ADVANCES IN NEURAL INFORMATION

PROCESSING SYSTEMS 16

Proceedings of the 2003 Conference

edited by

Sebastian Thrun, Lawrence K. Saul, and Bernhard Schölkopf

A Bradford BookThe MIT Press

Cambridge, MassachusettsLondon, England

Contents

Preface xvii

NIPS Committees xxiReviewers xxiii

Part I Algorithms and Architectures

Efficient Multiscale Sampling from Products of Gaussian Mixtures

Alexander T. Ihler, Erik B. Sudderth, William T. Freeman, Alan S. Willsky 1

Simplicial Mixtures of Markov Chains: Distributed Modelling of Dynamic User ProfilesMark Girolami, Ata Kaban 9

Hierarchical Topic Models and the Nested Chinese Restaurant ProcessDavid Blei, Thomas L. Griffiths, Michael I. Jordan, Joshua B. Tenenbaum 17

Max-Margin Markov NetworksBen Taskar, Carlos Guestrin, Daphne Koller 25

Invariant Pattern Recognition by Semi-Definite Programming MachinesThore Graepel, Ralf Herbrich 33

Learning a Distance Metric from Relative ComparisonsMatthew Schultz, Thorsten Joachims 41

1-norm Support Vector MachinesJi Zhu, Saharon Rosset, Trevor Hastie, Rob Tibshirani 49

Image Reconstruction by Linear Programming

Koji Tsuda, Gunnar Rätsch 57

Multiple-Instance Learning via Disjunctive Programming BoostingStuart Andrews, Thomas Hofmann 65

Convex Methods for TransductionTijl De Bie, Nello Cristianini 73

Kernel Dimensionality Reduction for Supervised Learning

Kenji Fukumizu, Francis R. Bach, Michael I. Jordan 81

Clustering with the Connectivity KernelBernd Fischer, Volker Roth, Joachim M. Buhmann 89

Efficient and Robust Feature Extraction by Maximum Margin CriterionHaifeng Li, Tao Jiang, Keshu Zhang 97

Sparse Greedy Minimax Probability Machine Classification

Thomas Strohmann, Andrei Belitski, Greg Grudic, Dennis DeCoste 105

Sequential Bayesian Kernel RegressionJaco Vermaak, Simon J. Godsill, Arnaud Doucet 113

Fast Feature Selection from Microarray Expression Data via Multiplicative Large MarginAlgorithmsClaudio Gentile 121

Dynamical Modeling with Kernels for Nonlinear Time Series Prediction

Liva Ralaivola, Florence d'Alché-Buc 129

Extreme Components Analysis

Max Welling, Felix Agakov, Christopher K. I. Williams 137

Linear Dependent Dimensionality Reduction

Nathan Srebro, Tommi S. Jaakkola 145

Locality Preserving Projections

Xiaofei He, Partha Niyogi 153

Optimal Manifold Representation of Data: An Information Theoretic Approach

Denis V. Chigirev, William Bialek 161

Ranking on Data Manifolds

Dengyong Zhou, Jason Weston, Arthur Gretton, Olivier Bousquet, Bernhard Schölkopf 169

Out-of-Sample Extensions for LLE, Isomap, MDS, Eigenmaps, and Spectral Clustering

Yoshua Bengio, Jean-François Paiement, Pascal Vincent, Olivier Delalleau,

Nicolas Le Roux, Marie Ouimet 177

Pairwise Clustering and Graphical Models

Noam Shental, Assaf Zomet, Tomer Hertz, Yair Weiss 185

Tree-structured Approximations by Expectation Propagation

Thomas Minka, Yuan Qi 193

The IM Algorithm: A Variational Approach to Information Maximization

David Barber, Felix Agakov 201

Iterative Scaled Trust-Region Learning in Krylov Subspaces via Pearlmutter's Implicit

