Winforms C

8/14/2019 Winforms C

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Windows Forms

Chng 4


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Ni dung

ng dng Windows FormsForm

ControlsS hp l ca d liung dng MDI


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ng dng Windows Forms


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Kiu ng dng pht trin biVisual Studio


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Kiu ng dng pht trin biVisual Studio

WinForms L th vin cho php nh pht trin to ng dng chy

trn nn Windows c nh ngha trong khng gian tn

System.Windows.Forms

Trong ca s New Project, chn Templates WindowsApplication to ng dng WinForms

WebForms L th vin lp cho php to ng dng chy trn nn

Web c nh ngha trong khng gian tn System.Web

Etc.


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Visual Studio - Ca s SolutionExplorerCa s Solution

Explorer cho bit dn hin hnh cngvi cu trc phn cp

ca cc tp tin trongtng d n


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Visual Studio - Hp cng cToolBoxCa s ny cha ng cc

control WinForms,WebForms, ActiveX,dng to giao din

ca trnh ng dng


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Visual Studio - Ca s thuc tnhPropertiesCa s thuc tnh cho

php xem v thit lpgi tr cc thuc tnhca form, controls, etc.


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ng dng WinForms

User Interface

Program


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Cc tp tin ca ng dngWinForms

*.sln Tp tin Solution (vn bn)

*.cs Tp tin cha nh ngha v form & m lnh

bn trong *.resx Tp tin ti nguyn

*.csproj Tp tin d n (tp tin XML)

Cc tp tin khc


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S kin v x l s kin

User Interface

User action clicking the buttonWhen Save Clicked()

{ Display Message(Save Button);}

When Print Clicked()

{ Display Message(Print Button);}

EventEvent Handler


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Ni dung




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Ca s (Form)


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Form Form: ca s c lp trnh hin th d liu

& nhn thng tin t pha ngi dng Mt form l 1 lp trong ng dng WinForms Mt s thuc tnh ph bin:

BackColor: mu nn ForeColor: mu ch Text: tiu form Font: font ch ca form Name: tn lp ca form

Thuc tnh c th thay i nh m lnh hocca s thuc tnh


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Form - Thuc tnh

Thay i thuc tnh ca form bng m lnh:. = ; Th d:

this.BackColor = Color.Red;

Thay i thuc tnh

ca form bngca s thuc tnh:


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Form - Phng thc

Mt s phng thc ph bin:Show(): th hin form ln mn hnhShowDialog(): th hin form ln mn hnh dng hp thoi

Activate() : form c kch hot (active)Hide(): n form iClose(): ng form li v gii phng ti nguyn

Gi thc thi phng thc:. (Tham s)

Th d:DialogForm myForm = New DialogForm();

myForm.Show(); //Th hin Form trng thi bnh thngmyForm.ShowDialog(); //Th hin Form dng hp thoimyForm.Activate(); myForm.Hide(); myForm.Close();


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Form - S kin Mt s s kin:

Load: Xy ra khi th hin u tin ca Form c Load lnmn hnh.

Activated: Xy ra khi Form c kch hot.Deactivated: Xy ra khi Form mt kch hot.

FormClosing: Xy ra khi Form ang trong qu trnh ng li. Lu : S kin Loadc s dng khi to gi tr ca cc thnh

phn trong Form. S kin FormClosing& FormClosed thng c s dng

thu hi ti nguyn c cp pht cho Form.


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X l s kin trn Form

Tnevent

EventHandlers


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V d x l s kin trn Form

Ngn thao tc ng form ca ngi dng: X l s kin FormClosing, t thuc tnh Cancel ca

i tng FormClosingEventArgs l true


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S lin kt gia cc form trongng dng

To mt i tng Form Th hin Form ln mn hnh nh phng thc

Show()

= new ();.Show();

Th d:

ImageForm NewForm = new ImageForm();

NewForm.Show();


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Ni dung




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Controls


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Khi nim Controls l cc thnh phn c sn to giao

din tng tc vi ngi dng Trong WinForms, lp Controls l lp c s cho

cc controls khc


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Thuc tnh ca controls

Mt s thuc tnh ph bin:Thuc tnh ngha

BackColor Mu nn

ForeColor Mu ch

Name Tn ca control (tn i tng)

Enabled Control c s dng hay khng?

Visible Control c hin th hay khng?

Text Chui xut hin trn control


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Truy cp thnh vin ca controls

Truy cp thnh vin ca 1 control bng m lnh:.

