipated construction schedule and bidding deadline)
• The plans• Sample contract• The specifications
Human Resource Planning
Contracts• Owner-contractor agreement,
or owner-subcontractor agreement for owner-builders
• Specifications• Description of materials• Engineering calculations• Change orders• Any addendum or
supplementary conditions or clauses that are added to the above documents.
MANAGAER
CIVIL ENGINEER
ASSITANT C.E
CONTRACTOR
CHIEF SUPERVISOR
BUILDER
SUPERVISOR
LABOURS
ELECTRICAL
SUPERVISOR
LABOURS
PLUMBING
SUPERVISOR
LABOURS
PAINTING
SUPERVISOR
LABOURS
PURCHASE HEAD
ASSITANT PURCHASE OFFICER
FINANCE CONTROLLER
ASSISTANT FINANCIER
ARCHITECTURE
SURVEYOR
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE OF CONSTRUCTION COMPANY
MANAGERIAL ROLES
INTERPERSONAL ROLE
FIGU
REHE
AD
• MANAGERLE
ADER
• MANGER(T.L)• CONTRACTOR
(B.L) LIAS
ION • CHIEF
SUPERVISOR
MANAGERIAL ROLES
INFORMATION ROLE
MO
NIT
OR
• CIVIL ENGINEER.
• CHIEF SUPERVISOR
• CONTRACTOR
SPO
KESM
AN
• MANAGER (T.L)• CONTRACTOR
(B.L)
MANAGERIAL ROLES
DECISION ROLEDI
STU
RBAN
CE H
ANDL
ER • CIVIL ENGINEER
• CONTRACTORRE
SOU
RCE
ALLO
CATO
R • CONTRACTOR• PURCHACE
HEAD
NEG
OTI
ATO
R • FINANCE CONTROLLER
• CONTRACTOR
TOTAL EMPLOYEE LIST
TYPE OF JOB NO.OF EMPLOYEES
PERMANENT 10
CONTRACT LABOURS 29
PERMANENT EMPLOYEES SALARY DESIGNATION SALARY P/M
Rs.DESIGNATION SALARY P/M
Rs.
MANAGER 40,000 SURVEYOR 20,000
CIVIL ENGG 30,000 ARCHITECT 30,000
ASS.CIVIL.ENGG 12,000 CHIEF SUPERVISOR
25,000
FINANCE CONTROLLER 35,000
ASST F.C 12,000 TOTAL: 2,46,000
PURCHASE OFFICER 30,000
ASST P.O 12,000
DESIGNATION NO.OF EMPLOYEE SALARY / DAY RsSUPERVISOR (BUILDING) 1 400LABOUR(BUILDING) 10 300 (3000) (SUPERVISOR (ELECTRICAL) 1 400
LABOUR (ELECTRICAL) 5 300 (1500)
SUPERVISOR(PLUMBING) 1 400LABOUR (PLUMBING) 5 300 (1500)SUPERVISOR (PAINTING) 1 400
LABOUR (PAINTING) 5 300 (1500)
TOTAL 19500
CONTRACT EMPLOYEES SALARY
Note: If any employee works over time add extra 30Rs /hour
SAFETY EQUIPMENTS
• Eye and Face Protection
• Safety glasses or face shields are worn anytime work operations
can cause foreign objects getting into the eye such as during
welding, cutting, grinding, nailing (or when working with
concrete and/or harmful chemicals or when exposed to flying
particles).
• Eye and face protectors are selected based on anticipated
hazards.
• Safety glasses or face shields are worn when exposed to any
electrical hazards including work on energized electrical systems.
• Foot Protection
• Construction workers should wear work shoes or boots with
slip-resistant and puncture-resistant soles.
• Safety-toed footwear is worn to prevent crushed toes when
working around heavy equipment or falling objects.
• Hand Protection
• Gloves should fit snugly.
• Workers wear the right gloves for the job (for example, heavy-
duty rubber gloves for concrete work, welding gloves for
welding, insulated gloves and sleeves when exposed to electrical
hazards).
