young scientists conference world water day

III rd Young Scientists Conference, World Water Day March 13-14, 2014, Poznań, Poland

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3rd YOUNG SCIENTISTS CONFERENCE

WORLD WATER DAY

MARCH 13-14, 2014

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY,

POZNAŃ, POLAND

BOOK OF ABSTRACTS


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Conference Chair:

M.Sc. Michał Rybak

Organizing Committee:

Ph.D. Anna Basińska

Patryk Frąckowiak

M.Sc. Natalia Jakubowska

M.Sc. Agnieszka Kaźmierska

B.Sc. Magdalena Litwin

B.Sc. Karolina Łepkowska

M.Sc. Małgorzata Neumann

M.Sc. Marta Pikosz

M.Sc. Joanna Rosińska

B.Sc. Dominika Seroka

M.Sc. Kasper Świdnicki

M.Sc. Małgorzata Wiśniewska

Scientific Committee:

Prof. dr hab. Lubomira Burchardt

Prof. UAM dr hab. Adam Głazaczow

Prof. dr hab. Ryszard Gołdyn

Prof. dr hab. Marek Kraska

Prof. UAM dr hab. Natalia Kuczyńska-Kippen

Prof. UAM dr hab. Elżbieta Szeląg-Wasielewska

Prof. dr hab. Jacek Nawrocki

Prof. UAM dr hab. Przemysław Niedzielski

Prof. UAM dr hab. Mariusz Lamentowicz

Prof. UAM dr hab. Mariusz Pełechaty

Prof. dr hab. Krzysztof Szoszkiewicz

Honorary Committee:

President of the city of Poznań

President of Adam Mickiewicz University

Dean of The Faculty of Biology UAM

National Water Management Authority


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Conference contact

Adam Mickiewicz University

Faculty of Biology

Organizing committee

3rd Young Scientist Conference

World Water Day 2014 (Chair: M.Sc. Michał Rybak)

ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland

phone: +48 618295782

e-mail: [email protected]

website: www.hydrokonferencja.amu.edu.pl

Editor: Kasper Świdnicki

Cover design: Paweł Ryszewski, Lidia Szendzina and Marta Pikosz


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ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF SUPPORT

THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE EXPRESSES ITS SINCERE APPRECIATION TO THE

FOLLOWING COOPERATING ORGANISATIONS:


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PROGRAM

DAY 1: 13.03.2014

8.00-9.00 REGISTRATION

(HALL )

9.00-10.00 OPENING

(THE J. PACZOSKI AUDITORIUM)

• OPENING OF THE CONFERENCE:

DEAN OF THE FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, PROF. DR HAB. BOGDAN JACKOWIAK

• INAUGURAL LECTURE: PROBLEMS OF THE BALTIC SEA ENVIRONMENT

PROTECTION : PROF. DR HAB. KRZYSZTOF SKÓRA

10.00-10.20 COFFEE BREAK

(HALL )

ORAL PRESENTATIONS : SESSION 1


CHAIRMEN:

PROF. DR HAB. JACEK NAWROCKI

M.SC. KASPER ŚWIDNICKI

10.20-10.35 1. M ICROTOX ® AS A TOOL TO EVALUATE SEDIMENTS TOXICITY

MACIAK JOANNA, NIEMIRYCZ ELŻBIETA

10.35-10.50 2. BIODEGRADATION OF 17 α -ETHINYL ESTRADIOL IN NATURAL WATERS

SZYDŁOWSKI JERZY, GRZYBOWSKI WALDEMAR

10:50-11:05 3. DEGRADATION OF IBUPROFEN AS WATER POLLUTANT BY BACTERIAL STRAINS

MARCHLEWICZ ARIEL, GUZIK URSZULA, WOJCIESZYŃSKA DANUTA

11:05-11:20

4. RESISTANCE INTEGRONS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GENES IN BACTERIA

OF WATER ENVIRONMENTS

MAKOWSKA NICOLETTA, KOCZURA RYSZARD, MOKRACKA JOANNA

11:20-11:35

5. THE INFLUENCE OF THE PARAMETERS OF SBR CYCLES ON THE EFFICIENCY

OF AMMONIA REMOVAL AND PROTOZOAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION

SOBCZYK MATEUSZ, FIAŁKOWSKA EDYTA, KOCERBA-SOROKA WIOLETA,

PAJDAK-STÓS AGNIESZKA, FYDA JANUSZ

11:35-11:50

6. GROWTH OF MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF REMOVING

CONTAMINANTS FROM WASTEWATER IN INDIVIDUAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT

SYSTEM

SOWINSKA ALEKSANDRA, MAKOWSKA MAŁGORZATA

11:50-12:05 7. SELECTED NATURAL COAGULANTS FOR WATER TREATMENT

KWAŚNY JUSTYNA, BALCERZAK WOJCIECH


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12:05-12:20

8. DISTILLERY WASTEWATER AS A GOOD SOURCE FOR THE CULTIVATION

OF MICROALGAE

TALBIERZ SZYMON, KUJAWSKA NATALIA, LATAŁA ADAM

12.20-13:40 LUNCH

13:40-14:30 POSTER PRESENTATIONS: SESSION 1

(HALL )

1. FACTS AND MYTHS ABOUT TAP WATER

BARAN MARIUSZ, BUKOWIEC PIOTR

2. GEOCHEMICAL RESEARCH OF RIVER SEDIMENTS

WACHOWIAK W. , NIEDZIELSKI P.

3. INFLUENCE OF NATURAL FACTORS AND ANTHROPOPRESSION ON TRANSFOR MATIONS ,

CURRENT STATE AND FUTURE CHANGES OF LAKES IN DRAWIENSKI NATIONAL PARK

STASZAK AGATA

4. THE IMPACT OF LAKE RESTORATION ON WATER QUALITY OF LOWLAND RIVER FLOWING

THROUGH THE LAKE

ROSIŃSKA JOANNA, DONDAJEWSKA RENATA, GOŁDYN RYSZARD, GRZELCZAK JOANNA,

RUSZKOWSKA-CICHOCKA BERNADETTA

5. THE IMPACT OF HELOPHYTE TRANSPIRATION ON THE VERTICAL WATER EXCHAN GE IN LAKES

GRABOWSKA KATARZYNA

6. CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY OF MALTA ŃSKI RESERVOIR IN THE FIRST YEAR AFTER FILLING

SZCZEPANIAK S., DONDAJEWSKA R.

7. TOTAL MERCURY IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF THE GDANSK BASIN

JĘDRUCH AGNIESZKA, BEŁDOWSKA MAGDALENA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA

8. ALGAE AS A BIOACCUMULATORS OF HEAVY METALS

FABROWSKA JOANNA, ŁĘSKA BOGUSŁAWA

9. BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES COMMUNITIES OF LOWER , LARGE RIVER IN RELATION

TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

KREPSKI TOMASZ, PILECKA-RAPACZ MAŁGORZATA, CZERNIAWSKI ROBERT, DOMAGAŁA JÓZEF

10. CONDITION OF MYTILUS EDULIS TROSSULUS ALONG SALINITY AND POLLUTION GRADIENT

IN THE BALTIC SEA

DUBLINOWSKA MAGDA, SMOLARZ KATARZYNA, CZERNIAWSKA NATALIA, LARSSON JOSEFINE

11. FOLLOWING WATER ECOSYSTEM BIODIVERSITY - GENETIC MONITORING AS A USEFUL TOOL

FOR PROTECTION ENDANGERED SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH WATER ENVIRON MENT

KRACZKOWSKA WERONIKA, KOTOWSKA ANNA, LANGWIŃSKI WOJCIECH


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12. FIRST RECORD OF MARINE TARDIGRADE BATILLIPES NOERREVANGI KRISTENSEN, 1978 FROM

POLAND (PUCK BAY)

ZAWIERUCHA KRZYSZTOF, GRZELAK KATARZYNA, KOTWICKI LECH, KACZMAREK ŁUKASZ,

KOLICKA MAŁGORZATA

13. GASTROTRICHA OF THE BALTIC SEA - NEW RECORDS OF CHAETONOTIDA

AND MACRODASYIDA

KOLICKA MAŁGORZATA, KOTWICKI LECH, GRZELAK KATARZYNA, ZAWIERUCHA KRZYSZTOF

14. TEMPERATURE , AS AN IMPORTANT LIFE FACTOR FOR KEYSTONE SPECIES IDOTEA BALTHICA

(CRUSTACEA: ISOPODA)

CZARNECKA PAULINA, KENDZIERSKA HALINA, JANAS URSZULA

15. INFLUENCE OF DAPHNIA MAGNA (STRAUS 1820) EXUDATES ON THE MORPHOLOGY

OF CYANOBACTERIUM APHANIZOMENON GRACILE (LEMM . 1910)

KOZŁOWSKA ANNA, WEJNEROWSKI ŁUKASZ, CERBIN SŁAWOMIR

16. CAN GLACIAL RELICT SADURIA ENTOMON (ISOPODA, CRUSTACEA) SURVIVE IN WARMER

WATER ?

BORECKA ANNA, JANAS URSZULA

17. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DETERMINING SIMILARITY OF ROTIFERA COMMUNITIES

OF SMALL WATER BODIES

WIŚNIEWSKA MAŁGORZATA, KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN NATALIA, PIASECZNA AGATA

18. CHOOSING THE LESSER EVIL – TRADE-OFFS IN BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES TO NEGATIVE CUES

PRZESMYCKA KAROLINA, MOSKALIK SANDRA, KOZŁOWSKA ANNA, DZIUBA MARCIN

19. CONCERNING LAMPREYS (PETROMYZONTIFORMES ) TAXONOMY OR ABOUT HYBRIDIZATION

AND PRAECOX FORM

MIKA DAWID



CHAIRMEN:

PROF. DR HAB. ELŻBIETA SZELĄG-WASIELEWSKA

PATRYK FRĄCKOWIAK

14:30-14:45 1. THE JELLY FALLS : THE ROLE OF PELAGIC TUNICATES IN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

GĄSIOROWSKI LUDWIK

14:45-15:00 2. BALTIC DIATOMS AS PRODUCERS OF EPS

KUJAWSKA NATALIA, TALBIERZ SZYMON, LATAŁA ADAM


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15:00-15:15

3. MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE REGION OF VISTULA RIVER MOUTH

(GULF OF GDAŃSK)

MAZURKIEWICZ MIKOŁAJ, WŁODARSKA-KOWALCZUK MARIA, KOTWICKI LECH,

ZAJĄCZKOWSKI MAREK

15:15-15:30

4. M ICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF LAKES LOCATED

IN THE NATIONAL PARK ‘BORY TUCHOLSKIE ’

KUBERA ŁUKASZ, GUMIŃSKA JOANNA, DONDERSKI WOJCIECH

15:30-15:45

5. CHEMICAL CHANGES AND NUTRIENT RELEASE DURING DECOMPOSITION

PROCESSES OF EUROPEAN FROG-BIT (HYDROCHARIS MORSUS-RANAE) UNDER

DIFFERENT WATER CHARACTERISTICS

POLECHOŃSKA LUDMIŁA

15:45-16:00

6. THE EFFECT OF HORMONES ON SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF LECANE INERMIS

(ROTIFERA )

KOCERBA-SOROKA WIOLETA, FIAŁKOWSKA EDYTA, PAJDAK-STÓS AGNIESZKA,

SOBCZYK MATEUSZ, FYDA JANUSZ

16:00-16:15

7. THE SAMPLING METHOD INFLUENCES ESTIMATION OF THE ROTIFER

COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN A MID -FIELD POND

MAŚLAK PAULINA , KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN NATALIA, ŚWIDNICKI KASPER

16:15-16:30

8. COMPARISON OF CULTURE TECHNIQUES USED IN LABORATORY STUDIES

ON CYANOBACTERIA – THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

WEJNEROWSKI ŁUKASZ, CERBIN SŁAWOMIR

16:30-17:20 POSTER PRESENTATIONS AND COFFEE BREAK: SESSION 2

(HALL )

20. ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS AFFECTING BIRD AND AMPHIBIAN SPECIES DIVERSITY

IN FARMLAND PONDS

KOKOCIŃSKI PATRYK, PIASECKA MARTA

21. THE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF ŻWIROWNIA RESERVOIR (RZESZÓW, WISŁOK RIVER

BASIN)

WÓJCIK MAGDALENA

22. THE IMPLICATIONS OF CONFLICTS OVER WATER IN THE M IDDLE EAST

BELICA BEATA

23. BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGICAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT BASED ON BENTHIC COMMUNITIES

IN SEAGRASS MEADOWS IN LONG SHALLOW AREA (GULF OF GDANSK)

DĄBROWSKA ANNA, KENDZIERSKA HALINA, JANAS URSZULA


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24. AQUATIC HABITATS ON THE WASTE LANDFILL AREA IN KLODA NEAR PILA (NORTH GREATER

POLAND ) – A WILDLIFE REFUGE AND A PLACE OF EDUCATION

BRZOZOWSKI MICHAŁ, BRYGIDER AGNIESZKA, BRZOZOWSKA SANDRA, OWSIANNY PAWEŁ M., MYK JÓZEF

25. INTO DEEP WATER : WHAT HAPPENS TO THE RODENTS DURING RAINFALL ?

WRÓBEL ALEKSANDRA, OSIECKA ANNA

26. SIMULATION OF LAND USE /COVER CHANGES BY USING AGENT-BASED MODELING

FOR THE WATER PROTECTION IN LAKE LANDSCAPE

GIEŁDA-PINAS KATARZYNA, LIGMANN-ZIELIŃSKA ARIKA, ZWOLIŃSKI ZBIGNIEW

27. THE LAND USE STRUCTURE IN THE LUCIĄŻA RIVER CATCHMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF WATER

PROTECTION

WŁODARCZYK RENATA

28. CONCEPTION OF INCLUSION FLOWING WATER RECREATION IN THE RURAL AREAS

ON THE EXAMPLE OF A SMALL RIVER ON THE WIELKOPOLSKA LAKELAND

PAJCHROWSKA MARIA, SZPAKOWSKA BARBARA

29. THE SOIL MOISTURE VARIABILITY , DEPENDING ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

ON THE SELECTED AREA THE COMMUNE KOZY

ZIĘBORAK PAULINA, KOZAK JANUSZ LESZEK

30. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER SOURCES IN THE NORTH -WEST PART OF THE MASSIF

BABIA GÓRA

MALATA MAŁGORZATA

31. EFFECT OF LAND OCCUPATION ON ACTUAL FLOW HYDROGRAPH DETERMINED WITH

THE RAINFALL -RUNOFF MODE. CASE STUDY: UPLAND RIVER BASIN AREA OF NIDA , POLAND

WOLSKI KRZYSZTOF, ŚLIWIŃSKA KAROLINA

32. ASSESSING THE CHEMICAL STATUS OF GROUNDWATER ON THE EXAMPLE

OF THE REPRESENTATIVITY INDEX OF THE MONITORING NETWORK

DĄBROWSKA DOMINIKA, KUCHARSKI RAFAŁ, WITKOWSKI ANDRZEJ J.

33. VERIFICATION THE ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENTS OF RIVERBED BASED ON THE ANALYSIS

GRANULOMETRIC OF RIVER SEDIMENT

CHWAŁEK MATEUSZ, MADZIA MAREK

34. TERMS OF RUNOFF IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF RÓŻANY POTOK STREAM

ANDRZEJAK ANNA, DOBROŚ EMILIA, KABACIŃSKA MONIKA, MARCHWIŃSKA AGNIESZKA

35. ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF RAINWATERS – GREEN ROOFS

SOBCZYK MAŁGORZATA

36. PROBLEM OF WATER SUPPLY IN THE CARPATHIAN FLYSCH THE EXAMPLE OF THE VILLAGE

KŁODNE

JUŚKO KAMIL, BAR DOMINIKA, DENDYS MARTA


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37. PRECISE DETERMINATION OF δ 7 L I IN NATURAL WATERS BY TIMS

PACEK ADRIAN

38. FLOODS ON WARTA RIVER IN POZNAŃ

DOBROŚ EMILIA, MARCHWIŃSKA AGNIESZKA

39. A COMPARISON OF FLOW VELOCITIES MEASURED USING AN ELECTROMAGNE TIC FLOW

METER AND ACOUSTIC DOPPLER VELOCIMETRY SKOWROŃSKA DAGMARA

17:20-17:30 SUMMARY


17:30-18:30 INTEGRATIVE WORKSHOP


20.30-… INTEGRATIVE MEETING

(COOLIOZUM CLUB )


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DAY 2: 14.03.2014


(HALL )

40. THE INFLUENCE OF WATER DISCHARGED FROM COOLING SYSTEMS OF PO WER PLANTS

ON THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF DAPHNIA SP. IN HEATED KONIN LAKES

LITWIN MAGDALENA, CERBIN SŁAWOMIR, PETRUSEK ADAM

41. DIFFERENTIATION OF FRESHWATER ULVA (ULVACEAE ; CHLOROPHYTA )

RYBAK ANDRZEJ STANISŁAW

42. NEW LOCALITY OF TRAPA NATANS L. AND SALVINIA NATANS (L.) ALL . AS A RESULT

THE NATURAL INVENTORY OF AQUATIC HABITATS IN THE AREA OF THE DISTRIC T OF PSZCZYNA

(THE NORTHERN PART OF THE OŚWIĘCIM BASIN)

BESZCZYŃSKA MONIKA

43. EPIPHYTIC GROWTH ON THE SURFACE OF DIFFERENT CLADOPHORA SPECIES

PIKOSZ MARTA, MESSYASZ BEATA, ŁEPKOWSKA KAROLINA

44. THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS AND VEGETATION OF THE RAISED BOG NEAR

THE KAMIENNIK MT. (WESTERN KARKONOSZE)

ŁOJKO RENATA

45. DOMINANT SPECIES IN CYANOBACTERIA COMMUNITY OF THE NORTHERN P ART

OF STRZESZYŃSKIE LAKE

STACHOWIAK E., KAŹMIERSKA A., SZELĄG-WASIELEWSKA E.

46. HOW CAN CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN CONTRIBUTE TO ECOLOGICAL SUCCESS OF BLUE-GREEN

ALGAE ?

RZYMSKI PIOTR, PONIEDZIAŁEK BARBARA, KOKOCIŃSKI MIKOŁAJ

47. AN ABRUPT RESPONSE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES TO WATER TABLE MAN IPULATION

IN A SPHAGNUM PEATLAND

RECZUGA MONIKA, JASSEY VINCENT E.J., BUTTLER ALEXANDRE, MITCHELL EDWARD A.D.,

NEUMANN MAŁGORZATA, SŁOWIŃSKI MICHAŁ, LAMENTOWICZ MARIUSZ

48. M ICROORGANISMS IN THE BRINE AND IN THE DEEP GROUNDWATER

POLATOWSKI MARCIN, JARZĄB NATALIA, WALCZAK MACIEJ

49. DIATOM DIVERSITY OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS OF THE MAGURA NATIONAL PARK

AS AN INDICATOR OF WATER QUALITY , THREATS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES

PESZEK ŁUKASZ, PAJĄCZEK ANITA, KOCHMAN NATALIA

50. M IXOTROPHY AS A SURVIVAL STRATEGY : THE OCCURRENCE OF THE SPECIES FROM

THE GENUS DINOBRYON (CHRYSOPHYCEAE) IN SOME MIDFOREST LAKES

MRÓZ PAULINA, OWSIANNY PAWEŁ M.


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51. USAGE ALGAE EXTRACTS AS A MOISTURIZING FACTOR IN COSMETICS

POŁANIECKA ANNA, ŁĘSKA BOGUSŁAWA

52. DIATOMS ASSEMBLAGES CREATING AN IMAGE OF ONE YEAR PERIOD IN LA KE ŁEKNEŃSKIE

SEROKA DOMINIKA, MESSYASZ BEATA

53. THE CHANGES IN THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES OF SŁAWSKIE LAKE DURING 2013

FRANKIEWICZ MONIKA, KOZAK ANNA

54. THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON STRUCTURE OF PHYTOPLANKTON

IN THE LOWER ODRA RIVER

SŁUGOCKI ŁUKASZ , GOŹDZIK IWONA, PILECKA-RAPACZ MAŁGORZATA, CZERNIAWSKI ROBERT,

DOMAGAŁA JÓZEF

55. HETEROGENEITY OF EPIPHYTIC DIATOMS ON FILAMENTOUS GREEN ALGAE

ŁEPKOWSKA KAROLINA, MESSYASZ BEATA, PIKOSZ MARTA

56. CHANGES IN THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY OF LAKE UZARZEWSKIE IN SPRING

AND AUTUMN 2013

SZCZEŚNIAK JOANNA, KOZAK ANNA

57. CHANGES IN THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMPOSITION IN THE MALTA ŃSKI RESERVOIR

AND THE INLET AND OUTLET OF THE CYBINA RIVER TO THE RESERVOIR

PIETRZAK ANDŻELIKA, KOZAK ANNA



CHAIRMEN:

PROF. DR HAB. LUBOMIRA BURCHARDT

M.BC. KAROLINA ŁEPKOWSKA

10:15-10:30 1. FUTURE POLISH OFFSHORE WIND FARMS AS A SUBSTRATUM FOR FOULING

COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE BALTIC SEA

BRZANA RADOSŁAW, JANAS URSZULA

10:30-10:45 2. THE INFLUENCE OF WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION AND DESICCATION

ON THE SURVIVAL AND MIGRATIONS OF PHYSA FONTINALIS

GULANICZ T., POZNANSKA M.

10:45-11:00 3. EFFECT OF SOIL USE IN THE CATCHMENT AREA FOR SURFACE WATER QUALITY

PAJĄCZEK ANITA, PESZEK ŁUKASZ, KOCHMAN NATALIA

11:00-11:15 4. APPRECIATION OF LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS AFFECTING WATER RESOURCES -

- SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE

WŁODARCZYK RENATA, KRAUZE KINGA


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11:15-11:30 5. USE OF GIS TOOLS IN FLOOD MODELLING SYSTEM OF WARTA RIVER

ON THE EXAMPLE OF POZNAŃ CITY

ANTKOWIAK MICHAŁ, MEISSNER MARIUSZ, STACHURA KAMILA, SZYMKOWIAK NATALIA

11:30-11:45 6. NATURE 2000 – WEŁNA RIVER VALLEY – VALUES, CHALLENGES

AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS

JAKUBAS EMILIA, GĄBKA MACIEJ

12:00-13:30 LUNCH


(HALL )

58. STRUCTURE OF ROTIFERA COMMUNITY AND ASSESSMENT OF TROPHIC AND SAPROBIC

CONDITIONS OF LAKE ŁYSY MŁYN NEAR POZNAŃ

TUREK IWONA, WIŚNIEWSKA MAŁGORZATA, KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN NATALIA

59. THE LEVEL OF CONCENTRATION OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS IN GROU NDWATER

SURFACE LAYERS IN THE VICINITY OF THE STORAGE OF MANURE FROM CATTLE

RAWICKI KACPER, MARCINIAK ANDRZEJ

60. FACTORS DETERMINING MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS IN EGGS OF WATER BI RDS FROM

THE GULF OF GDANSK AND WLOCLAWEK DAM

GRAJEWSKA AGNIESZKA, SZUMIŁO EMILIA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA, HAJDRYCH JULIA,

BEŁDOWSKA MAGDALENA, MEISSNER WŁODZIMIERZ, BZOMA SZYMON, PRZYSTALSKI ANDRZEJ,

BRAUZE TOMASZ

61. IMPACT OF TIO2 ON REMOBILIZATION OF METALS FROM MARINE ORGANIC MATTER

GRACA BOŻENA, ZAKRZEWSKA DANUTA, SANIEWSKA DOMINIKA

62. THE ROLE OF RAINFALL IN CLEANSING THE ATMOSPHERE FROM ORGANIC A ND ELEMENTAL

CARBON IN THE SEASIDE REGION

WITKOWSKA AGNIESZKA, LEWANDOWSKA ANITA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA

63. VIRUSES IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS

FRĄCKOWIAK PATRYK

64. SELECTED PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER OF NYSA ŁUŻYCKA

KUBICZ JUSTYNA, MAŁYSZKO JUSTYNA

65. GLYPHOSATE IN THE BOTTOM SEDIMENT OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE BALTIC SEA

ZAKRZEWSKA DANUTA, GRACA BOŻENA

66. METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GENES AND INTEGR ONS IN ‘Ł ĄCZA ’

WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN ŁĘŻYCA

MAKOWSKA NICOLETTA, MOKRACKA JOANNA

67. HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES AS A TARGET CELLS DURING CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN EX POSURE

PONIEDZIAŁEK BARBARA, RZYMSKI PIOTR


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68. AN EXAMPLE OF WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY IN THERMAL POWER STATION

CHOLEWIŃSKI MACIEJ, KAMIŃSKI MICHAŁ

69. RHIZOFILTRATION – ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF PURIFYING WATER

KOŹMIŃSKA ALEKSANDRA, MUSZYŃSKA EWA

70. COMPARISON OF TWO COMMERCIAL BIOMONITORING SYSTEMS BASED ON FRESHWATER

MUSSELS – GERMAN DREISSENA-MONITOR (DREISSENA POLYMORPHA) AND POLISH SYMBIO

(UNIO TUMIDUS)

ZIELSKA JOANNA

71. DEODORIZATION METHODS OF AIR CONTAINING ODORS

KWAŚNY JUSTYNA, BALCERZAK WOJCIECH

72. ASSESSMENT OF SUITABILITY OF SELECTED PRE -HYDROLYZED COAGULANTS

NOWACKA ANNA, WŁODARCZYK-MAKUŁA MARIA

73. BENTHIC DIATOMS AS INDICATORS OF WATER QUALITY OF NOTEĆ RIVER AT THE POINT

OF WATER RUN -OFF FROM OPENCAST BROWN COAL MINE ‘T OMISŁAWICE ’

BURDA IZABELLA, MESSYASZ BEATA

74. SELECTION OF CULTURE MEDIUM FOR PEDIASTRUM BORYANUM IN BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY

METALS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER

URBAŃSKA MAŁGORZATA, LENARCZYK JOANNA, MIKLASZEWSKA BEATA

75. INSTALLATION FOR COMBINED SEA WATER DESALINATION AND COOLING – ADSORPTION BED

SIMULATION

TOMKÓW ŁUKASZ

76. TECHNICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN SOUTH

POLAND

STYPUŁA SEBASTIAN, PRZYWARA LUCYNA

77. THE URBAN AGGLOMERATION IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF THE LOW LAND RIVER

(CENTRAL POLAND )

KNYSAK P., SZCZEPOCKA E., NOWICKA-KRAWCZYK P., ŻELAZNA-WIECZOREK J.


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CHAIRMEN:

PROF. DR HAB. PRZEMYSŁAW NIEDZIELSKI

M.SC. AGNIESZKA KAŹMIERSKA

14:30-14:45 1. THE COMPARISON OF CALCULATING METHODS OF PEAK DISCHARGES WI TH

EXCEEDANCE PROBABILITY IN SMALL UNCONTROLLED BASINS

WACHULEC KATARZYNA, WAŁĘGA ANDRZEJ

14:45-15:00 2. PROBLEMS WITH THE USE OF NUMERICAL MODELS IN WATER MANAGEMENT

THE OUTER CARPATHIANS (FLYSCH)

JUŚKO KAMIL, BAR DOMINIKA, DENDYS MARTA

15:00-15:15 3. WET DEPOSITION OF ELEMENTAL AND ORGANIC CARBON TO THE GULF

OF GDANSK

WITKOWSKA AGNIESZKA, LEWANDOWSKA ANITA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA

15:15-15:30 4. FACTORS AFFECTING THE CONCENTRATION OF ALKYLPHENOLS IN SURFACE

SEDIMENTS OF THE GULF OF GDANSK

KONIECKO IGA, STANISZEWSKA MARTA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA, BURSKA DOROTA,

KIEŁCZEWSKA JOANNA, JASIŃSKA ANITA

15:30-15:45 5. STATE OF POLLUTION OF GDAŃSK BASIN BY PENTACHLOROPHENOL –

– DIOXINS PRECURSOR

KOBUSIŃSKA MARTA, SKAURADSZUN MARIA, NIEMIRYCZ ELŻBIETA

15:45-16:00 6. DIOXINS IN THE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF PORTS OF THE GULF OF GDAŃSK

LEWANDOWSKI KRZYSZTOF, NIEMIRYCZ ELŻBIETA

16:00-16:15 7. PALEOECOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LAKE ŁEBSKO IN THE LIGHT OF DIATOM

ANALYSIS

STASZAK AGATA

16:15-16:30 8. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN δ 13C AND δ 18O VALUES IN ORGANIC MATTER ,

CARBONATE ENCRUSTATIONS AND AMBIENT WATERS : A COMPARATIVE STUDY

OF TWO MORPHOLOGICALLY DIFFERENT CHAROPHYTES

PRONIN EUGENIUSZ, PEŁECHATY MARIUSZ, PUKACZ ANDRZEJ, APOLINARSKA KARINA

17:00-17:30

SUMMARY

AND CLOSING OF THE CONFERENCE


PROF. DR HAB. RYSZARD GOŁDYN


17

L IST OF CONTRIBUTIONS

INAUGURAL LECTURE

SKÓRA K.

PROBLEMS OF THE BALTIC SEA ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION OPENING P. 29

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

ANTKOWIAK M., MEISSNER M., STACHURA K.,

SZYMKOWIAK N.

USE OF GIS TOOLS IN FLOOD MODELLING SYSTEM

OF WARTA RIVER ON THE EXAMPLE OF POZNAŃ CITY

SESSION 3 P. 31

BRZANA R., JANAS U.

FUTURE POLISH OFFSHORE WIND FARMS AS A SUBSTRATUM

FOR FOULING COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTHERN PART

OF THE BALTIC SEA

SESSION 3 P. 32

GĄSIOROWSKI L.

THE JELLY FALLS: THE ROLE OF PELAGIC TUNICATES

IN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

SESSION 2 P. 33

GULANICZ T., POZNANSKA M.

THE INFLUENCE OF WATER LEVEL FLUCTUATION

AND DESICCATION ON THE SURVIVAL AND MIGRATIONS

OF PHYSA FONTINALIS

SESSION 3 P. 34

JAKUBAS E., GĄBKA M.

NATURE 2000 – WEŁNA RIVER VALLEY – VALUES,

CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS

SESSION 3 P. 35

JUŚKO K., BAR D., DENDYS M.

PROBLEMS WITH THE USE OF NUMERICAL MODELS IN WATER

MANAGEMENT THE OUTER CARPATHIANS (FLYSCH)

SESSION 4 P. 36

KOBUSIŃSKA M., SKAURADSZUN M., NIEMIRYCZ E.