Sparse Hessian-Vector Multiply

Eiji Mizutani, James W. Demmel 209

Large Scale Online Learning

Léon Bottou, Yann Le Cun 217

Online Classification on a Budget

Koby Crammer, Jaz Kandola, Yoram Singer 225

Online Learning via Global Feedback for Phrase Recognition

Xavier Carreras, Lluis Marquez 233

Sparse Representation and Its Applications in Blind Source Separation

Yuanqing Li, Andrzej Cichocki, Shun-ichi Amari, Sergei Shishkin, Jianting Cao, Fanji Gu . . 241

Perspectives on Sparse Bayesian Learning

David Wipf, Jason Palmer, Bhaskar Rao 249

Semi-Supervised Learning with Trees

Charles Kemp, Thomas L. Griffiths, Sean Stromsten, Joshua Β. Tenenbaum 257

Efficient Exact k-NN and Nonparametric Classification in High Dimensions

Ting Liu, Andrew W. Moore, Alexander Gray 265

Nonstationary Covariance Functions for Gaussian Process Regression

Christopher J. Paciorek, Mark J. Schervish 273

Learning the k in k-means

Greg Hamerly, Charles Elkan 281

Finding the M Most Probable Configurations in Arbitrary Graphical ModelsChen Yanover, Yair Weiss 289

Non-linear CCA and PCA by Alignment of Local Models

Jakob J. Verbeek, Sam T. Roweis, Nikos Vlassis 297

Learning Spectral ClusteringFrancis R. Bach, Michael I. Jordan 305

AUC Optimization vs. Error Rate MinimizationCorinna Cortes, Mehryar Mohri 313

Learning with Local and Global Consistency

Dengyong Zhou, Olivier Bousquet, Thomas Navin Lal, Jason Weston, Bernhard Schölkopf. . 321

Gaussian Process Latent Variable Models for Visualisation of High Dimensional Data

Neil D. Lawrence 329

Warped Gaussian ProcessesEdward Snelson, Carl Edward Rasmussen, Zoubin Ghahramani 337

Can We Learn to Beat the Best StockAllan Borodin, Ran El-Yaniv, Vincent Gogan 345

Approximate Expectation MaximizationTom Heskes, Onno Zoeter, Wim Wiegerinck 353

Linear Response for Approximate Inference

Max Welling, Yee Whye Teh 361

Semidefinite Relaxations for Approximate inference on Graphs with CyclesMartin Wainwright, Michael I. Jordan 369

Approximability of Probability Distributions

Alina Beygelzimer, Irina Rish 377

Denoising and Untangling Graphs Using Degree Priors

Quaid D. Morris, Brendan J. Frey 385

On the Concentration of Expectation and Approximate inference in Layered NetworksXuanLong Nguyen, Michael I. Jordan 393

Inferring State Sequences far Non-linear Systems with Embedded Hidden Markov ModelsRadford M. Neal, Matthew J. Beal, Sam T. Roweis 401

Fast Algorithms far Large-State-Space HMMs with Applications to Web Usage AnalysisPedro F. Felzenszwalb, Daniel P. Huttenlocher, Jon M. Kleinberg 409

Wormholes Improve Contrastive DivergenceGeoffrey Hinton, Max Welling, Andriy Mnih 417

Sample PropagationMark A. Paskin 425

Generalised Propagation far Fast Fourier Transforms with Partial or Missing Data

Amos J Storkey 433

Laplace PropagationAlexander Smola, Vishy Vishwanathan, Eleazar Eskin 441

Learning to Find Pre-ImagesGoekhan H. Bakir, Jason Weston, Bernhard Schölkopf 449

Semi-Definite Programming by Perceptron LearningThore Graepel, Ralf Herbrich, Andriy Kharechko, John Shawe-Taylor 457

