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A researcher’s perspective of regulatory issues

Dr. Maria A. WimmerProfessor and Head of Research Group eGovernment

[email protected]://www.uni-koblenz.de/agvinf/

Council of Europe Forum for the Future of Democracy, 15-17 October 20082

Agenda

Current context of regulations in cross-sectorial relationships

Future visions of society, State and governments The impact of technology on society and States Keeping pace with the fast technological evolution


Sectors of Society

Civil sector Public sector Private sector

Not-for-profit sector

Governments

Parliaments

CitizensCompanies

Non-Profit Organisations


Traditional relationships among actors in the public sector



Governments

Parliaments

CitizensCompanies


Policies for implementation; Laws and directives as regulatory body framing

government activity

Feedback from implementation,

Demands for regulation, Statistics, …


Traditional relationships among the public and the other sectors



Governments

Parliaments

CitizensCompanies


§§

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Governments regulate society and demand citizens to fulfill their

duties towards the State

Governments regulate the market and the third sector through intervention in the market and in community

business


The sectors enacting their rights in democracies



Governments

Parliaments

CitizensCompanies


Citizens exercise their rights in democracy through voting and democratic deliberation

Companies and NPOs express their needs and demands in shaping society

and markets through lobbying, community groups, unions, etc.


Agenda




Scenario example: Ambient government[Stable environment, trust in government, government focus on inclusive services]

Society and context

Europeanization

Standardisation

High investments into education as prevention measurement

Internet communities

Government Cooperation between Europe’s governments

Central EU eProcurement

No physical contact (high quality of eServices)

Political power at EU and local level raises, decrease at national level

Transparent decision-making

Public-Private Partnerships

ICT

Communication across cultures

ICT as driver e.g. economic growth

Universal wireless networks

Security standards

Sector-specific regulation

Service-oriented architecture

Abstract: Government is all around. Citizens have a high confidence in government to effectively and efficiently settle issues for the common good. They are helped by a stable development of key environment variables.


Scenario example: Incident politics[Disruptive environment, distrust in government, government focus on core business]

Society and context

Social exclusion, digital divide

Instable environment (terrorism, wars, etc.)

Ageing society

Privacy subordinated to security

Individualism and self-responsibility

Nationalism, Europe breaks down

Government Problems with providing essential services

Restricted role in legal & governmental issues

Simplification of procedures and organisational structures

Cooperation and common policy

Depersonalised interaction between government and citizens

ICT

Remote monitoring

Implanted devices

eParticipation

eServices

Ubiquitous Digital Right Management

Two-class- society: On one hand young, well-educated citizens always on the move and always on the run. On the other hand old citizens with only little understanding of existing ICT. Society has become largely individualistic, with only a small role for government that is distrusted. A disruptive environment is the reason why citizens demand security, and ICT is deployed for that purposes, as well as to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of government.


Agenda




The impact of technology on society and States

Internet as a global virtual space without borders Anywhere and any time Whatever one is searching for

Do we need to regulate the virtual space ???


The impact of technology on society and States

Full electronic markets and eBusiness Technology has become an ordinary means of business Business processes have been streamlined Regulation? Transformation of traditional practice, some

digital rights, driven by demand and offer … Social life gets more and more onto virtual spaces

Social networks and communities such as youtube, Flickr, Facebook, etc.

Self-regulation, everywhere present, any information you want to provide …


Public sector online services

Government eServices improving Regulated mostly in existing laws, some new eGov acts

Law becomes accessible for free via the internet Do citizens understand the laws without translation into

their daily language? Jurisdiction becomes accessible Parliaments provide in part eVoting mechanisms Parliaments start to get citizens more engaged through

online media

What is the role of Parliaments and Governments in a virtual world?


What happens in a virtual world?



Virtual communities

Second life

Social networks

eDemocracy & eGovernment

Virtual State?

eCitizenship?

eBusiness

eCollaboration

Virtual organizations

eCollaboration

Virtual communities

Governments

ParliamentsCitizen

sCompanies Non-Profit

Organisat.




Virtual communities

Second life

Social networks


Virtual State?

eCitizenship?

eBusiness

eCollaboration


eCollaboration

Virtual communities


Governments

ParliamentsCitizen

sCompanies Non-Profit

Organisat.





Virtual communities

Second life

Social networks


Virtual State?

eCitizenship?

eBusiness

eCollaboration


eCollaboration

Virtual communities

Citizens

Companies Non-Profit Organisat.

?? ?? ?? ??Government

s

Parliaments


Agenda




Some thoughts on interdependent aspects

Regulatory frameworks are heavily impacted by the emerging technologies and the fast adoption by the civil and the private sector

Regulations are often constraining the application of newly emerging technologies and applications for citizen participation in democratic processes

Mismatch between the stability of regulatory frameworks and fast advancements of technologies, and the private communities and markets adopting them


13 Crucial Themes for Future eGoverment Research

Trust in eGovernment Semantic and cultural

interoperability of public services Assessing the value of government

ICT investments E-participation, citizen engagement

and democratic processes Mission-oriented goals and

performance management Cyber infrastructures for

eGovernment

Information quality Ontology and intelligent information

and knowledge management Governance of public-private-civic

sector relationships Government’s role in the

virtual world Crossing borders and the need for

governance capabilities eGovernment in the context of

socio-demographic change Data privacy and personal

identity


Government’s role in the virtual world

Abstract: Global electronic markets, virtual organizations, virtual identities, virtual products and services, and Internet-related crime are growing in prominence and importance. In a world that is increasingly non-physical and borderless, what are government’s roles, responsibilities and limitations?

Key words: intellectual property, government in cyberspace, regulating the virtual world


Government’s role in the virtual world


Data privacy and personal identity

Abstract: Data privacy and personal identity have become important aspects in the Information Society. On the one hand, the potential of modern ICT could be exploited to take advantage of personal information to improve the performance and quality of government services. On the other hand, privacy and personal data need to be secured and protected in order to prevent misuse and fraud. What policies, protocols, and data management mechanisms are needed to balance individual privacy protection with effective and efficient use of that information by government?

Key words: data privacy, identity management, efficiency of services


Data privacy and personal identity


Some open questions

What consequences and impact will the transition to more advanced eParticipation and to more virtual democracy have for current constitutions, government bodies and the roles of elected representatives?

What regulatory implications will this transition bear for States and politics?

Many thanks for your attention!

Discussion …

[email protected]

http://www.uni-koblenz.de/agvinf