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Page 1: Ch 8 &9

Ch 8 &9

Page 2: Ch 8 &9

Catalyst:

• How do you get energy for you cells from the sun???

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8-1: Energy and Life

• Energy is the ability to do work

• How do you get energy for you cells from the sun???• The answer involves 3 type of energy

SUN GLUCOSE ATP

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ATP

• ATP is the type of energy that cells can use– AdenosineTriphosphate (ATP)

3 phosphate groups

Adenine base

Ribose sugar

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Worksheet review

• ATP is the type of energy that cells can use– AdenosineTriphosphate (ATP)

Energy Storing Reaction

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• ATP is the type of energy that cells can use– AdenosineTriphosphate (ATP)

Energy Releasing Reaction

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SUN GLUCOSE ATP

How do you get energy for you cells from the sun???

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SUN GLUCOSE ATP

photosynthesis respiration

How do you get energy for you cells from the sun???

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8-2: Photosynthesis

• In the presence of light, carbon dioxide and water is transformed into carbohydrate and oxygen.

CO2 = carbon dioxide

H2O = water

C6H12O6 = glucose (carbohydrate)

O2 = oxygen

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Review: Chemical Reactions

CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2

What are the products? What are the reactants?

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Photosynthesis

CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2

• This process occurs in the chloroplast and can occur because of the pigment chlorophyll.– A pigment is a protein molecule that can absorb

light energy.

reactants products

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• The principal pigment in plants is– A. chlorophyll. – B. oxygen. – C. ADP. – D. ATP. – E. NADPH.

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• The principal pigment in plants is– A. chlorophyll. – B. oxygen. – C. ADP. – D. ATP. – E. NADPH.

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• In which organelles would chlorophyll pigments be found?– A. vacuoles – B. centrioles – C. mitochondria – D. chloroplasts – E. ATP

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• In which organelles would chlorophyll pigments be found?– A. vacuoles – B. centrioles – C. mitochondria – D. chloroplasts – E. ATP

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CHLOROPLAST

light

oxygen glucose

Carbon dioxidewater

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• Which equation best summarizes the process of photosynthesis? – A. – B. – C. – D. – E.

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• Which equation best summarizes the process of photosynthesis? – A. – B. – C. – D. – E.

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• In a typical plant, all of the following factors are necessary for photosynthesis EXCEPT – A. chlorophyll. – B. light. – C. oxygen. – D. carbon dioxide. – E. water.

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• In a typical plant, all of the following factors are necessary for photosynthesis EXCEPT – A. chlorophyll. – B. light. – C. oxygen. – D. carbon dioxide. – E. water.

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Analyzing Data pg 213

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• Factors Affecting Photosynthesis and Plant Adaptations

• Water– Waxy cuticle on plants in dry climates reduces water loss

• Temperature– Enzymes needed for photosynthesis work best 0-30oC

• Intensity of Light– Plants work best in range of light intensity

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Fall Colors• In the fall, because of changes in the length of daylight

and changes in temperature, the leaves stop their food-making process. The chlorophyll breaks down, the green color disappears, and the yellow to orange colors become visible and give the leaves part of their fall splendor.

• http://www.esf.edu/pubprog/brochure/leaves/leaves.htm

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SUN GLUCOSE ATP

photosynthesis respiration

How do you get energy for you cells from the sun???

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CH 9-1: Chemical Pathways

• Calorie: amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree C

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CH 9-1: Chemical Pathways

• Food Energy the cell can use (ATP)– First step = glycolysis– Can then be completed with or without oxygen• Aerobic Respiration• Anaeronic Respiration

GLUCOSE ATP

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Making ATP

Without Oxygen With OxygenFermentation/ Anaerobic Respiration• Alcoholic Fermentation• Lactic Acid Fermentation

Aerobic Respiration

Makes 2 net ATP/Glucose Makes 36 net ATP/Glucose

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Review: Chemical Reactions

C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP

What are the products? What are the reactants?

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C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP

Cellular Respiration

reactantsproducts

This process occurs in the mitochondria.

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• What raw materials are needed for cellular respiration? – A. glucose and carbon dioxide – B. glucose and oxygen – C. carbon dioxide and oxygen – D. oxygen and lactic acid – E. carbon dioxide and water

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• What raw materials are needed for cellular respiration? – A. glucose and carbon dioxide – B. glucose and oxygen – C. carbon dioxide and oxygen – D. oxygen and lactic acid – E. carbon dioxide and water

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GlucoseOxygen

Carbon DioxideATP

Water

MITOCHONDRIA

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• Which of the following best represents the waste products of cellular respiration? – A. CO2

– B. H2O

– C. O2

– D. CO2 and H2O

– E. CO2 and O2

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• Which of the following best represents the waste products of cellular respiration? – A. CO2

– B. H2O

– C. O2

– D. CO2 and H2O

– E. CO2 and O2

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• In eukaryotic cells, most of cellular respiration takes place in the – A. nuclei. – B. cytoplasm. – C. mitochondria. – D. cell walls. – E. centrioles.

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• In eukaryotic cells, most of cellular respiration takes place in the – A. nuclei. – B. cytoplasm. – C. mitochondria. – D. cell walls. – E. centrioles.

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Autotroph Heterotroph

Able to make own food Obtain energy from food

Photosynthesis ex) plants ex)algae ex)phytoplanktonChemosynthesis ex) bacteria

Herbivores ex) deerCarnivores ex) wolfDetrivores ex) vulture Decomposers ex) fungi

Review

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SUN GLUCOSE ATP

photosynthesis respiration

How do you get energy for you cells from the sun???

GLUCOSE from food

ATP

respiration

Autotrophs:

Heterotrophs:

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Energy

Sunlight ? ATP

Glucose and

Oxygen

?

Carbon dioxide

and Water

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Energy

Sunlight Photosynthesis ATP

Glucose and

Oxygen

Cellular Respiration

Carbon dioxide

and Water

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Energy Organelles• Mitochondria and Chloroplast both have shapes with high

surface area to volume ratios to increase membrane space for reactions to occur

• Both evolved from prokaryotes by the process of endosymbiosis

– Both have DNA separate from nuclear DNA

• In humans, all mDNA inherited from mother

– Both have membrane proteins more similar to bacteria than the cells membrane – Both reproduce independently of cell

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CatalystPrefix/Suffix What do you

think it means???

What it does mean.

-synthesisPhoto-Chemo-AerobicAn-


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