Computing Gaussian Mixture Models with EM Using Equivalence Constraints

Noam Shental, Aharon Bar-Hillel, Tomer Hertz, Daphna Weinshall 465

Feature Selection in Clustering Problems

Volker Roth, Tilman Lange 473

An Iterative Improvement Procedure for Hierarchical ClusteringDavid Kauchak, Sanjoy Dasgupta 481

Identifying Structure across Ρre-partitioned DataZvika Marx, Ido Dagan, Eli Shamir 489

Log-Linear Models for Label Ranking

Ofer Dekel, Christopher Manning, Yoram Singer 497

Minimax Embeddings

Matthew Brand 505

No Unbiased Estimator of the Variance of K-Fold Cross-Validation

Yoshua Bengio, Yves Grandvalet 513

Bias-Corrected Bootstrap and Model Uncertainty

Harald Steck, Tommi S. Jaakkola 521

Probability Estimates for Multi-Class Classification by Pairwise Coupling

Ting-Fan Wu, Chih-Jen Lin, Ruby C. Weng 529

Necessary Intransitive Likelihood-Ratio Classifiers

Gang Ji, Jeff Bilmes 537

Classification with Hybrid Generative/Discriminative Models

Rajat Raina, Yirong Shen, Andrew Y. Ng, Andrew McCallum 545

A Model for Learning the Semantics of PicturesVictor Lavrenko, R. Manmatha, Jiwoon Jeon 553

Algorithms for Interdependent Security Games

Michael Kearns, Luis Ortiz 561

Part II Applications

Fast Embedding of Sparse Similarity Graphs

John C. Platt 571

GPPS: A Gaussian Process Positioning System for Cellular Networks

Anton Schwaighofer, Marian Grigoras, Volker Tresp, Clemens Hoffmann 579

An Autonomous Robotic System for Mapping Abandoned Mines

David Ferguson, Aaron Morris, Dirk Hähnel, Christopher Baker, Zachary Omohundro,Carlos Reverte, Scott Thayer, Charles Whittaker, William Whittaker, Wolfram Burgard,Sebastian Thrun 587

Semi-supervised Protein Classification Using Cluster KernelsJason Weston, Christina Leslie, Dengyong Zhou, André Elisseeff, William S. Noble 595

Statistical Debugging of Sampled ProgramsAlice X. Zheng, Michael I. Jordan, Ben Liblit, Alex Aiken 603

Markov Models for Automated ECG Interval Analysis

Nicholas P. Hughes, Lionel Tarassenko, Stephen J. Roberts 611

Parameterized Novelty Detectors for Environmental Sensor Monitoring

Cynthia Archer, Todd Κ. Leen, Antonio Baptista 619

Modeling User Rating Profiles For Collaborative Filtering

Benjamin Marlin 627

Application of SVMs for Colour Classification and Collision Detection with AIBO Robots

Michael J. Quinlan, Stephan Κ. Chalup, Richard H. Middleton 635

Kernels for Structured Natural Language Data

Jun Suzuki, Yutaka Sasaki, Eisaku Maeda 643

A Fast Multi-Resolution Method for Detection of Significant Spatial Disease Clusters

Daniel B. Neill, Andrew W. Moore 651

Link Prediction in Relational Data

Ben Taskar, Ming-Fai Wong, Pieter Abbeel, Daphne Koller 659

Unsupervised Color Decomposition Of Histologically Stained Tissue Samples

Andrew Rabinovich, Sameer Agarwal, Casey Laris, Jeffrey H. Price, Serge J. Belongie 667

ICA-based Clustering of Genes from Microarray Expression Data

Su-In Lee, Serafim Batzoglou 675

Gene Expression Clustering with Functional Mixture Models

Darya Chudova, Christopher Hart, Eric Mjolsness, Padhraic Smyth 683

Part III Brain Imaging

Reconstructing MEG Sources with Unknown Correlations

Maneesh Sahani, Srikantan S. Nagarajan 693

Different Cortico-Basal Ganglia Loops Specialize in Reward Prediction at Different Time

