Yearly Plan 2007

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YEARLY PLAN

BIOLOGY FORM 5

2013

WEEK MONTH/ LEARNING OBJECTIVES SUGGESTED LEARNING ACTIVITIES NOTES

THEME : PHYSIOLOGY OF LIVING THINGS

LEARNING AREA :

1.0. TRANSPORT

1

2

3

January1

2

3

1.1.Understanding the importance ofhaving a transport system in some

multicellular organisms

1.2. Synthesising the concept of

circulatory system

1.3 Understanding themechanism of blood

clotting.

Carry out activities toa) Correlate different sizes of cubes

to total surface area/volume

(TSA/V) ratio,b) Discuss how the TSA/V ratio

affects the movement of solutes tothe interior of cubes,

c) Relate the outcome of a) and b) tothe problem faced by multicellular

organism,d) Suggest way to improve the

movement of solutes to the interiorof cubes without changing the size

of cubese) Explain why there is a need for a

transport system in somemulticellular organism.

Discuss the following :a) What is a circulatory system

b) the three components of the

circulatory system that is medium,vessel and pump.

c) Blood and haemolymph as amedium of transport.

d) The composition of human blood.e) The function of blood and

haemolymph in transport.f) The structure of human blood

vessel: arteries, veins andcapillaries.

g) The basic structure and function ofthe human heart.

h) The circulation of blood in

humans in terms of :* pumping of the heart* contraction of skeletal

muscles around veins,

i) The regulatory mechanisme ofblood pressure.

Use schematic diagrams to compare the

circulatory system in the following :humans, fish and amphibians.

Visualise and draw concept maps on thecirculatory system in humans.

Show photomicrographs of blood clots.Discuss the necessity for

blood clotting with respect to :a) preventing serious blood loss,

b) preventing the entry ofmicroorganism and foreign

particles,

As compared tounicellular organisms

Only a brief descriptionof human blood vessels

is required.Cardiac cycle is notrequired.

Baroreceptors in theaorta and carotid arterieare mentioned.

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Cuti Peristiwa13.2.2013

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1.4 Synthesising the concept of

lymphatic system.

1.5 Understanding the role of

the circulatory system inbody defence mechanism.

1.6 Appreciating a healthycardiovascular system

1.7 Understanding the transport

of substances in plants.

c) maintaining blood pressure,

d) maintaining circulation of blood ina closed circulatory system.

Use a schematic diagram to illustrate themechanism of blood clotting.

Predict the consequences of blood clottingrelated prolems such as haemophilia orthrombosis.

Dr aw a schematic diagram on the formationof interstitial fluid and lymph, and discussthe following :

a) spaces between cellsb) materials from blood capillaries

entering this spaces,c) composition of interstitial fluid,

d) the importance of interstitial,e) the need for interstitial fluid to

return to the circulatory systemdirectly or via the lymphatic

system.Discuss the following:

a) the structure of the lymphatic

system,b) the flow of lymph,c) the role of lymphatic system in

transport.

Discuss the necessity for a body defencemechanism in humans.

Gather information and discuss:a) first line of defence skin,

mucous membrane.

b) Second line defence phagocyticwhite blood cells,

c) Third line of defence lymphocytes.

Draw and label the various stage of

phagocytosis.Discuss the following :

a) antigens and antibodies, immunityand immunisation.

b) How antigens and antibody arerelated to immunity,

c) The various type of immunity active immunity and passive

immunityGroup discussion and present the findings :

a) the effects of HIV on the bodysimmune system,

b) transmission of HIV,c) prevention of AIDS

Research and discuss nuitrition and lifestyle

which can lead to a healthy cardiovascularsystem

Discuss the following :a) the necessity for transport of

substances in plants,b) the problem that could be faced by

plants in transporting substancesand how it is overcome in plants.

Carry out the activities:

With the exception ofthoracic duct and rightlymphatic duct, specific

names of lymph vesselsand lymph nodes are norequired

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1.8 Synthesising the concepts of

transport of substances in

plants

a) to show the presence of xylem as a

continuous tube system totransport water and minerals,

b) prepare slides and look at the crosssection (XS) and longitudinal

section (LS) of a dicot stem,c) study prepared slides of XS of

stem, root and leaf of a dicot plant,and draw plan diagrams.