STATE OF POLLUTION OF GDAŃSK BASIN BY

PENTACHLOROPHENOL – DIOXINS PRECURSOR

SESSION 4 P. 37


18

KOCERBA-SOROKA W., FIAŁKOWSKA E.,

PAJDAK-STÓSA., SOBCZYK M., FYDA J.

THE EFFECT OF HORMONES ON SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF

LECANE INERMIS (ROTIFERA)

SESSION 2 P. 38

KONIECKO I., STANISZEWSKA M., FALKOWSKA L.,

BURSKA D., KIEŁCZEWSKA J., JASIŃSKA A.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE CONCENTRATION

OF ALKYLPHENOLS IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF THE GULF

OF GDANSK

SESSION 4 P. 39

KUBERA Ł., GUMIŃSKA J., DONDERSKI W.

MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS

OF LAKES LOCATED IN THE NATIONAL PARK ‘BORY

TUCHOLSKIE’

SESSION 2 P. 40

KUJAWSKA N., TALBIERZ S., LATAŁA A.

BALTIC DIATOMS AS PRODUCERS OF EPS SESSION 2 P. 41

KWAŚNY J., BALCERZAK W.

SELECTED NATURAL COAGULANTS FOR WATER TREATMENT SESSION 1 P. 42

LEWANDOWSKI K., NIEMIRYCZ E.

DIOXINS IN THE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF PORTS

OF THE GULF OF GDAŃSK

SESSION 4 P. 43

MACIAK J., NIEMIRYCZ E.

MICROTOX®

AS A TOOL TO EVALUATE SEDIMENTS TOXICITY SESSION 1 P. 44

MAKOWSKA N., KOCZURA R., MOKRACKA J.

RESISTANCE INTEGRONS AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE

GENES IN BACTERIA OF WATER ENVIRONMENTS

SESSION 1 P. 45

MARCHLEWICZ A., GUZIK U., WOJCIESZYŃSKA D.

DEGRADATION OF IBUPROFEN AS WATER POLLUTANT

BY BACTERIAL STRAINS

SESSION 1 P. 46

MAŚLAK P., KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN N., ŚWIDNICKI K.

THE SAMPLING METHOD INFLUENCES ESTIMATION

OF THE ROTIFER COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN A MID-FIELD

POND

SESSION 2 P. 47

MAZURKIEWICZ M., WŁODARSKA-KOWALCZUK M.,

KOTWICKI L., ZAJĄCZKOWSKI M.

MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN THE REGION OF VISTULA

RIVER MOUTH (GULF OF GDAŃSK)

SESSION 2 P. 48


19

PAJĄCZEK A., PESZEK Ł., KOCHMAN N.

EFFECT OF SOIL USE IN THE CATCHMENT AREA

FOR SURFACE WATER QUALITY

SESSION 3 P. 49

POLECHOŃSKA L.

CHEMICAL CHANGES AND NUTRIENT RELEASE DURING

DECOMPOSITION PROCESSES OF EUROPEAN FROG-BIT

(HYDROCHARIS MORSUS-RANAE) UNDER DIFFERENT WATER

CHARACTERISTICS

SESSION 2 P. 50

PRONIN E., PEŁECHATY M.1, PUKACZ A.,

APOLINARSKA K.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN δ 13C AND δ 18O VALUES

IN ORGANIC MATTER, CARBONATE ENCRUSTATIONS

AND AMBIENT WATERS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO

MORPHOLOGICALLY DIFFERENT CHAROPHYTES

SESSION 4 P. 51

SOBCZYK M., FIAŁKOWSKA E., KOCERBA-SOROKA W.,

PAJDAK-STÓS A., FYDA J.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE PARAMETERS OF SBR CYCLES

ON THE EFFICIENCY OF AMMONIA REMOVAL

AND PROTOZOAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION

SESSION 1 P. 52

SOWINSKA A., MAKOWSKA M.

GROWTH OF MICROBIAL BIOMASS AND THE EFFECTIVENESS

OF REMOVING CONTAMINANTS FROM WASTEWATER

IN INDIVIDUAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

SESSION 1 P. 53

STASZAK A.

PALEOECOLOGICAL CHANGES IN LAKE ŁEBSKO

IN THE LIGHT OF DIATOM ANALYSIS

SESSION 4 P. 54

SZYDŁOWSKI J., GRZYBOWSKI W.

BIODEGRADATION OF 17 α -ETHINYL ESTRADIOL

IN NATURAL WATERS

SESSION 1 P. 55

TALBIERZ S., KUJAWSKA N., LATAŁA A.

DISTILLERY WASTEWATER AS A GOOD SOURCE

FOR THE CULTIVATION OF MICROALGAE

SESSION 1 P. 56

WACHULEC K., WAŁĘGA A.

THE COMPARISON OF CALCULATING METHODS OF PEAK

DISCHARGES WITH EXCEEDANCE PROBABILITY IN SMALL

UNCONTROLLED BASINS

SESSION 4 P. 57


20

WEJNEROWSKI Ł., CERBIN S.

COMPARISON OF CULTURE TECHNIQUES USED

IN LABORATORY STUDIES ON CYANOBACTERIA –

- THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

SESSION 2 P. 58

WITKOWSKA A., LEWANDOWSKA A., FALKOWSKA L.

WET DEPOSITION OF ELEMENTAL AND ORGANIC CARBON

TO THE GULF OF GDANSK

SESSION 4 P. 59

WŁODARCZYK R., KRAUZE K.

APPRECIATION OF LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS AFFECTING

WATER RESOURCES - SOCIAL PERSPECTIVE

SESSION 3 P. 60

POSTER PRESENTATIONS

ANDRZEJAK A., DOBROŚ E., KABACIŃSKA M.,

MARCHWIŃSKA A.

TERMS OF RUNOFF IN THE CATCHMENT AREA OF RÓŻANY

POTOK STREAM

SESSION 2 P. 62

BARAN M., BUKOWIEC P.

FACTS AND MYTHS ABOUT TAP WATER SESSION 1 P. 63

BELICA B.

THE IMPLICATIONS OF CONFLICTS OVER WATER

IN THE MIDDLE EAST

SESSION 2 P. 64

BESZCZYŃSKA M.

NEW LOCALITY OF TRAPA NATANS L. AND SALVINIA NATANS

(L.) ALL. AS A RESULT THE NATURAL INVENTORY

OF AQUATIC HABITATS IN THE AREA OF THE DISTRICT OF

PSZCZYNA (THE NORTHERN PART OF THE OŚWIĘCIM BASIN)

SESSION 3 P. 65

BORECKA A., JANAS U.

CAN GLACIAL RELICT SADURIA ENTOMON (ISOPODA,

CRUSTACEA) SURVIVE IN WARMER WATER?

SESSION 1 P. 66

BRZOZOWSKI M., BRYGIDER A., BRZOZOWSKA S.,

OWSIANNY P. M., MYK J.

AQUATIC HABITATS ON THE WASTE LANDFILL AREA

IN KLODA NEAR PILA (NORTH GREATER POLAND) –

- A WILDLIFE REFUGE AND A PLACE OF EDUCATION

SESSION 2 P. 67


21

BURDA I., MESSYASZ B.

BENTHIC DIATOMS AS INDICATORS OF WATER QUALITY

OF NOTEĆ RIVER AT THE POINT OF WATER RUN-OFF FROM

OPENCAST BROWN COAL MINE ‘TOMISŁAWICE’

SESSION 4 P. 68

CHOLEWIŃSKI M., KAMI ŃSKI M.

AN EXAMPLE OF WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY

IN THERMAL POWER STATION

SESSION 4 P. 69

CHWAŁEK M., MADZIA M.

VERIFICATION THE ROUGHNESS COEFFICIENTS

OF RIVERBED BASED ON THE ANALYSIS GRANULOMETRIC

OF RIVER SEDIMENT

SESSION 2 P. 70

CZARNECKA P., KENDZIERSKA H., JANAS U.

TEMPERATURE, AS AN IMPORTANT LIFE FACTOR FOR

KEYSTONE SPECIES IDOTEA BALTHICA (CRUSTACEA:

ISOPODA)

SESSION 1 P. 71

DĄBROWSKA A., KENDZIERSKA H., JANAS U.

BIODIVERSITY AND ECOLOGICAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT

BASED ON BENTHIC COMMUNITIES IN SEAGRASS MEADOWS

IN LONG SHALLOW AREA (GULF OF GDANSK)

SESSION 2 P. 72

DĄBROWSKA D., KUCHARSKI R., WITKOWSKI A. J.

ASSESSING THE CHEMICAL STATUS OF GROUNDWATER

ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPRESENTATIVITY INDEX

OF THE MONITORING NETWORK

SESSION 2 P. 73

DOBROŚ E., MARCHWIŃSKA A.

FLOODS ON WARTA RIVER IN POZNAŃ SESSION 2 P. 74

DUBLINOWSKA M., SMOLARZ K., CZERNIAWSKA N.,

LARSSON J.

CONDITION OF MYTILUS EDULIS TROSSULUS ALONG

SALINITY AND POLLUTION GRADIENT IN THE BALTIC SEA

SESSION 1 P. 75

FABROWSKA J., ŁĘSKA B.

ALGAE AS A BIOACCUMULATORS OF HEAVY METALS SESSION 1 P. 76

FRANKIEWICZ M., KOZAK A.

THE CHANGES IN THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES

OF SŁAWSKIE LAKE DURING 2013

SESSION 3 P. 77

FRĄCKOWIAK P.

VIRUSES IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS SESSION 4 P. 79


22

GIEŁDA-PINAS K., LIGMANN-ZIELIŃSKA A.,

ZWOLIŃSKI Z.

SIMULATION OF LAND USE/COVER CHANGES BY USING

AGENT-BASED MODELING FOR THE WATER PROTECTION

IN LAKE LANDSCAPE

SESSION 2 P. 80

GRABOWSKA K.

THE IMPACT OF HELOPHYTE TRANSPIRATION

ON THE VERTICAL WATER EXCHANGE IN LAKES

SESSION 1 P. 81

GRACA B., ZAKRZEWSKA D., SANIEWSKA D.

IMPACT OF TIO2 ON REMOBILIZATION OF METALS FROM

MARINE ORGANIC MATTER

SESSION 4 P. 82

GRAJEWSKA A., SZUMIŁO E., FALKOWSKA L.,

HAJDRYCH J., BEŁDOWSKA M., MEISSNER W., BZOMA S.,

PRZYSTALSKI A., BRAUZE T.

FACTORS DETERMINING MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS

IN EGGS OF WATER BIRDS FROM THE GULF OF GDANSK

AND WLOCLAWEK DAM

SESSION 4 P. 83

JĘDRUCH A., BEŁDOWSKA M., FALKOWSKA L.

TOTAL MERCURY IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS OF THE GDANSK

BASIN

SESSION 1 P. 84

JUŚKO K., BAR D., DENDYS M.

PROBLEM OF WATER SUPPLY IN THE CARPATHIAN FLYSCH

THE EXAMPLE OF THE VILLAGE KŁODNE

SESSION 2 P. 85

KNYSAK P., SZCZEPOCKA E., NOWICKA-KRAWCZYK P.,

ŻELAZNA-WIECZOREK J.

THE URBAN AGGLOMERATION IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL

STATUS OF THE LOWLAND RIVER (CENTRAL POLAND)

SESSION 4 P. 86

KOKOCIŃSKI P., PIASECKA M.

ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS AFFECTING BIRD

AND AMPHIBIAN SPECIES DIVERSITY IN FARMLAND PONDS

SESSION 2 P. 88

KOLICKA M., KOTWICKI L., GRZELAK K.,

ZAWIERUCHA K.

GASTROTRICHA OF THE BALTIC SEA - NEW RECORDS

OF CHAETONOTIDA AND MACRODASYIDA

SESSION 1 P. 89


23

KOZŁOWSKA A., WEJNEROWSKI Ł., CERBIN S.

INFLUENCE OF DAPHNIA MAGNA (STRAUS 1820) EXUDATES

ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF CYANOBACTERIUM

APHANIZOMENON GRACILE (LEMM. 1910)

SESSION 1 P. 90

KOŹMIŃSKA A., MUSZYŃSKA E.

RHIZOFILTRATION – ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF PURIFYING

WATER

SESSION 4 P. 91

KRACZKOWSKA W., KOTOWSKA A., LANGWIŃSKI W.

FOLLOWING WATER ECOSYSTEM BIODIVERSITY - GENETIC

MONITORING AS A USEFUL TOOL FOR PROTECTION

ENDANGERED SPECIES ASSOCIATED WITH WATER

ENVIRONMENT

SESSION 1 P. 92

KREPSKI T., PILECKA-RAPACZ M., CZERNIAWSKI R.,

DOMAGAŁA J.

BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES COMMUNITIES OF LOWER,

LARGE RIVER IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

SESSION 1 P. 93

KUBICZ J., MAŁYSZKO J.

SELECTED PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

OF WATER OF NYSA ŁUŻYCKA

SESSION 4 P. 94

KWAŚNY J., BALCERZAK W.

DEODORIZATION METHODS OF AIR CONTAINING ODORS SESSION 4 P. 95

LITWIN M., CERBIN S., PETRUSEK A.

THE INFLUENCE OF WATER DISCHARGED FROM COOLING

SYSTEMS OF POWER PLANTS ON THE GENETIC STRUCTURE

OF DAPHNIA SP. IN HEATED KONIN LAKES

SESSION 3 P. 96

ŁEPKOWSKA K., MESSYASZ B., PIKOSZ M.

HETEROGENEITY OF EPIPHYTIC DIATOMS ON FILAMENTOUS

GREEN ALGAE

SESSION 3 P. 97

ŁOJKO R.

THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS AND VEGETATION

OF THE RAISED BOG NEAR THE KAMIENNIK MT. (WESTERN

KARKONOSZE)

SESSION 3 P. 98

MAKOWSKA N., MOKRACKA J.

METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE GENES

AND INTEGRONS IN ‘ŁĄCZA’ WASTEWATER TREATMENT

PLANT IN ŁĘŻYCA

SESSION 4 P. 99


24

MALATA M.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WATER SOURCES

IN THE NORTH-WEST PART OF THE MASSIF BABIA GÓRA

SESSION 2 P. 100

MIKA D.

CONCERNING LAMPREYS (PETROMYZONTIFORMES)

TAXONOMY OR ABOUT HYBRIDIZATION AND PRAECOX FORM

SESSION 1 P. 101

MRÓZ P., OWSIANNY P. M.

MIXOTROPHY AS A SURVIVAL STRATEGY: THE OCCURRENCE

OF THE SPECIES FROM THE GENUS DINOBRYON

(CHRYSOPHYCEAE) IN SOME MIDFOREST LAKES

SESSION 3 P. 102

NOWACKA A., WŁODARCZYK-MAKUŁA M.

ASSESSMENT OF SUITABILITY OF SELECTED

PRE-HYDROLYZED COAGULANTS

SESSION 4 P. 103

PACEK A.

PRECISE DETERMINATION OF ∆7 LI IN NATURAL WATERS

BY TIMS

SESSION 2 P. 104

PAJCHROWSKA M., SZPAKOWSKA B.

CONCEPTION OF INCLUSION FLOWING WATER RECREATION

IN THE RURAL AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE OF A SMALL RIVER

ON THE WIELKOPOLSKA LAKELAND

SESSION 2 P. 105

PESZEK Ł., PAJĄCZEK A., KOCHMAN N.

DIATOM DIVERSITY OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

OF THE MAGURA NATIONAL PARK AS AN INDICATOR

OF WATER QUALITY, THREATS AND ENVIRONMENTAL

CHANGES

SESSION 3 P. 106

PIETRZAK A., KOZAK A.

CHANGES IN THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMPOSITION

IN THE MALTAŃSKI RESERVOIR AND THE INLET AND OUTLET

OF THE CYBINA RIVER TO THE RESERVOIR

SESSION 3 P. 107

PIKOSZ M., MESSYASZ B., ŁEPKOWSKA K.

EPIPHYTIC GROWTH ON THE SURFACE OF DIFFERENT

CLADOPHORA SPECIES

SESSION 3 P. 108

POLATOWSKI M., JARZĄB N., WALCZAK M.

MICROORGANISMS IN THE BRINE AND IN THE DEEP

GROUNDWATER

SESSION 3 P. 109


25

POŁANIECKA A., ŁĘSKA B.

USAGE ALGAE EXTRACTS AS A MOISTURIZING FACTOR

IN COSMETICS

SESSION 3 P. 110

PONIEDZIAŁEK B., RZYMSKI P.

HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES AS A TARGET CELLS DURING

CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN EXPOSURE

SESSION 4 P. 111

PRZESMYCKA K., MOSKALIK S., KOZŁOWSKA A.,

DZIUBA M.

CHOOSING THE LESSER EVIL – TRADE-OFFS IN BEHAVIORAL

RESPONSES TO NEGATIVE CUES

SESSION 1 P. 112

RAWICKI K., MARCINIAK A.

THE LEVEL OF CONCENTRATION OF NITROGEN

AND PHOSPHORUS IN GROUNDWATER SURFACE LAYERS

IN THE VICINITY OF THE STORAGE OF MANURE FROM CATTLE

SESSION 4 P. 113

RECZUGA M., JASSEY V. E. J., BUTTLER A.,

MITCHELL E. A . D., NEUMANN M., SŁOWIŃSKI M.,

LAMENTOWICZ M.

AN ABRUPT RESPONSE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES

TO WATER TABLE MANIPULATION IN A SPHAGNUM

PEATLAND

SESSION 3 P. 114

ROSIŃSKA J., DONDAJEWSKA R., GOŁDYN R.,

GRZELCZAK J., RUSZKOWSKA-CICHOCKA B.

THE IMPACT OF LAKE RESTORATION ON WATER QUALITY

OF LOWLAND RIVER FLOWING THROUGH THE LAKE

SESSION 1 P. 116

RYBAK A. S.

DIFFERENTIATION OF FRESHWATER ULVA (ULVACEAE;

CHLOROPHYTA)

SESSION 3 P. 117

RZYMSKI P., PONIEDZIAŁEK B., KOKOCIŃSKI M.

HOW CAN CYLINDROSPERMOPSIN CONTRIBUTE

TO ECOLOGICAL SUCCESS OF BLUE-GREEN ALGAE?

SESSION 3 P. 118

SEROKA D., MESSYASZ B.

DIATOMS ASSEMBLAGES CREATING AN IMAGE OF ONE YEAR

PERIOD IN LAKE ŁEKNEŃSKIE

SESSION 3 P. 119


26

SKOWROŃSKA D.

A COMPARISON OF FLOW VELOCITIES MEASURED USING

AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOW METER AND ACOUSTIC

DOPPLER VELOCIMETRY

SESSION 2 P. 120

SŁUGOCKI Ł., GOŹDZIK I., PILECKA-RAPACZ M.,

CZERNIAWSKI R., DOMAGAŁA J.

THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON STRUCTURE

OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE LOWER ODRA RIVER

SESSION 3 P. 121

SOBCZYK M.

ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF RAINWATERS – GREEN

ROOFS

SESSION 2 P. 122

STACHOWIAK E., KAŹMIERSKA A.,

SZELĄG-WASIELEWSKA E.

DOMINANT SPECIES IN CYANOBACTERIA COMMUNITY

OF THE NORTHERN PART OF STRZESZYŃSKIE LAKE

SESSION 3 P. 123

STASZAK A.

INFLUENCE OF NATURAL FACTORS AND ANTHROPOPRESSION

ON TRANSFORMATIONS, CURRENT STATE AND FUTURE

CHANGES OF LAKES IN DRAWIENSKI NATIONAL PARK

SESSION 1 P. 124

STYPUŁA S., PRZYWARA L.

TECHNICAL EFFECTIVENESS OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER

TREATMENT PLANT IN SOUTH POLAND

SESSION 4 P. 125

SZCZEPANIAK S., DONDAJEWSKA R.

CHANGES IN WATER QUALITY OF MALTAŃSKI RESERVOIR

IN THE FIRST YEAR AFTER FILLING

SESSION 1 P. 126

SZCZEŚNIAK J., KOZAK A.

CHANGES IN THE PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY OF LAKE

UZARZEWSKIE IN SPRING AND AUTUMN 2013

SESSION 3 P. 127

TOMKÓW Ł.

INSTALLATION FOR COMBINED SEA WATER DESALINATION

AND COOLING – ADSORPTION BED SIMULATION

SESSION 4 P. 128

TUREK I., WIŚNIEWSKA M., KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN N.

STRUCTURE OF ROTIFERA COMMUNITY AND ASSESSMENT

OF TROPHIC AND SAPROBIC CONDITIONS OF LAKE ŁYSY

MŁYN NEAR POZNAŃ

SESSION 4 P. 129


27

URBAŃSKA M., LENARCZYK J., MIKLASZEWSKA B.

SELECTION OF CULTURE MEDIUM FOR PEDIASTRUM

BORYANUM IN BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS FROM

INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER

SESSION 4 P. 130

WACHOWIAK W., NIEDZIELSKI P.

GEOCHEMICAL RESEARCH OF RIVER SEDIMENTS SESSION 1 P. 131

WITKOWSKA A., LEWANDOWSKA A., FALKOWSKA L.

THE ROLE OF RAINFALL IN CLEANSING THE ATMOSPHERE

FROM ORGANIC AND ELEMENTAL CARBON IN THE SEASIDE

REGION

SESSION 4 P. 132

WIŚNIEWSKA M., KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN N., PIASECZNA A.

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DETERMINING SIMILARITY

OF ROTIFERA COMMUNITIES OF SMALL WATER BODIES

SESSION 1 P. 133

WŁODARCZYK R.

THE LAND USE STRUCTURE IN THE LUCIĄŻA RIVER

CATCHMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF WATER PROTECTION

SESSION 2 P. 134

WOLSKI K., ŚLIWI ŃSKA K.

EFFECT OF LAND OCCUPATION ON ACTUAL FLOW

HYDROGRAPH DETERMINED WITH THE RAINFALL-RUNOFF

MODE. CASE STUDY: UPLAND RIVER BASIN AREA OF NIDA,

POLAND

SESSION 2 P. 135

WÓJCIK M.

THE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF ŻWIROWNIA

RESERVOIR (RZESZÓW, WISŁOK RIVER BASIN)

SESSION 2 P. 136

WRÓBEL A., OSIECKA A.

INTO DEEP WATER: WHAT HAPPENS TO THE RODENTS

DURING RAINFALL?

SESSION 2 P. 137

ZAKRZEWSKA D., GRACA B.

GLYPHOSATE IN THE BOTTOM SEDIMENT OF THE SOUTHERN

PART OF THE BALTIC SEA

SESSION 4 P. 138

ZAWIERUCHA K., GRZELAK K., KOTWICKI L.,

KACZMAREK Ł., KOLICKA M.

FIRST RECORD OF MARINE TARDIGRADE BATILLIPES

NOERREVANGI KRISTENSEN, 1978 FROM POLAND (PUCK

BAY)

SESSION 1 P. 139


28

ZIELSKA J.

COMPARISON OF TWO COMMERCIAL BIOMONITORING

SYSTEMS BASED ON FRESHWATER MUSSELS – GERMAN

DREISSENA-MONITOR (DREISSENA POLYMORPHA)

AND POLISH SYMBIO (UNIO TUMIDUS)

SESSION 4 P. 140

ZIĘBORAK P., KOZAK J. L.

THE SOIL MOISTURE VARIABILITY, DEPENDING

ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE SELECTED AREA

THE COMMUNE KOZY

SESSION 2 P. 141


29

INAUGURAL LECTURE


30

ABSTRACTS

ORAL PRESENTATIONS


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

31

Use of GIS tools in flood modelling system of Warta river

on the example of Poznań city

ANTKOWIAK MICHAŁ*, MEISSNER MARIUSZ, STACHURA KAMILA ,

SZYMKOWIAK NATALIA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ, COLLEGIUM BIOLOGICUM,

UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND

*corresponding author: [email protected]

Anthropogenic transformation of beds of rivers and streams as well as hydrotechnical builds

on the full-length of watercourse contributed to present state of the Water Management. The flood risk

management became one of the pivotal elements of Water Management in response to European

Parliament and European Union Council 2007/60/WE Directive. So called flood Directive regulates

flood hazard assessment and management. Nowadays, the discussion concerns minimized losses

caused by flood and flood risk management. GIS tools correspond to the needs of Water Management

and they are broadly used in hydrological studies as well. Maps of the flood risk area are one

of the major part of the analysis, while spatial data bases inform about costs of the next flood.

The main aim of the study is presentation of Warta river model during low-water period. Digital

Elevation Model (DEM) and data concerning water level of Warta river give opportunity to show

flood situation of Poznań city. Knowledge about floodplain zones of the city in particular water level

allows to avoid numerous negative consequences of flood. What is more, it enables to plan proper

human and equipment evacuation or change of the localization of objects which can intensify danger

caused by flood such as chemical plant, sewage treatment plant, schools, hospitals and kindergartens.

Key words: GIS tools, DEM, flood risk


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

32

Future Polish offshore wind farms as a substratum for fouling communities

in the Southern Part of the Baltic Sea

BRZANA RADOSŁAW*, JANAS URSZULA

UNIWERSYTET GDAŃSKI, WYDZIAŁ OCEANOGRAFII I GEOGRAFII, INSTYTUT OCEANOGRAFII,

ZAKŁAD EKOLOGII EKSPERYMENTALNEJ ORGANIZMÓW MORSKICH,

AL. MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81–378, GDYNIA, POLSKA


European Climate Plan, launched in 2008, imposes upon each member state a target contribution

figure for the production of electricity from renewable energy sources that should be achieved

by 2020. The goal for Poland was set at 15%. Construction of offshore wind farms maybe necessary

to achieve current goal and another goals that are going to be set with future European Climate Plans.

In total 95 sites were chosen in three regions proposed for wind farms construction: Oder Bank,

Słupsk Bank and Middle Bank. Chosen sites total area comes to 2219,23 square kilometers.

Natural hard bottom is rare in the southern part of the Baltic Sea. Therefore, artificial structures such

as offshore wind farms may create favourable conditions for new benthic communities to appear

in this region.

The aim of this research was to characterize both short-term and long-term benthic communities

associated with artificial hard bottom in the Southern Baltic Sea. In order to do that species

composition as well as the abundance, biomass and percent coverage were examined at various sites.

An inactive World War II torpedo testing facility in the Gulf of Gdansk served as a site for sampling

long-term communities while short-term communities were sampled using settlement panels and PVC

cylinders. Panels were deployed at the torpedo testing facility for 5 months. PVC cylinders were

deployed for 3 months in the Polish Exclusive Economic Zone. Twenty two faunal taxa, including

9 crustacean taxa, were identified during the research. Mytilus edulis and Amphibalanus improvisus

were the most abundant invertebrates at sampled surfaces. Five non-indigenous species were detected.

For the first time adult individuals of Mytilopsis leucopheaeta were detected in Polish Marine Areas

indicating, that it is possible for this non-indigenous species to reproduce in this region.

Key words: Baltic Sea, Offshore Wind Farms, benthic communities


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

33

The jelly falls: the role of pelagic tunicates in marine ecosystems

GĄSIOROWSKI LUDWIK*

UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF PALEOBIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, UL. MIECZNIKOWA 1, 02-096 WARSAW, POLAND


The tunicates are an exclusively saltwater group of animals with a worldwide distribution.

It is especially their pelagic representatives in the classes Larvacea and Thaliacea that affect marine

ecology.

Pelagic tunicates can filter particles down to micrometre size, which enables them to feed

on picoplankton unavailable to other marine herbivores. Due to this ability, members of Larvacea

and Thaliacea consume a significant proportion of primary production. The faecal pellets and carbon-

rich bodies of those animals fall to the ocean bottom after their death, supplying vast amounts

of essential organic compounds to many deep-sea ecosystems. Additionally, nutrients from dead

pelagic tunicates play an important role in the formation of fertile deep-sea water strata brought back

to the surface via upwelling.

Despite their crucial role in the oceanic carbon-cycle, pelagic tunicates remain poorly known.

As a result of the recent global increase of mean temperatures, the distribution of Larvacea

and Thaliacea is beginning to vary, which may lead to dramatic changes in the ecology of the world

ocean. Hence the importance of a better understanding of the biology of the planktonic species

of tunicates.

In my presentation I try to explain the significance of pelagic tunicates, and to identify the major gaps

in our current knowledge of them.

Key words: Tunicata, zooplankton, carbon-cycle


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

34

The influence of water level fluctuation and desiccation

on the survival and migrations of Physa fontinalis

GULANICZ T.*, POZNANSKA M.

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS UUNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,

DEPARTMENT OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY, UL. LWOWSKA 1, 87-100 TORUŃ, POLAND


Physa fontinalis is a small gastropod inhabiting shallow and fluctuating near-shore waters where

is susceptible for desiccation when the level of water decreased. We hypothesized there should

be some adaptational mechanism responsible for surviving of snail in natural environment

if the substrate is exposed for air drying like resistance for desiccation and migration following

the decreasing water level and/or burying in the sediments respectively. Using laboratory experiments,

we investigated the survival and behavioural defenses of Physa fontinalis under condition of water

fluctuation and desiccation. Our study demonstrates that Physa fontinalis species are resistant

to substratum drying. Between 8 and 9 days more than 50% of all studied species were alive

and the humidity of sediment was approximately 5% compared to 18% at the beginning of sediment

exposure to drying. 90% of specimens was dead after 11 days and the humidity of sediment was

decreased to 0,1%. Snails also migrate horizontally on gradually drying sandy substratum, following

the retreating water level. Contrary the vertical migration was not observed and presumably is not

the part of adaptational mechanism. Our finding suggest that persistence for drying and horizontal

migration are the main adaptation of Physa fontinalis to the water level fluctuations and substratum

drying.

Key words: desiccation, substratum drying, snail

This research was supported by National Science Centre grant N N304 306840.


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

35

Nature 2000 – Wełna River Valley – values, challenges

and potential solutions

JAKUBAS EMILIA *, GĄBKA MACIEJ

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, PL-61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND


The Wełna river belongs in the area of Natura 2000 Ecological Network in Poland – ‘Wełna River

Valley’ . This river represents a very rare type of Ranunculion fluitantis river in our whole country.

Apart from Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion communities in the Wełna river occur

other valuable habitats such as 3150 Natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition -

type vegetation and 91E0 Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion,

Alnion incanae, Salicion albae).

The Wełna river should be treated as objects of particular care, mainly because of rich populations

of protected plants, rarely met and threatened with extinction. This river is also marked by desirable

functional parameters of water, great energy potential, hence it is used for hydro energy purposes.