Scales

Saori C. Tanaka, Kenji Doya, Go Okada, Kazutaka Ueda, Yasumasa Okamoto,

Shigeto Yamawaki 701

Training fMRI Classifiers to Discriminate Cognitive States across Multiple Subjects

Xuerui Wang, Rebecca Hutchinson, Tom M. Mitchell 709

Nonlinear Filtering of Electron Micrographs by Means of Support Vector Regression

Roland Vollgraf, Michael Scholz, Ian A. Meinertzhagen, Klaus Obermayer 717

Impact of an Energy Normalization Transform on the Peformance of the LF-ASD Brain

Computer Interface

Yu Zhou, Steven G. Mason, Gary E. Birch 725

Increase Information Transfer Rates in BCI by CSP Extension to Multi-class

Guido Dornhege, Benjamin Blankertz, Gabriel Curio, Klaus-Robert Müller 733

Subject-Independent Magnetoencephalographic Source Localization by a Multilayer

Perceptron

Sung C. Jun, Barak A. Pearlmutter 741

Part IV Control and Reinforcement Learning

Gaussian Processes in Reinforcement LearningCarl Edward Rasmussen, Malte Kuss 75]

Applying Metric-Trees to Belief-Point POMDPsJoelle Pineau, Geoffrey J. Gordon, Sebastian Thrun 759

ARA*: Anytime ARA* with Provable Bounds on Sub-OptimalityMaxim Likhachev, Geoffrey J. Gordon, Sebastian Thrun 767

Approximate Planning in POMDPs with Macro-ActionsGeorgios Theocharous, Leslie Pack Kaelbling 775

Envelope-based Planning in Relational MDPsNatalia H. Gardiol, Leslie Pack Kaelbling 783

An MDP-Based Approach to Online Mechanism DesignDavid C. Parkes, Satinder Singh 791

Autonomous Helicopter Flight via Reinforcement LearningAndrew Y. Ng, H. Jin Kim, Michael I. Jordan, Shankar Sastry 799

All learning is Local: Multi-agent Learning in Global Reward GamesYu-Han Chang, Tracey Ho, Leslie Pack Kaelbling 807

How to Combine Expert (and Novice) Advice when Actions Impact the Environment?Daniela Pucci de Farias, Nimrod Megiddo 815

Bounded Finite State ControllersPascal Poupart, Craig Boutilier 823

Policy Search by Dynamic ProgrammingJ. Andrew Bagnell, Sham Kakade, Andrew Y Ng, Jeff Schneider 831

Robustness in Markov Decision Problems with Uncertain Transition MatricesArnab Nilim, Laurent El Ghaoui 839

Approximate Policy Iteration with a Policy Language BiasAlan Fern, Sungwook Yoon, Robert Givan 847

A Nonlinear Predictive State RepresentationMatthew R. Rudary, Satinder Singh 855

Learning Near-Pareto-Optimal Conventions in Polynomial TimeXiaoFeng Wang, Tuomas Sandholm 863

Extending Q-Learning to General Adaptive Multi-Agent Systems

Gerald Tesauro 871

Auction Mechanism Design for Multi-Robot CoordinationCurt Bererton, Geoffrey J. Gordon, Sebastian Thrun 879

Distributed Optimization in Adaptive NetworksCiamac C. Moallemi, Benjamin Van Roy 887

Linear Program Approximations for Factored Continuous-State Markov Decision ProcessesMilos Hauskrecht, Branislav Kveton 895

Part V Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence

Insights from Machine Learning Applied to Human Visual Classification

Arnulf Β. Α. Graf, Felix Α. Wichmann 9O5

Sensory Modality Segregation

Virginia R. de Sa 923

Reasoning about Time and Knowledge in Neural Symbolic Learning Systems

Artur S. d'Avila Garcez, Luis C. Lamb 921

Learning a World Model and Planning with a Self-Organizing, Dynamic Neural System