Discuss :a) the transport of organic substances

in plants,

b) the importance of translocation inplants.

Group discussion and present the finding:

a) the process of transpiration,b) the importance of transpiration,

c) the pathway of water from soil toleaves using a schematic diagram,

d) the external conditions affectingthe rate of transpiration

Design and conduct experiment to study the

factors affecting the rate of transpiration,a) air movement

b) temperature,

c) light intensityd) relative humidity

Discuss and draw a concept map of themovement of water in plants in terms of the

following: osmosis, transpiration pull,cohesion and adhesion of water, opening andclosing of stomata, root pressure.

Mechanism to explaintranslocation is notrequired.


LEARNING AREA:

2.0. LOCOMOTION AND SUPPORT

9 March1

2.1. Understanding support and locomotionin humans and animals

1.Group discussion on :a) the necessity for support and

locomotionb) the problems that could be faced

c) how the above problems areovercome

2. Study a model of human skeleton to

identify :a) axial skeleton

b) appendicular skeleton

3. Observe a chicken wing to note theposition and nature of muscles,

ligaments and tendons

4. Draw and label a simple diagram ofan arm to show the arrangement of

bones, skeletal muscles and tendons

5. Briefly discuss:a) how the bones, skeletal muscles,

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2.2. Appreciating a healthy musculoskeletal

system

2.3. Understanding support in plants

tendons and joints bring about

movement in the arm or leg.b) the necessity of nerve impulses in

skeletal muscle contractionc) the antagonistic action of skeletal

musclesd) all muscle has two primary

proteinse) source of energy is from ATP

produced in adjacent mitochondriaf) the function of cartilage andsynovial fluid at joints

6. Observe and discuss the mechanismof locomotions in an earthworm,grasshopper, fish or bird

7. Discuss and present findings onmuscle cramp, osteoporosis,

muscular dystrophy and arthritis

1. Discuss and share ways of caring fir

the musculoskeletal system such as:

a) following a balance dietb) having a good posturec) using a proper attire for daily

activitiesd) taking appropriate precautions

during vigorous activitiese) practicing correct and safe

exercise techniques

1. Discuss the following :a) the necessity for support in plants

b) what could be the support-relatedproblems faced by

i. aquatic plantsii. terrestrial plants

c) how is support achieved

2. Carry out the following activities:a) study the adaptations for support

in floating aquatic plantsb) study prepared slides of cross-

sections of old stems to identifytissue that help in support

c) investigate how support inherbaceous plant is achieved

without woody tissue

The Sliding Filame

Model of MuscContraction is nrequired.

Only a simple accountrequired.


EARNING AREA :

3.0 COORDINATION AND RESPONSE

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23-31.3.2013(cuti

PertengahanPenggal 1)

April

1

2

3

3.1. Understanding response andcoordination

3.2 Analysing the role of human nervoussystem

Carry out small group discussion on thefollowing and present the findings:

a) External stimuli, eg light, sound smell,

taste, temperature, pressure and touch.b) Internal stimuli eg sugar level in the

blood and osmotic pressure of blood.c) The necessity for living organisms to

respond to stimuli

Carry out activities to study:a) Human and animal responses to

external and internal environmentb) Plant responses to external

environment.

View computer simulations on the pathwayin detecting and responding to external and

internal stimuli in humans and animals anddraw schematic diagrams involving the

main components.

Discuss what is meant by coordination

Discuss the role of nervous system.

Draw a diagram to show the organization ofthe nervous system.

View graphic of the brain and label the

main parts and state their respectivefunctions.

Draw and label diagrams of a cross section

of the spinal cord.

Discuss the main functions of the spinalcord.

Draw and label the structure of the efferent

neurone ( nucleus, cell body, cytoplasm,dendrites, axon, synaptic dendrites, myelinsheath )

Identify and discuss the function of threetypes of neurone.

View computer animations on transmission

of information in the form of electricsignals.

Discuss the mode of transmission of

information along the neurone.