The main problems of ‘Wełna River Valley’ is a large number of hydro buildings, which have been

changed natural character of the Wełna river and the arrangement of the flora. Hence, there is a need

to determine the influence of the change of the river continuity as the eco-friendly corridor

on functioning of ecological niches of existing macrophytes and diversifying their population.

This will allow to plan conservator's appropriate actions in relation to the river ecosystem transformed

by human activity.

Key words: lowland river, habitats, challenges


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

36

Problems with the use of numerical models

in water management the Outer Carpathians (Flysch)

JUŚKO KAMIL *, BAR DOMINIKA , DENDYS MARTA

AGH AKADEMIA GÓRNICZO – HUTNICZA, WYDZIAŁ GEOLOGII, GEOFIZYKI I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA,

KATEDRA HYDROGEOLOGII I GEOLOGII INŻYNIERSKIEJ, AL. A. MICKIEWICZA, 30-059 KRAKÓW, POLSKA


Numerical modelling is a frequently used tool in the assessment of both available groundwater

resources and for management optimization of water in shortage areas. Field studies in the Kłodne

and Męcina area have been carried out in December 2012, in the a period of low water level after

a long term drought. The study area have complicated geological structure. Large part of thereof

is the active landslide. Flysch Carpathians are characterized by lack of structures aquifers continuity.

Archive and collected data on groundwater levels and flows in streams were the base for creation

of a one-layer steady state hydrodynamic model of the local area. Evaluation of the possibilities

to increase the Quaternary aquifer exploitation in the research area had been carried out using

the finite difference method in Visual MODFLOW V.4.2 package. First problem with model

construction was description of the geological structure resulting in low fidelity model. Real

groundwater intake was burdened by high uncertainty. Specific water use is register. Problematic was

estimation of unregistered exploitation by private farmstead wells fairly widespread in the research

area. What is more the software allows to characterise only continuous layers on the model. However

remains the question about the legitimacy and efficiency of using so extensive simplifications

in the modelled area of less than a 32 km2.

Key words: numerical modelling, Flysch Carpathians


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

37

State of pollution of Gdańsk Basin by pentachlorophenol –

– dioxins precursor

KOBUSIŃSKA MARTA*, SKAURADSZUN MARIA, NIEMIRYCZ ELŻBIETA

UNIVERSITY OF GDAŃSK, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY,

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE CHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,

AL. PIŁSUDSKIEGO 81-378, GDYNIA, POLAND


The study has undertaken the assessment of the state of the Gdansk Basin sediment contamination

by pentachlorophenol (PCP), considered as a precursor of dioxins (PCDD / Fs) in both processes,

technological and naturally occurring in the environment.

The development of a new methodology for the determination of PCP in solid samples (available

standard methodology comprises the determination of PCP in liquid samples) constituted the first

stage of study. The method allowed a determination of PCP at a relatively low limit of detection (LOD

<1 ng · g-1). PCP concentrations in sediments of the Polish zone of the Baltic Sea obtained using the

new analytical method ranged from about 96 - 17,000 ng · g-1 d.w. These results exceed the PNEC =

25 ng · g-1 (Predictable No Effect Concentration) adopted for the sediments of the Baltic Sea

according to Muir and Eduljee (1999). The pollution level of the surface layer of sediment (0-5 cm)

of PCP showed a significant relationship between lithological properties such as water content

and the percentage of organic matter as well as pH and Eh of bottom water interface. Analysis

of the distribution of concentrations of PCP in sediments cores revealed that most polluted

is the surface layer. Temporal decline of PCP concentrations in cores presented a similarity of variation

recorded for highly chlorinated dioxins.

Key words: pentachlorophenol, Gdańsk Basin, marine bottom sediments


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

38

The effect of hormones on sexual reproduction of Lecane inermis (Rotifera)

KOCERBA-SOROKA WIOLETA*, FIAŁKOWSKA EDYTA, PAJDAK-STÓS AGNIESZKA,

SOBCZYK MATEUSZ, FYDA JANUSZ

JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES,

INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, GRONOSTAJOWA 7, 30-387 KRAKÓW, POLAND


Rotifers (Monogononta) are known for sexual dimorphism, but the males appear sporadically,

in worsening environmental conditions such as lack of food, drying or temperature fluctuations.

The males of rotifers live shorter and are smaller than females. After hatching males neither eat nor

grow. The monogonont rotifers are periodically parthenogenetic and are able to reproduce without

males for many generations and then switch to sexual reproduction, which is called mixis, in response

to environmental factors.

Rotifers Lecane inermis, which occurr in activated sludge are a promising tool for controlling

the overproliferation of filamentous bacteria causing sludge bulking problems in wastewater treatment

plants. Lecane rotifers obtained from activated sludge and cultured in laboratory conditions were

parthenogens. Females hatch from the unfertilized eggs and are ‘clones’ of their own ‘mother’, which

means that are genetically identical. Parthenogenetic females deposit on average 21 eggs, during their

nine-day life, while mictic females, at the same time, lay only 14 eggs.

Among the numerous clones isolated from wastewater treatment plants, only one was found capable

of sexual reproduction. In our study rarity of sexual reproduction among the L. inermis in activated

sludge was investigated. One of the possible reasons may be the presence of sex hormones derivatives

in sewage. The aim of this study is to examine the sex hormones (estradiol and progenstin) influence

on the proportion of parthenogenetic and mictic females in L. inermis rotifer’s lineage (LkS).

The addition of hormones can either inhibit sexual reproduction of mictic females or provoke switch

to sexual reproduction in parthenogens.

Even though there are several publications about the effects of hormones on sex ratio in fish

and artificial induction of spawning, little is known about the effects of hormones on aquatic

microorganisms, especially those from activated sludge.

Key words: Lecane inermis rotifers, cyclical parthenogenesis, sex hormones


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

39

Factors affecting the concentration of alkylphenols

in surface sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk

KONIECKO IGA*, STANISZEWSKA MARTA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA,

BURSKA DOROTA, KIEŁCZEWSKA JOANNA, JASIŃSKA ANITA

UNIVERSITY OF GDANSK, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY,


AL. MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378 GDYNIA, POLAND


Endocrine disrupting compounds are a very dangerous group of contaminants. The group consists

of naturally occurring and artificial steroid sex hormones and the substances which can have an effect

similar to hormones in live organisms. Among these compounds are alkyl chain substituted derivatives

of phenol, the so-called alkylphenols, such as 4- nonylphenol (NP) and 4-tert-octylphenol (OP).

Alkylphenols have a predisposition to sorb onto the particles of sediments which can be evidence

by the high value of the coefficient Ko/c(18,20 tys. dm3·kg-1 for OP and 38,90 tys. dm3·kg-1for NP)

and Ko / w (4,12 for OP and 4,48 for NP). Alkylphenols due to its properties can be easily

and permanently adsorb on the particles of sediment. These research is one of the first attempts

to determine the concentration of alkylphenols in the Gulf of Gdansk. Samples of surface sediment

were collected in 2011-2012, in three periods: spring, summer, autumn from 13 measurement stations

located in the Gulf of Gdansk. In addition to the 4 - nonylphenol and 4 -tert- octylphenol also physico-

chemical parameters of sediments were measured. The concentrations of NP and OP in the Gulf

of Gdansk are low in comparison to those reported for Asian countries and the USA. Analysis

of results indicates that there are probably several factors that affect the concentration of OP and NP

in sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk. One of the factor is the overland runoff, both of river waters

and point sources located at wastewater treatment plants. Due to the fact that the alkylphenols present

in aerosols can be inferred that the atmosphere is the way the transport of alkylphenols to the bottom

sediments. The results showed that there are cases in which the concentration exceeds the limit

for which predicted no effects to the environment.

Keywords: endocrine disruptor compounds, alkylphenols, Gulf of Gdansk


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

40

Microbiological quality of bottom sediments

of lakes located in the National Park ‘Bory Tucholskie’

KUBERA ŁUKASZ*, GUMIŃSKA JOANNA, DONDERSKI WOJCIECH

KAZIMIERZ WIELKI UNIVERSITY IN BYDGOSZCZ, FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCE,

INSTITUTE OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY,

UL. CHODKIEWICZA 30, 85-064, BYDGOSZCZ, POLAND


Benthic bacteria are the very important link in the processes of decomposition auto- and allochtonous

organic matter in the water reservoirs. The organic remains cumulated on their bottoms make

sediments, thus contribute to their shallowing and aging. Metabolic activity of benthic bacteria

impacts on maintenance homeostasis in water reservoirs and slows the eutrophication processes.

The aim of this research project is a characteristic of benthic bacteria of different trophic status lakes

located in the National Park "Bory Tucholskie" and evaluation of their metabolic potential.

Quantitative analyses revealed, that number of bacteria depends on climatic and ecologic conditions.

The largest number of benthic bacteria was noted in summer. In this season they characterized

the highest rate of growth, which was inversely proportional for the winter season. The most abundant

in respect of bacteria occurrence was an eutrophic lake, the least in mesotrophic lake, not like

supposed – an oligotrophic lake. Evaluation of respiration activity revealed, that most intensively

processes of organic matter transformation bacteria carried out in the presence of casein, the weakest

in the presence of cellulose. Among analyzed bacterial strains degrading Particulate Organic Matters

the largest percentage was respectively: lipolytic, proteolytic and cellulolytic bacteria. Research

of the morphology of the bacterial cells showed, that dominant form in sediments of studies lakes were

Gram negative rods constituted almost 41% of all population. Spore-forming bacteria the most

numerous were in dystrophic lake in the autumn season. The same results noted among bacteria from

Clostridium genus.

Key words: bottom sediments, microbiological activity, national park

The project is funded by the National Science Centre granted on the basis of the decision number

DEC-2012/07/N/NZ9/02082.


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

41

Baltic diatoms as producers of EPS

KUJAWSKA NATALIA *, TALBIERZ SZYMON, LATAŁA ADAM

UNIVERSITY OF GDAŃSK,, FACULTY OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY,

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS FUNCTIONING, AL. MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378, GDYNIA, POLAND


Baltic diatoms such as Fistulifera saprophila, Bacillaria paxilifer and Navicula perminuta are able

to excrete copious amounts of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that are primarily composed

of carbohydrates. Research on the nature and significance of microbial EPS led to an increase in their

importance in various industries. For example, the addition of these compounds to food products

is involved in maintaining the proper consistency, increase of viscosity and reduction of loss of water

during processing. In contrast, bacterial carbohydrates have utility as anticancer agents and heparin

analogs.

In this study, a number of methods that are used for the isolation of EPS from cells in culture were

compared and evaluated. We also compared the growth curves of these diatoms and productivity EPS

in time. These studies led to the selection of the microorganism which is characterized by high

economic potential when it comes to the production of polysaccharides applicable in pharmaceutical

and food industry.

Key words: diatoms, extracellular polymeric substances, carbohydrates


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

42

Selected natural coagulants for water treatment

KWAŚNY JUSTYNA*, BALCERZAK WOJCIECH

POLITECHNIKA KRAKOWSKA IM. T. KOŚCIUSZKI, WYDZIAŁ INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA

INSTYTUT ZAOPATRZENIA W WODĘ I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA, UL. WARSZAWSKA 24, 31-155, KRAKÓW, POLAND


At the present time the considerable emphasis on protecting the environment and the development

of environmentally friendly technologies is placed. It is no wonder that this trend is also visible

in the issues of water and wastewater treatment, mainly in the context of improving individual unit

processes such as coagulation. The process of coagulation is considered as one of the most important

stages of the surface water treatment.

Contrary to chemical coagulants, natural coagulants are the domain of the less developed countries,

due to the simplicity of their preparation for utility purposes and their biodegradability. The use

of natural coagulants is consistent with the principles of sustainable development. Also researches

of many scientists militate in their favor. They proved that natural coagulants e.g. from Moringa

oleifera seeds obtain similar efficacy as aluminum salts. Among natural coagulants it can

be distinguished a coagulants of plant origin and coagulants that are obtained from other materials,

for example from the exoskeleton of crustaceans. Natural plant coagulants are usually obtained

by solvent extraction and their use appears to be more practical than the use of other kinds of natural

coagulants (not originating from plants), mainly due to the possibility of production on a larger scale.

In the case of natural coagulants, chemical compounds which are responsible for coagulation are

the proteins and polysaccharides. However, due to the presence of the solvent and other substances

in the extracts, coagulation mechanisms require examination. In this paper, natural coagulants obtained

from Moringa oleifera seeds, tannin coagulants and chitosan will be compared in terms of technology

and mechanisms of coagulation.

Key words: natural coagulants, water treatment, Moringa oleifera seeds


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

43

Dioxins in the bottom sediments of ports of the Gulf of Gdańsk

LEWANDOWSKI KRZYSZTOF*, NIEMIRYCZ ELŻBIETA

UNIWERSYTET GDAŃSKI, WYDZIAŁ OCEANOGRAFII I GEOGRAFII,

ZAKŁAD CHEMII MORZA I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA MORSKIEGO,



The research of the level of contamination of bottom sediments from the Port of Gdańsk, with

polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) was conducted during the period

of 2012-2013.

In the derived material all congeners of PCDD/Fs causing the strongest carcinogens, mutagenic

and teratogenic changes in organisms have been marked using gas chromatography coupled with mass

spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The value of the concentration of 17 congeners of dioxins

(7 dibenzo-p-dioxins and 10 dibenzofurans) converted to Tocixcity Equivalent (I-TEQ) did not exceed

probable effect level (PEL) of 21.5 pg TEQ/g d.w.

Putting together the values of concentrations (pg/g) of analized dioxins congeners, “profile

of congeners” was received. Therefore, is clear that the content of PCDDs prevails over PCDFs.

The highest concentration was obtained for the OCDD and HpCDD. This means probably that,

the greatest impact on the concentration of dioxins in the port sediments have anthropogenic pollution

from the land-based thermal sources.

There also the analysis of lithological characteristics (moisture content, organic matter

and granulometric characterization) and the level of toxicity (Microtox® test) of collected sediments

were made. The relationship was confirmed between toxicity and lithological parameters and grain

size distribution. The bottom sediments are more toxic when the content of organic matter and the fine

fraction (< 0.063 mm) is high. The bottom sediments of such features may contain significant amounts

of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Microtox® test is the method that may preliminary

and quickly assess places accumulating a significant amounts of persistent organic pollutants (POPs).

Key words: PCDD/F, bottom sediments, Gulf of Gdansk


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

44

Microtox ® as a tool to evaluate sediments toxicity

MACIAK JOANNA*, NIEMIRYCZ ELŻBIETA



AL. PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46 81-378 GDYNIA, POLAND

*corresponding author:[email protected]

Sediments have an essential role in the aquatic ecosystems. It is a zone, where many chemical

substances (mainly lipophilic) are being deposited due to the processes of sedimentation

and precipitation.

The accumulated compounds may return to the circulation due to the resuspention of the sediment

(natural or anthropogenic). Since the majority of anthropogenic pollution (eg. pesticides, polycyclic

aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.) tends to adsorb on particulates, it results in their accumulation in bottom

sediments. Thus, the analysis of sediment toxicity may constitute the level of contamination

of the investigated region and indicate future directions of research.

This study has been attempted to assess the toxicity of marine sediment, interstitial waters and benthic

waters of Gdansk Basin.

The toxicity has been determined by using toxicity test Microtox®. This test uses the luminescent

marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri as a bioindicators. The content of toxicity substances in the sample

cause suppression of the natural life processes of these organisms, resulting in a decrease

of the luminescence. The results allowed to predict sites with high, medium and low toxicity,

and to present them as a map of toxicity of Gdansk Basin region. A significant influence of such

parameters as the particle size of sediments and organic matter content (mainly fraction of black

carbon) to changes in the overall (general) toxicity has been acknowledged.

Key words: test Microtox®, Vibrio fischeri, toxicity


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

45

Resistance integrons and antibiotic resistance genes

in bacteria of water environments

MAKOWSKA NICOLETTA*, KOCZURA RYSZARD, MOKRACKA JOANNA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Extensive and uncontrolled use of antibiotics in medication, veterinary, agriculture, aquaculture

and farming have resulted in appearance of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment. Antibiotic

resistant bacteria are regarded biotic pollution and ecological problem, which influences also public

health. It is believed that most water environments act as channels for resistance gene flow.

Understanding sources and mechanisms of dissemination of antibiotic resistance bacteria in the water

environment is critical for developing effective strategies for containing antibiotic resistance. It has

been proposed that antibiotic resistant gene profiles be used for source tracking in environmental

systems.

The aim of the research was to determine the presence and distribution of major antibiotic resistance

genes and resistance integrons in bacteria isolated from the samples of wastewater (‘Łącza’

Wastewater Treatment Plant in Łężyca and Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Koziegłowy),

surface waters (Warta River and Poznań lakes) and Baltic Sea water. Bacterial isolates were identified

with the API system. Integron and resistance genes presence was determined by conventional and real-

time PCR.

Integrase genes were found in 1-20% of the cultured isolates depending on location: the most

in sewage, the least in lake waters. Resistance to β-lactam antibiotics was conferred by blaCMY, blaCTX-

M1, blaTEM, blaOXA and blaSHV genes. Plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes were

identified as qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS and aacA4cr. Moreover, we isolated strains with genes

conferring resistance to carbapenems.

Multiresistant bacteria present in the final effluent of wastewater treatment plants, Warta River,

Kierskie, Malta, Rusałka and Strzeszyńskie lakes and Baltic Sea are biotic contamination and should

be considered a potential threat for human and animals.

Key words: antibiotic resistance genes, resistance integrons, wastewater

The study was partially funded by Marshal’s Office of the Lubuskie Region project no.

DFS.VI.052.4.62.18.2013 and National Science Centre grant no. DEC-2011/03/B/NZ9/00070.


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

46

Degradation of ibuprofen as water pollutant by bacterial strains

MARCHLEWICZ ARIEL*, GUZIK URSZULA, WOJCIESZYŃSKA DANUTA

UNIVERSITY OF SILESIA IN KATOWICE, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,

DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY, JAGIELLOŃSKA 28, 40-032, KATOWICE, POLAND


The most commonly used drugs are currently non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),

particularly those available without a prescription. One of the most popular are ibuprofen,

paracetamol, diclofenac and naproxen. High intake of drugs led to entering them into the environment.

It is important because they have been detected in wastewater and also in the effluent from the sewage

treatment plant (STP). It could be a reason of their further release into waters of rivers, lakes and even

in drinking water. The risk of long-term exposition to NSAIDs may create the danger to the aquatic

ecosystems. It may cause negative effects on the survival and development of aquatic organisms.

There are no effective enzyme systems allowing to decomposition of NSAIDs. It leads

to accumulation in the environment of NSAID at concentration of nano- and micrograms per liter.

Drugs can accumulate in the tissues of aquatic animals and affect on many generations of animals.

They are the source of dangerous pollutions to aquatic environments, however, in the recent years they

have become an object of studies for many researchers. In the project: "Bacterial degradation of non-

steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs" we have tried to isolate microorganisms capable to biodegradation

and/or biotransformation of NSAIDs. We also want to use microorganism from strains collection from

Department of Biochemistry at Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection in University

of Silesia in Katowice such as Pseudomonas stutzeri, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KB2

and Planococcus sp. S5. At the present stage of the studies several bacterial strains capable

to biotransformation/biodegradation of ibuprofen were isolated. Knowledge about degradation

of drugs may be used to improve processes in STP, which are currently not properly adapted

to removal NSAIDs from wastewater. The obtained organisms will be identified by biochemical tests

(API), genetic identification (16S rDNA) and an analysis of bacterial fatty acid profiles. Gained

knowledge may impact on improvement of water quality by improving the methods of removing

NSAIDs from the environment.

Key words: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, bacterial metabolism

Acknowledgments: This work was financed by the National Science Centre (Poland) granted

on the basis of decision DEC-2013/09/B/NZ9/00244.


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

47

The sampling method influences estimation

of the rotifer community structure in a mid-field pond

MAŚLAK PAULINA *, KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN NATALIA , ŚWIDNICKI KASPER

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF WATER PROTECTION,

UL. UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Sampling methods for zooplankton collection within the pelagic zone of the large and deep freshwater

ecosystem, such as lakes and seas, are well described. However , an accurate sampling procedures

within small and shallow water bodies have not been standardized yet, especially in the case

of the representative study side and number of subsamples.

Therefore, the aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of three most common sampling

methods (the random – sampling from randomly chosen places within the whole pond's surface;

purposive sampling – sampling from one station located near the pond's shore; transect – sampling

along circle line round the pond) in estimation the community structure of rotifers. Sampling

concerned the central part of pelagic area and the stands located near the shore of the mid-field pond.

Each time ten subsamples were taken in order to estimate the optimal number of sample replication.

Simultaneously, physical factors were measured in situ and samples for chemical analysis were taken.

The total rotifer densities differed depending on the sampling method. Densities from random samples

were considerably higher in contrast to purposive ones, which was connected with changes

in the abundance of four species (Brachionus angularis, Anuraeopsis fissa, Keratella cochlearis

and Polyarthra vulgaris). The Rotifera species number was highest along with the lowest values

of species diversity index in the case of purposive sampling.

The results of our study showed, that the most appropriate method for rotifer collection from

the pelagic zone in the case of ponds in a random sampling in contrast to sampling near the ponds

shore. The prefatory analysis of a different subsample numbers (one, three, five and ten) suggests, that

one sample is sufficient to estimate Rotifera community structure in the pelagic zone of a small water

body.

Key words: sampling methods, Rotifera, mid-field pond

This work was supported by the Polish Committee for Scientific Research (KBN)under grant

no. N N305 042739.


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

48

Macrobenthic communities in the region of Vistula River mouth

(Gulf of Gdańsk)

MAZURKIEWICZ MIKOŁAJ* 1, WŁODARSKA-KOWALCZUK MARIA2,

KOTWICKI LECH2, ZAJĄCZKOWSKI MAREK

2

1UNIVERSITY OF GDAŃSK, DEPARTMENT OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY,

AL. MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378 GDYNIA, POLAND 2INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ECOLOGY,

UL. POWSTAŃCÓW WARSZAWY 55, 81-712 SOPOT, POLAND


Vistula River is the biggest river in Poland with a drainage basin representing about 56%

of the country area. It flows through regions that are intensely used by industry and agriculture,

and passes large cities like Cracow and Warsaw. The river is heavily loaded with various kinds

of pollutions, nutrients, organic and mineral matter. Vistula ends in the Gulf of Gdańsk (the Baltic

Sea), delivering large amounts of terrigenous material to the sea. The aim of this work is to define

the seasonal and spatial patterns of composition and standing stocks of benthic communities

in the Vistula prodelta and to assess the impact of the river discharge on the bottom organisms.

Macrozoobenthic fauna and environmental settings were examined in the Gulf of Gdańsk at seven

stations and four seasons in 2012. Stations where located in two transects, going - north and north-

east, with one common station, located very close to the river mouth. Water salinity, temperature

and turbidity were measured. Surface sediments were collected for analyses of grain size, organic

carbon and photosynthetic pigments concentration. Benthic organisms were collected with use

of van Veen grab, sieved through 0,5mm sieve and preserved in 10% formaldehyde, than identified

to species level in the laboratory. First results show significant differences in specie composition,

abundance, biomass and diversity indices among stations (PERMANOVA tests). Three groups

of stations could be defined based on the nMDS plots of Bray-Curtis similarities between samples:

1) close to the river mouth, 2) in the middle of transects and 3) at the outermost stations.

The differences between these groups of stations were stronger than seasonal variability at stations.

The results indicate that the input of terrigenous materials transported by Vistula River affects

the bottom fauna, however these effects are limited to the close proximity of the river mouth.

Key words: zoobenthos, communities, Vistula River


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

49

Effect of soil use in the catchment area for surface water quality

PAJĄCZEK ANITA*, PESZEK ŁUKASZ, KOCHMAN NATALIA

UNIVERSITY OF RZESZÓW, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF SOIL STUDIES,

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY AND HYDROLOGY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE,

UL. ĆWIKLIŃSKIEJ 2, 35–601 RZESZÓW, POLAND


The study was conducted in 2013, from April to October in four study seasons in the area of Magura

National Park and its buffer zone.

Nine study sites were designated on streams, which are tributaries of the Wisłoka River, and on soils

located in the catchment area of these rivers. This area was intensively exploited for agriculture until

the mass deportations, which were part of Operation Vistula in 1947. Nowadays it is one of the least

populated and the most natural and "wild" areas of Poland. At the same time, these valuable natural

areas are under intensifying pressure from human activities.

The aim of the study was to investigate the species diversity of diatom flora, both aquatic and soil

ecosystems and attempt to assess the stability of the soil using edaphic diatoms.

Studied streams were characterized by high species richness of diatoms. Achnanthidium pyrenaicum

was the most frequent in water, while Hantzschia amphioxys was the most frequent taxa in soil.

Selected soils were mostly loamy sands and sandy clay, with 1 to 8.7% of humus content.

Key words: diatoms, water quality, soil


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

50

Chemical changes and nutrient release

during decomposition processes of European frog-bit

(Hydrocharis morsus-ranae) under different water characteristics

POLECHOŃSKA LUDMIŁA *

UNIWERSYTET WROCŁAWSKI, WYDZIAŁ NAUK BIOLOGICZNYCH,

KATEDRA EKOLOGII, BIOGEOCHEMII I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA, UL. KANONIA 6/8, 50-328, WROCŁAW, POLAND


The seasonal pattern of plant growth and decomposition play an important role in the biogeochemical

cycling of elements within water bodies. Decomposition of aquatic plants may be an inportant source

of carbon, nitorgen and phosphorous, particularly in small lakes. The breakdown process is controlled

by the quality of the decomposer community, the nature of organic matter and the physico-chemical

characteristic of environment. Decomposition of the European frog-bit (Hydrocharis morsus –

ranae L.) was studied in situ with the litterbag method during autumn of 2013. Plant material was

placed at eight oxbow lakes of Odra River with differrent pollution intensities to investigate

the contribution of site nutrient condition on detritus decomposition. The dry matter content

and the concentration of nutrients was studied in decaying plant samples collected at regular time

intervals. The initial concentrations of macroelements in plants and the decomposition scheme varied

between study sites with different trophic status. Both the mass loss and the rate at which particular

elements were released from decomposing plants varied. Hydrocharis morsus-ranae can be considered

fast decomposing species. At the initial period, the loss of the weight was high and got lower with

time. The concentrations of alkali metals fluctuated during decomposition of plant material.

The nitrogen concentrations increased for the most of the experiment and declined in the last phase.

Phosphorus was released faster than nitrogen which might affect nutrient cycling in water bodies.

Key words: macrophyte decomposition, macroelements, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

51

Relationships between δ13C and δ18O values in organic matter, carbonate

encrustations and ambient waters: a comparative study of two

morphologically different charophytes

PRONIN EUGENIUSZ * 1, PEŁECHATY MARIUSZ1, PUKACZ ANDRZEJ

2,

APOLINARSKA KARINA3

1ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY,

UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND 2ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, COLLEGIUM POLONICUM- EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY VIADRINA IN FRANKFURT, ODER,

KOŚCIUSZKI 1, 69-100 SŁUBICE, POLAND 3ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY, FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES, MAKÓW POLNYCH 16, 61-606, POZNAŃ, POLAND

*corresponding author:[email protected]

Stable isotope composition of carbonate encrustations (δ13C and δ18O) and of organic matter (δ13C)

was analysed in two charophyte species: Chara tomentosa and Chara globularis and ambient waters.

These submerged macroalgae can form dense and extensive charophyte meadows in lakes and may

significantly contribute to the calcium carbonate precipitation and deposition of marl lake sediments.

Stable oxygen and carbon isotope composition of carbonate encrustations deposited on the charophyte

thalli can record environmental conditions, under which these carbonates are precipitated. The studies

aimed at verification whether there are differences between the composition of δ13C and δ18O

in charophyte carbonates and ambient water as well as of the δ13C of carbonates, δ13C of organic

matter and δ13C DIC (Dissolved Inorganic Carbon). For this reason, during the vegetation season 2012

in 5 lakes for each species, at three sites for each lake charophyte and water samples from

the immediate environment of charophytes were collected for isotopic analysis. Moreover, water

samples from the open water areas free of vegetation were also collected. It was found that water in all

the samples was enriched in 18O relative to the carbonates of both charophyte species. In the case

of Chara tomentosa carbonate encrustation was enriched in 13C in relation to DIC of water.

By contrast, encrustation of Chara globularis was depleted in 13C as compared to water at each studied

site. Higher values of δ13C in organic matter were recorded in all the samples of Chara tomentosa.

The values in all Chara globularis samples were more negative relative to values of Chara tomentos.

The differences noted between the stable isotope values in charophyte carbonates, water and organic

matter in the case of Chara tomentosa were much smaller than those observed in Chara globularis.

The differences in morphology and biology of this two investigated species may be of importance

in the case studied. The outcome of the study can be potentially useful in paleolimnological studies.

Key words: Stable isotopes, Characeae, carbonate incrustations


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

52

The influence of the parameters of SBR cycles on the efficiency of ammonia

removal and protozoan community composition

SOBCZYK MATEUSZ*, FIAŁKOWSKA EDYTA, KOCERBA-SOROKA WIOLETA,

PAJDAK-STÓS AGNIESZKA, FYDA JANUSZ

JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES,

INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, GRONOSTAJOWA 7, 30-387 KRAKÓW


Landfill leachates and piggery wastewaters are the main cause of high ammonia concentration

in sewage which flows into wastewater treatment plants. As ammonia is very toxic to aquatic

ecosystems, high efficiency of ammonia nitrogen removal in treatment plants is a very important issue.

The parameters of SBR cycles are crucial for ammonia removal effectiveness. In our study

the ammonia removal effectiveness of two different SBR cycles was examined in four laboratory

bioreactors. Additionally, the changes in protozoan community were monitored and Sludge Biotic

Index (SBI) was determined. No significant differences between the two implemented experimental

cycles were observed. The COD, NH4+-N and PO4

3--P removal reached high level of 98%-99% in both

cycles variants during the whole experiment set. Activated sludge biocenosis consisted of flagellates,

ciliates, amoebae, rotifers and nematodes but in both treatments the crawling ciliates dominated.

The SBI values counted on the basis of activated sludge biocenosis decreased throughout

the experiment. However, at the end of experiment it still indicated well-colonized and stable sludge

with good performance but decreased biological activity.

Key words: activated sludge, Protozoa, Sludge Biotic Index


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

53

Growth of microbial biomass and the effectiveness of removing

contaminants from wastewater in individual wastewater treatment system

SOWINSKA ALEKSANDRA*, MAKOWSKA MAŁGORZATA

POZNAŃ UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES, FACULTY OF LAND RECLAMATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,

DEPARTMENT OF HYDRAULIC AND SANITARY ENGINEERING, UL. WOJSKA POLSKIEGO 28, 60-637 POZNAŃ, POLAND


The quality of treated sewage in small wastewater treatment plants have a significant effect

on the environment. The aim of the thesis is to show the relationship between the growth of biomass

and the effectiveness of removing contaminants from wastewater in individual wastewater treatment

system.