Th d: button1.Enabled = true;textBox1.Clear();

Khi controls c t trn form, controls l d liuthnh vin ca form (tn d liu thnh vinchnh l tn controls)


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Label

ComboBox

ListBox

CheckedListBox

Button

TextBox


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Controls trn form


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Mt s controls

Label NumericUpDownButton ListViewRadioButton TreeViewTextBox ImageListListBox MenuCheckedBox MenuStripCheckedListBox ContextMenuStripComboBox Timer GroupBoxPictureBox


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Label Dng hin th d liu cho ngi dng Mt i tng thuc lp Label c to ra khi 1

Label c thm vo form


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Button

Dng xc nhn hnh ng hay 1 thao tc ca ngi dng Mt i tng Button c to ra khi 1 Button c thm vo form Thuc tnh

Image: Hnh nh trn Button.FlatStyle: Hnh dng ca Button (Flat, Popup, Standard, and

System)

Phng thc

Focus(): Button nhn c tiu im S kinClick: Xy ra khi button c nhp chut vo


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RadioButton L control cho php nhn d liu Yes/No, nhng cc

RadioButton cng 1 nhm th khng th chn ng thi Mt i tng RadioButton c to ra khi 1

RadioButton c t ln form Thuc tnh

Checked: Xc nh control ang trng thi no (true/false)

S kin CheckedChanged: Xy ra khi gi tr ca thuc tnh Checked

b thay i


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CheckedBox c s dng nhn thng tin dng Yes/No Mt i tng CheckedBox c to ra khi 1 CheckedBox

c t ln form Cc thuc tnh, phng thc, s kin tng t RadioButton

Th d:


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TextBox

Dng nhn/hin th d liu t pha ngi dng Thuc tnh

Multiline: TextBox c nhn nhiu dng vn bn hay khng(Mc nh gi tr ny l false)

CharacterCasing: t ng chuyn i d liu nhp caTextBox thnh dng tng ng (Normal, Upper, Lower) PasswordChar: K t hin th thay th khi nhp Font: Font ch ca TextBox

Phng thcClear(): Xa trng TextBoxFocus(): TextBox nhn c tiu im (input focus), sn sng

nhn d liu t bn phm


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TextBox S kin

KeyPress: Xy ra khi ngi dng nhn gi 1 phm c mAscii t bn phm

KeyDown: Xy ra khi ngi dng nhn 1 phm t bnphm

KeyUp: Xy ra khi ngi dng th 1 phm t bn phm Leave: Xy ra khi tiu im (input focus) va thot khi

TextBox Validating: Xy ra trc khi tiu im thot khi TextBox.

C th dng kim tra s hp l ca d liu nhn Th d:


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Cc ListBoxes

S dng hin th mt danh sch cho ngi dng la chn WinForms h tr 2 loi list box:

ListBox

CheckedListBox

Mt i tng ListBox/CheckedListBox c to ra mi khi1 ListBox/CheckedListBox c thm vo form


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ListBox Thuc tnh

Items: tp cc phn t trong ListBoxSelectedIndex: xc nh ch s ca mc ang hin thi

c chn trong ListBox, phn t u tin c ch s 0 SelectedItems: tp cc mc ang c chn

SelectedValue: gi tr ca mc ang c chn Phng thc

ClearSelected: xa ht cc la chn trn ListBoxSetSelected(int, bool): chn hoc khng chn 1 mc

trong danh schGetSelected(int): tr v 1 gi tr bool ch ra phn t nht

nh c c la chn hay khng


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ListBox S kin

SelectedIndexChanged: xy ra khi gi trca thuc tnh SelectedIndex thay i

SelectedValueChanged: xy ra khi gi trca thuc tnh SelectedValue thay i

Th d: S dng thuc tnh i tng Items thm cc mc vo ListBox. Vit m lnh x l trong hm x l s kin Load ca Form. Ngoi ra thuc tnh i tng Items cn c mt s thuc tnh &

phng thc khc: Count, Clear, Insert, RemoveAt, Item


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CheckedListBox CheckedListBox cng h tr cc thnh vin ging nh ListBox;

bn cnh control ny cn c nhng c im ring. Thuc tnh

CheckedIndies: tp cc ch s ca cc phn t c la chnchecked)

CheckedItems: tp hp cc phn t c chn (checked). Th d:CheckedIndies={1,2}CheckedItems={Lm Quang H, Trn Trung Trc}


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CheckedListBox Phng thc

SetItemChecked: thit lp mc c ch s xc nh c chn(checked).

GetItemChecked: kim tra mc c ch s xc nh c checkedhay khng

SetItemCheckState: xc lp trng thi checked ca 1 mc

xc nh Th d: S dng phng thc SetItemCheckState


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ListView

Cho php hin th mt danh sch cc phn t dngthc c bit. ListView c 4 kiu sau: Text only: mc nh Text with small icon Text with large icon Detail view: cc phn t hin th nhiu ct

ListView k tha cc tnh nng ca CheckedListBox Thuc tnh

CheckBoxes: mi phn t trongds c 1 checkbox ng trc

Items: tp cc phn t trongdanh sch

MultiSelect: danh sch c nhiula chn hay khng


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V d ListView


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TreeView Cho php hin th d liu dng phn cp

Mt i tng TreeView c to ra mi khi 1 TreeViewc t ln form

TreeView h tr hu ht cc thnh vin ca ListView Thuc tnh

ImageList: ds cc nh c hin th mi nt.