Draw a schematic diagram to show thepathway of transmission of information and

discuss the following:a) Reception of stimuli by receptors

b) From receptors to the central nervoussystem

c) Integration and interpretation by hecentral nervous system

d) From the central nervous system to the

Main components areceptors, integrati

centre and effectors.

Afferent and efferentpathways are involved.

In regulating internal

environment, negative

feedback is involved.

The part of the brain to b

studied:

Cerebellum

Cereberum

Medulla

oblongata

Pituitary

Hypothalamus

Thalamus

Cross section of spinalcord:

Grey matter

White matter

Dorsal root

Ventral root

Spinal nerve

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May

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effectors

e) Response by the effectors.

Draw and labels a simple diagram of asynapse

a) Conduct small group discussionon the following:

b) Transmission of information

across the synapsec) The role of synapse intransmission.

Discuss voluntary action and involuntaryaction with examples.

Discuss the following:

a) Voluntary action eg raising yourhand to answer a question

b) Involuntary action involvingskeletal muscle eg knee jerk.

c) Involuntary action involvingsmooth muscle, cardiac muscle,

or glands eg normal blood

pressure.

Work in small groups to draw a schematic

diagrams of a reflex arc.

Visit homes for the aged.Show compassion towards senior citizens

and patients with Alzheimers andParkinsons diseases.

Conditional reflects is norequired.

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Hari Wesak24.5.2013

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Jun

1

3.3 Analysing the role of hormones in

humans

Carry out small group discussion on the

following and present the findings:a) What a hormone is

b) What the endocrine system isc) Why the endocrine system is

necessary, despite having the nervoussystem

d) The physiological processes which arenot directly regulated by the nervoussystem eg menstrual cycle,development of the secondary sex

characteristics, growth etc.e) How the endocrine system

complement the nervous system.

Carry out group activity to label the mainglands of the endocrine system.

Name the main hormones by each

endocrine glands.

Match the hormones with their functions inthe following physiological processes:

Reproduction

Growth

Homeostasis

Discuss how secretion of a hormone can be

regulated by :a) Another hormone eg thyroid

The main hormonesrequired are:

Follicle stimulating

hormone (FSH)

Luteinising hormon

(LH)

Estrogen

Progesterone

Androgens

Growth hormones

Thyroid-stimulatin

hormones (TSH)

Thyroxin

Insulin

Glucagon

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stimulating hormone (TSH)

b) Level of certain substances eg glucosec) Nervous system

Discuss the involvement of both the

nervous system and the endocrine system ina fight or fight situation.( involvingadrenalin)

Carry out small group discussion on thefollowing and present the findings on :a) The effects imbalance of thyroxin,

growth hormone, antidiuretic hormone

and insulin.b) The use of hormone in the treatment of

diabetic mellitus and dwarfism

Antidiuretic

hormones

Adrenaline

23 33.4 Synthesising the concept of

homeostasis in human.Dsicuss the following:a) Physical factors body temperature

and blood pressure

b) Chemical factors partial pressure ofoxygen and carbon dioxide, osmotic

pressure and sugar level.

c) The necessity to maintain an optimalphysical and chemical condition in theinternal environment.

Draw a schematic diagram on the action of

ADH and discuss the following:a) The process of osmoregulation by the

kidneys.b) Negative feedback control in

osmoregulation.

Gather information and discuss thefollowing:

a) Haemodialysisb) Kidney donation and kidney transplant

Recall, discuss and draw a concept map interms of :

Blood sugar level

Body temperature

Partial pressure of O2 and CO2

Blood pressure

Regulation of the physicand chemical factors ininternal environment is

vital for survival.

24 43.5 Practising a healthy life style Show pictures of drug addicts and

alcoholics, then discuss drugs and alcohols

abuse.

Research and report on:a) effects of drugs and alcohol abuse

such as on the nervous system.b) Social factors that can lead to drug and

alcohol abuse.

Attend talks on drug and alcohol abuse.

Participate in anti-drug abuse and anti-alcohol abuse campaign.

Only a simple account isrequired.

