Worldwide InequalityWorldwide Inequality

Dawn of time- 2007Dawn of time- 2007

By: Elizabeth AtchisonBy: Elizabeth Atchison

Life is All About Gaining Life is All About Gaining ResourcesResources

ResourceResource: Anything valued in : Anything valued in society ($, Medical Care, society ($, Medical Care,

Education)Education)

There is a limited supply- how do There is a limited supply- how do we decide who gets resources?we decide who gets resources?

Early SocietiesEarly Societies

Early human Early human societies were societies were organized into organized into small groups in small groups in order to hunt for order to hunt for food and gather food and gather fruits and plants to fruits and plants to eateat

Men hunted while Men hunted while women gathered women gathered and reared childrenand reared children

Evolution of societyEvolution of society

Hunter gatherer societies traveled in Hunter gatherer societies traveled in small groups and took care of their small groups and took care of their immediate families. immediate families.

Hunter gatherers gathered together Hunter gatherers gathered together for protection, safety, and foodfor protection, safety, and food

Any farming is strictly subsistence Any farming is strictly subsistence farming- grow what you needfarming- grow what you need

Improving Technology Leads to Improving Technology Leads to SettlementSettlement

Technology helped Technology helped early people to early people to settle down settle down geographicallygeographically

New weapons New weapons helped early helped early hunters kill prey hunters kill prey easier and more easier and more efficientlyefficiently

New farm tools New farm tools allowed early allowed early people to grow people to grow foodfood

Evolution leads to CitiesEvolution leads to Cities

Few groups of people begin to move into a Few groups of people begin to move into a central areacentral area

Small cities are formed- protection, safety, Small cities are formed- protection, safety, and organizationand organization

Trade!Trade!

Technology Advances SocietyTechnology Advances Society

New Farm tools New Farm tools such as plows and such as plows and spades allow spades allow farmers to be farmers to be efficientefficient

With more With more efficiency, less efficiency, less farmers are farmers are needed to provide needed to provide the same amount the same amount of foodof food

Efficiency = Efficiency = specializationspecialization

Less farmers = find Less farmers = find something else to something else to contribute to contribute to societysociety

Movement toward Movement toward cities to trade and cities to trade and sell new waressell new wares

Jobs in citiesJobs in cities

$$ Industrial Revolution $$$$ Industrial Revolution $$

Factories begin creating goods much Factories begin creating goods much faster and better than individuals canfaster and better than individuals can

Scramble for resources to create products Scramble for resources to create products b/c Products = $$$b/c Products = $$$

$$ Industrial Revolution Cont…$$$$ Industrial Revolution Cont…$$

Machines + Workers + Natural Machines + Workers + Natural resources = finished products= $$$resources = finished products= $$$

Natural resources- items in nature, Natural resources- items in nature, such as copper, iron, wood, oils, such as copper, iron, wood, oils, etc…, that are used to create etc…, that are used to create finished productsfinished products

The more natural resources, the The more natural resources, the more goods. The more goods, the more goods. The more goods, the more money. more money.

But where to get the goods…But where to get the goods…

Africa has a good Africa has a good deal of natural deal of natural resources ( and resources ( and had little industry= had little industry= little competition little competition for resources)for resources)

Europe will turn to Europe will turn to Africa for resourcesAfrica for resources

Should Africa be Should Africa be paid for their paid for their resources??resources??

Colonization around the worldColonization around the world

Powerful industrial countries use Powerful industrial countries use their colonies in order to obtain taxes their colonies in order to obtain taxes and resourcesand resources

““Haves” vs “Have nots”- can we steal Haves” vs “Have nots”- can we steal from our colonies?from our colonies?

Colonies treated as savages, kids, Colonies treated as savages, kids, unintelligent, and stupidunintelligent, and stupid

Global StratificationGlobal Stratification

Industrial Industrial countries- “HAVE” countries- “HAVE” based on industry based on industry and tradeand trade

They are able to They are able to charge high prices charge high prices to agrarian to agrarian countries and countries and colonies= profit!colonies= profit!

Agrarian countries- Agrarian countries- “HAVE NOT” based “HAVE NOT” based on natural on natural resources stolenresources stolen

Do not have many Do not have many

goods to sellgoods to sell

Get taken Get taken advantage ofadvantage of

Industrialization leads to InequalityIndustrialization leads to Inequality

Industry creates Industry creates wealth for factory wealth for factory ownersowners

While workers do While workers do have jobs, they are have jobs, they are not given high not given high wageswages

Workers must live Workers must live close to factories- close to factories- housing is badhousing is bad

Factory LifeFactory Life

Machines are Machines are dangerousdangerous

Hands and limbs Hands and limbs get lostget lost

UnsanitaryUnsanitary Child LaborChild Labor Long Days- 14 Long Days- 14

HoursHours CrowdedCrowded Bad HousingBad Housing Low WagesLow Wages

Woes of factory lifeWoes of factory life

ContrastContrast

Industrial Industrial countries- have set countries- have set up economies that up economies that give them a chance give them a chance to make $, have to make $, have more goods and more goods and services, services, opportunities for opportunities for schools and schools and advancementadvancement

Non-Industrial Non-Industrial Countries- have to Countries- have to buy goods from the buy goods from the wealthier wealthier countries, are countries, are behind behind technologically and technologically and economically, and economically, and politicallypolitically

1848- Communist Manifesto1848- Communist Manifesto

Karl MarxKarl Marx Economic Economic

philosopherphilosopher Saw the poverty of Saw the poverty of

the working classthe working class Thought that Thought that

workers will never workers will never be treated as be treated as equals by the equals by the ruling classruling class

1848- Communist Manifesto cont.1848- Communist Manifesto cont.

