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TERMS:CONSTITUTION LIMITED GOVERNMENT UNWRITTEN CONSTITUTIONCONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT PARLIAMENTWRITTEN CONSTITUTION
DEMOCRACYREPUBLIC FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
The Student will be able to . . . Describe the diverse features of the early
American colonies and state and their populations
Explain what the Founders learned about government from history and their firsthand experiences with government
Describe the forms of constitutional governments
Evaluate, take and defend positions on the sources that should be consulted if a new constitution for the United Sates were being written today
Defend: Are the Founders’ concerns about abuse of government power still valid today?
CHARACTERISTICS OF COLONIAL AMERICA Size
The colonies were bigger than England & Scotland More than 1,000 miles from north to south of
colonies Diverse Background
Puritans to Quakers Economic Reasons (poor to rich) Different Languages (English, Dutch, French,
Germany) Social/Political Cultures
Huge estates to family farms (slavery in every colony)
Mostly Rural/Trade people
HOW DID THE FOUNDING FATHERS LEARN ABOUT GOVERNMENT?
Greece and Rome Aristotle, Cicero
Those who govern must be wise Government should help people learn about and perform
their civic and moral duties Democracies begin well, but usually end in tyranny
Hobbes and Locke Hobbes – “State of Nature”
Live in conflict/violent. Choose to set up a state to create order out of chaos
Locke – “Social Contract” Government should protect “life, liberty and estate”
100 Years of self-government Local self-government existed with a remote authority
WHAT DID THE FOUNDERS LEARN?
1. Government should be the servant, not the master, of the people
2. A fundamental higher law, or CONSTITUTION should limit government
FORMS OF GOVERNMENT TO CHOOSE FROM
Every “STATE” must perform 3 functions: 1. Deliberate about what is to be done and
decide what public policy should be Legislative Function: Deliberating on and Enacting
Law
2. Perform an executive function Carry out Public Policy
3. Carry Out a Judicial Function Interpretation of law are managed and applied to
every day life
ARISTOTLE’S TYPES OF GOVERNMENT
Rule of Right Form Corrupt Form
ONE Monarchy Tyranny
FEW Aristocracy Oligarchy
MANY Polity(mixed constitution)
Democracy(when poor take over from the ruling group)
MIXED CONSTITUTIONS Polybius: A mix of the types of
government Rule of One; Rule of a Few; Rule of the Many
England The Monarchy Parliament
House of Lords House of Commons
The Colonies The Monarchy Elected Representatives
WHAT IS A CONSTITUTION?
A plan that sets forth the structure and powers of government
The power of each instrument of government How the constitution can be changed
Most constitutions are written out Only 3 current democracies DO NOT have a
single written out format of their government England, Israel and New Zealand
Limited Government Restraints on governmental powers
HIGHER LAW The Founding Fathers saw the Constitution
as “Higher Law” 1. It sets forth the basic rights of citizens 2. It establishes the responsibility of the
government to protect those rights 3. It establishes limitations on how those in
government may use their power with regard to citizens’ rights and responsibilities, the distribution of resources, and the control or management of conflict
4. It can be changed only with the consent of the citizens and according to established and well-known procedures
LESSON REVIEW Get in your STUDY GROUPS Discuss and answer the “Reviewing
and Using the Lesson” questions on page 10
Each group must be ready to present the answer to a specific question, citing the book, to the class
STUDY GROUPS 1ST PERIOD
Group One: Tanner, Ari, Mikel, Keziah
Group Two: Jacob, Patricia, Joseph, Ryan
Group Three: Brittney, Nadia, Nick, Rene
Group Four: Danielle, Drew, Jordan, Michael
Group Five: Kyle, Montoya, Katrina, Emma
Group Six: Garrett, Quinn, Scott, Nathan
STUDY GROUPS: 4TH PERIOD
Group One: Mariah, Meghan, Catherine
Group Two: Bridgett, Ashley, Rosamaria
Group Three: Joel, Adam, David
Group Four: Kori, Brett, Jeffrey
Group Five: Alex, Matt, Taylor, Mercedes
Group Six: Amanda, Alexis, Kristi
LESSON ONE: REVIEW
Identify at least three characteristics of the British colonies
What important lessons did the founding generation learn from political theory and political history?
What is the difference between “LIMITED” and “UNLIMITED” government? Do you think the difference is important? Why or Why Not?
What is a “CONSTITUTION?” What is a mixed constitution? Explain the advantages
and disadvantages of this type of government? Why is a constitution considered a higher law, and what
are the major characteristics of a higher law? According to Aristotle, what are the differences between
right and corrupt forms of government?