Marc Toussaint 929

An MCMC-Based Method of Comparing Connectionist Models in Cognitive Science

Woojae Kim, Daniel J. Navarro, Mark A. Pitt, In Jae Myung 937

Perception oft he Structure oft he Physical World Using Unknown Multimodal Sensors and

Effectors

D. Philipona, J.K. O'Regan, J.-P. Nadal, Olivier Coenen 945

From Algorithmic to Subjective Randomness

Thomas L. Griffiths, Joshua B. Tenenbaum 953

Unsupervised Context Sensitive Language Acquisition from a Large Corpus

Zach Solan, David Horn, Eytan Ruppin, Shimon Edelman 961

A Holistic Approach to Compositional Semantics: A Connectionist Model and Robot

Experiments

Yuuya Sugita, Jun Tani 959

Model Uncertainty in Classical Conditioning

Aaron C. Courville, Nathaniel Daw, Geoffrey J. Gordon, David S. Touretzky 977

Part VI Emerging Technologies

A Low-Power Analog VLSI Visual Collision Detector

Reid R. Harrison 987

A Recurrent Model of Orientation Maps with Simple and Complex Cells

Paul Merolla, Kwabena Boahen 995

A Summating, Exponentially-Decaying CMOS Synapse for Spiking Neural Systems

Rock Z. Shi, Timothy Horiuchi 1003

Minimising Contrastive Divergence in Noisy, Mixed-mode VLSI Neurons

Hsin Chen, Patrice Fleury, Alan F. Murray 1011

Training a Quantum Neural Network

Bob Ricks, Dan Ventura

Synchrony Detection by Analogue VLSI Neurons with Bimodal STDP Synapses

Adria Bofill-i-Petit, Alan F. Murray

A Mixed-Signal VLSI for Real-Time Generation of Edge-Based Image Vectors

Masakazu Yagi, Hideo Yamasaki, Tadashi Shibata 1035

Entrainment of Silicon Central Pattern Generators for Legged Locomotory Control

Francesco Tenore, Ralph Etienne-Cummings, M. Anthony Lewis 1043

Λ Neuromorphic Multi-chip Model of a Disparity Selective Complex CellEric K. C. Tsang, Bertram E. Shi 1051

Part VII Learning Theory

Invited Talk: Message passing in random satisfiability problemsMarc Mezard 1061

Sparseness of Support Vector Machines—Some Asymptotically Sharp BoundsIngo Steinwart 1069

An Infinity-sample Theory for Multi-category Large Margin ClassificationTong Zhang 1077

Error Bounds for Transductive Learning via Compression and Clustering

Philip Derbeko, Ran El-Yaniv, Ron Meir 1085

Online Learning of Non-stationary Sequences

Claire Monteleoni, Tommi S. Jaakkola 1093

On the Dynamics of Boosting

Cynthia Rudin, Ingrid Daubechies, Robert Schapire 1101

Boosting versus Covering

Kohei Hatano, Manfred K. Warmuth 1109

Near-Minimax Optimal Classification with Dyadic Classification Trees

Clayton Scott, Robert Nowak 1117

PAC-Bayesian Generic Chaining

Jean-Yves Audibert, Olivier Bousquet 1125

Self-calibrating Probability ForecastingVladimir Vovk, Glenn Shafer, Ilia Nouretdinov 1133

When Does Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Give a Correct Decomposition into Parts?