The following indicators of contamination were analysed: Biochemical Oxygen Demand for 5 days

(BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and suspended

solids. The research was conducted in the SBR reactor and the hybrid reactor (SBR reactor filled

plastic trickling, which support the process of nitrification). Operation of the hybrid reactor,

as opposed to classical SBR, was unstable - it was related to the use of biopreparations.

Treated wastewater met the requirements of the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment (2006)

when it lead to soil or water facilities (with the exception of total suspended solids). Microscopic

analysis of biomass suspended was also conducted to evaluation of the activated sludge. It showed

an irregular shape of sludge floc originating from the classical SBR reactor. Biodiversity of activated

sludge confirmed a good condition of sludge. Biofilm formed on the media (hybrid reactor) didn't

grow enough due to the long period of winter, low temperatures and the effect of biopreparations -

dominant organisms were bacteria. It was found that users should not unduly interfere

with the operation of wastewater treatment plant. However, they should regularly monitor work

of units.

Key words: Sequencing biological reactor, activated sludge, microscopic analysis


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

54

Paleoecological changes in lake Łebsko in the light of diatom analysis

STASZAK AGATA*

UNIWERSYTET IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA W POZNANIU, WYDZIAŁ NAUK GEOGRAFICZNYCH I GEOLOGICZNYCH,

INSTYTUT GEOEKOLOGII I GEOINFORMACJI, ZAKŁAD GEOEKOLOGII, UL. DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 61-680, POZNAŃ, POLAND


Lake Łebsko lies in the middle part of the Polish coast on the Gardno-Łeba Coastal Plain.

It is the biggest (71,4 km2) and deepest (6,3 m) lake of the region. Lake Łebsko has for years been

an object of intensive studies.

One of the most sensitive tools in the reconstruction of environmental changes is application

of the diatom analysis. Diatoms are a major group of algae and the most common type

of phytoplankton. A unique feature of diatom cells is that they are enclosed within a cell wall made

of silica. Main indicator value of this group of algae lies in their ecological sensitivity to different

environmental factors and for that reason they have a great potential value for studies

of paleogeography and paleoecology.

Generally, diatom assemblages identified in the sediment core studied enabled a reconstruction

of the environmental and ecological conditions during Holocene in lake Łebsko. The paleoecological

interpretation was based on the bioindicative potential of the diatom taxa identified in the Leb1 core.

These involved lifeform, pH, trophic status and salinity. Moreover, the diatom valve concentration

was estimated with using microspheres as a microscopic marker. Species composition and sediments

characteristic made possible to distinguish VII phases of lake development. It was found that

the ecological changes of lake Lebsko was determined mainly by climatic changes and influence

of Baltic Sea level.

Key words: diatoms, coastal lakes, sediments


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

55

Biodegradation of 17α-ethinyl estradiol in natural waters

SZYDŁOWSKI JERZY*, GRZYBOWSKI WALDEMAR


ZAKŁAD CHEMII MORZA I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA MORSKIEGO, AL. PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378, GDYNIA, POLAND

*[email protected]

17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) is used mainly in contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. EE2

enters the environment primarily via wastes from the municipal sewage treatment plants outputs.

Synthetic steroid belongs to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). EE2 causes phenotypic

and ethologic changes in aquatic organisms even at the part-per-trillion (ng·dm-3) concentration levels.

The purpose of this work is to estimate the rate of biodegradation process of the synthetic steroid

in water samples collected from the Vistula River and Gulf of Gdańsk. The experiment was carried out

using natural water matrices enriched in EE2 to the concentration of 300 ng·dm-3. Incubation period

does not exceed one month, subsamples were taken at specified six time points. The experiment was

conducted at two different temperatures 4°C and 20°C. EE2 concentration analysis was performed

using an immunoassay ELISA test method. No significant change was observed in samples incubated

at 4°C. In the samples incubated at room temperature faster degradation occurred in the river matrices,

which was characterized by higher concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). The results

of ELISA immunoassay test method had satisfactory repeatability and accuracy. The ELISA method

could be therefore a good alternative to inter alia chromatographic/mass spectrometry techniques

of EE2 analysis in water samples.

Key words: synthetic estrogens, biodegradation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

56

Distillery wastewater as a good source for the cultivation of microalgae

TALBIERZ SZYMON*, KUJAWSKA NATALIA , LATAŁA ADAM

UNIVERSITY OF GDAŃSK,, FACULTY OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY,

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS FUNCTIONING, AL. MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378 , GDYNIA, POLAND


Biofuel production in particular production of bioethanol in relation to the increasing number

of regulations is gaining more and more importance. For example in 2012 in Brazil (the largest

producer of Bioethanol on the world) 23.2 billion liters of bioetanol were produced. It is worth noting

that production of one liter of ethanol is associated with the production of 10-15 liters of spentwash

generated from distillation proces which has very high pollution potential (52,000–58,000 mg/L

BOD; 92,600-1,00,000 mg/L COD) inorganic matter (1,660–4,200 mg/L form of nitrogen, 225–3,038

mg/L phosphorus, and 9,600–17,475 mg/L potassium etc.), high temperature (70-100°C) and low pH

(4-4.5). Distillery spentwash is not only high on organic and inorganic loading, but also having dark

brown colour even after bio-methanation. It all makes the distillery waste water as one of the most

challenging waste to be treated.

So far, several distillery wastewater treatment technology ware elaborated for example, biogas

production or anaerobic purification. However, none of the developed methods isn’t perfect and has

many flaws, so it's important to take care of this urgent problem. Microalgae in particular those

growing mixotrophic mode seems to be a promising source of organisms that are not only able

to clean the effluent but also produce biomass that can be later used as an for example fertilizer.

We selected several strains that potentially are best suited for this purpose and conducted research

aimed at developing the best possible physical and chemical conditions for both waste water treatment

and biomass production. Was fund that the best strain for this purpose is Chlorella vulgaris, which

reduced the COD after 5 days of incubation to 61%, what makes this strain one of the most promising

organisms which can be used for this purpose.

Key words: Microalgae, Distillery wastewater


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

57

The comparison of calculating methods of peak discharges with exceedance

probability in small uncontrolled basins

WACHULEC KATARZYNA *, WAŁĘGA ANDRZEJ

UNIWERSYTET ROLNICZY W KRAKOWIE, WYDZIAŁ INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA I GEODEZJI, KATEDRA INŻYNIERII

SANITARNEJ I GOSPODARKI WODNEJ, AL. MICKIEWICZA 24/28, 30-059 KRAKÓW, POLAND


In this article three methods of calculating the peak discharges with exceedance probability

in uncontrolled basins were compared. These were: “rainfall formula”, Walkowicz method and TR-55

procedure. Calculations were conducted for Sidzinka river basin, located in south-west Cracow.

Obtained results showed the biggest difference between values of peak discharges computed

by the mentioned methods for small probabilities. Differences in results vary between 17 and 54

percent. For great probabilities (50 and 20 percent) the values were comparable. Received values

suggest that ‘rainfall formula’ is the most appropriate method for calculating the probable peak

discharges in uncontrolled basins similar to the studied one.

Key words: peak discharge, the Walkowicz method, TR-55, ‘rainfall formula’


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

58

Comparison of culture techniques used in laboratory studies

on cyanobacteria – the advantages and disadvantages

WEJNEROWSKI ŁUKASZ*, CERBIN SŁAWOMIR

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY



Several basic cultivation techniques are applicable to laboratory studies on ecology, toxicology

or evolution of cyanobacteria. Moreover, diverse culturing techniques are widely used for maintaining

pure cyanobacterial strains in collections worldwide, for example batch and continuous cultures,

cultures on solid media. However, species of cyanobacteria may differ in their sensitivity

to the cultivation method. Therefore, in this study, we decided to overview the effectiveness of three

culturing techniques that can be used for filamentous cyanobacteria As an example we used three

species of cyanobacteria commonly occurring in hypertrophic lakes: Aphanizomenon gracile,

Cylindrospermopsis raciborski and Planktothrix agardhii. These strains were cultured in controlled

laboratory conditions that promote the growth of cyanobacteria.

Our results showed differences in sensitivity of cyanobacteria to the cultivation method. Planktothrix

agardhii has grown positively in all types of cultivation while the other two species were able to grow

in batch and continous cultures only. Our experiences with cultivations of cyanobacteria also showed

that the batch culture is safe and has little risk of infection but it generates high labor cost.

The continous culture can work all the time and allowes high biomass production but this method

is more susceptible to infections. Nevertheless, continuous culture is irreplaceable when we need high

biomass of cyanobacterial filaments or stable conditions during experiments. Finally, cultures on solid

media can be ineffective for some species but they can be used in the isolation of cyanobacteria from

nature or in maintaining a large number of pure strains. In the perspective of conducting research,

continuous culture is superior to other cultivation methods where the concentration of nutrients

and physico-chemical parameters of medium are constantly changing.

The financial support was provided by the National Science Centre through research grant

No. UMO-2012/07/N/NZ8/00166.


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

59

Wet deposition of elemental and organic carbon

to the gulf of Gdansk

WITKOWSKA AGNIESZKA*, LEWANDOWSKA ANITA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA

UNIWERSYTET GDAŃSKI, INSTYTUT OCEANOGRAFII, WYDZIAŁ GEOGRAFII I OCEANOGRAFII


*[email protected]

Elemental carbon (EC) in aerosols originates from emission sources as fossil fuel and biomass

burning. Organic carbon (OC) can be both: primary and secondary origin. Primary OC is formed

during combustion processes, including unleaded gasoline combustion, biomass burning

and agricultural activity. In addition, it can be emitted into the atmosphere as spores, pollens or soil

particles. Secondary OC originates from oxidation and gas-to-particle conversion of volatile organic

compounds (VOC). Both fractions can be removed from the air to the sea via wet or dry deposition.

The main objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive estimation of the deposition of organic

and elemental carbon to the coastal water of Gulf of Gdansk. Sampling of wet atmospheric deposition

using the battle collectors was performed in Gdynia between April to December 2012. The period

of collector exposure depended on precipitation time and minimum volume of precipitation sufficient

for chemical analyses. Besides pH and conductivity measurements samples were analyzed for organic

and elemental carbon.

Over the period of 9 months 85 samples of rain, snow and mixed precipitation have been collected.

Precipitation volume ranged between 54 and 2076 ml. The pH ranged between 3.68 and 8.68

and the conductivity of the sample between 14.70 and 170 µS.cm-1.

Key words: elemental and organic carbon, deposition, precipitation


ORAL PRESENTATIONS

60

Appreciation of landscape elements affecting water resources -

- social perspective

WŁODARCZYK RENATA1*, KRAUZE KINGA

2

1UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, 12/16 BANACHA STR., 90-237 LODZ, POLAND 2EUROPEAN REGIONAL CENTRE FOR ECOHYDROLOGY POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES,

3 TYLNA STR., 90-364 LODZ, POLAND


Increasing human pressures on the landscape cause changes in its spatial structure modifying the flow

of energy, matter and information. Spatial and ecological structure of the agricultural landscapes

in the temperate zone is being, in most cases, systematically simplified. It leads to the deterioration

of water balance in the catchment. Diversification in landscape, especially in rural areas, makes its

functions more stable and resistant to the anthropogenic drivers and pressures. Therefore,

it is important to understand the process of simplification of landscape elements and the tendency

in deterioration of its functions.

It is important to engage people in collecting data and sharing their knowledge for two reasons. Firstly,

a local community has the awareness of the landscape and its changes which other forms

of monitoring and research are not able to provide. Secondly, their priority appreciation generates risks

and opportunities for land management.

Considering the above, the main purpose of the research was to gain knowledge about the appreciation

of selected agricultural landscape elements by local communities. The study was conducted in Brójce,

Wolbórz and Sulejów - three rural communes in the Pilica River catchment located in Central Poland.

The major method of obtaining the information was a questionnaire interview. Fifty inhabitants from

each commune were selected to take part in the study. The answers were analyzed with a reference

to the respondent profile, such as gender, and the main land use type in the commune. The additional

information received during the study were major drivers that decide about the appreciation

of landscape elements.

The study could help identify the existing and potential threats to the landscape structure

of the investigated areas, and in consequences to the water resources.

Key words: agricultural landscape, water resources, management


61

ABSTRACTS




62

Terms of runoff in the catchment area of Różany Potok Stream

ANDRZEJAK ANNA*, DOBROŚ EMILIA , KABACIŃSKA MONIKA,

MARCHWIŃSKA AGNIESZKA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAN, FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL STUDIES,

INSTITUTE OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENT,

DEPARTMENT OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER MANAGEMENT,

STUDENT SCIENTIFIC GEOGRAPHERS OF STANISŁAW PAWŁOWSKI, SECTION HYDROLOGY,

DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 60-618 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Aim of this study is to characterize the runoff from the catchment of the Różany Potok Stream during

the observation of the 2012/2013 hydrological year. Research were carried out in the framework

of the Hydrology Section of the Student Scientific Geographers of Stanislaw Pawlowski on Adam

Mickiewicz University in Poznań. The Różany Potok Stream catchment is located in the north part

of Poznań. Watercourse flows out of the Zimna Woda lake, near Morasko Mountain, it is also

the north western part of the catchment. The Różany Potok Stream is a left tributary of the Warta

River, its total length is 6.6 km, while the entire catchment area is 7.51 km2. Hydrometric

measurements were made once a month in 13 measuring points. Flow rate was measured on the main

stream and its tributaries. This allowed to determined the conditions of the runoff physiographically

diverse of sub-catchments. Each of the measurement points has a different profile

and the environment, which significantly affects on the diversity of flows. During the research two

methods of direct measurements were applied, first of sections by float and second – of point –

by Water Velocity Meter. For the measurement of flow rates of water Water Velocity Meter He-Ga

1 φ 50 oli type were used, while the float method were used in places with small width and depth

of the riverbed. Spatial differentiation of the runoff observed in different hydrometeorological

conditions of winter period indicate on relatively high diversity of abundance of water

and hydrological activity of sub-catchment of The Różany Potok Stream.

Key words: the catchment, Różany Potok Stream, runoff



63

Facts and myths about tap water

BARAN MARIUSZ*, BUKOWIEC PIOTR

PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF CRACOW, FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHY AND BIOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT,

UL. PODCHORĄŻYCH 2, 30-084 KRAKÓW, POLAND


There are very firmly entrenched stereotypes and myths about the negative traits of ‘tap water’.

Perhaps this situation would change if we more often have the opportunity to familiarize themselves

with the activities that contribute to improving the quality of water drawn from the tap.

Still a significant number of people believe that this kind of water is not suitable for direct

consumption. Still quite common is the belief that even after boiling the water can be harmful

to health.

Parameters water from the tap for direct consumption are regularly controlled.

What is the actual quality of that kind of water?

Tap water is characterized of quality comparable to that sold in the store.

In the tap water we can detect elements such as calcium, magnesium and potassium.

Any trace amounts of chlorine, commonly viewed as a negative attribute of this water, can prevent

the development of certain strains of bacteria.

Bottled water generally should be consumed within 12 hours from the moment of opening. Tap water

has no such restrictions…

If we add to these considerations, the economic aspect, which clearly shows the enormous savings

when drinking tap water instead of buying water at the store…

Without a doubt it is worth looking at this issue much closer...

Key words: tap water, mineral water, water quality



64

The implications of conflicts over water in the Middle East

BELICA BEATA*

UNIWERSYTET GDAŃSKI, WYDZIAŁ NAUK SPOŁECZNYCH, INSTYTUT POLITOLOGII,

UL. BAŻYŃSKIEGO 4, 80-952 GDAŃSK, POLSKA

* [email protected]

The Middle East is one of the most sensitive areas in the contemporary world. This region

is experiencing a scarcity of drinking water. Also in this background burst forth the conflicts.

The biggest disputes occur in the basin of the Nile, in the Jordan River basin and in the basin

of the Tigris and Euphrates.

The Nile basin is controlled under the agreement of 1929 by Egypt. Egypt can thus build the dams

according to their own interests, without respect to the security of states bordering on the Nile.

This causes droughts and famine in Tanzania, Ethiopia and Kenya.

Jordan River basin is one of the areas with the lowest in the world rate access to drinking water.

The population of Jordan River basin has increased sixfold over the past 50 years. Israel treats access

to the sources of the Jordan River as a means of constraint on inimical Arab states.

The basin of the Euphrates and the Tigris Rivers in 1975 was a source of dispute between Syria

and Iraq too.

In summary, access to water is one of the cornerstones of stability in the region. Is not conducive

to this growing population, climate and structural problems those countries’ economies. Water is thus

one of the reasons geopolitical conflicts in the Middle East.

The author will answers to the questions of what determines the duration of the conflict and whether

the appropriate management of water resources in the Middle East will solve the situation of conflict

in the region. The author will answers the question too, what are the consequences reckless

management of water resources.

Key words: Middle East, conflicts, Israel



65

New locality of Trapa natans L.

and Salvinia natans (L.) All. as a result the natural inventory

of aquatic habitats in the area of the district of Pszczyna

(the northern part of the Oświęcim Basin)

BESZCZYŃSKA MONIKA*

JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND EARTH SCIENCES, INSTITUTE OF BOTANY,

DEPARTMENT OF PLANT TAXONOMY, PHYTOGEOGRAPHY AND HERBARIUM,

UL. KOPERNIKA 27, 31-501 KRAKÓW, POLAND


In summer 2013, were conducted botanical fieldworks in the area of the district of Pszczyna (the

northern part of the Oświęcim Basin). The natural inventory of vulnerable to extinction Salvinia

natans (L.) All. and Trapa natans L. listed in the Red Book of Plants as critically endangered, was

made in known positions of the specified area. As a result, the study has found three new positions

of both species in the ponds of anthropogenic origin in the area of Pszczyna and Góra. There were 37

of specimens of Trapa natans L., while specimens of Salvinia natans covered almost the entire surface

of the coastal water areas. One position of Trapa natans L. was also found in the reservoir Łąka

in the municipality of Pszczyna: there were also a few dozens specimens. The presence of these

species in the known locality has also been confirmed. The new positions of aquatic plants appeared

due to the presence of numerous fish ponds and livestock farming conducted there, during which

the deepening of ponds, preventing from their shallowing and overgrowing by the vegetation rush,

were done. Another possible cause of the abundant presence of both species may be spreading seeds

and spores by water birds inhabiting the area and the periphery of such water reservoirs. Widely

understood rational anglers and fishing economy, and creating refuges for waterfowl seems to be

the most effective form of the ex situ conservation of the described species.

Key words: Trapa natans L., Salvinia natans (L.) All., pond, aquatic plant species



66

Can glacial relict Saduria entomon (Isopoda, Crustacea) survive

in warmer water?

BORECKA ANNA*, JANAS URSZULA

UNIVERSITY OF GDAŃSK, FACULTY OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY,

DEPARTMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ECOLOGY OF MARINE ORGANISMS, UL. BAŻYŃSKIEGO 1A, 80-952 GDAŃSK, POLAND


In Baltic Sea Saduria entomon is an important species in food webs as an opportunistic predator

as well as omnivorous scavenger. Also many species of fish are known to feed on S.entomon (eg. cod).

S.entomon is cold water animal, in Baltic it is considered as glacial relict. In southern Baltic Sea,

the temperature in the main area of occurrence is about 2°C. This suggests that small scale changes

to water temperature may have large influences on species density. In southern Baltic the main depth

of occurrence is 50-85m. However, populations of S. entomon have also been found in shallow coastal

areas at depth of 5 metres, and thus exposed to large changes of temperature during a year.

The salinity tolerances and osmoregulatory capabilities of the S.entomon are connected with their

distribution in coastal waters.

The purpose of this work was to determine the broad tolerance limits to temperature and salinity

and to study the behaviour and osmoregulatory ability of S.entomon to environmental factors.

Changes in physiological parameters of individuals exposed to various temperature (from 5.5

to 21.5oC) and salinity (from 1.0 to 15.0 PSU) levels are reported. Mortality and behaviour was

observed daily during the 96h exposition. After that, the osmotic pressure of haemolymph and water

samples was measured. The effect of the temperature on the osmoregulation was noticed but only

at salinity 7 and 15 PSU. The mean values were greatest at 21,5 °C. The survival rate was the lowest

in temperature 21,5°C and salinity 15 PSU. The temperature 21,5 °C has the largest influences

on behaviour, osmoregulatory ability and survival rate of S.entomon.

Key words: Saduria entomon, osmoregulation, temperature



67

Aquatic habitats on the waste landfill area in Kloda near Pila (North

Greater Poland) – a wildlife refuge and a place of education

BRZOZOWSKI MICHAŁ1*, BRYGIDER AGNIESZKA

1, BRZOZOWSKA SANDRA1,

OWSIANNY PAWEŁ M. 1,2, MYK JÓZEF3

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAN 1DIDACTIC AND SCIENTIFIC BRANCH IN PILA, UL. KOŁOBRZESKA 15, 64-920 PIŁA, POLAND

2INSTYTUT GEOEKOLOGII I GEOINFORMACJI, UL. DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 61-680 POZNAŃ, POLAND

3MIEJSKI ZAKŁAD OCZYSZCZANIA – WYSYPISKO Z SIEDZIBĄ W PILE, UL. KUSOCIŃSKIEGO 1, 64-920 PIŁA, POLAND


Waste Landfill in Kloda as part of Miejski Zakład Oczyszczania (MZO)-Landfill headquartered in Pila

(north Greater Poland) is located in the site of a former sand and gravel excavation. At its area has 4

ponds: first 0.16 ha, second 0.9 ha, third 0.7 ha, fourth 0.44 ha. Reservoirs are supplied with rain

water, including canalised slopes landfills. Within Landfill area is already available educational path

discussing the construction of the landfill, conducted environmental monitoring, and use of biogas

as electricity.

The aim of the project is to make an inventory of selected groups of organisms in the nearby ponds

and design natural educational path near them. Observations were conducted in April and were

continued until October 2013.

The studied ponds are ecological island inside Waste Landfills. Despite the anthropogenic origin

and continuous impact of adjacent landfill, the ponds constitute good habitat for the development

of many groups of organisms especially amphibians (Rana temporaria, Rana arvalis, Rana lessonae,

Rana ridibunda, Rana esculenta, Bombina bombina, Bufo bufo, Triturus vulgaris, Lacerta agilis),

reptiles, mammals and birds (Cygnus olor , Anas platyrhynchos , or in the spring – Bucephala

clangula). In 2013 European beaver settled ponds. The constant presence of beaver is visible

in the form of the lodges on the Pond II and fallen trees for the construction of the lodges,

and nutritional purposes. The activity of beaver has a positive effect due to the retention of water

in the reservoir. From the point of view of exploitation of the fallen tree stand has a negative influence

on the area. The Ponds and their closest surrounding are a place for a waterhole and feeding larger

mammals like a wild boar, roe deer and deer. It is planned to complete the observations in October

2014. The educational path, planned for implementation in 2014, will be designed for primary school

children.

Key words: ponds , educational path, Waste Landfills



68

Benthic diatoms as indicators of water quality of Noteć river at the point

of water run-off from opencast brown coal mine ‘Tomisławice’

BURDA IZABELLA *, MESSYASZ BEATA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND,


Algae are good indicators of the features of the water, hence they are used to monitor water quality.

They develop in an area depend on different environmental factors: salinity, temperature, pH, water

velocity, shading, depth, availability of substrata to grow on, water chemistry, etc. Among algae,

diatoms have the advantage of being easily identifiable at the species level without the need of cultures

and they are very easy to collect and store. The ecological requirements of many diatom species

are known and therefore many diatom-based indexes of water quality have been developed.

The water quality in Noteć river is influenced by natural as well as anthropogenic factors. The most

important natural factor is significantly low water resources of the region and industrial

and agricultural pollution as anthropogenic factor. Since 2009 Noteć river has been constantly polluted

by run-off from opencast brown coal mine “Tomisławice”.

The aim of the study was to examine the river Noteć at five sample sets with the focus

on the taxonomic and quantity of diatom structure along the part of run-off from opencast brown coal

mine “Tomisławice”. Ecologic state of Noteć river was determined on the basis of multinumeric

diatom index.

In the analysis of benthic diatoms under the light microscopy were found in total 95 taxa belonging

to three taxonomic classes. Within Coscinodiscophyceae class were found 8 taxa, Fragilariophyceae

16 taxa and the most abundant was Bacillariophyceae with 69 taxa belonging to 8 orders

and 16 families. The most abundant in taxa were the orders of Naviculares and Fragilares. Ecological

characteristics was based on the scale of Van Dam and to estimate the similarity between sample sets

was used the Jaccard index.

Results show that sample sets located before and the most farther of the point of water run-off indicate

good quality status while sample sets close to water run-off and just after indicate moderate quality

status. Meaning that water quality deteriorates only near the water run-off, the farther from the point

of water run-off the water quality progressively are subjecte to slightly improved.

Key words: benthic diatoms, river, brown coal mine, water quality

The study was supported by the NCN Project number 2011/01/B/ST/00513.



69

An example of water treatment technology in thermal power station

CHOLEWIŃSKI MACIEJ*, KAMI ŃSKI MICHAŁ

POLITECHNIKA WROCŁAWSKA, WYDZIAŁ MECHANICZNO-ENERGETYCZNY,

INSTYTUT TECHNIKI CIEPLNEJ I MECHANIKI PŁYNÓW, ZAKŁAD INŻYNIERII I TECHNOLOGII ENERGETYCZNYCH,

WYBRZEŻE WYSPIAŃSKIEGO 27, 50-370, WROCŁAW, POLSKA


This poster contains a typical technological drawing of water treatment plant in high power municipal

cogeneration unit. Such institutions, just like power plants and other thermal power units,

for production purposes need a significant amounts of crystal clear water (which prevents corrosion

and boiler scale). Thus every water treatment plant (selection of devices, its operation

and maintenance) has a major impact on the devices reliability and durability (boilers, steam turbines,

heat exchangers, cooling towers, tanks), influencing on costs of energy.

Presented technology consist of some typical processes. Surface water, taken from the river, in order

to obtain high chemical purification is treating to stages such a clarify, coagulation,

decarbonisation (all in slow reactor), filtering (in gravel filter), softening and demineralization (ionic

columns). Additionally, water flowing in boiler circulation is depriving of gases such a CO2 and O2

(in thermal degasser). Crucial issue is to ensure proper individual working parameters to every device

and process (reagents inflow, flow velocity, pH, temperature, presence of ions and inhibitors),

especially when subsequent element has completely different chemical requirements.

Specific nature of water treatment plants in power engineering sector, through example from presented

CHP unit, is necessary to understand and acquaint with typical water treatment processes and using

for this purposes technical devices.

Key words: thermal power plant, water treatment station, power engineering industry



70

Verification the roughness coefficients of riverbed based on the analysis

granulometric of river sediment

CHWAŁEK MATEUSZ*, MADZIA MAREK

UNIVERSITY OF BIELSKO-BIALA, FACULTY OF MATERIALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND ENGINEERING,

CHAIR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAIN AREAS, 2 WILLOWA ST., BIELSKO-BIALA 43-309, POLAND


River sediment is a solid material consisting of mineral or organic particles of various size and shape,

which is moved, deposited and transformed, under the influence of a complex interaction of flowing

water and the various ways gets into to the stream channel.

In determining the flow of water on the basis of the cross-section trough and the river slope are chosen

roughness coefficient from the tables. This is an empirical parameter dependent on the type of stream

channel. The article attempts to verify the roughness coefficients for gravelly trough on the basis

of analysis granulometric of river sediment. For this purpose selected three research sections in which

the pointwise was measured water flow rate, the river slope and the river sediment was collected.

From the velocity was calculated mean value, which was inserted into the reshaped formula Manning

on the water flow velocity. In this way it was determined the roughness coefficient.

The conducted analysis allows comparison received empirically roughness coefficients with data

in tables. It also enables the creation of a relationship between the roughness coefficient

and designated the diameter of authoritative for taken river sediment samples. Obtained results also

been compared with a known from the literature method Stickler describing the relationship between

the roughness coefficient and the diameter of authoritative.

Key words: river sediment, roughness coefficient, water flow velocity



71

Temperature, as an important life factor for keystone species

Idotea balthica (Crustacea: Isopoda)

CZARNECKA PAULINA *, KENDZIERSKA HALINA , JANAS URSZULA

UNIWERSYTET GDAŃSKI, WYDZIAŁ OCEANOGRAFII I GEOGRAFII, INSTYTUT OCEANOGRAFII, ZAKŁAD EKOLOGII

EKSPERYMENTALNEJ ORGANIZMÓW MORSKICH, AL.MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378, GDYNIA, POLSKA


Temperature is a factor which has a huge impact on behaviour and many physiological processes

(for example osmoregulation). The temperature also influences some phenomena and forces

the organisms to adaptations such as migration or of horizontal, vertical and spatial distribution

of individual species. Organisms differ from each other considering a temperature range that they can

tolerate. Idotea balthica is a species that is very sensitive to temperature fluctuations. This Baltic small

crustacean lives on overgrown bottom, especially among underwater Zostera meadows. It is extremely

important organism in the functioning of meadows, which are very rich ecosystems. Zostera beds are

places that give a refuge, a place of spawning for many organisms and provide stability of sea bottom.

I. balthica feeds on microalgae, preventing overgrowing sea grasses at the same time. Therefore

it's important to observe how a temperature, especially increasing of this factor, will influence

on the survival, behavior and osmoregulation. Extremely high temperatures in summer might have

negative affect on this species.

The research was conducted at two different temperatures (18°C and 24°C). Survival and behaviour

of organisms were observed every day during 7 days of experiments, then hemolymph was sampled

in order to measure osmotic pressure. The experiment confirms that even a small change

in temperature in a short time, triggers a response in terms of survival, behaviour and osmotic pressure

in this organism.

Key words: temperature, Idotea balthica, Baltic Sea



72

Biodiversity and ecological quality assessment based on benthic

communities in seagrass meadows in Long Shallow area

(Gulf of Gdansk)

DĄBROWSKA ANNA*, KENDZIERSKA HALINA , JANAS URSZULA


DEPARTMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL ECOLOGY OF MARINE ORGANISMS,



By many scientists, seagrass ecosystems are compared to coral reefs, considering their functionality.

Diversity of those functions is large, starting with biological functions, such as food source, shelter

or breeding area for marine organisms and ending with ecological services, for example sediment

filtration and trapping, nutrient recycling, oxygen production and primary production. Seaweeds are

also very helpful in maintaining good health of environment and this function became a subject

of these studies.