SAFETY EQUIPMENTS
• Head Protection
• Workers shall wear hard hats where there is a
potential for objects falling from above, bumps to
their heads from fixed objects, or of accidental
head contact with electrical hazards.
• Hard hats are routinely inspected for dents, cracks
or deterioration.
• Hard hats are replaced after a heavy blow or
electrical shock.
• Hard hats are maintained in good condition.
SAFETY EQUIPMENTS
Home Building Phase 1
Temporary Services
• Temporary electricity• Temporary toilets• Temporary Water • Trash disposal• Temporary
accommodations
Surveying
• Laying it out yourself.• Marking the
perimeter• Setback variance
Excavation
• Marking Utilities• Foundation Depth• Contract• Review• Safety and Liability• Savings
Footings & Foundation
• Costing and Estimate• Inspection• Safety and Security
Foundation Options
• Basements • Crawlspace
• Slabs/Monopour
Foundation Options
• Stem Wall Slab
Sub rough Plumbing and HVAC
• Basement foundation/slab on grade.
• Radiant floor Heating
Damp proofing, Waterproofing and
Window Wells
• Damp proofing and waterproofing
• Vapour barriers
Water & Sewer Laterals
• Modern Sewer lateral is pipe is made from plastic pipe, either ABS or PVC. Traditionally sewer lateral was made from clay, cast iron, concrete, or tar fiber pipe
Foundation Drain, Backfill & Rough Grading
• Foundation drain• Backfill around the
foundation and garage
• Fill the basement interior
• Rough grade
Pouring the slab• Before the concrete truck arrives the level
of the slab is marked on the side of the foundation walls with a chalk line. Screed boards are placed in the middle of the floor at the same height to ensure that the slab is level. The concrete is then poured, leveled and finished.
• Care must be taken not to drive the concrete truck too close to the foundation and especially not on top of the backfill that was recently placed against the foundation walls. Many foundations have been cracked, bowed or have collapsed due to the pressure of concrete trucks, bull dozers, and excavators.
• If hiring a contractor for flatwork, check previous work for flatness and smoothness.
Home Building Phase 2
Framing• Framing is one of the most exciting
phases of the construction process. During the framing phase you will watch the house take shape. Most people get very excited when the framing is done, thinking that the house is almost built. In reality, the house is only about one-third complete.
• The framing must be accurate• If the framing is poor quality, the
drywall won't be flat, the floors will squeak, and doors will not close correctly.
• The job of the general contractor is to make sure the framers follow the plans and the building code.
The Roof• The roof is formed with pre-
manufactured trusses or stick-built on-site.
• The city inspector will usually request the truss engineering calculation during the framing inspection
• The time it takes to frame your house will depend on the size, complexity, and weather conditions
City Framing Inspection
• The city will require a framing inspection. The inspector will check that the building codes are followed
Windows and exterior doors
• Doors• Steel• Fiberglass• Side lights• Windows(Vinyl,
Aluminium, Wood/vinyl combination/aluminium)
Rough Plumbing
• DWV and Supply• Planning • Placement and
location
Rough Electrical
• Materials used on the job, i.e. type and colour of switches, and outlets. Size and models of breaker panel, breakers and service panel.
• Location of service panel, breaker panel and sub panels.
• Types, Colours and brand name of All light fixtures
• Verify placement of switch boxes, fixture boxes, appliances leads, breaker panel, service panel with the blueprints.
• Verify materials and equipment with spec sheet.
Home Building Phase 3
Wall Insulation• Insulation is required in all
external walls to prevent heat loss in winter or heat gain in the summer
• Type of the insulation to be installed.
• Sealing crack and penetrations in walls around windows and doors.
• Sealing penetrations through top and bottom plates around pipes wires and ductwork
Drywall• Drywall, also known as
Sheetrock™ or gypsum board (Sheetrock is a trademark name of USG), is used to cover the interior walls of the structure.
• Ceiling finish• Wall finish• Type and thickness of Drywall
installed.• The purpose of the three step
taping process is to seal the joints adding shear strength to the panels
Finish Carpentry
• hanging interior doors (sometimes hanging exterior doors and windows... although framers often do this depending on the type of window)
• casing/trimming windows and doors• installing baseboard and specialty
moldings such as crown moldings and chair moldings
• constructing built in shelves in closets, pantries and alcoves
• installing hand rails, stair rails and balcony rails.
