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Page 1: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Ancient Greece

500-323 B.C.E.

Page 2: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Greek Geography

Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities

often times developed independently because of the mountains, thus they were diverse.

As a result, they fought each other a lot.

Page 3: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Polis – city states For protection, localized

government, and self sufficiency

Most were ruled by tyrants.

Page 4: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Greek religion was polytheistic.

Page 5: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Greek Architecture

Greeks invented arches and columns.

This obviously took advanced mathematics.

Page 6: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

More Greek Architecture

Page 7: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

The Greeks were the original Olympiads. Their scientists studied the best way to perform sports.

Page 8: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Greek Inventions

The Greeks invented dice.

The Greeks invented the crane.

Page 9: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Political terms

There were different forms of government across Greece.

Most of Greece was a monarchy a type of government ruled by a king or queen.

Pericles, a good king of Athens.

Page 10: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Athens

Athenians were tough but were encouraged to engage in activities like art, philosophy, music.

Democracy, government by the people and power limited by a constitution.

Page 11: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Sparta

Spartans valued strength and all citizens had mandatory military service.

Oligarchy, government by a select few.

Page 12: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

The Philosophers

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

What is good government?

Foundation of modern political thought

Handout

Page 13: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Socrates

Questioning is best method for learning

?

??

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Page 14: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

• Plato: Wrote The Republic

A city state should be organized as:

Philosopher kings

Warriors

The educated masses

Page 15: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

• Aristotle: Wrote Politics

Constitutional governments are the best!

• All citizens, even leaders must follow the law• Citizens have not only rights but responsibilities to the state

Page 16: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

• Aristotle: Wrote Politics

Constitutional governments are the best!

• All citizens, even leaders must follow the law• Citizens have not only rights but responsibilities to the state

CIVIC DUTY!

Page 17: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Types of Democracy

• Direct Democracy (town hall)

• Indirect Democracy (elected representatives – most common today)

• Oligarchy (rule by very few)

Page 18: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Sparta

Sparta was an isolated city-state that was culturally and politically different from Athens.

Military culture and war Sparta was an

oligarchy, government ruled by a few. They had 2 kings.

During the Peloponnesian War, Sparta fought Athens. Who do you think won?

Page 19: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Quotation #1

The fundamental motif through all the centuries has been the principle that force and power are the determining factors. All development is struggle. Only force rules. Force is the first law. . . . Only through struggle have states and the world become great. If one should ask whether this struggle is gruesome, then the only answer could be or the weak, yes, for humanity as a whole, no. Instead of everlasting struggle, the world preaches cowardly pacifism, and everlasting peace. These three things, considered in the light of their ultimate consequences, are the causes of the downfall of all humanity.

Page 20: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Quotation #2

We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.

Page 21: Ancient Greece 500-323 B.C.E.. Greek Geography Surrounded by water. Greece is mountainous Greek communities often times developed independently because

Greece Quiz

1. How did geography impact Greek culture?2. Define democracy. 3. Give an example of a type of government that

favors the use of force.4. Why are Greek philosophers important today?5. In the end, which Greek city/state has had the most

influence on the modern world? Why?


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