The seagrass meadows in Gulf of Gdansk are not observed very often. Zostera marina- main species

creating meadows in this area, were widely abundant in the past, but due to eutrophication

and increasing number of filamentous algae, their presence decreased rapidly until 1980’s. Nowadays,

we observe slow restoration of Z. marina again. That is why it is even more important to study those

biotopes.

The aim of our research is to study biodiversity, abundance and biomass of seagrass meadows

and bare sands. That will also allow us to assess the ecological quality of those habitats. Samples were

collected in July 2008. Main steps done to achieve our aims were: taxonomic identification, counting

and weighing organisms and counting basic diversity indices.

To check the quality of habitats on segrass meadows and soft bottom, we used benthic quality indices:

Benthic Quality Index- BQI and B index. Both indices link the abundance of organisms and species

richness with their sensitivity to environmental pollution and fulfill WFD requirements.

Key words: ecological quality assessment, benthic indices, seagrass’ functions



73

Assessing the chemical status of groundwater on the example

of the representativity index of the monitoring network

DĄBROWSKA DOMINIKA *, KUCHARSKI RAFAŁ , WITKOWSKI ANDRZEJ J.

UNIWERSYTET ŚLĄSKI, WYDZIAŁ NAUK O ZIEMI, KATEDRA HYDROGEOLOGII I GEOLOGII INŻYNIERSKIEJ,

BĘDZIŃSKA 60, 41-200, SOSNOWIEC, POLAND


The representativity index Ru is a measure used in assessing the chemical status of groundwater based

on monitoring studies. This index is designed to mapping the spatial homogeneity of the monitoring

network. The general formula for calculating the index Ru is as follows:

[%]/

7,37

FndR

av

u = ,

where: dav – mean minimum distance between any point in a given area and the nearest point

of measurement, n – number of monitoring points, F – surface of the test study (Grath et al., 2001).

Formula for calculating the representative monitoring network is designed so that its value does

not depend on the dimensions of the area, but only on the shape and configuration of the monitoring

points. Appearing in the numerator constant value is the most interesting part of the whole formula.

To understand why the said value is equal to 37.7, consider a monitoring network on a regular area

of research.

We can ask whether it is the best method for defining the representativeness or rather homogeneity

of the monitoring network. Paper shows the new method of calculating the representativity index

using programming language R instead of MAROS program.

Key words: representativity index, monitoring network, chemical state of groundwater



74

Floods on Warta river in Poznań

DOBROŚ EMILIA *, MARCHWIŃSKA AGNIESZKA


INSTYTUT GEOGRAFII FIZYCZNEJ I KSZTAŁTOWANIA ŚRODOWISKA PRZYRODNICZEGO,

ZAKŁAD HYDROLOGII I GOSPODARKI WODNEJ, ULICA DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 60-618, POZNAŃ, POLSKA


The aim of the study is to presents diversity of the spatiotemporal incidence of floods in the Poznań

area and also analysis of possibility of preventing negatives effects of this phenomenon. Flood

is a temporary overlapping ground by water, normally uncovered by water, caused by consequence

of swelling water in watercourses, receptables water, canals and the sea. The definition is consistent

with the assumptions of Flood Directive of European Union (DP 2007/60/WE), which is one

of the most important documents, which helps in the prevention of dangers situations caused by flood.

The analysis of the archival material shows that these extremely high water levels in rivers have

different origin, spatial range, timing and duration, which confirms the classification and flood’s map

presented by Z. Mikulski. An essential issue in predicting risks is hydrographic description

and interpretation of the hydrological regime of the river. Given the above assumptions and also

documentary material was created an analysis of the flood risk of Poznań, located on the Warta river.

Attention was paid to the oldest documented flood elevations climax in Poznań, which remains after

the floods, which are the "Signs of the Great Waters". In the study are widely characterized floods

of the century 1910-2010, which is an element used in forecasting and organization of the flood

protection system. This is confirmed by many hydraulic structures that were built in the area

of Poznań district, as well as the development of mapping and simulation of flooding areas of the city

of Poznań at different heights of water levels on the Warta. Old and modern systems of information

about floods, which were used in the work are the most important element in the assessment of flood

risk and ways of preventing it.

Key words: flood, Poznań, Warta



75

Condition of Mytilus edulis trossulus along salinity and pollution gradient

in the Baltic Sea

DUBLINOWSKA MAGDA*, SMOLARZ KATARZYNA , CZERNIAWSKA NATALIA ,

LARSSON JOSEFINE

UNIVERSITY OF GDAŃSK, FACULTY OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY,

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONING, AV. MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378, GDYNIA, POLAND


The Baltic Sea, due to low salinity is a species poor environment with only a few adapted species that

upholding all of the ecosystem functions. Another factor affecting life in the Baltic Sea

is anthropogenic pollution. Populations living in this harsh environment can either cope with

the change and survive by handling the new conditions (by adaptation or phenotypic plasticity)

or become locally extinct.

The aim of this study was to determine the stress response and condition of Mytilus edulis trossulus

reflected in phenotypic plasticity. To test how the physiology of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis

trossulus changes under the stress condition, indexes like BMI, SMI, GMI, GSR, GI and the lipid

content were selected. The sampling took place in five regions in the Baltic Sea. Among each location

three sites were chosen in order to reflect local changes in environmental condition. In particular, we

concentrated on sites defined as: polluted, eutrophicated and reference.

Condition of Mytilus trossulus edulis varied between locations and among habitats. The highest lipid

content was in the blue mussels sampled from Gulf of Finland (>13% of dry weight) and from Bay

of Gdańsk (>11% of d.w.). All reference sites were characterized by the lowest values of all analyzed

indexes. The highest values of histological lesions were revealed in Bay of Gdańsk while in Gulf

of Finland was the lowest. Animals from the polluted sites were not in the worst condition,

so the question is - where is the line between ‘good’ and ‘bad’ for organisms? Maybe ‘the lesser evil’

is better survival strategy? Phenotypic plasticity of the blue mussels allowed to adjust to ambient

environmental conditions and contributed to origin of different ecotypes in the Baltic Sea. Indicators

used in this study determined the physiological response of Mytilus trossulus edulis in different

salinity and pollution gradient.

Key words: fitness of Mytilus edulis trossulus, phenotypic plasticity, Baltic Sea



76

Algae as a bioaccumulators of heavy metals

FABROWSKA JOANNA*, ŁĘSKA BOGUSŁAWA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ, FACULTY OF CHEMISTRY,

DEPARTMENT OF SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY, UMULTOWSKA 89B, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND

e-mail: [email protected]

Algae are an extraordinarily differential group of organisms, which are commonly considered

as a plant-like aquatic organisms. They are widely used as a cosmetic raw materials due to a high

content of various bioactive compounds. However, both marine and freshwater algae are able

to absorb heavy metals, such as: Cu, Pb, Hg, Cd, As, Ni, Cr, Au and others.

The accumulation of metals in algal biomass is the result of properties of their cell walls, which are

freely permeable to low molecular-weight constituents, e.g. heavy metal ions. Furthermore, algae

contain specific compounds, which may bond metal ions by chelation and, consequently, form

complexes with them. There are many chelating compounds in algae, e.g.: alginic acid and alginates,

ulvans, xylans, proteins, phenolic compounds and others. Therefore, the efficiency of heavy metals

uptake depends on species of algae and their chemical composition. For example, Ulva sp. turned out

to be a good bioaccumulator for Ni, Cd and Pb ions.

During my poster presentation I would like to focus on the importance of quality control of algae

as a material for cosmetics. We have to pay attention to the aspect of heavy metals content controlling

in algae, when they are applied in cosmetic products.

Key words: algae, bioacummulator, heavy metals, cosmetics



77

The changes in the phytoplankton communities of Sławskie Lake

during 2013

FRANKIEWICZ MONIKA*, KOZAK ANNA


DEPARTMENT OF WATER PROTECTION, UL. UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Sławskie Lake is one of the largest glacial lakes in the south - western Poland. Water surface area

of the lake is over 800 ha, its average depth is 5.2 m and maximum depth is 12.6 m. Coastline of this

reservoir is long and strongly developed which is caused by numerous bays and four islands. Lake

Sławskie is supplied by two larger watercourses and several smaller. It is also the source of the river

Obrzyca. The catchment of the lake is vast and dominated with low-grade soil valuation agricultural

land and forest, crossed by numerous drainage ditches which facilitated the transportation of nutrients,

greatly accelerating the processes of eutrophication resulting in, few times a year, algae blooms.

By 2010, improvement in water quality had still being observed. This phenomenon was explained

by a high capacity of selfrestoration of the Lake.

Observations of phytoplankton changes made in the 2012/2013 year, and visually observed water

blooms in the summer and autumn of 2013 indicated that the selfrestoration process not only slowed

down, but even relented, and currently is observed the deterioration of the water quality of Lake

Sławskie.

The aim of studies was: an inventory phytoplankton in the lake, on the basis of samples from 2012

and 2013, comparison of seasonal changes in species composition, abundance and biomass

of phytoplankton of Sławskie Lake, determination of the structure of phytoplankton species

in reference to physico-chemical parameters.

The composition of phytoplankton collected in the winter (February) 2013 indicates several species

of Chrysophycae, among them Chrysococcus minutus and Dinobryon sociale, which are typically

oligotrophic species. In addition to occurring of small number of oligotrophic species, the presence

of taxa typical for eutrophic waters: Fragilaria crotonensis, Aulacoseira granulata, Pediastrum sp.,

Scenedesmus sp. and numerous cyanobacteria: Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis flos-aquae,

Microcystis vesenbergii, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae were noted. In July 2013 dinoflagellates blooms

were observed with domination of Ceratium hirudinella. In October 2013 again cyanobacteria blooms



78

appeared, especially genus Microcystis spp. The taxonomic composition of phytoplankton

in the studied samples was consistent with the Sommer’s et al. PEG (Plankton Ecology Group) model.

Key words: phytoplankton composition, algae blooms, Sławskie Lake

This studies was supported by Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MNiSW/NCN) under

grant No NN 305 372 838.



79

Viruses in aquatic environments

FRĄCKOWIAK PATRYK*

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, COLLEGIUM BIOLOGICUM,

UL. UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAN, POLAND

*corresponding author: frac.patryk @ gmail.com

Surface water are used as: the places of recreation, a source of drinking water. They are also a habitat

of countless organisms. Influx of communal savage often leads to contamination of the water

with human viruses.

Aquatic virology is a relatively young field of research that has developed half a century ago. Since

poliovirus was first detected in water, many gastrointestinal and hepatic pathogens were isolated

from water sources. Further studies supplemented the list of enterotropic water-borne viruses

with numerous new taxa, such as: hepaciviruses, reoviruses, rotaviruses, mastadenoviruses,

calcyviruses, astroviruses, parvoviruses, coronaviruses and toroviruses. There are a few possible

routes of viruses transmission include for example land runoff, sewage or solid waste.

Successful, prevention of water-borne diseases require constant monitoring of environment, search

for novel taxa pathogen and development of better of water treatment techniques.

Key words: viruses, aquatic virology, enteroviruses



80

Simulation of land use/cover changes by using agent-based modeling

for the water protection in lake landscape

GIEŁDA-PINAS KATARZYNA1*, LIGMANN-ZIELIŃSKA ARIKA

2,

ZWOLIŃSKI ZBIGNIEW1

1UNIWERSYTET IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA W POZNANIU, WYDZIAŁ NAUK GEOGRAFICZNYCH I GEOLOGICZNYCH,

INSTYTUT GEOEKOLOGII I GEOINFORMACJI, ZAKŁAD GEOEKOLOGII, UL. DZIĘGIELOWAN 27, POZNAŃ, POLAND 2MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY, EAST LANSING, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


A model is a representation of a more complex phenomenon, process or system. In agent-based

modeling (ABM) the system or process which model represents is composed of a community

of heterogeneous and interacting individuals called agents. Agents are autonomous units, distributed

within a shared environment, which they transform due to their need and will. In agent-based model

the phenomenon, process or operating system is based on decision rule, which is followed by agents

to achieve their goals. This overreaching principle to make decisions and change the environment

makes agents the most crucial part of the whole concept.

In the research project, the model is built to represent farmers decision making process which may

influence land use/cover changes in lake landscape. The decisions the farmer makes are important

not only from the individuals point of view. The way how farmer manage his/her land has an

important impact on water bodies and water quality. Some ecological decisions are may even improve

water quality, especially those supported by Agri-enviornmental program. Planting new forest, create

buffer zones next to water bodies or keep the winter vegetation positively affects water bodies

by decrease the nutrients flow. Agent-based models are considered to be computational laboratories,

so thanks to many simulations we plant to show how different scenarios for framing may affect

the water ecosystem functioning and create diverse patterns of land use/cover change in Gniezno

Lakeland District.

Key words: agent-based model, lake landscape, farmer decision making



81

The impact of helophyte transpiration

on the vertical water exchange in lakes

GRABOWSKA KATARZYNA *

UNIVERSITY OF GDANSK, FACULTY OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY, INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY,

DEPARTMENT OF LIMNOLOGY, BAŻYŃSKIEGO 4, 80-309, GDAŃSK, POLAND


Vaporization (transformation from liquid phase to gas), a component of the hydrological cycle, is one

of the most difficult elements to calculate in relation to the water balance of the lake. The intensity

of this process depends on air temperature, wind velocity, vapor pressure and the presence of aquatic

plants. This study is focused on the water loss through the atmospheric exchange which exists in forms

such as evaporation (vaporization from the surface of the liquid) and transpiration (vaporization from

the aerial parts of plants).

Lakes usually have visible littoral zone overgrown with vascular plants. The biggest part of the coastal

flora is represented by Acorus calamus (Sweet Flag), Phragmites australis (common reed),

Schoenoplectus (Club-rush/bulrush) and plants of the Typha genus. Taking into account the fact that

the Polish lakes’ reed beds, in most cases, cover an area of several acres, the phenomenon of water

loss by plants as a result of vaporization through the stoma is one of the key elements defining

the water balance of lakes. The research describing this subject was undertaken at the Hydrological

Station in Radzyn and, starting this year, at the Limnological Station of the University of Gdansk

in Borucino.

Analysis and comparison of the results are prepared based on data obtained during the measurement

of the evaporation from the water surface and reed planted in GGI 3000 evaporimeter. Previously used

methodology, enriched with innovative research techniques allowing for more accurate assessment

of the transpiration value, have been used by researchers of Limnology Department of the University

of Gdansk. Denoting “mechanical reed bed’s evaporation”, the difference between dry weight of reed

from evaporimeter and lake and unique microclimate of reed bed, it was shown that the amount

of vaporization from its surface is several times higher than the evaporation from the water surface.

Key words: common reed, evaporation, transpiration



82

Impact of TiO2 on remobilization of metals from marine organic matter

GRACA BOŻENA, ZAKRZEWSKA DANUTA, SANIEWSKA DOMINIKA *

INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY UNIVERSITY OF GDAŃSK, AL. PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378 GDYNIA, POLAND


Nanotechnology is one of the most intensively developing directions of research. Widespread use

of nanomaterials poses a risk of their uncontrolled emissions into the environment. This is due

to the fact that still does not exist effective means of sewage treatment and emission control

in production processes of nanomaterials. Furthermore regulations on nanomaterials are in the process

of creation.

Nanomaterials have greater sorption capacity and higher reactivity than the same materials

on the macro scale. Furthermore, they exhibit the ability to penetrate most of the barriers (e.g.

the blood-brain barrier). As a result in the natural environment nanowastes potentially undergo

bioaccumulation (probably also biomagnification) and are carriers of contamination. Among

the market of nanomaterials the high share has titanium dioxide. The photocatalytic activity, strong

oxidizing properties and very high refractive index of titanium dioxide find applications in various

industry branches such as textile, building, cosmetics and medicine.

The aim of presented experimental study was to assess the impact of TiO2 on remobilization of trace

metals (Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Hg) from marine organic matter into the water. Sea water with addition

of TiO2 was enriched with trace metals in suspension and was kept to equilibrate about few days in

light and in dark. Metals concentration in filtrate and in suspension was analyzed using ICPMS.

Key words: nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, sea water



83

Factors determining mercury concentrations in eggs of water birds

from the Gulf of Gdansk and Wloclawek dam

GRAJEWSKA AGNIESZKA*, SZUMIŁO EMILIA , FALKOWSKA LUCYNA,

HAJDRYCH JULIA , BEŁDOWSKA MAGDALENA, MEISSNER WŁODZIMIERZ,

BZOMA SZYMON, PRZYSTALSKI ANDRZEJ, BRAUZE TOMASZ

UNIVERSITY OF GDANSK, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY,


AL. PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378 GDYNIA, POLAND


Mercury is present in the marine environment and it is extremely important due to its high toxicity

and ability to biocumullation in tissues of alive organisms. In the process of eating, marine birds

absorb mercury which reaches highest concentrations at the top of the trophic pyramid. Birds

eliminate mercury from their bodies by transporting this contaminant to the growing feathers during

molt and by excreting with guano. Additionally, females can eliminate mercury by egg laying.

As a result, marine birds’ eggs are considered to be good indicators of marine environment pollution.

The study aimed to determine the effects of diet on the concentrations of total mercury (HgTOT) in eggs

of three seabirds species breeding in the Gulf of Gdansk – sandvich tern (Sterna sandvicensis; Latham,

1787), african penguin (Spheniscus demersus; Linneaus, 1758) and herring gull (Larus argentatus;

Pontopiddan, 1763). Each of the studied species is associated with a different diet base. Samples were

collected respectively from the Vistula river mouth (Mewia Łacha reserve), Municipial Zoo in Gdańsk

and breeding colony near dam in Włocławek. The possibility of detoxification process during

the developmnet of the egg embryo was also checked.

The results allowed to demonstrate that using of anthropogenic food reduces the load of mercury

in female - eggs transfer. Furthermore, it was indicated that high affinity of mercury to the -SH

groups, present in proteins, results in a higher concentration of mercury in the albumen in comparison

to the lipid rich egg yolks.



84

Total mercury in surface sediments of the Gdansk Basin

JĘDRUCH AGNIESZKA*, BEŁDOWSKA MAGDALENA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA

UNIVERSITY OF GDANSK, FACULTY OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY,

INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY, DEPARTMENT OF MARINE CHEMISTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

MARSZAŁKA J. PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378 GDYNIA, POLAND


The research conducted in the Gdansk Basin in 2011 was aimed to identify changes in total mercury

concentrations in surface sediments on the background of the decreasing input of this metal. Samples

were collected in different areas of the Gdansk Basin – its central part, mouth of Vistula River

and the Puck Bay. The concentration of total mercury was determined by the atomic absorption

spectrometry on mercury analyzer AMA 245.

The results indicated that metal concentration in surface sediments varied greatly, showing the highest

values in muddy sediments with the higher organic matter content in the central part of basin. Despite

the reduction in mercury emission to the Baltic Sea, a decline in Hg level, in comparison to values

measured in the past decade, were observed only in sediments of Puck Bay. This was probably

the effect of mercury remobilization form sediment to the water column.

Key words: mercury, surface sediments, Baltic Sea

The authors wish to thank for the financial support provided by a grant from the National Science

Centre (No. NSC UMO-2011/01/B/ST10/07697).



85

Problem of water supply in the Carpathian Flysch

the example of the village Kłodne

JUŚKO KAMIL *, BAR DOMINIKA , DENDYS MARTA

AGH AKADEMIA GÓRNICZO – HUTNICZA, WYDZIAŁ GEOLOGII, GEOFIZYKI I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA,

KATEDRA HYDROGEOLOGII I GEOLOGII INŻYNIERSKIEJ, AL. A. MICKIEWICZA, 30-059 KRAKÓW, POLSKA


With increasing population in some areas there is a problem of drinking and domestic water demand.

The goal of the research project framework was to determine perspective areas for water intake

in Kłodne region. Study area is located in malopolska region, commune Limanowa. Geographically

is included in Outer Carpathian mountains. It is also an area of landslide movements. During the field

investigations the water table in farm wells and flow in streams and rivers was measured in December

2012. Groundwater and surface water samples for physico-chemical analysis were also taken. They

were performed in hydrogeochemical laboratory at Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering

Geology (AGH). Terrain data and archive data were used to construct numerical model in Visual

MODFLOW 4.2. Modelling studies are burned high uncertainty due to complicated geology.

The model was created to identify the groundwater conditions and groundwater flows directions.

There was also working well in this area simulated to explore possibility to increase groundwater

intake. The results show that quality of surface water and groundwater is quite good (II and III class).

What is more simulation shows that maximum flow rate of designed well will not cover request

for water intake. Economically it is better to locate water intake on one of the streams in research area.

Key words: water supply, Carpathian Flysch, numerical model



86

The urban agglomeration impact on ecological status

of the lowland river (Central Poland)

KNYSAK P.*, SZCZEPOCKA E., NOWICKA-KRAWCZYK P.,

ŻELAZNA-WIECZOREK J.

UNIVERSITY OF ŁÓDŹ, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,

DEPARTMENT OF ALGOLOGY AND MYCOLOGY, BANACHA 12/16 STR., 90-237, ŁÓDŹ, POLAND

*corresponding author: e-mail [email protected]

The expansion of cities affects strongly on ecological status and water quality of rivers located

on urban areas. The most frequent symptoms of increased urbanisation are: deterioration of habitats`

condition and degradation of rivers` ecosystem. The aim of this study was to assess the ecological

status of the upper part of the Ner river, which is under high pressure of the Łódź City agglomeration.

The assessment was conducted on four selected study sites and was based on bioindication properties

of phytobenthos. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of benthic diatoms was used for hierarchical

cluster classification, which arranged samples in two groups. The first group (analysis clustered

the 1st and the 2nd study site) was characterized by a high participation of species sensitive to organic

pollution (like: Cyclotella meneghiniana, Meridion circulare, Ulnaria ulna), while in the second

group (the 3rd and the 4th study site) high participation of species tolerant to organic pollution

was noted (like: Gomphonema parvulum f. saprophilum Navicula gregaria, Nitzschia palea).

The ecological status assessment was based on diatom indices: IO – Diatom Index, GDI – Generic

Diatom Index, IPS – Specific Pollution Sensitivity Index. The first two study sites were characterized

by better ecological status than the other two. The ecological status on the 1st and the 2nd study site

ranged from medicore to bad (which corresponds to III and IV water quality class), while

on the 3rd and the 4th study site it ranged from bad to very bad (which corresponds to IV and V water

quality class).

Analysis divided the upper part of the Ner river into two sections, characterized with various

ecological status. This division is associated with localization of the Group Sewage Treatment Plant

of Łódź (GOŚ), which discharge treated wastewaters into the river section between the 2nd

and the 3rd study site. Before the GOŚ was constructed all the untreated sewage from textile industry

was dumped into this section of the river. The urbanization and expansion of industry in XIXth century

led to high degradation of the Ner river ecosystem, and despite the fact of changes in the city



87

wastewater management, the river is unable to improve and recreate of its` ecological status before

the urban impact.

Key words: urban river, diatoms, ecological status



88

Anthropogenic factors affecting bird and amphibian species diversity

in farmland ponds

KOKOCIŃSKI PATRYK*, PIASECKA MARTA

UNIWERSYTET IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA W POZNANIU, WYDZIAŁ BIOLOGII,

UL. UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614, POZNAŃ, POLSKA


Agricultural development during the last decades has already caused decline in breeding populations

of many amphibian and avian species in farmlands. Amphibians because of their thin and easily

permeable skin are one of the best water contamination bioindicators. Similar negative responses

to the deterioration of the water quality were also noted among riparian birds.

Other important factors that influence animal distribution in agricultural landscape are proportions

of particular habitat, types of agricultural practices and sort of crops in the immediate vicinity

of the water reservoir. Such factors have a significant impact on birds, but the knowledge about habitat

requirements of many farmland species still has some gaps. In case of amphibians, the impact of land

use in the vicinity of the breeding tank also needs further research.

Nevertheless, agricultural economy improvement has not affected all species in the same way. In some

species positive responses towards these transformations can be observed.

In the face of a changing landscape and a drastic decline in populations, it is important to understand

the impact that human activities exert on the organisms living in farmlands. The currently planned

research will include mid-field ponds of Opalenica Plain in western Wielkopolska (Greater Poland).

It is an area of intense agriculture with numerous unaudited depressions and water reservoirs. Our goal

is to investigate the effect of water contamination and type of agricultural management in close

proximity to species richness of amphibians and birds.

Key words: agriculture, amphibians, birds



89

Gastrotricha of the Baltic Sea -

- new records of Chaetonotida and Macrodasyida

KOLICKA MAŁGORZATA1*, KOTWICKI LECH

2, GRZELAK KATARZYNA2,

ZAWIERUCHA KRZYSZTOF1

1ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY ,

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL TAXONOMY AND ECOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND 2POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF MARIN ECOLOGY,

POWSTAŃCÓW WARSZAWY 55, 1-712 SOPOT, POLAND


Gastrotricha is a phylum of monophyletic, microscopic, acoelomate metazoans ranging from 50 µm

to 3500 µm in length. Hitherto, ca. 800 nominal species of Gastrotricha divided into two orders,

Chaetonotida and Macrodasyida are described.

Gastrotrichs have been known for almost 150 years, but through time only few researchers have

dedicated their interest to these organisms. Thus, only 23 marine species from Polish Baltic coastal

zone and 3 freshwater species from estuaries are recorded. In order to increase the knowledge

of Gastrotricha from Polish Baltic Coast, different habitats inhabited by these small sized organisms

were investigated. The study was conducted for sandy sediments (interstitial species) and, for the first

time for marine ecosystem, in underwater meadows (phytophilous species). Interstitial fauna were

analyzed in 2012 and 2013 from 8 localities (open see, Puck Bay, Gdańsk Bay), while phytophilous

fauna were analyzed in 2013 from 2 localities (outer and inner part of Puck Bay). Analysis of sandy

sediment samples revealed presence of Turbanella hyalina Schultze 1853, species which has never

observed for Polish Baltic coast yet. Analysis of underwater meadows-dwelling gastrotrichs allowed

to add second species to list of Polish fauna i.e. Heterolepidoderma joermungandri Kånneby, 2011.

So far, H. joermungandri was known only from freshwater locus typicus in Lapland (Sweden)

and T. hyalina is known only from a few European localities. Other species observed during this study

include: Halichaetonotus balticus Kisielewski, 1975, Halichaetonotus lamellatus Kisielewski, 1975,

Halichaetonotus schromi Kisielewski, 1975, Xenotrichula intermedia Remane, 1934, Xenotrichula

velox Remane, 1927 and Turbanella cornuta Remane, 1925.

Presented results make significant contribution for existing knowledge concerning gastrotrichs fauna.

Community structure and distribution pattern of these non-conspicuous organisms are still not fully

described and understood. Therefore, it is worth to pay more attention to these interesting animals.

Key words: Animal taxonomy, Gastrotricha, New records



90

Influence of Daphnia magna (Straus 1820) exudates on the morphology

of cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon gracile (Lemm. 1910)

KOZŁOWSKA ANNA*, WEJNEROWSKI ŁUKASZ, CERBIN SŁAWOMIR

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY,



Inducible defense against grazers like Daphnia is fairly widespread among phytoplankton organisms,

including filamentous cyanobacteria. Our recent studies indicate that cyanobacteria change

morphology of their filaments (thickening and shortenning of Aphanizomenon gracile in response

to grazing and Daphnia infochemicals only (where grazing is excluded). These findings can suggest

presence of inducible defence in Aphanizomenon against grazing.

In this study, we decided to use a continuous culture method to check the influence of Daphnia magna

exudates only on the morphology of cyanobacterial filaments. Thus, an experiment was performed

in phytotron, in controlled laboratory conditions. Aphanizomenon was cultivated at 20°C in a 2 L

chemostats on WC medium at a light intensity of 40 µmol quanta m-2 s-1 for a cycle of 16 h light

and 8 h darkness. Two treatments were distingusihed: (1) Aphanizomenon grown with WC medium

only (Control), and (2) blue-greens cultivated on WC medium enriched with Daphnia exudates.

During the experiment we took samples for morphological analyses of cyanobacterial filaments (their

lengths and widths) and we analyzed the nutrients concentrations in cultures.

We expect that Aphanizomenon will change its morphology (thickening and shortening of filaments)

in the presence of Daphnia exudates. If this scenario is true, the assumption of inducible defence

in Aphanizomenon gracile will be better substantiated.

The financial support was provided by the National Science Centre through research grant

No. UMO-2012/07/N/NZ8/00166.



91

Rhizofiltration – alternative method of purifying w ater

KOŹMIŃSKA ALEKSANDRA*, MUSZYŃSKA EWA

UNIWERSYTET ROLNICZY W KRAKOWIE, WYDZIAŁ OGRODNICZY, INSTYTUT BIOLOGII ROŚLIN I BIOTECHNOLOGII,,

KATEDRA BOTANIKI I FIZJOLOGII ROŚLIN, AL.29 LISTOPADA 54, 31-425 KRAKÓW, POLSKA


Pesticides, surfactants, petroleum hydrocarbons, phenols, chlorinated derivatives of biphenyl

and heavy metals, such as lead (Pb), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg)

and zinc (Zn) are rank as the most common anthropogenic contaminants. Water pollutions are caused

mainly by different chemicals, bacteria or other microorganisms. Some of above mentioned chemical

substances in the form of ions, elements or compounds are frequent water impurities. Contaminated

water can be subjected to purification using mechanical, chemical or biological methods. Among

numerous known bioremediation technologies, rhizofiltration is the best suited one to remove ions,

and especially heavy metals ions, from aqueous medium. This approach is topical, and this technology

currently is improved, as heavy metal pollution of both surface and underground waters is included

as one of serious environmental problems facing the modern world. Besides, it is cost-effective,

appropriate for processing large volumes of water showing rather low contaminants concentration.

Rhizofiltration is classified as one of phytoremediation technologies, in which plant roots are used

to remediate contaminated water through absorption, concentration, and precipitation of pollutants.

Presently only sparse plant species are known to be suitable for rhizofiltration. Such species can

efficiently remove toxic metals from a solution, benefiting from rapidly-grown root systems.

For example lead ions, which are unmanageable in solid medium, e.g. soil, can be effectively

eliminated by rhizofiltration. The selection of suitable plant material is still considered difficult step,

especially when purification of groundwater contaminated with a mixture of compounds is concerned.

Key words: rhizofiltration, water pollution, vascular plants



92

Following water ecosystem biodiversity - genetic monitoring as a useful tool

for protection endangered species associated with water environment

KRACZKOWSKA WERONIKA*, KOTOWSKA ANNA, LANGWIŃSKI WOJCIECH

POZNAN UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE AND BIOENGINEERING,

DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, UL. DOJAZD 11,60-632 POZNAŃ, POLAND


In recent years, the issues concerning the anthropogenic impact on the environment has been widely

discussed. As the water ecosystem is the most sensitive to unintended changes caused by human

activity, endangered populations of species associated with the water environment need special

attention.