David Donoho, Victoria Stodden 1141

Learning Bounds for a Generalized Family of Bayesian Posterior Distributions

Tong Zhang 1149

Variational Linear ResponseManfred Opper, Ole Winther 1157

Geometric Clustering Using the Information Bottleneck Method

Susanne Still, William Bialek, Léon Bottou 1165

Large Margin Classifiers: Convex Loss, Low Noise, and Convergence RatesPeter L. Bartlett, Michael I. Jordan, Jon D. McAuliffe 1173

Limiting Form of the Sample Covariance Eigenspectrum in PCA and Kernel PCADavid Hoyle, Magnus Rattray 1181

Approximate Analytical Bootstrap Averages for Support Vector ClassifiersDörthe Malzahn, Manfred Opper 1189

Learning Curves for Stochastic Gradient Descent in Linear Feedforward NetworksJustin Weifel, Xiaohui Xie, H. Sebastian Seung 1197

Ambiguous Model Learning Made Unambiguous with I if PriorsGurinder S. Atwal, William Bialek 1205

Information Bottleneck for Gaussian Variables

Gal Chechik, Amir Globerson, Naftali Tishby, Yair Weiss 1213

Measure Based Regularization

Olivier Bousquet, Olivier Chapelle, Matthias Hein 1221

Online Passive-Aggressive Algorithms

Shai Shalev-Shwartz, Koby Crammer, Ofer Dekel, Yoram Singer 1229

Margin Maximizing Loss Functions

Saharon Rosset, Ji Zhu, Trevor Hastie 1237

Part VIII Neuroscience

The Doubly Balanced Network of Spiking Neurons: A Memory Model with High CapacityYuval Aviel, David Horn, Moshe Abeles 1247

Information Dynamics and Emergent Computation in Recurrent Circuits of Spiking Neurons

Thomas Natschläger, Wolfgang Maass 1255

The Diffusion-Limited Biochemical Signal-Relay ChannelPeter J. Thomas, Donald J. Spencer, Sierra K. Hampton, Peter Park, Joseph P. Zurkus 1263

Dopamine Modulation in a Basal Ganglio-cortical Network Implements Saliency-based

Gating of Working MemoryAaron J. Gruber, Peter Dayan, Boris S. Gutkin, Sara A. Solla 1271

Circuit Optimization Predicts Dynamic Network for Chemosensory Orientation in the

Nematode C. elegans

Nathan A. Dunn, John S. Conery, Shawn R. Lockery 1279

A Biologically Plausible Algorithm for Reinforcement-shaped Representational Learning

Maneesh Sahani 1287

Mechanism of Neural Interference by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Network or

Single Neuron?

Yoichi Miyawaki, Masato Okada 1295

Plasticity Kernels and Temporal StatisticsPeter Dayan, Michael Häusser . 1303

Maximum Likelihood Estimation of a Stochastic Integrate-and-Fire Neural Model

Jonathan Pillow, Liam Paninski, Hero P. Simoncelli 1311

Design of Experiments via Information Theory

Liam Paninski 1319

Probabilistic Inference in Human Sensorimotor ProcessingKonrad P. Körding, Daniel Wolpert 1327

Estimating Internal Variables and Paramters of a Learning Agent by a Particle Filter

Kazuyuki Samejima, Kenji Doya, Yasumasa Ueda, Minoru Kimura 1335

Analytical Solution of Spike-timing Dependent Plasticity Based on Synaptic BiophysicsBernd Porr, Ausra Saudargiene, Florentin Wörgötter 1343

A Probabilistic Model of Auditory Space Representation in the Barn Owl

Brian J. Fischer, Charles H. Anderson 1351

Decoding VI Neuronal Activity using Particle Filtering with Volterra Kernels

Ryan Kelly, Tai Sing Lee 1359

Prediction on Spike Data Using Kernel AlgorithmsJan Eichhorn, Andreas Tolias, Alexander Zien, Malte Kuss, Carl Edward Rasmussen,Jason Weston, Nikos Logothetis, Bernhard Schölkopf 1367

Part IX Speech and Signal Processing

Phonetic Speaker Recognition with Support Vector MachinesWilliam M. Campbell, Joseph p. Campbell, Douglas A. Reynolds, Douglas A. Jones,Timothy R. Leek I377

A Kullback-Leibler Divergence Based Kernel for SVM Classification in MultimediaApplicationsPedro J. Moreno, Purdy P. Ho, Nuno Vasconcelos 1385