Marx believed that the bourgeoisie Marx believed that the bourgeoisie (owners) would always hold down the (owners) would always hold down the proletariats (workers) proletariats (workers)

It was up to the workers to unite, It was up to the workers to unite, overthrow the rulers (and overthrow the rulers (and government?) and take over as the government?) and take over as the ruling classruling class

Proletariat should share the factors Proletariat should share the factors of production and should all share in of production and should all share in the wealth the wealth

The Middle Income Countries are The Middle Income Countries are formedformed

Russian Revolution Russian Revolution 1917-First major 1917-First major Communist countryCommunist country• Vladimir Lenin leads Vladimir Lenin leads

revolution to revolution to overthrow the overthrow the Tsar(king) of Russia Tsar(king) of Russia

• Russia will share Russia will share resourcesresources

• Leads to constant Leads to constant scarcityscarcity

Communism SpreadsCommunism Spreads

Russia, China, and Russia, China, and many Latin many Latin American countries American countries like Cuba and like Cuba and Argentina have Argentina have individual individual revolutionsrevolutions

This is thought to This is thought to be a solution to be a solution to poverty in these poverty in these countriescountries

Communism’s ImpactCommunism’s Impact

While Communists have tried to fix While Communists have tried to fix their ailing economies with planning their ailing economies with planning and mandates, they have never been and mandates, they have never been able to accommodate their people’s able to accommodate their people’s needsneeds

Many Communist countries have Many Communist countries have suffered from corruption and abuse suffered from corruption and abuse of power- CUBAof power- CUBA

RecapRecap

High IncomeCountries

Middle Income Countries

Low Income Countries

Low Income CountriesLow Income Countries

Struggling economiesStruggling economies Many people still practice Many people still practice

subsistence farmingsubsistence farming Little infrastructure is set up- Little infrastructure is set up-

government, medical care, roads, etcgovernment, medical care, roads, etc Struggle with much corruption and Struggle with much corruption and

mismanagement of scarce resourcesmismanagement of scarce resources Little moneyLittle money

Colors signify some of our poorest Colors signify some of our poorest areasareas

Middle Income CountriesMiddle Income Countries

Have been or are currently Have been or are currently CommunistCommunist

Many are recovering from Many are recovering from Communism and are trying to up Communism and are trying to up their industrial outputtheir industrial output

There is a ruling class and a working There is a ruling class and a working class that usually gets ordered what class that usually gets ordered what to doto do

Anyone who goes against the Anyone who goes against the government risks prison or deathgovernment risks prison or death

Low-Middle Income FactoryLow-Middle Income Factory

High Income CountriesHigh Income Countries

Usually have economies based on Usually have economies based on industry or information and industry or information and technologytechnology

Typically most people have decent Typically most people have decent houses, cars, and other consumer houses, cars, and other consumer goodsgoods

High Standard of LivingHigh Standard of Living Examples- U.S.A, Japan, EnlandExamples- U.S.A, Japan, Enland

High Income CountriesHigh Income Countries

Stratification within High Income Stratification within High Income

Countries Countries Compton, CA and Compton, CA and

San Diego, CA are San Diego, CA are 15 minutes apart, 15 minutes apart, but are an example but are an example of Social of Social Stratification within Stratification within our High Income our High Income CountryCountry

Issues within our High Income Issues within our High Income CountryCountry

With the advancing of our economy from With the advancing of our economy from industrial to post-industrial, (1950+) there are industrial to post-industrial, (1950+) there are less industrial jobs for unskilled workersless industrial jobs for unskilled workers

There is a new reliance on education and There is a new reliance on education and technological skills- jobs such as accounting, technological skills- jobs such as accounting, medicine, law, computer engineeringmedicine, law, computer engineering

Information is used to better people’s livesInformation is used to better people’s lives There is a widening gap between the “Haves” There is a widening gap between the “Haves”

and “Have Nots” here in America and “Have Nots” here in America

OutsourcingOutsourcing

Many industrial jobs are being Many industrial jobs are being outsourced to countries in which outsourced to countries in which wages are lower, no health care, no wages are lower, no health care, no sanitation requirements, no sanitation requirements, no mandated work hours, no child labor mandated work hours, no child labor laws, no breakslaws, no breaks

Countries like the Philippines, Countries like the Philippines, Mexico, India, China, and others Mexico, India, China, and others depend on industries for subsistence depend on industries for subsistence paypay