Apart from traditional population monitoring, researchers can also use collected DNA data to plan

the protection of those species.

Our purpose was to present genetic monitoring as method which can be used for species protection.

It enables to obtain both information on traditional population monitoring and population genetic

parameters.

Key words: water biodiversity, genetic monitoring, species protection



93

Benthic macroinvertebrates communities of lower, large river

in relation to environmental conditions

KREPSKI TOMASZ*, PILECKA-RAPACZ MAŁGORZATA, CZERNIAWSKI ROBERT,

DOMAGAŁA JÓZEF

UNIVERSITY OF SZCZECIN, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF GENERAL ZOOLOGY,

FELCZAKA 3C, 71-412 SZCZECIN, POLAND


The aim of this study was to make a comparative analysis of benthos composition at different sites

at the inter-connected sections of lower Odra River in relation to physicochemical factors.

The observations were made on the lower section of Odra River at five study sites: two of them was

localized in the main channel, one in the left branch of river, another one in the channel carrying post-

cooling water from Dolna Odra power plant, and the last one in the channel connecting both branches

of Odra River. At all sites, the presence of 26 taxa was found representing by: Bivalvia, Gastropoda,

Oligochaeta, Hirudinea, Malacostraca and Insecta. The greatest biodiversity and the highest abundance

of benthos organisms was noted in the channel joining the two branches of the river, characterised

by the lowest water flow rates and dense coverage of the bottom with macrophytes. The only

parameter from those considered that affected the composition of benthos invertebrates

was temperature. A clearly negative influence of temperature on the diversity of invertebrates

was observed only in the channel with post-cooling water discharged from the power plant.

Key words: benthic macroinvertebrates, lower Oder, post-cooling water



94

Selected physicochemical and chemical properties

of water of Nysa Łużycka

KUBICZ JUSTYNA*, MAŁYSZKO JUSTYNA

UNIWERSYTET PRZYRODNICZY WE WROCŁAWIU , WYDZIAŁ INŻYNIERII KSZTAŁTOWANIA ŚRODOWISKA I GEODEZJI,

INSTYTUT INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA, PL. GRUNWALDZKI 24, 50-365, WROCŁAW, POLAND


The aim of the study is to assess water quality by analysis selected physicochemical and chemical

properties of water samples from Nysa Łużycka river in Lower Silesia. Water quality of Nysa Łużycka

flowing along the western border of the county Zgorzeleckie depends on the size pollution loads

of the incoming from Czech, Polish and German. The main sources of water pollution of Nysa

Łużycka river are now domestic waste and industrial localities in the Czech Republic Liberec,

Hradek, in Poland: Bogatynia, Zgorzelec, Pieńsk, in Germany: Zittau, Hirschfelde, Görlitz.

The research was performed in the period of 2004-2011 by Voivodship Inspectorate

for Environmental Protection in Wroclaw. Thirteen parameters which describe water quality were

determined in each sample: pH of water, electrical conductivity, total solids content, alkalinity

of water, concentrations of dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen and phosphorus, chemical and biological

oxygen demand, chlorides, fluorides and sulphur concentrations. The measurements points are situated

between 135 km and 197 km of the river: 197 km - the so-called three-point border, 177 km - crossing

point Marienthal - Posada, 158 km - crossing point above Zgorzelec, 135 km - crossing point Pieńsk-

Deschka. The value the most of the studied parameters was decrease for multi-year period. Comparing

the results of the three-point border (197 km) and the last point of measurement and control (135 km)

in Lower Silesia in Pieńsk there was reported a marked reduction in the levels of pollution along

the river. The results were dependent the time of the year and the pH of the water.

Key words: river water quality, Nysa Łużycka, surface water



95

Deodorization methods of air containing odors

KWAŚNY JUSTYNA*, BALCERZAK WOJCIECH

POLITECHNIKA KRAKOWSKA IM. T. KOŚCIUSZKI, WYDZIAŁ INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA,

INSTYTUT ZAOPATRZENIA W WODĘ I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA, UL. WARSZAWSKA 24, 31-155, KRAKÓW, POLAND


The formation of odors and their presence is undoubtedly associated with organic waste

and management of sewage of all types. Sources of odor emissions are widespread and can be located

in the municipal sector, in various branches of industry and also in agri-food processing objects.

Nowadays, much importance is attached to the reduction of odor emissions into the atmosphere,

mainly in terms of environmental protection and also health protection of the population living

in the vicinity of odor sources. Reduction and elimination of odor emissions to the atmosphere

is a difficult and complicated procedure, due to the variety of chemical gases and instability of odor

sources.

Among the methods for reducing odor emissions there are so-called “at source” methods and methods

relying on the deodorization of exhaust air from the premises. In general, the method of reducing odor

emissions can be divided into direct and indirect. Direct methods are used mainly in the area of animal

husbandry, because, inter alia, they rely on modifying the feed by the use of additives which reduce

the excretion of nitrogen by animals. On the other hand, all the methods that rely on the processing

of already generated waste, which are the source of odors are called indirect methods. Among

the indirect methods can be distinguished physicochemical methods, such as separation, combustion,

sorption techniques, oxidation (catalytic, photocatalytic, ozonation, low-temperature plasma reaction)

and also biological methods based on biological oxidation as a result of bio-filters and bio-scrubbers

application.

Key words: odors, wastewater, deodorization



96

The influence of water discharged from cooling systems of power plants

on the genetic structure of Daphnia sp. in heated Konin lakes

LITWIN MAGDALENA1*, CERBIN SŁAWOMIR

1, PETRUSEK ADAM2

1DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY,

UMULTOWSKA 89, 61 – 614 POZNAŃ, POLAND 2ADAM PETRUSEK, CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE, FACULTY OF SCIENCE,

DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY, VINIÇNÁ 7, CZ-12844 PRAGUE 2, CZECH REPUBLIC


Recently molecular biology has revolutionized ecological research. Daphnia has a rich literature

documenting its ecological and genetic diversity making it an ideal model for investigating

microevolutionary changes. They are keystone species in freshwater habitats, with a central position

in aquatic food webs. The aim of this study is to find out how much the zooplankton assemblages

are affected by rised temperature and to track any microevolutionary changes that can be linked

to various temperature regimes. The research area, called Konin lakes, is placed in Central Poland. Six

heated lakes were sampled 4 times a year. These reservoirs are part of cooling systems of power

stations located nearby. Additionally, four non-heated lakes were sampled as reference. All lakes

are similar in trophy state. Microsatellite markers were used to track differences in genetic structure

of Daphnia communities inhabiting lakes with varying temperature regimes. 1282 specimens were

analyzed in total. It is expected that due to raised temperature daphnids from heated lakes

are geneticaly distinct from daphnids inhabiting reference lakes.

Key words: Daphnia sp., microsatellites, microevolution



97

Heterogeneity of epiphytic diatoms on filamentous green algae

ŁEPKOWSKA KAROLINA*, MESSYASZ BEATA, PIKOSZ MARTA


DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61 – 614 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Macroalagae and hydromacrophytes are architecturally good substrate for the development

of epiphytic algae species, especially diatoms which through the very quickly colonization

of the accessible surface area, they are the first organisms that appearing in the epiphytic community

structure. Conceivable that in his way diatoms restricts access of other algal organism to the substrate.

Moreover, there are excellent bioindicators for water quality assessment. In this study we examine

whether Cladophora glomerata constraints on access to potential substrate source determine

the heterogeneity of diatoms.

The study was conducted at 3 rivers in the Wielkopolska area: Nielba River, Samica Stęszewska River

and Mogilnica River where dense mats of green macroalgae were observed. Dominant species in mats

was Cladophora glomerata. Samples of macroalgal filaments were collected during summer 2012

from the surface mats. The material of macroalgae was shaking out in distilled water. Next samples

were preparing according to standard periphyton procedures.

This study demonstrates the highly successful colonization of Cladophora glomerata filaments

by diatoms. The total number of taxa identified in all samples studied was 97 diatoms, whereof

in Nielba was observed 47, in Samica Stęszewska – 69 and in Mogilnica – 32. The highest numbers

of taxa were observed in the genera Navicula, Nitzschia, Cymbella, Cyclotella and Gomphonema.

Dominant taxa were Cocconeis placentula, Cocconeis pediculus, Melosira varians. The heterogeneity

in diatom communities was observed both on the level of dominant species as well as the density

of the component species. The richness, abundance and diversity of epiphytic diatom communities,

were correlated with several factors, including physico-chemical properties of water (e.g. current

of water) and the type of thallus (developmental phase, apical or middle part of filament), which

are overgrown.

A small participation of other algae than diatoms competing for surface to attaching have provided

an opportunity for the further and more detailed research on the reason of their low effectiveness

in this rivalry.

Key words: diatoms, epiphytes, macroalgae



98

The ecological conditions and vegetation of the raised bog

near the Kamiennik Mt. (Western Karkonosze)

ŁOJKO RENATA*

UNIVERSITY OF WROCLAW, FACULTY OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, KANONIA 6/8, WROCŁAW, POLAND


The study presents the results of ecological research of subalpine ombro-soligenous saddle raised bog

situated on mountain pass in the western part of the Karkonosze. The saddle is located between

the Kamiennik Mt. and the Szrenica Mt. and crossed by the border of Poland and Czech Republic.

Digitalized borders of the mire were determined by basis of depth of the peat layer and type

of vegetation, plotted on orthophotomaps. Surface water samples were collected and electrical

conductivity (EC) and pH were measured. The water pH ranged from 3.97 to 4.26 and EC values

ranged between 19.3 and 34 µS*cm-1. The depth of the peat layer reached maximum value of 364 cm

for raised bog. The vegetation of mires was described by the phytosociological relevés with plant

abundances estimated visually as percentage cover in Braun-Blanquet scale and the map of actual

vegetation. The raised bog vegetation belongs to the Oycocco-Sphagnetea and Scheuchzerio-Caricetea

fuscae. At the border strip, the two communities - Politrychum commune-Molinietum caerulae

and community with the dominance of Nardus stricta have developed, which may indicate

degradation of this subalpine bog.

Key words: raised bog, vegetation, Karkonosze Mts.



99

Metagenomic analysis of antibiotic resistance genes and integrons

in ‘Ł ącza’ Wastewater Treatment Plant in Łężyca

MAKOWSKA NICOLETTA*, MOKRACKA JOANNA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND


The presence and persistence of antibiotic resistant bacteria are considered a growing public health

concern. There is increasing evidence that wastewater treatment plants play a major role

in the dissemination of bacterial antibiotic resistance determinants in the environment. Antibiotic

resistance genes (ARG) are regarded as xenogenetic pollutants, analogous to xenobiotic compounds,

but with the critical distinction that they replicate rather than degrade when released to natural

environments. Routine monitoring of water quality takes into account neither the presence of antibiotic

resistant bacteria nor the presence of ARGs.

The aim of study was to evaluate the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes and integrons in raw

sewage and effluent of ‘Łącza’ Wastewater Treatment Plant in Łężyca near Zielona Góra.

The quantity of integrons and other important resistance genes present in wastewater was assessed

by metagenomic approach. Additionally, multidrug resistant bacteria and those with the most

significant ARGs were cultured and identified.

The presence of class 1 integron integrase gene was noted for both raw sewage and effluent. In raw

sewage we determined also the presence of genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines, sulfonamides

and aminoglycosides. There were no statistical differences between the number of copies

of the abovementioned genes in different sampling sites.

Municipal wastewater and municipal wastewater treatment represent conduits for ARG flow

and a potential opportunity to ameliorate this reservoir of resistance. Metagenomic analyses create

the ability to combine quantitative data with the occurrence of culturable heterotrophic bacteria

and wastewater characteristics to provide a more complete profile of specific samples.

Key words: antibiotic resistance genes, metagenome, wastewater

The study was funded by Marshal’s Office of the Lubuskie Region project

no. DFS.VI.052.4.62.18.2013.



100

Chemical composition of water sources

in the north-west part of the massif Babia Góra

MALATA MAŁGORZATA*

AGH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,

FACULTY OF GEOLOGY, GEOPHYSICS AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION,

DEPARTMENT OF HYDROGEOLOY, AL. MICKIEWICZA 30, 30-059 KRAKÓW, POLAND


Babiogórski National Park is one of the oldest national parks in Poland. The Babia Góra range

is the highest one in the Polish Outer Carpathians. It is formed of Upper Cretaceous – Paleogene

flysch deposits represented by two types of lithostratigraphical successions folded and thrust

northward as the Magura Nape.

The range of Babia Góra is the most advanced to the north part of European drainage divide,

separating drainage area of the Baltic Sea from the drainage area of the Black Sea.

The basic hydrological features of Mt Babia Gora, such as: water balance, seasonal changes of water

resources, underground and surface waters were characterized. Large pure water resources and deep-

water circulation covering a large area, influenced by landslide morphology, are the basic hydrological

features of Mt Babia Góra. The largest amount of underground water accumulates in deeply fissured

Magura sandstone and in the thick layer of colluvial debris. The biggest number of springs occurs

in that area and the average yield of the most of them is high. On the northern slopes the most springs

can be found on the height between 900 and 1300 meters above sea level. These springs have almost

unchangeable temperature during the whole year from 2 to 30°C. Even during the summer their water

is very cold and does not exceed 40°C. Water flowing out of these springs is an origin of watercourses.

The network of streams on Mt Babia Góra is dense and they are mostly charged by underground

outflow. The Waterfalls (up to 5 m) are only on the northern slope. Unique feature of Mt Babia Góra

is a three hydrological altitudinal zones. The highest hydrological altitudinal zone determines water

resources in the whole area. Author gives short description of present hydrogeologic conditions based

on results of investigations under taken in 2012 and 2013. Anthropogenic changes in water conditions

are insignificant in the area.

Key words: Babiogórski National Park, geology, Carpathians



101

Concerning lampreys (Petromyzontiformes) taxonomy or about

hybridization and praecox form

MIKA DAWID*

LICEUM NR 3 IM. STANISŁAWA WYSPIAŃSKIEGO W JASTRZĘBIU-ZDROJU

WROCŁAWSKA 6, JASTRZĘBIE-ZDRÓJ, POLAND

*[email protected]

Among fishes (definied as "paraphyletic grade of non-tetrapod craniates") hybridization is common

among Osteichthyes, particulary several groups of Teleostei, like Cichlidae and Poecillidae, but very

rare in Chondrichtyes.

In the past occurence of lampreys (Petromyzontiformes - only group living today jawless craniates

with exception of hagfishes - Myxini) hybrids was in large degree underestimated. But, today is clear,

that hybridization in Petromyzontiformes is relative common.

In Scotish lake Loch Lemond live population of lampreys (called "resident Lampetra fluvialis"

intermediate in morphology between Lampetra planeri and anadromous Lampetra fluvialis. In the way

of experimental in vitro hybridization between three above mentioned species obtained offspring,

capable to survive at least to burrowing pro-larval stage (Hume et al., 2012). This indicate lack of

post-zygotic barriers to hybridization. Earlier likely experiments gained zygotes (Piavis et al., 1970),

but most of them failed before stage 8 (what may be result of low quality used gamets). Gene flow in

the way of naturally hybridization may explained existence "paired species" among

Petromyzontiformes (species similar morphological, but differ in adult stage lifestyle, for example -

Ichthyomyzon unicuspis and Ichthyomyzon fossor).

Another mystery of lampreys taxonomy is existence so-called normal (typical) and praecox form

(with smaller size, earlier matured and sprawned, lower fecundity, can either be anadromous or wholy

freshwater).

Key words: lampreys, hybridization, praecox and normal form



102

Mixotrophy as a survival strategy: the occurrence of the species

from the genus Dinobryon (Chrysophyceae) in some midforest lakes

MRÓZ PAULINA * 1,2, OWSIANNY PAWEŁ M. 1,3

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ:

1DIDACTIC AND SCIENTIFIC BRANCH IN PIŁA, KOŁOBRZESKA 15, 64-920 PIŁA, POLAND

2FACUTLTY OF BIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND

3FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF GEOECOLOGY AND GEOINFOTRMATION,

DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 61-680 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Flagellate golden algae (Chrysophyceae) are able to vertically move in the water, to find a good

habitat with convenient chemical and physical parameters. Species from the genus Dinobryon have

chloroplasts and they have growth ability in insufficient lights conditions and low level of nutrients

environments. Among the Dinobryon genus, there are many species having a phagocytic strategy

in addition to autotrophy. They ingestion of bacteria as a carbon source.

Investigation were performed in 2000-2001 and 2012-2013. We analyzed phytoplankton samples from

surface of the water, which was collected from several lakes located near of the Piła city. The water

reservoirs were characteristic by various proportion of forests and peatlands in catchments direct.

In the taxonomical researches species from the genus Dinobryon such as D. attenuatum (Hilliard)

Hilliard, D. bavaricum Imhof var. medium (Lemmermann) Krieger, D. cylindricum Imhof var.

palustre Lemmermann, D. cylindricum var. alpinum (O.E.Imhof) H. Bachmann, D. divergens

O.E.Imhof var. divergens, D. divergens var. schauinslandii (Lemmermann) Brunnthaler, D. pediforme

(Lemmermann) Steinecke, D. sertularia Ehrenberg var. protuberans (Lemmermann) H. Krieger,

D. sertularia Ehrenberg var. sertularia, D. sociale Ehrenberg, D. suecicum Lemmermann,

D. suecicum var. longispinum Lemmermann, D. acuminatum Ruttner were recorded.

Particularly D. divergens i D. sertularia were able to domination in phytoplankton of the water

ecosystems differing both pH and nutrients concentration. Ability to mixotrophic feeding

by Dinobryon may contribute to their providing a competitive advantage especially in oligotrophic

waters.

Key words: mixotrophy Dinobryon, Kuźnik Nature Reserve, phytoplankton, Piła



103

Assessment of suitability of selected pre-hydrolyzed coagulants

NOWACKA ANNA1*, WŁODARCZYK-MAKUŁA MARIA

2

1POLITECHNIKA CZĘSTOCHOWSKA, WYDZIAŁ INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA I BIOTECHNOLOGII,

INSTYTUT INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA, UL. BRZEŹNICKA 60A, 42-200, CZĘSTOCHOWA, POLAND 2 POLITECHNIKA CZĘSTOCHOWSKA, WYDZIAŁ INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA I BIOTECHNOLOGII,

KATEDRA CHEMII, TECHNOLOGII WODY I ŚCIEKÓW, UL. J.H. DĄBROWSKIEGO69, 42-200, CZĘSTOCHOWA, POLAND


The purpose of the present study was to assess the suitability of selected pre-hydrolyzed coagulants:

PAX XL 19H, FLOKOR 1,2A, FLOKOR 1ASW/B and FLOKOR 105V in water treatment. Water

samples subjected to coagulation were collected from selected water treatment plant after pre-

ozonation process. Instantaneous samples were taken in the summer season. True colour of water

amounted 9.0 mg Pt/L and turbidity was 13.93 NTU. UV254 and UV272 absorbance amounted 0.074

and 0.120, respectively. The study in laboratory scale was carried out with the usage of a six beaker

flocculator. Volumetric coagulation was performed in water samples of the volume of 1 L. Rapid-

mixing (3 min at the rotational speed of 200 rpm) was followed by 30 min slow mixing (at 30 rpm).

After coagulation the samples were subjected to 60 min sedimentation. The coagulant dose was

optimized for minimum turbidity, colour and UV254 absorbance values using conventional jar testing

procedures. The coagulation performance was examined with a range of dosages 2.0-3.0 mg Al/L.

The optimum dose of FLOKOR 1,2A amounted 2.6 mg Al/L. For the rest of pre-hydrolyzed

coagulants the doses was at the same level, i.e. 2.8 mg Al/L. Assessment of suitability of selected

coagulants was compared (for optimal doses) on the basis of selected water quality indicators, such as:

alkalinity, true colour, turbidity, residual aluminum, absorbance at 254 nm and dissolved organic

carbon (DOC). The removal efficiency of turbidity for PAX XL 19H, FLOKOR 1,2A, FLOKOR

1ASW/B and FLOKOR 105V was 83.7%, 82.0%, 91.8% and 91.2% respectively. After application

of FLOKOR 1ASW/B the best results for the chosen contaminant removal were obtained, more than

36.5% decrease of DOC and 59.5% decrease of UV254 absorbance. Also, the best results

in the removal of true color was obtained after the application of this formulation (decrease of 77.8%).

Key words: drinking water, coagulation, pre-hydrolyzed coagulants

The research was funded by the Project No. BS/MN-402-304/12, BS/MN-402-303/11



104

Precise determination of δ7 Li in natural waters by TIMS

PACEK ADRIAN*

MARIA CURIE-SKŁODOWSKA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS, PHYSICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE,

INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS, MASS SPECTROMETRY LABORATORY

PL. MARII CURIE-SKŁODOWSKIEJ 1, 20-031 LUBLIN, POLAND


The isotope ratio (7Li/ 6Li) of Lithium dissolved in groundwaters and surface waters has become

nowadays important geochemical indicator of the origin of their mineralization. In some mineral

waters in Poland, Li concentration exceeds significantly that of seawater i.e. 0.1 mg/L. Therefore

I have selected such mineral waters to study the origin of Li ions by analyzing the isotope ratio.

The isotopic composition of Li in a sample is expressed as δ7Li. By definition δ7Li is a relative

difference between the ratio of sample and the ratio of the L-SVEC lithium carbonate standard with

known 7Li/ 6Li = 12.173. So a higher δ7Li value indicates a relatively heavy isotopic composition.

The isotope ratio strongly depends on the source of lithium.

I did lithium isotope analysis using Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) method, which

is convenient especially for elements of the first group of the Periodic Table, due to their relatively

low ionization energy.

I selected for isotopic study famous mineral waters from Krynica (Zuber borehole), Wysowa

(Aleksandra), some brines from Carpathian Mts. and Forecarpathian region. The obtained results

of δ7Li are as follows: Aleksandra (Wysowa Spa) –3.2‰ ± 1.6‰, Bronisław (Wysowa Spa)

+4.0‰ ± 2.1‰, Zuber (Krynica Spa) +14.3‰ ± 1.7‰, iodide-bromide brine (Busko Spa)

+41.9‰ ± 6.1‰.

The results obtained for Carpathian Mts. waters (Paleogene-Neogene in age) fall into a low range

of marine pore waters, e.g. Zuber is lower in δ7Li by 20‰ than modern seawater. Two other

Carpathian waters from Wysowa Spa contain Li with much lower delta values. Extremely positive

δ7Li shows Jurassic brine from the Holy-Cross region (Busko Spa).

I presented these results for the first time on the Isotope Workshop organized by the European Society

for Isotope Research (ESIR) in Freiberg (Germany) in July 2013.

The method, sample preparation and results will be presented in details during the conference.

Key words: lithium isotopes, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), mineral waters.



105

Conception of inclusion flowing water recreation in the rural areas on the example of a small river on the Wielkopolska Lakeland

PAJCHROWSKA MARIA*, SZPAKOWSKA BARBARA

UNIWERSYTET PRZYRODNICZY W POZNANIU, KATEDRA TERENÓW ZIELENI I ARCHITEKTURY KRAJOBRAZU,

UL. DĄBROWSKIEGO 156, 60-694 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Small water bodies and different sizes water courses such as ditches, drainage canals, streams

and rivers are very important elements which differentiate the structure of the agricultural landscape.

These components are subject of intensive, anthropogenic impacts for a long time. In the case

of rivers, this activity consists of shortening and straightening of the river, cutting off meanders

and strengthening their troughs. Such actions disrupt the biological processes and limit the ability

of self-purification of water. It leads to deterioration of the quality of water flowing, which limits

possibility of their use. The aim of the study is to develop the concept of inclusion of a small lowland

river flowing through agricultural lands in the newly created recreation system. This action may

contribute significantly to increase the attractiveness of rural area.

The subjects of this study are Samica Stęszewska River (SSR) and new, made in 2013 land

development in the location Żarnowiec. The river is flows through the southern part

of the Wielkopolska Lakeland, on the border of three microregions: Poznań, Opalenica Plain

and Stęszewskie Lakeland. Source of the SSR is located in Tarnowo Podgórne community, then flows

through the locality: Dopiewo, Stęszew, Mosina. Recreation terrain in Żarnowiec (Dopiewo

community) has an area of 1.2 ha and is located in the middle course of the SSR. This leisure premise

consist of: convivial sheds, playground, outside gym, space for bicycles and small architecture.

Assessment of river water quality based on the literature, field and laboratory research. To compare

the course of the river over the years historical and topographic maps were used. In the middle section

of SSR within a multi-year significant changes in the course of the river bed were not found.

The disputation broach the importance of proper casing edges of the river by plants and correct

placement communication routes along its course.

Key words: water quality, small lowland river, rural area



106

Diatom diversity of aquatic ecosystems of the Magura National Park

as an indicator of water quality, threats and environmental changes

PESZEK ŁUKASZ*, PAJĄCZEK ANITA, KOCHMAN NATALIA

UNIVERSITY OF RZESZÓW, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND AGRICULTURE,

INTERNATIONAL DOCTORAL STUDIES IN NATURAL SCIENCES,

UL. ĆWIKLIŃSKIEJ 2, 35–601 RZESZÓW, POLAND


The material for this study was collected from April to October 2013 in the area of Magura National

Park (MNP) and its buffer zone on 14 study sites on Wisłoka River and selected tributaries. The aims

of the studies were (1) to indicate the factors influencing the differentiation of algal communities, (2)

to show the sources of pollution and threats to the aquatic environment, (3) use the bioindication

potential of diatoms to determine the ecological status of the investigated waters, (4) to study diatom

flora diversity.

Study area was located in the area of Podkarpackie and Małopolskie Province, in the center of Lower

Beskid. The main advantage of the study is its uniqueness due to the specific and varied terrain

features of the area concerned, different from other areas of the Polish Carpathians.

The studied rivers and streams in the area MNP and buffer zone were characterized by high species

richness of diatoms. The most taxa were recorded at sites on the Wisłoka River. Selected tributaries

were characterized by lower species richness, especially in its upper sections Achnanthidium

pyrenaicum was most numerous taxa, reaching in the upper sections of watercourses more than 60%

share in diatoms assemblage. In many study sites, A. minutissimum var. minutissimum was also

developed numerous, and A. catenatum in Wisłoka River. Gomphonema pumilum was the most

frequently developed diatom taxa in the upper section of Krempna stream, were it reach to 90%

of the total diatom numbers.

High and good ecological status of studied waters was determined.

Key words: diatoms, water quality, Magura National Park



107

Changes in the phytoplankton composition in the Maltański reservoir

and the inlet and outlet of the Cybina river to the reservoir

PIETRZAK ANDŻELIKA *, KOZAK ANNA




The aim of this study were qualitative and quantitative analyses of phytoplankton in the Maltański

Reservoir and at the inlet and outlet of the Cybina River to the Maltański Reservoir.

The Maltański Reservoir is situated in mid – western Poland directly in the course of Cybina River.

It covers an area of 64,5 ha (maximum depth 5m and mean depth 3,13m). This reservoir is a small,

shallow and eutrophic and it is used for sports and recreation.

Samples for analyses were collected in 2013 between April and July, at two–week intervals.

The phytoplankton samples were collected from the surface, 1m, 2m, 3m and at the inlet and outlet

of the reservoir. This samples were fixed with Lugol’s solution. Sedgwick – Rafter chamber

of a volume 0,46 ml was used for the analyses. Phytoplankton was examined under a light microscope

(CX21LED), at ×400 magnification.

During this study 138 taxa belonging to nine systematic groups were identified. During the studied

period were 99 species total identified. The dominant were Chlorophyceae (59 taxa), Chrysophyceae

(21), Bacillariophyceae (17) and Euglenophyceae (13).

The maximum phytoplankton abundance was noted in May at the outlet (44, 8 x 103 org/ml), while

the minimum abundance was noted in July at a depth of 3m (4, 1 x 103 org/ml).

During the studied period the most important group were: Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae

and Chrysophyceae. Bacillariophyceae and Chrysophyceae were dominated in April and May

(their contribution varied from 46 – 49% of all identified taxa). A significant increase in the abundance

of Chlorophyceae revealed in June (maximum abundance 14,11 x 103 org/ml) and July (35%

of all taxa).

There were substantial differences in the species composition in the Cybina River (inlet and outlet

of the reservoir) as well as changes in the phytoplankton quantity in the vertical profile of the reservoir

were noted.

Key words: phytoplankton, abundance, taxonomic composition



108

Epiphytic growth on the surface of different Cladophora species

PIKOSZ MARTA*, MESSYASZ BEATA, ŁEPKOWSKA KAROLINA




Cladophora surface is inhabited by large numbers of periphytic communities, mainly by diatoms

and also consists cyanobacteria and green algae. The degree of settlement aquatic plants by epiphytic

algae and diversity of periphyton communities depends on the type of surface. For example:

on the surface of Ulva, Chara, Rhizoclonium and Cladophora epiphytic algae develop greatest than

on Zygnematales mucilage cell wall.

The aim of this study was to describe the algae composition on the surface of four Cladophora species

from different water ecosystems in Wielkopolska region (Poland). C. rivularis and Cladophora sp.

were collected from midfield pond in Konojad, C. glomerata from rivers Samica Stęszewska, Nielba

and Mogilnica and C. globulina from artificial pond in Poznań.

Periphyton includes unicells and filaments grow attached to Cladophora rivularis, Cladophora

glomerata, Cladophora globulina and Cladophora sp. Other co-existing filamentous algae:

Oedogonium and Zygnematales were relativlely free of epiphytes. Cladophora glomerata from rivers

was frequently colonized by diatoms: Cocconeis, Tablellaria, Gomphonema and Diatoma species.

In contrast, Cladophora globulina collected from artificial pond (Poznań) was mostly overgrown

by green alga Aphanotecea. Pseudocharacium acumiantum was grew only on Cladophora sp. It was

also noted, that densy periphyton community covered Cladophora rivularis (natural pond) consists

largely of cyanobateria (Stigonema, Calothrix) green algae (Oedogonium) and diatoms (Diatoma,

Epithemia, Amphora).

Our results confirm fact, that architecture of macroalgae cell wall have significant influence

to epiphyton abundance and some factors may impact on the community composition. This study

indicate that Cladophora provide a good substrate for development of microperyphyton.