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July

1 3.6 Understanding plant hormones Research and report on:a) The meaning of plant hormone

b) Plant hormones eg auxins and ethylenec) Effect of auxins based on scientific

findings on phototropismd) Role of auxin in phototropism and

geotropisme) The use on hormones in agriculture

Ethylene is also known aethane

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4.1 Analysing gamete formation

4.2 Analysing the role of hormones inmenstrual cycle

Discuss the following about reproduction: :a) The necessity to reproduce

b) the two types of reproductionc) the necessity for formation of

gametes

Study diagrams of the stages in theformation of a sperm and an ovum.

Compare the formation with that of ovum.

Discuss the following :a. What menstruation is

b. The relation betweenmenstruation and menstrual cycle

c. The importance of the menstrualcycle

d. Hormones involved in themenstrual cycle/

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4.3 Understanding the early development ofa zygote in humans

Study diagrams, and discuss the effect of hormonallevel on the following :

a) Follicle development,b) Ovulation

c) Formation of corpus luteum,d) Thickness of the indometrium.

Discuss the following :a. premenstrual syndrome

b. Menopause

Use diagram and computer simulationto discuss the following :

a. the formation of zygote

b. the early development of azygote as the formation of a

ball of cells becomesimplanted in the wall of the

uterus,

c. identify morula and blastocystfrom the diagrams given

d. formation of identical twins,fraternal twins and Siamesetwins

Illustrate how identical and fraternal twinsare formed an give some differences betweenthem.

Research and report on ;

a) function of the placenta in foetal

development

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b) the advantages of fetus having a

separate circulatory system fromthat of the mother

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4.4 Appreciating the contribution of science

and technology to humans reproduction

4.5 Synthesising the concept of sexual

reproduction in flowering plants

4.6Understanding growth in multicellularorganisms

Research and report on :

a. family planningb. sperms bankc. Artificial insemination

d. In vitro fertilizatione. Surrogate mother

f. Sexually transmitted diseases

Examine a flower to identify :

a. various flower partsb. the structures which produce male

and female reproductive cells

Draw diagrams to show the stages in theformation of ;

a. pollen grains from pollen mothercells

b. embryo sac from embryo sacmother cell

Describe briefly what happens at each stage

in both a) and b)

Conduct an activity to observe thegermination of pollen grains in sugar

solution.

Discuss the following :a) The formation of two male nuclei

from the generative nucleus

b) The formation of a zygotec) The formation of triploid nucleus

Discuss and draw a concept map of doublefertilization in flowering plant.

Examine the structure of fruits e.g. mango,long beans and relate them to the flower

parts:

a) seed from the ovuleb) seed coat from the integumentc) fruit from the ovary

Discuss the importance of doublefertilization for survival of flowering plants.

Discuss the necessity for growth.

Carry out small group discussion on group interm of :

a) growth being irreversible processb) increase in the number of cells

c) increase in cell sized) cell differentiation

Study diagrams or prepared slides to identify

the growth zones at root tip and shoot tip.

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4.7 Understanding the growth curve

4.8 Understanding primary and secondary

growth in plants.

Generate ideas on the appropriate parametersused in the measurement of growth.

Conduct an activity to study the growth of

a plant e.g. onion, maize or balsam.

Study and interpret the data on growth inhumans and discuss the following:

a) the shape of growthcurveb) phases of growthc) the relationship between

the phases of growth andthe growth curve

Study and interpret a growth curve of insect

and relate the shape of the curve to itsgrowth.

Discuss the types of growth in plants.

Conduct a field study to identify plants that

undergo primary and secondary growth.

Examine prepared slides or diagrams of across section of a young stem, matured stem,

young root, matured root in dicots to identifythe primary and secondary tissues.