Nodes: ds cc nt.SeletedNode: nt hin thi c la chn.

Phng thcGetNodeAt: truy xut 1 nt v tr xc nh trong TreeView.GetNodeCount: tng s nt.

S kin BeforeSelect/AfterSelect: xy ra trc/sau khi 1 nt c chn BeforeCollapse/AfterCollapse: xy ra trc/sau khi thu hp 1 nt BeforeExpand/AfterExpand: xy ra trc/sau khi 1 m rng 1 nt


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TreeView

V d: Hin th 10 khch hng, mikhch hng c 5 n t hng.

Thit k cc lp Khch hng &t hng.

To TreeView nh hnh


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TreeView


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ComboBox L control kt hp gia TextBox v ListBox Mt i tng ComboBox c to ra khi 1 ComboBox

c t ln form Thuc tnh

DropDownStyle: kiu ca ComboBox; gm c Simple,

DropDown, DropDownList

Simple DropDown DropDownList


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GroupBox L control dng nhm cc controls khc Th d:


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PictureBox Dng hin th hnh nh Mt i tng PictureBox c to ra khi 1

PictureBox c t ln form. Thuc tnh

Image: Xc nh i tng hnh nh cn hin th.SizeMode: xc nh cch thc nh c hin th(AutoSize, CenterImage, Normal, StretchImage)


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NumericUpDown

Cho php hin th mt s c th tng hay gim n mtgi tr xc nh Mt i tng NumericUpDown c to ra khi mt

NumericUpDown c t ln form. Thuc tnh

Increment: Gi tr s mi ln NumericUpDown tng hoc gimMaximum, Minimum: gi tr ln nht (nh nht) caNumericUpDown

Value: gi tr hin hnh ca NumericUpDown

Phng thcDownButton, UpButton: gim/tng gi tr hin hnh ca

NumericUpDown 1 lng bng Increment S kin

ValueChanged: xy ra khi NumericUpDown thay i gi tr


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ImageList

Dng lu cc hnh nh v cho php chng hinth cc controls khc nhau.

Mt i tng ImageList c to ra khi mtImageList c t ln form.

Thuc tnh Images: tp hp cc nh ca ImageList

ImageSize: kch thc ca cc nh c trong ImageList


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Menu L mt loi control trong ngi dng c th la chn

cc mc thc thi t mt danh sch cho trc Phn loi

Menu th xung (MenuStrip): l dng menu thng dng nht Menu bt ra/Menu ng cnh (ContextMenuStrip): thng

hin th khi ta n nt phi chut

Trong hp

cng c Trong ng dngMDI khi thit k

Trong hpcng c

Lc thc thing dng


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MenuStrip MenuStrip l lp cho php to cc menu

Cc mc con ca 1 i tng MenuStrip lToolStripMenuItem hoc ToolStripMenuSeparator

Thuc tnh ca ToolStripMenuItemChecked: l True nu c du trc mc menu con

Image: biu tng nh xut hin trc mi mc menu conShortcutKeys: xc lp phm tt

S kin ca ToolStripMenuItemClick: Xy ra khi ngi dng Click chn mc menu

ToolStripMenuItem

ToolStripMenuSeparator


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MenuStrip


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ContextMenuStrip

L control cho php ngi dng truy cp cc mctrn menu nh thao tc nhp chut phi

Sau khi ContextMenuStrip c to ra, chng sc gn vi mt control khc nh vo thuc tnhContextMenuStrip ca control

Cch thc to ContextMenuStrip tng t cch

thc to MenuStrip


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Timer L control p ng li s tri i ca thi gian. Mt i tng Timer c to ra khi mt Timer

c t ln form. Thuc tnh

Enabled: cho php qun l thi gian thc thi.

Interval: Khong thi gian gia 2 s kin. Phng thcStart: khi ng control thi gian.Stop: ngng control thi gian.

