Wireless Distributed Sensor Networksverhaer

7/28/2019 Wireless Distributed Sensor Networksverhaer

1/28

12.10.2007

Wireless distributed sensor networksWireless distributed sensor networks

Slide 1

www.masters

ininnovation.co

m

MASTERS IN INNOVATION

CONFIDENTIAL

WIRELESS DISTRIBUTEDSENSOR NETWORKS

Koenraad Rombaut

[email protected]

www.verhaert.com

VERHAERTINNOVATIONDAY OCTOBER 12th, 2007

www.mastersininnovation.com

Commercially confidence This presentation contains ideas and information which are proprietary of VERHAERT, Masters in Innovation*, it is given in confidence. You are authorized toopen and view the electronic copy of this document and to print a single copy. Otherwise, the material may not in whole or in part be copied, stored electronically or communicated to third

parties without prior agreement of VERHAERT, Masters in Innovation*.

* VERHAERT, Masters in Innovation is a registered trade name of Verhaert Consultancies N.V.


2/28

12.10.2007


Slide 2

www.masters

ininnovation.co

m


CONFIDENTIAL

Distributed Sensor Networks, enabling

Technology in Development

Distributed sensors networks have become a highly active research areabecause of their potential of providing diverse services to a broad range ofapplications, not only on science and engineering, but equally importantlyon issues related to critical infrastructure protection and security, health

care, the environment, energy, food safety, and the potential impact on thequality of all areas of life. VERHAERT will demonstrate a phased approachtowards a distributed sensor set-up for local body area networks and theirpotential in security applications. Furthermore, other potential applicationswill be discussed while the current status of technology is being outlined.


3/28

12.10.2007


Slide 3

www.masters

ininnovation.co

m


CONFIDENTIAL

Content

Introduction

Swans: a Verhaert inertial sensor network

The applications

Architecture and building blocks

How to select or define a wireless sensor network

Low power as a critical design driver

Conclusion


4/28

12.10.2007


Slide 4

www.masters

ininnovation.co

m


CONFIDENTIAL

Whats in a name ?

Wireless =

wireless data transmission

autonomous: on board power source (e.g. battery)

often: on board intelligence

Sensor =

sensing physical parameters, e.g. temperature

Network =

added value of multiple nodes, due to cooperation,e.g. Swans skeleton, inter vehicle communication

e.g. Swans: a body area network (BAN) ofwireless inertial sensors for motion capturing


5/28

12.10.2007


Slide 5

www.masters

ininnovation.co

m


CONFIDENTIAL

Market trends for wireless sensor networks


6/28

12.10.2007


Slide 6

www.masters

ininnovation.co

m


CONFIDENTIAL

European research on wireless sensor

networks

Wireless sensor networks= a very active research area

Swans: Silicon platforms forWireless Advanced Networks of Sensors

Stella: stretchable electronics

E-Cubes: stacking technology

Witness: security wireless sensor network

MyHeart: medical smart wireless sensors

Mimosa: Microsystems platform for MObileServices and Applications

Vibes: vibration energy scavenging

Eyes: self organizing networks

Applications need mature technology


7/28

12.10.2007


Slide 7

www.masters

ininnovation.co

m


CONFIDENTIAL

Swans: a European cooperation

SWANS = Silicon platforms forWireless Advanced Networks of Sensors

a Medea+ European project

Partners:

silicon design companies (Atmel, STM, NXP, Ansem)

research institutes (IMEC, CEA-Leti)

application oriented companies (Verhaert, LMS, EADS, France Telecom)

Verhaerts role & interest:development of a wireless body area network for motion tracking

sensors for health and fitness applications


8/28

12.10.2007


Slide 8

www.mastersininnovation.co

m


CONFIDENTIAL

The Verhaert inertial sensor body area network

Inertial sensor (iTrack)

per limb, capturing3D orientation

Wireless data linkfromlimbto personal hub

Virtual skeletonreconstructionin personal hub

Wireless communicationof skeleton motion

fromBAN hubto base station

IMU sensorplatform personal

hub

base

station

communicationsensor-hub

communicationhub - station


9/28

12.10.2007


Slide 9


m


CONFIDENTIAL

Wireless technology for RT motion capturing

Motion capture suit on

real world body

Virtual model

with texture andrepresentation

of sensors

Virtual model

with skin surface

Swans

Skeleton&wireframe

representation

of virtual model


10/28

12.10.2007


Slide 10


m


CONFIDENTIAL

A sensor network for pedestrian navigation

Motion capturing Step detection

Step distance & direction


11/28

12.10.2007


Slide 11


m


CONFIDENTIAL

From a good sensor node to a sensor networkSingle sensor

dev. kit (COTS)

Full bodywired

+

Sensor networkdemonstrator

Single sensornode (custom)


12/28

12.10.2007


Slide 12


m


CONFIDENTIAL

Other Verhaert sensor network applications

Healthcare:

revalidation

activity monitor

fall detection

ergonomics

Security

track & trace

Sport: training

technique improvement

activity monitoring

Animation

motion data capturing

game controller (cf. Wii)

virtual reality controller


13/28

12.10.2007


Slide 13


m


CONFIDENTIAL

Typical healthcare & fitness applications & trends

Verhaert motion capturing

Elderly: fall detection, activitymonitoring, track & trace=> low power / long range

EMG, EEG, ECG on flex pcb

SiP: 3D BGA stackingfull system on 14 x 14 x 12 mmlow power 15 mW @ 1 Mbps / 50 m

geo-fencing / track & trace

Man overboard trackingsimilar for location based services

=> on board intelligence important


14/28

12.10.2007


Slide 14


m


CONFIDENTIAL

Typical industrial & environmental applications

Building automation: domotics, metering

Industrial automation, e.g. processmonitoring, object tracking

Asset management: track & trace

Automotive, e.g.traffic monitoring, traffic

control, LBS=> long lifetime (10+ year)