Research and report on the following :

a) relate primary growth to heightsupport and transport ofsubstances.

b) Relate secondary growth to

additional support and transportc) State the importance of growth

vascular cambium and corkcambium to secondary growth

d) Compare plant that undergosecondary growth with those that

do not,e) The economic importance of plants

that undergo secondary growth

THEME: VARIATION AND INHERITANCE

LEARNING AREA: 1.0 INHERITANCE

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Cuti PertengahanPenggal 27-18.8.2013

Hari RayaAidilfitri8-9.8.20

Week 3

1.1Synthesising the concept of inheritance basedon Mendels experiment

Discuss the following base on examples:

a) Inheritance,b) Characters and traits

Study diagrams showing the results of Mendels

monohybrid cross experiment, then discuss thefollowing:

a) characters and traits in Mendelexperiments,

b) there is a heriditary factor thatdetermines a particular character,

c) dominant traits and recessive traits,d) genes and alleles,

e) dominant alleles and recessive alleles,f) phenotypes and genotype,g) homozygote and heterozygoteh) phenotypic ratio and genotypic ratio in

the first and second filial generation,

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1.2 Understanding inheritance

i) the importance of meiosis 1 in the

segregation of alleles,j) meaning of monohybrid inheritance.

Conduct an activity using coloured buttons/ beans

to illustrate Mendels First Law.

Discuss Mendels First Law as The Law ofSegregation.

Study diagrams showing the results of Mendelsdihybrid cross experiment, then discuss thefollowing:

Study diagrams showing the results of Mendelsdihybrid cross experiment, then discuss thefollowing:

a) meaning of hybrid inheritance,

b) the importance of meiosis in terms ofindependent assortment of chromosomes.

Discuss Mendels Second Law as The Law of

Independent Assortment

Discuss:

a) blood groups and Rhesus factor (Rhfactor),

b) inheritance of ABO blood group in

humans

Examine a drawing of a micrograph of humanchromosomes and:

a) determine the numbers of chromosomesb) arrange the homologous pairs based on

the location of the centromere and size

of chromosome.c) Identify autosomes and sex

chromosomes.

Compare the karyotypes of a normal human beingwith that of a person with that of a person with

Downs syndrome.

Draw a schematics diagrams to show thefollowing:

a) sex determination in off springs,b) sex-linked inheritance of haemophilia

and colour blindness.

Gather information and discuss:a) hereditary diseases such as thalassaemia,

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1.3 Understanding genes and chromosomes Research and report on:

a) unit of inheritance,b) the location of genes.

Construct a model of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)and discuss the following:

a) structure of nucleotides,b) structure of polynucleotides,c) double helix structure of DNA.

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Draw a schematic diagrams and relate how a trait ismanifested from the basic unit of inheritance interms of:

a) chromosome to DNA

b) DNA to genec) Gene to proteind) Protein to the trait of an organism.

Research and report on the following:a) DNA fingerprinting,b) Human genome project,c) Potential of stem cell research

d) Genetic engineering,i) gene therapy,ii) genetically modified

organisms,

iii) genetically modified foodiv) medicine (production of

insulin)Discuss the implication of the above to mankind.

Conduct a forum or debate on ethical and moral

issues in the application of knowledge in genetics.

Visit research centres that conduct research ingenetic engineering.

LEARNING AREA: 2.0 VARIATION

2.1 Understanding variation in organisms

2.2 Understanding the cause of variation

1)

Discuss the importance of variation in

organisms

Conduct on activity to investigate

variation in humans and present the datagraphically.

2) Discuss:

a) Continuous variationb) discontinuous variation based on the graphs

Compare continuous and discontinuous

variation

1) Discuss :

a) The cause of variation in terms of:

i) genetic factorsii) environmental factors

b) The effects of genetic factor on variation

2) a) Conduct an activity such as

i) role - playing orii) model - building to show the processof genetics recombination.

c) Conduct an activity to study effects ofdifferent environment factors on thevariation of plants

3) Discuss the following:

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2.3 Be respectful towards one another despitevariation

a) Chromosomes mutation

b) gene mutationc) examples of mutation and mutagensd) the importance of variation in the Survivalof a species

Participate in games and club activitiesinvolving individuals from various ethnicgroups.

Conduct a sketch to show respect for allGods creation.

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SeptSPM TRIAL EXAMINATION

REVISION

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Oct REVISION

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November

Cuti AkhirTahun

16.11-31.12.

SPM EXAMINATION

45464748

Disember SPM EXAMINATION

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Documents

Yearly Plan 2007