ABSTRACT

Frank Lloyd Wright as one of the most influential American Architects in 20th century had bequeathed architectural style which was not attached to European influence and produced ideas of Organic Architecture. By studying Frank Lloyd Wright’s

architectural works, researcher wanted to investigate the compatible with architecture eras and periods, Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright. In which researcher could see that : (1) Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright was an alternative against the Modern International Architecture domination, and (2) there are indications of Postmodern Architecture thoughts and ideas in Frank Lloyd Wright Architecture.

This research uses rasionalistic, deductive-qualitative approach with Content Analysis methode. Content analysis is used in several stages, (1) identifying Frank Lloyd Wright’s Architecture based on literature works, (2) defining Postmodern Architecture parameters, (3) comparing Frank Lloyd Wright Architecture and Postmodern Architecture parameters, (4) defining the consistency of parametes applications on Frank Lloyd Wright’s works as research objects.

As the research results, researcher finds that Frank Lloyd Wright Organic Architecture views the Architecture as Life, an Entity, which not only has physical form, but also has the living spirit, in which differs it from a mere building. It has Main Design Concepts of : (1) Functionality and (2) Inner Conception, Achitecture as an Entity.

Both Postmodern and Frank Lloyd Wright Architecture continue to apply the good propositions in Modern Architecture and add or perfect them with other propositions which were not or had not been applied in Modern Architecture. In other words, both apply “Double Code,” they are Modern Architecture Code and Other Code. Also, researcher

finds that there are similarities in Modern Architecture and Frank Lloyd Wright Architecture Ideas at the level of Concept and Design Methode. At Concept level, the concept of Functionaliy and Architecture as an Entity are in accordance with Postmodern ideas suggested by Postmodern theorists, in which all unify science and feeling, structure and art, ethics and esthetics. The similarities found on Methode level are : (1) Metaphore, (2) Contextual (3) Hybrid and (4) Symbolization.

Key words : Ideas, Postmodern, Organic Architecture Frank Lloyd Wright

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BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

I.1. Latar Belakang

Frank Lloyd Wright merupakan seorang arsitek yang telah melalui

berbagai jaman, mulai dari masa peralihan menuju arsitektur modern, masa

kristalisasi arsitektur modern di tahun-tahun sebelum dan sesudah Perang Dunia,

sampai masa keemasan arsitektur internasional modern (International Style).

Sepanjang hidupnya selama 91 tahun, ia telah menghasilkan banyak karya

arsitektur serta menyumbangkan ide mengenai arsitektur, detail dekorasi, aliran

seni dan inovasi konstruksi dan bahan. Selama karir panjangnya, Wright telah

mendesain sekitar 1000 proyek dan sekitar 500 karyanya terbangun.

Frank Lloyd Wright memulai kariernya di tahun 1887 di Chicago, pada

masa itu, arsitektur sedang mengalami peralihan dari masa arsitektur neo-klasik,

kolonial, eklektik menuju masa arsitektur modern, dengan munculnya teori-teori

baru dalam arsitektur, material dan teknologi baru, yang bisa dikatakan sebagai

masa transisional (transitional era), ditandai pula oleh Revolusi Industri, yang

merupakan Abad Mesin Pertama. Frank Lloyd Wright juga menjalani masa

berkembangnya arsitektur modern sampai masa keemasannya pada tahun 1950an.

Frank Lloyd Wright adalah seorang arsitek asli Amerika, tanpa ikatan

dengan ingatan akan arsitektur Klasik dan Eropa. Sebagai seorang arsitek yang