) (

MPLS

-14-1 IETF MPLS

MPLS. (LSP1) LSP

. IP MPLS 13

MPLS . .

LER LSR

Label Swapping MPLS

IP

IP Forwarding

MPLS Label Assignment

IP

IP

MPLS

LSR

IP

MPLS Label Swapping

IP

Label

MPLS

MPLS ): 1-14(

Frame ATM DLCI VPI/VCI (

Relay( MPLS . IP MPLS

. MPLS )2-14( . 2

1 Label Switched Path Shim header

S

20 48

MPLS IP

MPLS ) : 2-14(

. MPLS ) 2-14(

. MPLS 20 )(COS1

. . 2 S

. . IP 8

: MPLS 1. MPLS ATM Frame Realy

.2. MPLS . . MPLS .3

. 4. MPLS . MPLS MPLS .5

.6. MPLS 3 . 7. MPLS IETF RSVP . 8. MPLS . 9. MPLS IP

. . MPLS )3-14(

Class of Service Label stack Unicast

) ( MPLS -14-2

. .

. FEC . (FEC1)

FEC . IP .

.

ATM Frame relay

MAC layer

MPLS

RSVP

TCP/UDP/IP

LDP CR- LDP

MPLS ): 3- 14(

(LER2) MPLS FEC FEC . . LER

(MPLS (LSR3

1 Forwarding Equvalent Class 2 Label Edge Router 3 Label Switching Router

.

: MPLS .1

. MPLS ) ATM ( FEC MPLS .2

MPLS . ( FEC

IP FEC (. MPLS .3

.

FEC .4 .

.5 .

MPLS .

.

MPLS . .

R2 R1 . FEC LSR . R1 R2 R1

FEC F L R2 . L R1 R2 . . R2 R1 FEC F

. FEC F L R2 R1 R2 R1

MPLS . MPLS .

. LSR 1LDP

LSR . LSR FEC

Label Distribution Protocol

) ( . 1

-BGPRSVP RSVP MPLS Tunnels LDP CR-LDP .

LSR LSR FEC LSR MPLS . 2

MPLS . 3 .

-14-2-1

. LIFO 4 MPLS

( . m . )

. m 1 NHLFE5 LSR

: NHLFE . ) ( : .

- POP - Push -

: NHLFE

.

POP LSR .

Label Distribution Peers Downstream on-demand Unsolicited downstream Last-In-First-Out Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry

NHLFE (ILM1) FEC (NHLFE (FTN2 FEC .

FTN . NHLFE .

-14-2-2 LSR MPLS

ILM . . NHLFE NHLFE

. )4-14( .

ILM NHLFE

LSR

LSR

MPLS ): 4- 14(

LSR NHLFE FEC FTN FEC

NHLFE . .

LSP -14-2-3

IP FEC FEC .

: LSP LSP ) LSP )

FEC LSR LSR LSP LSR FEC

Incoming Label Map FEC To NHLFE

) ( IP .

. LSR LSP

: . LSR FEC LSR - FEC LSR FEC -

. FEC

. LSP FEC LSP LSP

.

1 -14-2-4 FEC FEC

FEC . IP FEC .

FEC MPLS . FEC .

FEC FEC .

.

MPLS -14-2-5 MPLS . FEC LSP MPLS

. : LSR LSR

. IP . FEC LSR LSR

. LSP LSR MPLS . 2

.

Aggregation Policy routing

(TTL) -14-2-6 TTL IP

. IP

MPLS . . TTL

( TTL MPLS )

LSR . IP TTL TTL LSR TTL MPLS TTL IP .

) ATM VPI/VCI ( MPLS TTL .

TTL . TTL LSP TTL TTL

. LSR TTL . TTL TTL LSR

. ) ( TTL TTL

.

LSR ATM -14-2-7 . ATM MPLS

VPI/VCI ATM VPI/VCI . VPI/VCI

ATM MPLS ATM MPLS . MPLS LSR

: ATM ATM VPI/VCI :SVC -

MPLS LSP . MPLS ATM ATM

. POP PUSH

) ( ATM VPI :SVP -

VCI . MPLS ATM .

. SVP :SVP -

VCI LSP . .

. LSP MPLS ATM VPI/VCI LSP

. MPLS

1 -14-2-8 FEC MPLS LSR

FEC . FEC

LSR . FEC

. FEC

LSR LSR LSR .

LSR FEC . FEC

-14-2-9

MPLS R2 R1 . R2 R1

. LSP MPLS . Rn R1 LSP

. LSP

MPLS IP -14-3

Label merging

. MPLS IP . MPLS IP

-1

. ) 5-14( .

IP .

IP ): 5-14 (

MPLS ) 6-14( .

MPLS IP .

) ( MPLS : )6- 14(

Frame relay ATM 2 WAN -22 . 2 WAN )7-14 (

2 3 WAN . 2 1 :

WAN - -

. . -

2 MPLS .

.

2 3 ATM ):7-14( IP : -3

) 8-14( .

( IP IP . )

virtual circuit- 1

2 -point to point

. 1

. MPLS IP

) 9-14( . .