• installing hardwood flooring• installing stair treads and stair
skirting
Paint• Latex (water based) paint is used
for drywall and MDF board while oil based paints, stains and finishes are used for real wood
• Single tone paint jobs are common in low cost tract housing.
• Paint description (brand, grade, color, sheen, etc.)
• Number of tones and where they are to be used
• Exterior doors and jambs should be included in the interior painting contract if no exterior painting is required (i.e. brick exterior).
Attic & Crawlspace Insulation
• Venting the Attic: The attic space needs to be well vented. It usually takes less than a day to complete an average attic space.
Hard Floor Coverings
Floor covering material
Comments
VinylInexpensive for the cheaper lines, installs quickly, fairly durable, low maintenance, water won't damage it. Often used in kitchens, and baths of tract homes.
Hardwood
Will last a lifetime if cared for, looks fantastic, many different species and stains available, can be refinished a different color. Expensive to install, suceptible to water damage. Fairly high upkeep cost.
Ceramic tile
Will last lifetime, good looking, many styles, sizes colors and textures available, durable, not affected by water, very low maintenance. Difficult to remove if you want to change style or color.
marble/stone
Will last a life time, expensive look, durable, expensive.
Laminate floor
Authenticates wood and stone fairly well, durable, installs quickly, low maintenance, inexpensive and one of the easier do-it-yourself project.
• Hard floor coverings are installed right after the painting has been completed
• Hard flooring is critical in the timeline because it will hold up the cabinets and finish plumbing if not scheduled on time
Home Building Phase 4
Roofing
• There are many different types of roofing. From traditional shakes, and tile to modern asphalt, steel, and fibre-cement the choices appear to almost unlimited
Shingle Type Initial cost Long-term cost Longevity typical (years)
Selection of styles and colors
3-tab Asphalt Very low Medium/High 20-30 LargeArchitectural
asphalt Low Medium 25-40 Large
Wood Shake/shingle Very high High 15-30 Small
Steel roof High Low 40-50+ LargeCement/clay tile High Low 40-50+ Medium
Final Grade & Exterior Concrete
• Concrete Preparation• Landscaping Plan• Gravel Base• Irrigation & exterior
lights
Soffit & Fascia• Venting• Gutters• Seamless• Storm Water
Electrical & Gas Laterals
• The electrical lateral (sometimes called service lateral) is the power wire that travels from the city transformer to the exterior service panel of the house
Masonry• Brick is virtually maintenance
free. It never needs painting, caulking or staining.
• Brick will not burn, which can lower homeowner insurance rates.
• Brick is energy efficient.• Brick is an effective sound
barrier.• Brick homes have market
appeal.• Brick homes have a excellent
resale value.
Intro to Stone• Stone has been used for thousands of
years as a construction material. Like brick, stone was used as a structural wall in buildings hundreds of years ago. Today stone is used as a veneer and carries no structural weight except itself.
• Real Versus Cultured Stone• Real stone looks "real"• Cultured stone installs quicker• Some cultured stones look phony (some
types are more "authentic looking" than others).
• Cultured stone is cheaper.
Stucco
• Stucco has been used in architecture for thousands of years
• It is durable, relative maintenance free, and offers unlimited design possibilities
• Two-coat synthetic• EIFS
Siding
• Vinyl, Steel, and Aluminum (interlocking siding).
• Wood siding
Home Building Phase 5• Shower Surrounds and
Wall Tile• Cabinets & Countertops• Finish Plumbing, HVAC &
Electrical• Carpet• Hardware Installation• Final Inspection• Punch list & Final Cleaning
Important Task
• We should try to Visit the site frequently to check progress.
• We should be available by phone during business hours as questions always arise.
• We should make frequent inspections and quality checks during the project.
• We should coordinate the delivery of supplies, and especially the trusses.
• We should have a dumpster delivered prior to framing
Conceptual Design
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