Key words: periphyton, Cladophora, Pseudocharacium acuminatum



109

Microorganisms in the brine and in the deep groundwater

POLATOWSKI MARCIN*, JARZĄB NATALIA *, WALCZAK MACIEJ

UNIWERSYTET MIKOŁAJA KOPERNIKA, WYDZIAŁ BIOLOGII I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA,

ZAKŁAD MIKROBIOLOGII ŚRODOWISKOWEJ I BIOTECHNOLOGII, LWOWSKA 1, 87-100 TORUŃ, POLAND

*corresponding authors: [email protected], [email protected]

Microorganisms are found in almost every habitat in nature. They can live in the air, in soil

and in either fresh or salt water environments as well. Bacteria were also isolated from the rocks

of geologically distant ages in groundwater and seas on their large depths. Those microbes play key

roles in geological processes. Geomicrobiology is an interdisciplinary field between geology

and microbiology. This branch of study deals with the role that microbes currently play on Earth

in a number of fundamental geological processes and have played in the past since the beginning

of life.

Deep groundwater such as brine is an atypical place to maintain life functions. This habitat

is considered as extremely difficult to exist. Microflora that is capable to live there must be adapted

to the specific pressure, temperature and chlorine/sodium concetration. Therefore, microorganisms

living in this type of water are classified as extremophiles due to severe conditions they are exposed

to.

Hereby, some microbiological analyses of brines of the Polish Lowland have been performed. This

research was based on an estimation of the total number of microorganism by direct counting

the bacteria under epifluorescence microscope. Methodology included also: viability test

(LIVE/DEAD), morphological examination, nutrient preference test and taxonomic affiliation using

molecular biology techniques. The results show that the bacteria identified in the brine intakes exhibit

a notable diversity in terms of their morphology and taxonomy.

Key words: bacteria, brine, deep groundwater



110

Usage algae extracts as a moisturizing factor in cosmetics

POŁANIECKA ANNA*, ŁĘSKA BOGUSŁAWA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ, FACULTY OF CHEMISTRY,

DEPARTMENT OF SUPRAMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY, UMULTOWSKA 89B, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND


Marine algae have found usage in cosmetology and cosmetics industry, they are abounding

in microelements, vitamins and minerals and have beneficial effect on skin condition (increase

elasticity, haleness, improve skin tone). Nowadays algae extracts are being used as an ingredient

of creams, body lotions, shower gels, face masks, shampoos and conditioners. Recently

cosmeceuticals have become very popular. Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic preparations containing

bioactive molecules, which have a significant effect on the skin. Compounds contained in algae can

act as active substances, what has been proven by numerous studies and tests done in recent years.

So far there have not been many studies concerning usage of freshwater algae in cosmetics industry.

The four extraction methods are most often used for obtaining extracts from seaweed, due to their

advantages. Soxhlet extraction is simple to conduct and relatively safe, microwave-assisted extraction

is more efficient, takes less time, supercritical fluid extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction

are also more efficient methods and useful for substances sensitive to high temperatures.

Key words: algae, cosmeceuticals, extraction, extracts



111

Human lymphocytes as a target cells during cylindrospermopsin exposure

PONIEDZIAŁEK BARBARA*, RZYMSKI PIOTR

UNIWERSYTET MEDYCZNY IM. KAROLA MARCINKOWSKIEGO, WYDZIAŁ NAUK O ZDROWIU,

KATEDRA BIOLOGII I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA, UL. ROKIETNICA, 60-806, POZNAN, POLAND


Freshwater cyanobacteria producing cylindrospermopsin (CYN) are observed to spread globally,

including temperate zone, and consequently increase risk of human exposure to this toxic metabolite.

However CYN was primary classified as hepatotoxin, it is already known to induce a wide range

of adverse effects in different type of cells and organs. Ingestion of CYN results in its regular

circulation with blood, therefore it can potentially affect the white cells responsible for immune

functions in eukaryotes. For this reason the effect of CYN (0.01-1.0 µg/ml) on human lymphocytes

isolated from 50 healthy donors and cultured in vitro was examined. We have demonstrated that CYN

is effectively up-taken by lymphocytes and can induce time and dose dependent alteration of their

functioning. CYN had a significant ability to inhibit cell proliferation resulting (maximally decreased

by 91% compared to control). Using flow cytometry it was also found that CYN induces a cell-cycle

arrest at G0/G1 and S-phase followed by decreased percentage of lymphocytes entering G2M phase.

It was also demonstrated that such cell-cycle block results in apoptosis induction preceded by increase

in reactive oxygen species production. Our investigation provides a new insight in CYN mechanism

of action, demonstrates that it can affect human before it even reach hepatocytes and strongly suggests

that this cyanobacterial metabolite can be classified as a potential immunotoxicant in human. Due

to increasing abundance of CYN-producers in surface freshwaters, these findings need

to be considered in the human health risk assessment.

Key words: cylindrospermopsin, toxicity, human lymphocytes



112

Choosing the lesser evil – trade-offs in behavioral responses to negative cues

PRZESMYCKA KAROLINA*, MOSKALIK SANDRA, KOZŁOWSKA ANNA,

DZIUBA MARCIN




Macrophytes as well as fish produce specific exudates that have an impact on daphnids behaviour.

Moreover, macrophytes can provide a suitable refuge for Daphnia from predation. However, earlier

research on submerged macrophytes proved their repellent influence on daphnids. Kairomones are

semiochemical substances produced and released to the environment by predator, in our case fish.

These signals inform other organisms about the presence of danger and can facilitate appropriate

reaction of the receiver. We hypothesize that both macrophyte and fish exudates will induce certain

changes in Daphnia behaviour, dependently on used experimental group. We expect that macrophytes

would be avoided by cladocerans as long as there will be no kairomones in the water. To test

the effects of the exudates on Daphnia, we designed a laboratory experiment in 1m long Perspex

tubes. The experiment consisted of a control group held in lake water, while the other groups

additionally contained the macrophyte, artificial plant and fish kairomones. Included factors were

present in different combinations, in daylight as well as in dark conditions.

Key words: Daphnia, exudates, migration



113

The level of concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater

surface layers in the vicinity of the storage of manure from cattle

RAWICKI KACPER*, MARCINIAK ANDRZEJ

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SCIENCE , WEST POMERANIAN CENTER,

CZESŁAWA 9, 71-504, SZCZECIN, POLAND


The aim of the study was to determine the level of contamination of the upper layers of groundwater

by nitrogen and phosphorus intakes collected in the vicinity of the storage of manure from cattle.

The results of the content of nitrate ions, ammonium ions and phosphate ions in the waters

of the Quaternary aquifer river catchment areas Gowienica.

The study was conducted during the growing season (April – November) 2013. Water samples were

collected from six shallow piezometers (from 3,5 to 6,0 m), including four located at sites storing

manure (dung plate, tanks for liquid manure and slurry), one of which is located on arable land

and one on permanent grassland. Water from individual piezometers were collected using a portable

pump dip to tight bottles. Chemical analyzes were performed in the laboratory of the West Pomeranian

Center ITP for water samples on the same day on which they were collected with photometric method.

The results of analysis showed that the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the waters

of the Quaternary aquifer, the catchment area of the river Gowienica, varies depending on the location

of water sampling. Six month working results (April – November 2013) show the nitrate ions,

ammonium ions and phosphate ions as well as electrolytic conductivity and pH in the upper layers

of groundwater classify the majority of the water intakes In the vicinity of cattle manure storage class

V groundwater quality. During the test water samples at points located in the vicinity of the storage

of natural fertilizers contain higher concentration of nitrogen ions, ammonium ions and phosphate ions

than on the basis of arable land and permanent grassland.

Key words: groundwater, nitrogen, phosphorus



114

An abrupt response of microbial communities to water table manipulation

in a Sphagnum peatland

RECZUGA MONIKA* 1,2,3, JASSEY VINCENT E.J. 4,5, BUTTLER ALEXANDRE4,5,

MITCHELL EDWARD A.D. 6, NEUMANN MAŁGORZATA1,2, SŁOWIŃSKI MICHAŁ

7,

LAMENTOWICZ MARIUSZ1,2

1ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES,

DEPARTMENT OF BIOGEOGRAPHY AND PALAEOECOLOGY, DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 61-680 POZNAŃ, POLAND 2ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES,

LABORATORY OF WETLAND ECOLOGY AND MONITORING, DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 61-680 POZNAŃ, POLAND 3ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ

4SWISS FEDERAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE WSL, SITE LAUSANNE, STATION 2, CH–1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND, 5ÉCOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (EPFL), LABORATOIRE DES SYSTEMES ÉCOLOGIQUES, STATION 2,

CH–1015 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND, 6UNIVERSITY OF NEUCHATEL, INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY, LABORATORY OF SOIL BIOLOGY,

AVENUE DU 1ER-MARS 26 CH–2000 NEUCHATEL, SWITZERLAND 7POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION,

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES AND GEOHAZARD, KOPERNIKA 19, 87-100 TORUN, POLAND


Introduction : Microbial communities living at the surface of peatlands play key roles

in biogeochemical processes including carbon and nutrient dynamics. Microorganisms are also very

sensitive to changes in environmental conditions such as climate warming, which, in turn affect

microbe-mediated functions. Given the huge amounts of carbon stored in peatlands and their potential

to act as continuous C-sinks, it is essential to understand how microbial communities and related

processes respond to ongoing climatic changes.

Aim: We analyzed the response of microbial community structure focusing on the main functional

groups (fungi, heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacteria, microalgae, rotifers, ciliates, testate amoebae

and nematodes) to in situ experimental water table manipulation.

Methods: The disturbance was achieved by manipulations of 1 m2 peat monoliths cut to a depth of 30

cm and placed back in the same place with three treatments 1) excavating + adding 10 cm of peat (dry

treatment), 2) excavating + removing 10 cm of peat (wet treatment), 3) excavating + no manipulation

on the water table (cut-control), 4) control with no disturbance (control).



115

Results: After two weeks, microbial community structure changed similarly in response to cutting

(cut-control) and wet treatments, and differed from the uncut control. These first results suggest that

cutting the peat disturbed the hydrology at the surface peat layer, increasing the water content

in the living vegetation layer and enhancing the density of hydrophilic organisms in these cut plots

alike. In dry plots this effect was counteracted by the lowering of the water table, producing similar

micro-environmental conditions to those experienced by uncut control plots.

Acknowledgment: Project supported by a grant PSPB-013/2010 from Switzerland through the Swiss

Contribution to the enlarged European Union.

Key words: microbial communities, Sphagnum-peatland, hydrological manipulation experiment



116

The impact of lake restoration on water quality of lowland river flowing

through the lake

ROSIŃSKA JOANNA*, DONDAJEWSKA RENATA, GOŁDYN RYSZARD,

GRZELCZAK JOANNA, RUSZKOWSKA-CICHOCKA BERNADETTA



*[email protected]

Cybina River is a small right-bank tributary of the Warta River in Poznań. Its springs are located near

the village Niekielka. The length of the river is ca. 41 km. The surface of catchment area is about

195.5 km2 (mostly agricultural). Cybina’s water quality is determined by character of drainage basin

as well as influence of many fish ponds and lakes situated in its course. One of them is Swarzędzkie

Lake, which has been restored since the autumn of 2011.

During two years of restoration (2012 and 2013) the monthly samples of water were collected from the

inflow and outflow of Cybina River just above and below Swarzędzkie Lake. Physical parameters,

such as temperature, oxygen saturation, conductivity, pH, were measured in the field. The samples

were preserved with chloroform and transported to the laboratory. Concentrations of nutrients (TN -

Total Nitrogen and TP - Total Phosphorus), chlorophyll a and total suspended solids contents were

analyzed there according to standard methods.

It was stated comparing the data obtained during the two-year study, that due to restoration measures

nutrients were cumulated in the lake, however, chlorophyll a and total suspended solids were moved

from the lake along with waters of Cybina River.

Key words: Cybina River, nutrients, restoration lake



117

Differentiation of freshwater Ulva (Ulvaceae; Chlorophyta)

RYBAK ANDRZEJ STANISŁAW*




The macroalgae representing a cosmopolitan Ulva genus (Ulvaceae, Chloropyta) have been found

in Polish inland water ecosystems since the middle of the 1800's. The presence of Ulva genus

in the waters of rivers, anthropogenic peat-pits and inland salt pans was explained by high salinity

of water in such ecosystems. In research, we sought to answer the following primary questions: (i)

What are relationships between chemical parameters of water and Ulva taxa that inhabit inland

habitats? and (ii) What are phylogenetic relationships between freshwater and marine taxa of Ulva?

The differentiation of freshwater Ulva taxa was assessed by means using classical morphological data

(39 specimens) and molecular techniques (included sequencing of the nuclear internal transcribed

spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and the chloroplast rbcL gene (21 specimens). Two groups

of macroalgae were selected out of 39 ecosystems: the first group settled in anthropogenic habitats

featuring high salinity levels, and the second group occurred in fresh or slightly saline waters. Ulva

flexuosa Wulfen, a single species representing the Ulva genus occurs in Polish inland waters. These

two groups of Ulva, which exhibit very different habitat demands, represent two separate taxa. first

Ulva flexuosa subsp. pilifera, which is a very common taxon, regularly encountered in fresh water but

equally well developed in slightly saline waters (23.25 – 265.0 mg Cl- L-1). The second is U. flexuosa

subsp. paradoxa, which is definitely a more uncommon taxon, preferring mainly salt-wedge saline

waters (6187.5 – 8317.3 mg Cl- L-1). The marine species and inland U. flexuosa taxa differed

considerably in the nucleotide sequences of two markers. On the basis of an analysis combining

morphological features with the ITS region and rbcL gen sequences, a small degree of differentiation

of the two inland taxa was demonstrated (BIP = 0.95; NJ analysis with bootstrap = 72%). The results

of this study provide detailed information on the characteristics of inland Ulva habitats and indicate

the niches where such populations are likely to occur.

Key words: Ulva, Chlorophyta, diversity

Andrzej Rybak received a scholarship as part of the project “Scholarship support for PhD students

specialising in majors strategic for Wielkopolska’s development”, Sub-measure 8.2.2, Human Capital

Operational Programme, co-financed by the EU under the European Social Fund. Andrzej Rybak

received a PhD fellowship from the Adam Mickiewicz University Foundation.



118

How can cylindrospermopsin contribute to ecological success

of blue-green algae?

RZYMSKI PIOTR1*, PONIEDZIAŁEK BARBARA

1, KOKOCIŃSKI MIKOŁAJ2

1POZNAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,

ROKIETNICKA 8, 60-806 POZNAN, POLAND 2ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, DEPARTMENT OF HYDROBIOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAN, POLAND


The biological role of cyanobacteria secondary metabolites is still scarcely known although several

possible hypotheses have been discussed. Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is produced predominantly

by nitrogen fixing species, inorganic phosphorus is therefore one of the main factors limiting and

regulating their development in the natural environment. We examined

the effect of cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and metabolites of non-CYN producing Cylindrospermopsis

raciborskii strain on growth, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and microcystin-LR (MC-LR)

production in Microcystis aeruginosa. CYN in concentrations of 10 and 50 µg L-1 induced toxicity

effects demonstrated by significant growth inhibition and M. aeruginosa cell necrosis. Lower

concentrations of CYN (1 and 5 µg L-1) slightly decreased growth rates but significantly up-regulated

ALP activity – the mechanisms typical for phosphorus starvation. Moreover production of MC-LR

(compound potentially involved in maintaining colony fitness) was strongly decreased under all

studied CYN concentrations. Spent C. raciborskii medium mimicked the CYN action by inducing

strong inhibition of M. aeruginosa growth and MC-LR production and through up-regulation of ALP

activity. On the other hand, spent M. aeruginosa medium did not affect C. raciborskii growth

and no alterations in ALP activity were observed. Co-culturing of these two species resulted

in an increase of C. raciborskii contribution at the expense of M. aeruginosa. From the results

we conclude that CYN can be involved in intraspecific competition in cyanobacteria and that non-

CYN producing C. raciborskii strains may produce a hitherto unknown bioactive compound(s) which

can mimic CYN action.

Key words: cylindrospermopsin, toxicity, human lymphocytes



119

Diatoms assemblages creating an image of one year period

in lake Łekneńskie

SEROKA DOMINIKA *, MESSYASZ BEATA

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY,


*[email protected]

Łekneńskie Lake is a shallow, hypertrophic reservoir situated between fields. Water of this lake has

a high fertility, which is confirmed by its hypertrophy, which is mirrored in high concentration

of chlorophyll-a and biomass of phytoplankton. In this type of lakes phytobenthos development

intensity depends primarily on depth of the research site and the availability of light radiation, which

is additionally limited by cyanobacterial blooms floating in the water. Furthermore, the movement

of water further hinder the colonization of the muddy sediment by epiphelic algae. The structure

of phytobenthos consists mainly of diatoms (about 90%), thus the aim of this study was to achieve

an image of the conditions in the lake during whole year thanks to indicating values of diatoms.

The study was conducted on Lake Łekneńskie (maximum depth 2.8 m, the water visibility – 10 cm,

blooms of Planktothrix agardhii). Material for phytobenthos analysis was sampled monthly for a year

(2012-2013) from different habitat types (sandy beach, muddy bottom within and away from a Typha

patch) by a sediment sampler Nurek, up to 5 cm of the surface layer. Ecological characteristics

of environment was prepared by a use of indexes of Denys (1992) and Van Dam et al. (1994),

by taking into account diatom assemblages properties like: environmental group (life form), pH,

trophic state, oxygen requirements, saprobity, salinity.

The main life form of diatoms during whole year was benthic diatoms. In all seasons of the year there

was a dominance of alkaliphilous (especially Navicula cincta (Ehr.) Ralfs. and Navicula clementis

Grun.), fresh brackish diatoms (dominance of Encyonema minutum (Hilse ex Raben.) D.G. Mann.

And N. cincta (Ehr.) Ralfs.). There was also an explicit preponderance of diatoms with moderate

oxygen requirements (above 50% saturation) during whole year, only during winter months more

specimens with low oxygen requirements (above 30% saturation) comparing to other season

of the year were noted. Continuous dominance of β-mesosaprobous and α-mesosaprobous species

was also observed (once again with a slight advantage in the winter months). Diatoms characteristic

for eutrophic environments were occured in the largest number during all seasons of the year.

Diatomaceous indexes used in this study confirmed that the ecological status of this reservoir is bad.



120

A comparison of flow velocities measured using an electromagnetic flow

meter and acoustic Doppler velocimetry

SKOWROŃSKA DAGMARA*

UNIWERSYTET PRZYRODNICZY W POZNANIU ,WYDZIAŁ MELIORACJI I INŻYNIERII ŚRODOWISKA,

KATEDRA INŻYNIERII WODNEJ I SANITARNEJ, ZAKŁAD INŻYNIERII WODNEJ, PIĄTKOWSKA 94, 60-995, POZNAŃ, POLSKA


Two laboratory tests were completed to compare the performance of an electromagnetic flow meter

of the flat sensor with that of an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV) in laboratory flume. Research

was particularly motivated by the need to verify the comparability of measurement instruments with

different technical specifications and the principle of one of the most popular measuring instruments

because of the care in selecting the instrument for the analysis of the flow velocities.

Measurements of instantaneous velocity were made in three hydrometric verticals at the selected point

for ADV and at three depths for electromagnetic flow meter, at two sites, one against models that

imitate the flexible vegetation, other behind these models. This method has been used to create other

measurement conditions- flow around wooden sticks simulating vegetation generates additional

turbulence. Comparison of mean velocity and standard deviations confirm the general agreement

between the electromagnetic flow meter and acoustic Doppler velocimeter. Slight divergence result

from different: arrangement sensors, sensing volume, signal reaction time and dimension

of measurements. The key conclusion for future applications is that the for this purpose both

technologies provide the comparable results.

Key words: flow velocity measurement, acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV), electromagnetic flow

meter



121

The effect of environmental factors on structure of phytoplankton

in the lower Odra River

SŁUGOCKI ŁUKASZ *, GOŹDZIK IWONA, PILECKA-RAPACZ MAŁGORZATA,

CZERNIAWSKI ROBERT, DOMAGAŁA JÓZEF

UNIWERSYTETY OF SZCZECIN, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY,

FELCZAKA 3C, 71-412, SZCZECIN, POLAND


Comparison of phytoplankton composition from selected sites in the lower Odra River was done

to determine whether the effects of heated water are strongest, from the considered environmental

factors. Samples of phytoplankton were collected in April, July and October 2009-2011 at five sites

along the lower section of the Odra River. The most pronounced differences between

the phytoplankton at the sites were revealed in the phytoplankton abundance and they were related

to the time of water retention, washing out of plankters from slack waters, predation by molluscs

and zooplankton. The strongest correlations were found between the phytoplankton abundance,

the content of inorganic nutrients and temperature. Taxonomic compositions of phytoplankton at all

sites in the same months were similar. Cooling water from the power plant seems to accelerate

eutrophication in discharge but have no significant impact on phytoplankton composition downstream

the Odra River.

Key words: phytoplankton, large river, cooling water



122

Ecological management of rainwaters – green roofs

SOBCZYK MAŁGORZATA*

CZESTOCHOWA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY,

FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY,

INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, UL. J. H. DĄBROWSKIEGO 69, 42-201 CZĘSTOCHOWA, POLAND


The management of rainwater in times of continuous development for urban areas

is to prevent the formation of floods terrains, as well as balance the water cycle. Ecological use

of rainwater, which is part of the concept of sustainable development can improve water

management in urban areas, which was presented in the work. Green roofs serve several

purposes for a building, such as absorbing rainwater, providing insulation, creating a habitat

for wildlife, and helping to lower urban air temperatures and mitigate the heat island effect.

The presentation will include information on:

− advantages of the use of green roofs,

− balance of rainwater in urban areas of the building with a green roof (comparison

to the building with traditional roof) in urban areas,

− example of runoff hydrographs of stormwater discharged from the green roof and from

the traditional roof (simulations using SWMM5 software).

The use of eco roofs for sewage economy can reduce amount of runoff and increases amount of green

areas and thus improve the aesthetics of urban areas. This technology depending on the structure

eliminates or reduces the amount of discharge of rainwater from roof surfaces and can be used both

for new buildings and existing ones.

Key words: green roofs, rainwater, program SWMM5



123

Dominant species in cyanobacteria community of the northern part

of Strzeszyńskie Lake

STACHOWIAK E.*, KAŹMIERSKA A., SZELĄG-WASIELEWSKA E.

ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF WATER PROTECTION



Cyanobacteria are the dominant component of the phytoplankton in many freshwater environments.

Similarly in the Strzeszyńskie Lake, situated in northwest part of Poznań, this group was numerous,

especially in the period of summer. Among the most abundant taxa was Pseudanabaena species. This

are poorly known filamentous cyanobacteria belonging to the order of Oscillatoriales. These species

occur and can form blooms in eutrophic water bodies. That is why in this study, we analyzed

the abundance, biomass and percentage contribution of Pseudanabaena in the total phytoplankton.

Water samples were taken from June to August 2012 at the deepest part of Strzeszyńskie Lake from

surface to the bottom (every second meter). Picophytoplankton was analyzed by fluorescence

microscopy and image analysis. Nano- and microphytoplankton were counted using an inverted

microscope after sedimentation in 14 ml chambers. In picophytoplankton (0.2–2 µm) dominated

the species of genus Aphanocapsa, then within nano- (2–20 µm) and microphytoplankton (>20 µm)

genus Pseudanabaena. The average abundance of Pseudanabaena minuta ranged from 0,96×103 cells

· ml-1 in July to 20×103 cells · ml-1 in August. The highest number of cells was found at the depths

of 10 and 12 meters. The maximum value (13.7×104 cells · ml-1) was noted in August in metalimnion

(10 m) which represents 86 % of total phytoplankton abundance. These results indicate the cumulation

of cyanobacteria at the deeper part of water (meta- and hypolimnion) in the Strzeszyńskie Lake.

This situation was observed also in other lakes in Poland.

Key words: Pseudanabaena, cyanobacteria, vertical distribution



124

Influence of natural factors and anthropopression on transformations,

current state and future changes of lakes in Drawienski National Park

STASZAK AGATA*


INSTYTUT GEOEKOLOGII I GEOINFORMACJI, ZAKŁAD GEOEKOLOGII, UL. DZIĘGIELOWA 27, 61-680, POZNAŃ, POLAND


Project titled „Influence of natural factors and anthropopression on transformations, current state

and future changes of lakes in Drawienski National Park” is realized as a PhD project. This study

includes the results of investigations carried out on the four lakes: Płociczno, Głodne Jeziorko

(Drawienski National Park), Korytnica and Grażyna which were made in December 2013 and will

be repeated seven times in different seasons (2014 and 2015). Results of hydrochemical analysis

includes: pH, conductivity, ions, suspension, phosphorus and other water quality parameters (using

spectrometer and chromatograph). Research will be complemented by sediments analyses –

geochemistry and diatom analysis. Results of paleoecological analyses will help to reconstruct history

of changes of chosen lakes in Holocene. This study was primarily designed to make an individual

environmental monitoring program for the selected lakes.

Poster includes description of study area, review of the literature, methods and schedule of field

research and laboratory analyses.

Key words: lakes, hydrochemistry, environmental monitoring



125

Technical Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

in South Poland

STYPUŁA SEBASTIAN*, PRZYWARA LUCYNA

UNIVERSITY OF BIELSKO-BIALA, FACULTY OF MATERIALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES,


CHAIR OF PROCESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY, 2 WILLOWA ST., BIELSKO-BIALA 43-309, POLAND


The aim of the presented paper was the analysis of the technical effectiveness of municipal wastewater

treatment plant localized in South Poland, based on biological treatment technology by activated

sludge method.

The wastewater treatment effectiveness was estimated on the basis of the reduction achieved

in wastewater treatment parameters: chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand

(BOD5), total suspended solid (TSS) and two eutrophic properties: general nitrogen and general

phosphorus. Wastewater treatment plant receives a nominal average inflow of 5200 m3/d of which

about 33% is industrial wastewater and 67% municipal wastewater. The wastewater treatment works

receives domestic and industrial effluent from the city (70% of inhabitants) and from the municipality

(80% of inhabitants). The bases for evaluation elaboration were data allowed by a user of the object.

There were available elaborated designs and on results of laboratory studies treated and not treated

wastewaters, coming from years: 2009 – 2012. The basic elements of process line are mechanical

and biological steps. The sewage treatment is a three-stage biological process with simultaneity

removal nutrients. During biological treatment, bacteria circulate between different process zones

which provide them with specific living conditions. The different zones use aerobic, anoxic

and anaerobic conditions utilizing different biological processes for the removal of organic matter

and nutrients, such as Nitrogen and Phosphorous.

On the basis of the carried out research, the following average effectiveness of pollutants’ removal

was found: BOD5 – 97.67%, COD – 95.01%, total suspended solids – 97.36%, general nitrogen –

88.61%, general phosphorus – 94.86%. The actual mechanical and biological conditions

of the municipal treatment plants permits to obtain a satisfactory effectiveness of their work. Values

of parameters in the treated wastewater were lower then values presented in the water-law permission.

Key words: municipal treatment plant, treatment efficiency



126

Changes in water quality of Maltański Reservoir

in the first year after filling

SZCZEPANIAK S., DONDAJEWSKA R.*



*[email protected]

Malta is a man-made reservoir created in 1952 by damming the Cybina River, located on the right

bank of Warta River in the city of Poznan. Due to its location close to the center of a big city, it is used

for recreational purposes and retention. The reservoir is small (65 ha), shallow (depth of 3.1 m),

polimictic. The quality of the water is affected by the location in the city center, an agricultural nature

of the Cybina River catchment, point and nonpoint sources of contamination as well as water flowing

from eutrophic ponds in zoological garden. Every four years the reservoir is emptied and filling,

allowing to lead biomanipulation as one of the restoration methods. The second treatment

is phosphorus inactivation using PIX.

The aim of studies was the assessment of water quality changes in Maltanski Reservoir in the first year

after filling. The research was conducted in the period from spring to autumn 2013, with the frequency

of every two weeks and included selected physico-chemical and biological water parameters

in the reservoir and the inflowing and outflowing Cybina River. The results were compared with

the data from 2005 and 2009, also the first years after the spring filling of the reservoir.

In 2005 and 2009 clear water phase was observed, with water transparency up to 3.8 m. Chlorophyll-a

content indicated the higher values on 2005 (125.7 g l-1), whilst in 2009 and 2013 all noted

concentrations in surface water layer did not exceed 40 g l-1. Differences between analyzed years

were also observed in total phosphorus concentration – the mean value in 2005 was 0.22 mg P l-1,

decreasing in 2009 and 2013 to 0.12 mg P l-1.



127

Changes in the phytoplankton community of lake Uzarzewskie

in spring and autumn 2013

SZCZEŚNIAK JOANNA*, KOZAK ANNA




Lake Uzarzewskie is a natural body of water located in a Uzarzewo village in Poznań County.

It is a kettle-shaped lake which water surface area covers only 10,6 ha and its greatest depth reaches

7,3 m. The lake belongs to the dimictic, bradymictic category, which means that its water mixes twice

a year (in the spring and autumn). Due to the inflow of nutrients coming from sewage from the sewage

treatment plant, lake Uzarzewskie is considered to be a hypertrophic lake. The lake Uzarzewskie has

been the subject of restoration since 2006.

The aim of the study was to analyze quantitative and qualitative structure of the phytoplankton

community in spring and autumn 2013.

The samples from the middle of the lake were collected in April and October 2013. Samples were

taken by 5 l volume sampler from the surface and the depth of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6m. Then they were

preserved with the Lugol’s solution for microscopic analysis. Unicellular species and colonial

organisms were counted in Sedgwick–Rafter chamber (its volume was 0,422 ml), with an Olympus

light microscope at a magnification of 400×.

In the April (Spring) the most abundant group was chrysophytes. In this group the most numerous

were Chrysococcus triporus and Synura uvella. In October (autumn) the most abundant group were

cryptophytes and diatoms. In this period the most numerous species were Cryptomonas marssonii,

C. reflexa, Rhodomonas lacustris and Stephanodiscus hantzchii.

Key words: Phytoplankton composition, Lake Uzarzewskie, Phytoplankton abundance



128

Installation for combined sea water desalination and cooling –

- adsorption bed simulation

TOMKÓW ŁUKASZ *

POLITECHNIKA WROCŁAWSKA, WYDZIAŁ MECHANICZNO-ENERGETYCZNY, INSTYTUT INŻYNIERII LOTNICZEJ,

PROCESOWEJ I MASZYN ENERGETYCZNYCH, ZAKŁAD AUTOMATYKI I KRIOGENIKI,

WYBRZEŻE WYSPIAŃSKIEGO 27, 50-370 WROCŁAW, POLSKA


This work contains simulation results of an adsorption bed for the combined sea water

desalination/cooling production installation. Such installation uses the principle of operation

for adsorption refrigerator. It operates in two phases. During the first phase salt water is adsorbed

by an adsorption bed which is held in environment temperature. This process causes its pressure

and temperature to decrease, thus producing cooling power. During the second phase adsorption bed

is heated up and adsorbed water (from which any impurities are removed) is released into another

tank. This process is known as regeneration and produces fresh water.