Probabilistic Inference of Speech Signals from Phaseless SpectrogramsKannan Achan, Sam T. Roweis, Brendan J. Frey 1393

Eigenvoice Speaker Adaptation via Composite Kernel PCAJames T. Kwok, Brian Mak, Simon Ho 1401

Predicting Speech Intelligibility from a Population of NeuronsJeff Bondy, Ian Bruce, Suzanna Becker, Simon Haykin 1409

One Microphone Blind Dereverberation Based on Quasi-periodicity of Speech SignalsTomohiro Nakatani, Masato Miyoshi, Keisuke Kinoshita 1417

A Classification-based Cocktail-party ProcessorNicoleta Roman, DeLiang Wang, Guy J. Brown 1425

Part X Visual Processing

Local Phase Coherence and the Perception of BlurZhou Wang, Eero R Simoncelli 1435

Nonlinear Processing in LGN NeuronsVincent Bonin, Valerio Mante, Matteo Carandini 1443

A Functional Architecture for Motion Pattern Processing in MSTdScott A. Beardsley, Lucia M. Vaina 1451

Human and Ideal Observers for Detecting Image CurvesA.L. Yuille, Fang Fang, Paul Schrater, Daniel Kersten 1459

Eye Movements for Reward MaximizationNathan Sprague, Dana Ballard 1467

Eye Micro-movements Improve Stimulus Detection Beyond the Nyquist Limit in thePeripheral RetinaMatthias H. Hennig, Florentin Wörgötter 1475

Bounded Invariance and the Formation of Place FieldsReto Wyss, Paul F. M. J. Verschure - 1483

Discriminating Deformable Shape ClassesSalvador Ruiz-Correa, Linda G. Shapiro, Marina Meila, Gabriel Berson 1491

Graphical Model For Recognizing Scenes and ObjectsKevin Murphy, Antonio Torralba, William T. Freeman 1499

Factorization with Uncertainty and Missing Data: Exploiting Temporal Coherence

Amit Gruber, Yair Weiss 1507

Mutual Boosting for Contextual Inference

Michael Fink, Pietro Perona 1515

Learning a Rare Event Detection Cascade by Direct Feature Selection

Jianxin Wu, James M. Rehg, Matthew D. Mullin 1523

Discriminative Fields for Modeling Spatial Dependencies in Natural Images

Sanjiv Kumar, Martial Hebert 1531

Attractive People: Assembling Loose-Limbed Models using Non-parametric Belief

Propagation

Leonid Sigal, Michael Isard, Benjamin H. Sigelman, Michael J. Black 1539

Automatic Annotation of Everyday Movements

Deva Ramanan, David A. Forsyth 1547

Learning Ν on-Rigid 3D Shape from 2D Motion

Lorenzo Torresani, Aaron Hertzmann, Christoph Bregler 1555

Towards Social Robots: Automatic Evaluation of Human-Robot Interaction by Face

Detection and Expression Classification

Gwen Littlewort, Marian S. Bartlett, Ian Fasel, Joel Chenu, Takayuki Kanda,

Hiroshi Ishiguro, Javier R. Movellan 1563

Salient Boundary Detection using Ratio Contour

Song Wang, Toshiro Kubota, Jeffrey Mark Siskind 1571

A Computational Geometric Approach to Shape Analysis in Images

Anuj Srivastava, Xiuwen Liu, Washington Mio, Eric Klassen 1579

A Sampled Texture Prior for Image Super-Resolution

Lyndsey C. Pickup, Stephen J. Roberts, Andrew Zisserman 1587

Bayesian Color Constancy with Non-Gaussian Models

Charles Rosenberg, Thomas Minka, Alok Ladsariya 1595

An Improved Scheme for Detection and Labelling in Johansson Displays

Claudio Fanti, Marzia Polito, Pietro Perona 1603

Index of Authors 1611

Keyword Index 1615