130.3.0.0

130.2.0.0

130.1.0.0

130.3.4.5

1

2

1

3

2 1

2

3

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4

.5

130.3.4

.5

130.3.4

.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

130.3.4.5

IP IP IP

IP ):8- 14(

MPLS :)9- 14(

2 - policy-based-routing

) ( IP -4

MPLS . .

IGP -5 .

. .

MPLS -14-4

MPLS )10-14( . MPLS .

MPLS ): 10- 14(

MPLS )11-14( .

MPLS .

. . WAN

. 2 : MPLS )11-14(

. MPLS/IP MPLS/IP MPLS/VPN

MPLS -14-5

. MPLS

MPLS . RSVP LDP BGP CR-LDP RSVP-TUNNELS

. LSP LSR

{ } LSP . } {

MPLS . .

: MPLS : )

. LSP LSP LSP LSP . RSVP LDP CR-LDP

. : ) RSVP CR-LDP . RSVP CR-LDP

LSP .

LDP -14-5-1

MPLS LDP . LSR FEC

LDP CR-LDP RSVP LDP .

FEC LSP MPLS LDP LSR MPLS .

. LDP FEC LDP . LDP LDP

LDP . LSR LSR . LDP LSR

LDP -14-5-1-1

: LDP

) ( LSR LSR :1 )

. LSR LDP :2 ) . FEC :3 )

. :4 )

. LSR MPLS

LDP UDP . LSR .

LDP . LSR LDP .

LSR LDP . TCP LDP LSR .

LSR . FEC ) LSR(

. LDP . LDP TCP .

. LSR LDP : LDP LSR LSR :

LDP .

LDP : .

LDP -14-5-1-2

LSP FEC FEC .

Discovery messages Session messages Advertisement messages Notification messages

FEC . LSPIP2 1 .

LSP LSR .

FEC LSP .1 . LSP

FEC LSP .2 . LSP

IP IP FEC LSP .3 . LSP LSP FEC

IP IP FEC LSP .4 LSP FEC

. .5

LSP . LSP

CR-LDP -14-5-2

. LDP CR-LDP. LSR TCP LDP

. CR-LDP LSP )11-14(

)10(

LSR A)(

LSR C)(

LSR B

)10(

Address prefix Host address

) ( CR-LDP ): 11- 14(

A LSR

LSRC LSRB . .LSRA . LSR B LSP

. LSRC LSP LSR B LSP LSP LSR C

. LSR B ) 10 ( LSRB. LSP

LSP

). 17 ( LSP LSR A . LSR A

LSRA LSR LSR B . LSP

RSVP -14-5-3

. IP UDP RSVP RSVP MPLS

. MPLS LSP RSVP )12-14( . : LSP

LSR A PATH LSR B LSP LSRC . . LSRB

. LSRC IP

PATH (B,C)

PATH ( C )

RESV (32)

RESV (17)

LSR A)(

LSR C)(

LSR B

RSVP ): 12-14(

LSR C . LSP

RESV LSR B . LSP .

RESV LSR B ) PATH (

LSP LSP . LSR A RESV

LSR LSR B RESV LSR A A LSR .

CR-LDP RSVP :

1. CR-LDP TCP RSVP IP UDP .

.2 RSVP CR-LDP .

MPLS -14-6

MPLS . MPLS :

. LSP -1

) ( 2- LSP . . LSP -3 . -4 -5

. . -6

-14-6-1

. MPLS .

: . . : -1 . : -2

.

. .

. .

.

. .

. 4M

. . 4M )13-14(

A-D-E-C A-B-C 3M A-B-C C B . 4M

4M

6M5 M

):13- 14(

: .

. IP .

.

1 -14-6-2 .

.... n2 n1 .4 3 2: 3 :m (p = (n1,n2,n3,,ni,nj (n1,n2) (m(n1,n2

(m(p) = m(n1,n2)+m(n2,n3)+.+m(ni,nj - .

. (m(p) = m(n1,n2)*m(n2,n3)*.*m(ni,nj -

m(ni,nj) 0 5 {(m(p) = min{m(n1,n2),m(n2,n3),.,m(ni,nj -

) ( . .

1 - metric 2 - Additive 3 - Multiplicative 4 - Concave 5 - Reliability

) ( -14-6-3

. 1 .

.

. .

.

. .

.

.

.

-14-6-4 OSPF RIP BGP

. . ) (

. 2 .

. .

. 3 . . :

: . ...

: - .

.

1 - Stateless 2 - Congestion 3 - Un stability

). (

. MPLS .1 . MPLS .2 . MPLS .3 . MPLS LER LSR .4 . LSR .5 . MPLS .6 . MPLS NHLFE .7 . NHLFE .8 . MPLS .9

. LSP .10 . MPLS .11 . MPLS LSR ATM .12 . MPLS .13 . MPLS .14 . LDP .15 . LDP LSP .16 . LDP CR-LDP .17 . RSVP LSP .18 . .19 IP .20

. MPLS .21 .22

.