Security

Military, e.g. battlefield surveillance

Environmental monitoring, e.g.

agriculture, habitat, seismic, marine=> deployment in large quantities andover large areas


15/28

12.10.2007


Slide 15


m


CONFIDENTIAL

Added value of wireless sensor networks

Deployment costWired = high infrastructure cost ~ number of sensors & application area [m]=> large application areas or high number of sensors

Flexibilitysensor location can be changed easily,network is easily expandable (10 => 10 000 sensors)

Mobility=> moving objects (e.g. automotive, people)

Track & trace for moving objects

Network = interaction between nodes

Constraints Low power

Lack ofstandardisation


16/28

12.10.2007


Slide 16



CONFIDENTIAL

Sensor node hardware architecture

Motion node hardware

Antenna

COTS radio

C

Power circuit

ADC

M

EMSsensors

Battery

UART

SPI

Case: motion node

Generic


17/28

12.10.2007


Slide 17



CONFIDENTIAL

Software architecture and building blocks

Data logging &visualisationBase station /pers. hubapplication

DescriptionSwans building

blocks

ProprietaryBase station /pers. hubcommunication

ProprietaryData transfer

ProprietaryWirelesscommunication

Sensor interfaceData acquisition

SchedulerOS

Inertial: strap-down, Kalman

Embeddedalgorithms

OSI network layer model


18/28

12.10.2007


Slide 18

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

Parameters for a sensor network configuration

100 Hzinterval: days to seclongData update interval

1610 10 000highNumber of sensors2 h sufficientdays to yearshighLifetime / Autonomy

1 5000

m to km

1 100 kbits/s

Typical value

3000 acceptable

10 m

250 kbits/s

Swans full motion

low

medium

low

TargetParameter

Sensor cost

Range

Bandwidth

Deployment

Mobility

Infrastructure & topology

Coverage Connectivity

Quality of Service

Communication medium

Sensor homogeneity

Certification

Standardisation / interoperability


19/28

12.10.2007


Slide 19

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

What about a standard ?

Number of sensors

Powe

r

UWB

Zigbee

WirelessHart

WavenisGreenpeak/Ubiwave

Bluetooth

Wibree

Wifi

WiMax

gsm

6lowpan

BTnode

IMEC

Wisa

Establishedstandard

Target area

Non maturestandard

Proprietary


20/28

12.10.2007


Slide 20

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

Low power is essential for low cost deployment

Dynamic power management:

duty cycling, external event trigger (e.g. radio, piezo-sensor for stepcounter), shutting down / switching off functions like sensing, radio,processor, deep sleep mode,

Dynamic Scaling:

Voltage or frequency reduction, adaptive depending on workload,asynchronous logic,

Data reduction: intelligent algorithms reduce data transfer volumee.g. compression, only sending relevant events, on board interpretation,

Ultra low power building blocks: processor architecture, memory,

transceiver, sensors, ADC,


21/28

12.10.2007


Slide 21

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

Power sources: overview

Wireless

sensors

Power

source

Fuel combustion

Batteries

Thermal

Vibration

Energyharvesting

Solar

Fuel cells

Microturbine

Classics

Sheet-like

New chemicals


22/28

12.10.2007


Slide 22

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

Power sources : battery evolution

Classics: NiCd

Improved: Ni-MH=> commodities

Current standard: Li Li-ion

Li-polymers

=> mobile phones

Latest state-of-the-art Li-S: dense, lightweight,

high voltage, high current

Battery = limited lifetime +waste problem


23/28

12.10.2007


Slide 23

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

Power sources: some other trends

Micro fuel cells

Flexible batteries

Thin film solar cells

Electro-mechanical conversion

Ultra-capacitors


24/28

12.10.2007


Slide 24

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

Power source: vibration energy scavenger

Working principle MEMS element picks up environmental vibration

transforms vibration into electrical energy

capacitive or piezo-electrical or electro-magnetic

Specifications from 10 W average up to 1 mW peak

some mm

Applications Motors & rotating equipment

Wearables

Vehicles (distribute sensing)

Status

technological demonstrators


25/28

12.10.2007


Slide 25

www.master

sininnovation.com


CONFIDENTIAL

Power source: thermal scavenger

Working principle

Seebeck / Peltier effect

V ~T Specifications & advantages

from 10 W average up to 1 mW peak

some mm

human body: ~10 mW/cm2

Applications

Motors

Wearables

Cooling / heating devices

Status technological demonstrators


26/28

12.10.2007


Slide 26

www.master

sininnovation.c

om


CONFIDENTIAL

The future: challenges & trends

Low power building blocks: sensor, radio, processor

On board intelligence to reduce radio transmission, e.g. triggered by events

Efficient bandwidth use

Long lasting power supply, e.g. energy harvesting

Standardisation / Interoperability

Robust and fault tolerant protocols

Self configuring (dynamic) network configuration

Security / privacy

Synchronisation

Services


27/28

12.10.2007


Slide 27

www.master

sininnovation.c

om


CONFIDENTIAL

Conclusion

Opportunities for wireless sensor network applications are numerous

However, the enabling technologies are not yet mature

A multi-disciplinary approach and optimization is a key factor for succes

Continued effort in development is critical for gaining maturity


28/28

12.10.2007


Slide 28

www.mastersininnovation.c

om


CONFIDENTIAL

Verhaert New Products & Services nvHogenakkerhoekstraat 21

9150 Kruibeke

Belgium

Tel +32 (0)3 250 19 00

Fax +32 (0)3 254 10 08

www.verhaert.com

[email protected]


Documents

Wireless Distributed Sensor Networksverhaer