© Copyright 2014
SAE INTERNATIONAL
© Copyright 2014
“AUTOMATED DRIVING –WHAT COMES FIRST: CARS OR STANDARDS?”
The Future Networked Car 2014Geneva International Motor Show
Jack Pokrzywa
SAE International
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
Today’s (near) reality
2
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
Today’s (near) reality
3
In the US:
California, Florida, Nevada and D.C. jurisdictions are setting ground rules for self-driving cars on public roads.
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
Today’s (near) reality
4
No European legislation yet
The Vienna Convention Article 8.5: ’Every driver shall at all times, be able to control his vehicle or to
guide his animals.’
In the US:
California, Florida, Nevada and D.C. jurisdictions are setting ground rules for self-driving cars on public roads.
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
Today’s (near) reality
5
No European legislation yet
The Vienna Convention Article 8.5: ’Every driver shall at all times, be able to control his vehicle or to
guide his animals.’
In the US:
California, Florida, Nevada and D.C. jurisdictions are setting ground rules for self-driving cars on public roads.
Japan Revitalization Strategy:
"development of advanced highway safety systems (AHSS) and automated driving systems and improvement of the environment with these systems.
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
Is there foundation to move forward?
China:
government plans to test autonomous vehicles on public road between Beijing and Tianjin, about 120km (75 miles) away.
Today’s (near) reality
6
No European legislation yet
The Vienna Convention Article 8.5: ’Every driver shall at all times, be able to control his vehicle or to
guide his animals.’
Japan Revitalization Strategy:
"development of advanced highway safety systems (AHSS) and automated driving systems and improvement of the environment with these systems.
In the US:
California, Florida, Nevada and D.C. jurisdictions are setting ground rules for self-driving cars on public roads.
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
V2VWhat standards are needed?
7
Sensors accuracy and reliabilityPositioning systems accuracy and reliability
Vehicle <-> Cloud interfaces Driver Distraction
Electronic system reliabilityHMIPrivacyEntire vehicle system interoperability
Powertrain system interoperability
Data Security
Future vehicle vs existing fleets
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
Current path (US)
8
Innovation/Research/Testing
Standards
Legislation
CommercializationMarket acceptance
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
Optimal path (US)
9
Innovation/Research/Testing
Standards
Legislation
CommercializationMarket acceptance
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
SAE On-Road Automated Vehicle Standards Committee
10 – global vehicle manufacturers
11 – global vehicle suppliers
28 – government regulating, agencies, research organizations, wireless providers
SAE J3018
“Safety Guidelines for the On-Road testing of Prototype Models of Fully Automated Vehicles” (in-progress)
SAE J3016
“Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to On-Road Motor Vehicle Automated Driving Systems” (published, January 2014)
© Copyright 2014SAE INTERNATIONAL © Copyright 2014
LEVELS OF DRIVING AUTOMATION FOR ON-ROAD VEHICLES - SAE J3016
11
Human Driver monitors the driving environment
SA
E
Lev
el
SAE Name SAE Narrative Definition
Execution of Steering/
Acceleration/Deceleration
Monitoring ofDriving
Environment
FallbackPerformance of
DynamicDriving Task
System capability
(driving modes)
BAStLevel
NTHSALevel
Automated driving system (“system”) monitors the driving environment
No Automation
the full-time performance by the human driver of all aspects of the dynamic driving task Human Driver Human Driver Human Driver N/A
Driver only 0
the driving mode-specific execution by a driverassistance system of either steering oracceleration/deceleration
DriverAssistance
Human Driver and Systems
Human Driver Human Driver Some Driving Modes
Ass
iste
d 1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Partial Automation
Part-time or driving mode-dependent execution by one or more driver assistance systems of both steering and acceleration/deceleration. Human driver performs all other aspects of the dynamic driving task.
System Human Driver Human Driver Some Driving Modes P
artia
lly
Aut
omat
ed 2
Conditional Automation
driving mode-specific performance by anautomated driving system of all aspects of thedynamic driving task - human driver does respond appropriately to a request to intervene
System System Human Driver Some Driving Modes H
ighl
y A
utom
ate
d 3
High Automation
driving mode-specific performance by anautomated driving system of all aspects of thedynamic driving task - human driver does not respond appropriately to a request to intervene
System System System Some Driving Modes F
ully
A
utom
ate
d
Full Automation
full-time performance by an automated drivingsystem of all aspects of the dynamic driving taskunder all roadway and environmental conditions that can be managed by a human driver
System System System Some Driving Modes
3/4
© Copyright 2014 12SAE INTERNATIONAL
Thank you.Jack Pokrzywa
Director
US TAG ISO TC22 Chairperson
Global Ground Vehicle Standards
SAE INTERNATIONAL
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Troy, MI 48084
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