The program has been written for the simulation of heat and mass transfer within adsorption bed

of described installation. The effect of different bed materials and geometries on the process efficiency

has been investigated. It is crucial to obtain as fast exchange process as possible in order to maximize

fresh water and cooling power output.

Installations similar to the one described in work are already in operation, especially in the Persian

Gulf region. They provide them air conditioning and fresh water in ecological and efficient manner.

Significant further development of this technology is anticipated.



129

Structure of Rotifera community and assessment of trophic

and saprobic conditions of Lake Łysy Młyn near Poznań

TUREK IWONA*, WIŚNIEWSKA MAŁGORZATA, KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN NATALIA




Lake Łysy Młyn, located within the area of the Łopuchówko Forestry near Poznań (Wielkopolska)

was examined in 2012 in order to identify the structure of the Rotifera community. Zooplankton was

sampled in three replicates from randomly chosen places within each sampling site. Samples were

collected from the open water zone and from among a macrophyte-dominated area – a stand

of Phragmites australis. The collected material was thickened with the use of a 45-µm plankton net

and fixed immediately with 4% formalin.

43 rotifer species, belonging to 11 families were identified in total from all studied stations. Only

16 species occurred at both sites, which accounted for 38% of the taxonomic structure.

Additionally, physical-chemical parameters of water were analysed so as to assess the trophic

conditions of the investigated water body. Carlson's (1977) Trophic State Index (TSI) was applied,

taking into consideration total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll a concentration (Chl). The results

of the TSI index classified the waters of Lake Łysy Młyn as eutrophic, which has also been proved

by the presence of typically eutrophic rotifer species such as: Anuraeopsis fissa, Brachionus angularis,

Brachionus calyciflorus, Keratella cochlearis f. tecta and Trichocerca pusilla.

Another analysis concerned the assessment of the level of organic matter pollution of the studied lake,

which was made based on the saprobic index developed for Rotifera by Sládeček (1983).

For the calculation of the saprobic index dominant species were selected. As a result of this analysis,

conducted for both sites, similar results were obtained. The waters of Lake Łysy Młyn were classified

as oligo-beta-mesosaprobic.

Key words: Rotifera, eutrophic conditions, pollution

This work was supported by the Polish Committee for Scientific Research (KBN) under grant

no. N N305 042739.



130

Selection of culture medium for Pediastrum boryanum in biosorption

of heavy metals from industrial wastewater

URBAŃSKA MAŁGORZATA1*, LENARCZYK JOANNA

2, MIKLASZEWSKA BEATA1

1KAZIMIERZ WIELKI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCE, INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNIOLOGY, CHODKIEWICZA 30, 85-064 BYDGOSZCZ, POLAND 2POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, W. SZAFER INSTITUTE OF BOTANY, DEPARTMENT OF PHYCOLOGY,

LUBICZ 46, 31-512 KRAKÓW, POLAND

* corresponding author: [email protected]

Due to biopolymers, called algaenans, in cell walls of Pediastrum boryanum the microscopic green

alga has a potential for biosorption of heavy metals. The aim of the study was quantitative

and qualitative assessment of P. boryanum growth in various culture media. 4 types of media were

performed, each with a different set of nutrients: Knop, Jankowski, Lefèvre and L-S2T2. The cultures

were executed two times, each time for 21 days at 24°C under a 16:8 light:dark regime, in conical

flasks of capacity 300 ml containing 200 ml of a medium.

The following criteria for assessing the impact of medium composition on P. boryanum population

were used: a qualitative analysis of its coenobia under light microscope, measurements of a number

of coenobia in Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber and dry weight at the end of the culturing processes.

The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the U Mann-Whitney test. The results

at the level of p<0.05 were assumed as statistically significant.

The best culture medium for P. boryanum with its potential use for biosorption process is the Knop

medium. The number of coenobia in that medium was higher than in the other ones at the p-value

choosen. The qualitative analysis showed that the best morphologically developed coenobia were also

obtained in the Knop medium. There was revealed that the Jankowski medium is not suitable

for P. boryanum culturing.

Key words: biosorption, microalgae, Pediastrum, culture medium



131

Geochemical research of river sediments

WACHOWIAK W. 1*, NIEDZIELSKI P. 2

1UNIWERSYTET IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA, WYDZIAŁ NAUK GEOGRAFICZNYCH I GEOLOGICZNYCH,

ZAMIEJSCOWY OŚRODEK DYDAKTYCZNY W PILE, UL. KOŁOBRZESKA 15, 64-720 PIŁA, POLAND 2UNIWERSYTET IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA, WYDZIAŁ CHEMII, ZAKŁAD ANALIZY WODY I GRUNTÓW,

UL. UMULTOWSKA 89B, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND

Seeking geochemical markers of sediments that will help to identify the origin of the sediments

and the processes taking place after their deposition. Chemical composition of the surface layer

of sludge is influenced by a number of natural and anthropogenic factors. The concentration

of elements is constantly changing over time, which results from, among others, the exchange

of components between water and sediment due to the changes in the physicochemical conditions

in the environment. They result in the different content of forms of an element in the tested object,

and therefore its total content does not provide relevant information on the riverbed sediments. Within

the project the forms of the selected elements will be tested and their geochemical markers will

be determined ("finger print"). Speciation analysis of various forms of elements will be complemented

with the analysis of the total content of the selected elements (Ca , Mg , Fe, Mn, Zn , Pb, Cd).

It is planned to conduct tests on about 45 samples of riverbed sediments collected from the middle

stream of the Parsęta river. Based on their results, the hypothesis will be tested to find out whether

the content of the forms of the selected elements may be an indication of the origin of sediments.

It will also be attempted to determine whether the forms of the selected elements and the content

and correlations of fully marked elements may provide an explanation of the processes occurring

in the sediments after their deposition on the riverbed.



132

The role of rainfall in cleansing the atmosphere from organic and elemental

carbon in the seaside region

WITKOWSKA AGNIESZKA*, LEWANDOWSKA ANITA, FALKOWSKA LUCYNA

UNIWERSYTET GDAŃSKI, INSTYTUT OCEANOGRAFII, WYDZIAŁ GEOGRAFII I OCEANOGRAFII

AL. MARSZAŁKA PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378 GDYNIA, POLSKA

[email protected]

Sampling of wet atmospheric deposition using the battle collectors was performed in Gdynia

on the roof of the Institute of Oceanography building between 20 April to 19 September 2012.

The period of collector exposure depended on precipitation time and minimum volume of precipitation

sufficient for chemical analyses. Besides pH and conductivity measurements samples were analyzed

for organic and elemental carbon.

In the atmosphere carbon is classified as elemental and organic carbon mainly. Elemental carbon (EC)

is emitted to the atmosphere as primary aerosol during incomplete combustion of biofuels, fossil fuels

and biomass. Organic carbon (OC) can be present in both primary and secondary aerosols. Primary

OC is formed during combustion processes, including unleaded gasoline combustion, biomass burning

and agricultural activity. In addition, it can be emitted into the atmosphere as spores, pollens

or particles of soil. Secondary OC originates from oxidation and gas-to-particle conversion of volatile

organic compounds (VOC). Both fractions can be removed via wet deposition from the ambient air.

The aim of this study was to clarify the role of rainfall in cleansing the atmosphere in the urbanized

coastal zone of the Baltic Sea from organic and elemental carbon. The average concentration

of organic carbon in rainfall was 12,5 µg·dm-3 with the minimum and maximum values ranged

between 2,5 and 35,8 mg·dm-3, respectively. Content of elemental carbon in the rainfall was at least

one order of magnitude smaller than of organic carbon. Its average concentration was 0,6 mg·dm-3

with the minimum and maximum values below detection limit of the method and 2,19 mg·dm-3

respectively.

Keys words: carbon organic, carbon elemental, rainfall



133

Environmental factors determining similarity of Rotifera communities

of small water bodies

WIŚNIEWSKA MAŁGORZATA*, KUCZYŃSKA-KIPPEN NATALIA , PIASECZNA AGATA



The rotifer community structure often reflects the variation in the environmental factors both within

the water body and the surrounding catchment area. Apart from many physicochemical parameters,

which are responsible for shaping the living conditions of the zooplankton community inhabiting

ponds, the location of ponds (referring to the distance between particular water bodies) as well

as morphometric features of ponds may be of a great importance.

The aim of the present study was to compare the rotifer species composition among different types

of ponds, using the Jaccard index, located across the Wielkopolska and Kujawsko-pomorskie regions.

The research was carried out on 15 ponds, differing in size, depth, abiotic parameters of water

and the type of direct land use (field, forest and urban).

Comparing the rotifer species number and their similarity between the examined small water bodies,

in respect to the environment factors, some significant differences were obtained. However, ponds

situated within a short distance and with similar morphology were characterised by the highest

similarity index of rotifer communities (Jaccard index: max 0.80).

Keywords: rotifers, ponds, Jaccard index

This research work has been financed by the Polish State Committee for Scientific Research

in 2010-2014 as research project N N305 042739.



134

The land use structure in the Luciąża River catchment

in the context of water protection

WŁODARCZYK RENATA*

UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,

DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, 12/16 BANACHA STR., 90-237 LODZ, POLAND


The land use structure and its changes are important factors influencing water resources quality

and quantity. Recognition of the main types of land use and the direction of their changes can be used

as the basis to propose and implement programs to protect the natural environment with particular

emphasis on water resources.

The aim of this study was to present land use structure in the Luciąża River catchment for the years

1995-2005. Land use and its changes were analyzed on the basis of the statistics published in the Local

Data Bank CSO (Central Statistical Office). The following categories of land use were selected

to the study: agricultural land, forests and forest land, other land and wasteland. The analyses showed

that during the study period the main type of land use was the agricultural land. High share (65,38%)

of agricultural land in the Luciąża River catchment indicates that it may potentially generate large

loads of nitrogen and phosphorus from agriculture. Structural changes in the catchment included

expansion of the other land and wasteland and forests at the expense of the reduction of agricultural

land.

Key words: agricultural land, land use, Luciąża River



135

Effect of land occupation on actual flow hydrograph determined

with the rainfall-runoff mode.

Case study: upland river basin area of Nida, Poland

WOLSKI KRZYSZTOF*, ŚLIWI ŃSKA KAROLINA

WROCŁAW UNIVERSITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND LIFE SCIENCES, THE FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

AND GEODESY, PL. GRUNWALDZKI 24A, 50-365 WROCŁAW, POLAND


Forms of land occupation have effect on actual flow hydrograph of rivers. This paper presents results

of our investigations carried out with HEC-HMS computer analysis tool, that makes use of rainfall-

runoff model. Our calculations have been performed for Łososina- river that is left-bank tributary

of Nida river located in Świętokrzyskie Province.

In our approach, we have followed the method described by the DVWK standard.

Based on the average rainfall we have determined hourly precipitation distribution.

In order to determine the required Curve Number Parameter (CN is a hydrologic parameter used

in the procedure of calculating rainfall-runoff models), the Łososina basin area has been investigated

in sufficient details for diversification of the soil quality class and for particular kind of land use.

With some assumptions applied to average soil moisture content conditions and rainfall of certain

probability in the basin area, the flow hydrograph was calculated for the depositional zone only.

The calculated uncalibrated results have been calibrated with a reference to the stream gauge readouts

in a Bocheniec (located at 3,2 kilometer along the Łososina riverside).

Making use of experiences gained with our studies on the subject presented above, we have proposed

similar models for a few hypothetical land occupation models in the river basin area. Hydrographs

for actual environment and for transformed to the other likely forms were compared.

Key words: HEC-HMS, rainfall-runoff model, land use



136

The water quality assessment of Żwirownia reservoir

(Rzeszów, Wisłok river basin)

WÓJCIK MAGDALENA*

UNIWERSYTET RZESZOWSKI, WYDZIAŁ BIOLOGICZNO-ROLNICZY, KATEDRA BIOLOGII ŚRODOWISKA,

UL. ZELWEROWICZA 4, 35-959 RZESZÓW, POLAND


The aim of the work was to determine the water quality of the reservoir by selected physico-

chemical (e.g.: temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, conductivity, redox potential, NH4+, NO3

-,

NO2-, PO4

3-, Cl-) and microbiological parameters. Sanitary quality of water was examined by a bacteria

headcount of the E. coli group and Streptococcus. The floodplain terrace of the Wisłok had been

exploited as a source of gravel and following the creation of the reservoir a recreational water area has

been established there. The water samples have been taken from four sites and the analysis took from

April to December 2011. Physico-chemical parameters of water were mostly in the acceptable range,

being characteristic for clean water. The higher concentrations of nitrite ion were noticed. The overall

number of bacteria, especially psychrophiles and mesophiles, showed an increase in summer.

The results shows the highest concentration of the E. coli group and Streptococcus in July

and December. An increased chlorophyll a content, as well as higher amounts of cyanobacteria,

indicate reservoir eutrophication. The relatively good chemical quality of the water was reduced

by the biological and microbiological parameters, which presents a potential endangerment

for the local populace.

Key words: physico-chemical parameters, bacteria, eutrophication



137

Into deep water: what happens to the rodents during rainfall?

WRÓBEL ALEKSANDRA *, OSIECKA ANNA

UNIWERSYTET IM. ADAMA MICKIEWICZA, INSTYTUT BIOLOGII ŚRODOWISKA

ZAKŁAD ZOOLOGII SYSTEMATYCZNEJ, UL. UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND

*corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]

Animal activity can be greatly influenced by factors inconstant in time and space. Precipitation, which

belongs to this group, is referred to as one of the most important exogenous density-independent

factors. Explaining animal behavior linked to specific atmospheric conditions is essential to truthfully

describe population parameters and unveil the real interactions between species and their environment.

Rodent groups are a significant food base for many predators, and so actively strive to minimize

predation risk. Therefore a certain plasticity of daily activity can be observed in regard to risk

estimating factors such as precipitation. Some studied showed that rodent activity is connected with

i.a. humidity, and rain acts as the capture regulator. For example, mice and voles are more active

during warm, rainy nights. It is suggested that rain plays a role in concealing the sounds and odors

of rodents. This, in turn, dramatically decreases predation risk, and so is commonly used by rodents.

However, precipitation can also lower the animal activity. E.g. low activity of the hazel dormouse

leads to low food intake, and lengthened rainfall results in delayed breeding and decreased survival

rates.

Also the snow can influence winter survival and daily activity in a significant manner. However,

the snow cover only has a positive influence at low temperature: at higher and/or more unstable

temperature it may put rodents’ survival into hazard. This phenomena is then mirrored in whole

ecosystems, as rodent populations often drive the ecological processes.

Precipitation influences rodent activity in different geographical zones. Nevertheless, the strength

of this influence not only depends on both species and its ecosystem. The effects of atmospheric

conditions are usually dependent on the ecological context. Often such behavioral plasticity is due

to the minimization of a predation pressure to which practically all rodent species are exposed.

Key words: rodent activity, rain impact, snow cover



138

Glyphosate in the bottom sediment of the southern part of the Baltic Sea

ZAKRZEWSKA DANUTA*, GRACA BOŻENA


ZAKŁAD CHEMII MORZA I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA MORSKIEGO, AL. PIŁSUDSKIEGO 46, 81-378, GDYNIA, POLAND


Glyphosate (GLY) is one of the most commonly used herbicide considered to be non-toxic. During

the last decade the number of studies indicating its negative influence on living organisms increased.

GLY readily undergoes sorption. Its half-life in soil was estimated on about one and half months,

and depends on sorption complex properties as well as microbial activity.

Despite widespread use, the concentrations of GLY in the water as well as in the bottom sediment

of the Baltic Sea are not known. The main aim of this study was investigation of GLY distribution

in the surface sediments of the southern part of the Baltic Sea. Additionally the impact of geochemical

properties (redox potential, humidity, organic matter, granulometry) and season on content of GLY

was determined. Samples from coastal zone were collected from surface layer of sediments (0-5 cm).

Samples from offshore area were 30 cm long cores. The pesticide was determined using

spectrofotometric method (λ=435 nm).

In the coastal zone glyphosate concentration vary from 30 µg*g-1d.s. to 307 µg*g-1d.s.

and in the offshore regions from 35 µg*g-1d.s. in the deep layer to 2949 µg*g-1d.s. on the surface layer

of sediment. Linear, positive correlation was noticed between concentration of GLY and organic

matter in sediments (r=0,82; LOI=0,3472+0,0073*C; p=0,00). GLY concentration in surface sediment

of coastal zone did not vary significantly from season to season (ANOVA Kruskal–Wallis test,

p=0,67).

Obtained concentration of GLY are much higher than those noticed in soil and fresh water sediments.

This could be result of high consumption of GLY and subsequent high its delivery in the suspended

form to the marine environment from the catchment area. Furthermore results suggest that in marine

sediments GLY is more refractory than expected. Nevertheless we cannot exclude that results

are overstated, because reference materials were not used. Therefore this subject requires further

studies.

Key words: glyphosate, Baltic Sea



139

First record of marine tardigrade Batillipes noerrevangi Kristensen, 1978

from Poland (Puck Bay)

ZAWIERUCHA KRZYSZTOF1*, GRZELAK KATARZYNA

2, KOTWICKI LECH2,

KACZMAREK ŁUKASZ1, KOLICKA MAŁGORZATA

1

1ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY IN POZNAŃ, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY, INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY,

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL TAXONOMY AND ECOLOGY, UMULTOWSKA 89, 61-614 POZNAŃ, POLAND 2POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF MARIN BIOLOGY,

POWSTAŃCÓW WARSZAWY 55, 1-712 SOPOT, POLAND


Marine tardigrades are successful component of marine benthic communities. They have been found

from intertidal zone to abyssal depths, inhabit all sediments type, and different substrates e.g. rocks,

algae other animals such as barnacles. Currently, ca. 183 known tardigrades species (and subspecies)

are marine (Appeltans et al. 2012).

Batillipes is the most common marine tardigrade genus described by Richters (1909) with twenty six

described valid species, what makes it the most numerous genus in Arthrotardigrada order. Batillipes

has a worldwide distribution, with many localities in seas and oceans surrounding Europe,

the Americas, Africa, Asia and Australia.

The tardigrade fauna of Poland is one of the better known in Europe. However, almost all were carried

out on the terrestrial tardigrades, while marine tardigrades have been almost totally neglected.

Up to date only one report concerning marine Tardigrada for polish waters exists. Hummon (2005)

found single specimen of larval stage of Batillipes dicrocercus Pollock, 1970.

In present studies a new marine tardigrade for Poland – Batillipes noerrevangi Kristensen, 1978

is described. It has been found in the samples collected during spring, summer, autumn and winter

season in Puck Bay in the area of underwater meadows. Development of this species is characterized

by cyclomorvosis in larval as well as adult stages during different periods. All stages can be shortly

characterized by presence of median cirri, internal and external cirri, lateral cirri A, non constricted

clava, cirri E and characteristic toes leg IV formula. In samples males, females as well as larval stages

have been found. Generally males and females of B. noerrevangi differ by presence (in male)/absence

(in female) of caudal appendage. Whereas larval stages can be distinguished by four toes on legs

instead six (in adults).

Key words: Batillipes, macrophytes, Pucka Bay

This research received support from the SYNTHESYS Project http://www.synthesys.info/ which

is financed by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 (DK-TAF-2706).



140

Comparison of two commercial biomonitoring systems based on freshwater

mussels – German Dreissena-Monitor (Dreissena polymorpha)

and Polish Symbio (Unio tumidus)

ZIELSKA JOANNA *

UNIWERSYTET MIKOŁAJA KOPERNIKA, WYDZIAŁ BIOLOGII I OCHRONY ŚRODOWISKA,

ZAKŁAD ZOOLOGII BEZKRĘGOWCÓW, UL. LWOWSKA 1, 87-100, TORUŃ, POLAND


Macroinvertebrates are, apart from algae, the most widely used indicator of water quality. Sedentary

organisms, such as mussels, are good indicators of local water status. The use of mussels

in biomonitoring allows for fast detection of heavy metals and other pollutants in drinking water

reservoirs, as well as for assessment of the degree of wastewater purification. Two examples of such

a use of these organisms are commercial systems: Dreissena-Monitor (ProjectGroup Wirkungstests

Rhein) and Symbio (company PROTE Technologies for our Environment), based on the behavior

of freshwater bivalves: the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and the swollen river mussel (Unio

tumidus), respectively. Mussels, due to their natural sensitivity to toxic compounds, respond to them

with a sudden closure of their shells. By using modern technology, it is possible to monitor and record

organism behaviour continuously. In the poster I will compare the advantages and disadvantages

of both biomonitoring systems. The main difference between them (besides the use of different

species) is the number of used mussels - in Dreissena-Monitor much more individuals are included.

On the other hand, Symbio system is cheaper. However, it is difficult to decide which one is better.

Key words: biomonitoring, biological early warning system, Dreissena-Monitor



141

The soil moisture variability, depending on the environmental factors

on the selected area the commune Kozy

ZIĘBORAK PAULINA *, KOZAK JANUSZ LESZEK

UNIVERSITY OF BIELSKO-BIALA, FACULTY OF MATERIALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES,


CHAIR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAIN AREAS, 2 WILLOWA ST., BIELSKO-BIALA 43-309, POLAND


The soil moisture is of great importance for agricultural areas, due to its impact on the amount

and quality of the cultivations and crops.

The aim of the study was to analyze the time - spatial fluctuation of soil moisture depending

on the environmental factors. The determination of these changes allows to determine the direction

and scope of actions undertaken in the future to improve soil condition with respect to agricultural use

(amelioration measures), or choosing the appropriate plants for growing on the areas.

The work is a research, includes direct measurements of soil moisture at selected permanent

experimental plots. As part of the work performed a detailed characterization of the individual

measuring positions and of the entire the research area (geographic location, topography, land use,

climate, hydrography, geology and soil conditions). Parallel with the measurements was collected

information on weather conditions. Measurements were made method with the use electrical

conductivity the probe ThetaProbe ML2x.

This paper attempts to elaborate a differentiation of time - spatial soil moisture on performed maps,

helping to Surf 8.0 software, the company Goldensoftware.

During the researches performed during the period from June to November 2012, soil moisture ranged

within 16.7% - 68.4%. A significant effect on the recorded values had precipitations, which at the turn

of September and October contributed to the increase in average soil moisture from 26.0% to 41.5%.

Forms of land development, after the weather conditions had significantly affected on the variability

of soil moisture.

Key words: soil moisture, retention, soil water


142

L IST OF AUTHORS

Andrzejak Anna p. 62

Antkowiak Michał p. 31

Apolinarska Karina p. 51

Balcerzak Wojciech p. 42, 95

Bar Dominika p. 36, 85

Baran Mariusz p. 63

Belica Beata p. 64

Bełdowska Magdalena p. 83, 84

Beszczyńska Monika p. 65

Borecka Anna p. 66

Brauze Tomasz p. 83

Brygider Agnieszka p. 67

Brzana Radosław p. 32

Brzozowska Sandra p. 67

Brzozowski Michał p. 67

Bukowiec Piotr p. 63

Burda Izabella p. 68

Burska Dorota p. 39

Buttler Alexandre p. 114

Bzoma Szymon p. 83

Cerbin Sławomir p. 58, 90, 96

Cholewiński Maciej p. 69

Chwałek Mateusz p. 70

Czarnecka Paulina p. 71

Czerniawska Natalia p. 75

Czerniawski Robert p. 93, 121

Dąbrowska Anna p. 72

Dąbrowska Dominika p. 73

Dendys Marta p. 36, 85

Dobroś Emilia p. 62, 74

Domagała Józef p. 93, 121

Dondajewska Renata p. 116, 126

Donderski Wojciech p. 40

Dublinowska Magda p. 75


143

Dziuba Marcin p. 112

Fabrowska Joanna p. 76

Falkowska Lucyna p. 39, 59, 83, 84, 132

Fiałkowska Edyta p. 38, 52

Frankiewicz Monika p. 77

Frąckowiak Patryk p. 79

Fyda Janusz p. 38, 52

Gąbka Maciej p. 35

Gąsiorowski Ludwik p. 33

Giełda-Pinas Katarzyna p. 80

Gołdyn Ryszard p. 116

Goździk Iwona p. 121

Grabowska Katarzyna p. 81

Graca Bożena p. 82, 138

Grajewska Agnieszka p. 83

Grzelak Katarzyna p. 89, 139

Grzelczak Joanna p. 116

Grzybowski Waldemar p. 55

Gulanicz T. p. 34

Gumińska Joanna p. 40

Guzik Urszula p. 46

Hajdrych Julia p. 83

Jakubas Emilia p. 35

Janas Urszula p. 32, 66, 71, 72

Jarząb Natalia p. 109

Jasińska Anita p. 39

Jassey Vincent E.J. p. 114

Jędruch Agnieszka p. 84

Juśko Kamil p. 36, 85

Kabacińska Monika p. 62

Kaczmarek Łukasz p. 139

Kamiński Michał p. 69

Kaźmierska A. p. 123

Kendzierska Halina p. 71, 72

Kiełczewska Joanna p. 39


144

Knysak P. p. 86

Kobusińska Marta p. 37

Kocerba-Soroka Wioleta p. 38, 52

Kochman Natalia p. 49, 106

Koczura Ryszard p. 45

Kokociński Mikołaj p. 118

Kokociński Patryk p. 88

Kolicka Małgorzata p. 89, 139

Koniecko Iga p. 39

Kotowska Anna p. 92

Kotwicki Lech p. 48, 89, 139

Kozak Anna p. 77, 107, 127

Kozak Janusz Leszek p. 141

Kozłowska Anna p. 90, 112

Koźmińska Aleksandra p. 91

Kraczkowska Weronika p. 92

Krauze Kinga p. 60

Krepski Tomasz p. 93

Kubera Łukasz p. 40

Kubicz Justyna p. 94

Kucharski Rafał p. 73

Kuczyńska-Kippen Natalia p. 47, 129, 133

Kujawska Natalia p. 41, 56

Kwaśny Justyna p. 42, 95

Lamentowicz Mariusz p. 114

Langwiński Wojciech p. 92

Larsson Josefine p. 75

Latała Adam p. 41, 56

Lenarczyk Joanna p. 130

Lewandowska Anita p. 59, 132

Lewandowski Krzysztof p. 43

Ligmann-Zielińska Arika p. 80

Litwin Magdalena p. 96

Łepkowska Karolina p. 97, 108

Łęska Bogusława p. 76, 110


145

Łojko Renata p. 98

Maciak Joanna p. 44

Madzia Marek p. 70

Makowska Małgorzata p. 53

Makowska Nicoletta p. 45, 99

Malata Małgorzata p. 100

Małyszko Justyna p. 94

Marchlewicz Ariel p. 46

Marchwińska Agnieszka p. 62, 74

Marciniak Andrzej p. 113

Maślak Paulina p. 47

Mazurkiewicz Mikołaj p. 48

Meissner Mariusz p. 31

Meissner Włodzimierz p. 83

Messyasz Beata p. 68, 97, 108, 119

Mika Dawid p. 101

Miklaszewska Beata p. 130

Mitchell Edward A.D. p. 114

Mokracka Joanna p. 45, 99

Moskalik Sandra p. 112

Mróz Paulina p. 102

Muszyńska Ewa p. 91

Myk Józef p. 67

Neumann Małgorzata p. 114

Niedzielski P. p. 131

Niemirycz Elżbieta p. 37, 43, 44

Nowacka Anna p. 103

Nowicka-Krawczyk P. p. 86

Osiecka Anna p. 137

Owsianny Paweł M. p. 67, 102

Pacek Adrian p. 104

Pajączek Anita p. 49, 106

Pajchrowska Maria p. 105

Pajdak-Stós Agnieszka p. 38, 52

Pełechaty Mariusz p. 51


146

Peszek Łukasz p. 49, 106

Petrusek Adam p. 96

Piasecka Marta p. 88

Piaseczna Agata p. 133

Pietrzak Andżelika p. 107

Pikosz Marta p. 97, 108

Pilecka-Rapacz Małgorzata p. 93, 121

Polatowski Marcin p. 109

Polechońska Ludmiła p. 50

Połaniecka Anna p. 110

Poniedziałek Barbara p. 111, 118

Poznanska M. p. 34

Pronin Eugeniusz p. 51

Przesmycka Karolina p. 112

Przystalski Andrzej p. 83

Przywara Lucyna p. 125

Pukacz Andrzej p. 51

Rawicki Kacper p. 113

Reczuga Monika p. 114

Rosińska Joanna p. 116

Ruszkowska-Cichocka Bernadetta p. 116

Rybak Andrzej Stanisław p. 117

Rzymski Piotr p. 111, 118

Saniewska Dominika p. 82

Seroka Dominika p. 119

Skauradszun Maria p. 37

Skowrońska Dagmara p. 120

Skóra Krzysztof p. 29

Słowiński Michał p. 114

Sługocki Łukasz p. 121

Smolarz Katarzyna p. 75

Sobczyk Małgorzata p. 122

Sobczyk Mateusz p. 38, 52

Sowinska Aleksandra p. 53

Stachowiak E. p. 123


147

Stachura Kamila p. 31

Staniszewska Marta p. 39

Staszak Agata p. 54, 124

Stypuła Sebastian p. 125

Szczepaniak S. p. 126

Szczepocka E. p. 86

Szcześniak Joanna p. 127

Szeląg-Wasielewska E. p. 123

Szpakowska Barbara p. 105

Szumiło Emilia p. 83

Szydłowski Jerzy p. 55

Szymkowiak Natalia p. 31

Śliwińska Karolina p. 135

Świdnicki Kasper p. 47

Talbierz Szymon p. 41, 56

Tomków Łukasz p. 128

Turek Iwona p. 129

Urbańska Małgorzata p. 130

Wachowiak W. p. 131

Wachulec Katarzyna p. 57

Walczak Maciej p. 109

Wałęga Andrzej p. 57

Wejnerowski Łukasz p. 58, 90

Witkowska Agnieszka p. 59, 132

Witkowski Andrzej J. p. 73

Wiśniewska Małgorzata p. 129, 133

Włodarczyk Renata p. 60, 134

Włodarczyk-Makuła Maria p. 103

Włodarska-Kowalczuk Maria p. 48

Wojcieszyńska Danuta p. 46

Wolski Krzysztof p. 135

Wójcik Magdalena p. 136

Wróbel Aleksandra p. 137

Zajączkowski Marek p. 48

Zakrzewska Danuta p. 82, 138


148

Zawierucha Krzysztof p. 89, 139

Zielska Joanna p. 140

Zięborak Paulina p. 141

Zwoliński Zbigniew p. 80

Żelazna-Wieczorek J. p. 86

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