S kin

Tick: Xy ra sau 1 khong thi gian c ch nhtrong Interval


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Timer Th d:

ng h s:

Thuc tnh: Interval = 1000Enabled = true

S kin Tick:


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Mt s controls khc

DateTimePickerLinkedLabelTrackBarPanel

TabControlRichTextBoxProgressBarToolTipToolBarStatusBar


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Hp thoi (Dialog)

c dng : Hin th thng ip n ngi dng Nhn thng tin t pha ngi dng

Cc loi


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Cc loi hp thoi

OpenFileDialogPageSetUpDialogFontDialogColorDialogSaveFileDialogPrintPreviewDialogPrintDialog

Custom dialog boxes

Common dialog boxes


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OpenFileDialog


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FontDialog


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ColorDialog


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Hp thng ip - MessageBox

L loi hp thoi cho php hin th cc thng ipVD: MessageBox.Show([Message]);

Phng thc tnh Show() ca lp MessageBox c 12kiu khc nhau (np chng)

Overloadpublic static DialogResult Show(string);

public static DialogResult Show(IWin32Window, string);

public static DialogResult Show(string, string);

public static DialogResult Show(IWin32Window, string, string);

public static DialogResult Show(string, string, MessageBoxButtons);

public static DialogResult Show(IWin32Window, string string, MessageBoxButtons);

public static DialogResult Show(string, string, MessageBoxButtons, MessageBoxIcon);


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Hp thng ip - MessageBoxOverload

public static DialogResult Show(IWin32Window, string, string, string, MessageBoxButtons,MessageBoxIcon);

public static dialogResultShow(string, string, MessageBoxButtons, MessageBoxIcon,MessageBoxDefaultButton);

public static DialogResult Show(IWin32Window, string, string, MessageBoxButtons,MessageBoxIcon, MessageBoxDefaultButton);

public static DialogResult Show(string, string, MessageBoxButtons, MessageBoxIcon,MessageBoxDefaultButton, MessageBoxOptions);

public static DialogResult Show(IWin32Window, string, string, MessageBoxIcon,MessageBoxDefaultButton, MessageBoxOptions);


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Hp thng ip - MessageBox

Sinh vin t tm hiu: IWin32WindowMessageBoxButtonsMessageBoxIcon

MessageBoxDefaultButtonMessageBoxOptions


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Ni dung

ng dng Windows FormsFormControlsS hp l ca d liung dng MDI


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S hp l ca d liu


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S hp l ca d liu

S hp l mc trngS hp l mc form

Mt s s kin c dng

EnterLeave

ValidatingValidated

Cc loi kim tra

Th t cc s kin


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S hp l mc trng Kim tra s hp l tng trng S dng cc s kin Enter, Leave, Validating,

Validated Mt s s kin bn phm: KeyPress, KeyDown,

KeyUp S dng mt s thuc tnh ca control lc thit k:

MaxLength, Locked, PasswordChar VD: Mt s phng thc kim tra d liu ca lp

Char: IsNumber, IsDigit, IsLetter, IsLower, IsUpper,GetNumericValue, IsLetterOrDigit, Parse


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S hp l mc form

Kim tra s hp l ca tt c cc trng trn form 1 thi im no

Cho php kch hot hay khng kch hot 1 thnhphn no


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ErrorProvider Control c s dng hin th icon li khi ngi dng thao

tc li trn mt control no trn form

Thuc tnh BlinkRate: xc nh tc nhp nhy ca icon li

BlinkStyle: xc nh cch thc m icon nhp nhy trncontrol(AlwaysBlink, BlinkDifferentError & NeverBlink)

Icon: ng dn ch n icon li

Phng thc

GetError: nhn v chui thng bo li SetError: xc lp chui thng bo li trn mt control xc nh


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ErrorProvider Control

VD: X l ngoi l khi k t ngi dng nhp khngphi l s.


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Ni dung

ng dng Windows FormsFormControlsS hp l ca d liung dng MDI


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ng dng MDI


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SDI - Single Document Interface

NewDocument

ng dng SDIch c mt

ca s ti mtthi im

Khng th m nhiu form ti cng 1 thi im Nu mun m nhiu form th cn to nhiu th hinca ng dng


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MDI - Multiple Document Interface

Nhiu ti liu ng dng MDI nhmnhiu ti liu trong mt

n v duy nht

ng dng MDI gip ta c th thao tc vi nhiu ca strong cng 1 thi im


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MDI - Multiple Document Interface

Ca s con

Ca s cha


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To ca s MDI (ca s cha)

IsMdiContainer= true


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To ca s con ca ca s MDI

S dng thuc tnh MdiParent.MdiParent = ;.Show();

Th d: Gi s ca s hin hnh l 1 MDI formfrmTravelEntry f = new frmTravelEntry();f.MdiParent = this;f.Show();


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c im ca ng dng MDI ng form cha th tt c cc form con u b ng li c im ca form cha

Hin th khi ng dng khi ng L khung cha cho cc ca s khc Hin th menu ca cc form con Ch c duy nht mt form cha C th m nhiu form con ti mt thi im

c im ca form con Khng th di chuyn khi vng hin th ca form cha

M form con


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Sp xp ca s con

TitleCascade

Documents

Winforms C