Upload
clyde-kennedy
View
216
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Welcome to the Board!
(and did we mention your Fiduciary Responsibility?)
Fiduciary Responsibility and Financial Reporting
An Overview
Topics for our discussion
• The basic financial statements and tax filings• Fiduciary responsibilities: cash management, investments,
spending policies• Best practice for policies and procedures• Typical organization structure • Board structure and governance – monitoring asset restrictions• Management’s responsibility- establishing a “tone” of
compliance• Preventing fraud
Basic Financial Statements and Tax Filings
• Statement of Financial Position (a balance sheet)• Statement of Activities (profit and loss)• Statement of Cash Flows (what generates cash
and how it gets used)• Notes to the Financial Statements (disclosures
and “the story behind the numbers”)• Federal tax filing on Form 990
Standard Audit ReportINDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT
To the Board of Directors ofABC Organization
Report on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying financial statements of ABC Organization (a nonprofit organization), which comprise the statement of financial position as of June 30, 20X1, and the related statements of activities, functional expenses, and cash flows for the year then ended and the related notes to the financial statements.
Management’s Responsibility for the Financial Statements
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Auditors’ Responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.
An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors’ judgment, including the assessment of the risk of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the Organization’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Organization’s internal control. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.
Standard Audit Report Continued
Opinion
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Organization as of June 30, 20X1, and the changes in its net assets and its cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Report on Summarized Comparative Information
We have previously audited the Organization’s 20X0 financial statements, and our report dated October 2, 20X1, expressed an unmodified opinion on those audited financial statements. In our opinion, the summarized comparative information presented herein as of and for the year ended June 30, 20X0, is consistent, in all material respects, with the audited financial statements from which it has been derived.
City, StateReport Date
Statement of Financial Position
20X1 20X0
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 29,907 $ 15,655
Unconditional promises to give 198,188 190,304
Accounts receivable 4,635 1,355
Prepaid expenses 6,402 8,845
Long-term investments 64,875 13,282
Property and equipment 648,410 664,342
TOTAL ASSETS $ 952,417 $ 893,783
20X1 20X0
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable $ 6,291 $ 3,445
Accrued expenses 4,284 8,145
Notes payable 79,991 85,930
TOTAL LIABILITIES 90,566 97,520
NET ASSETS
Unrestricted 362,857 356,166
Temporarily restricted 492,125 435,932
Permanently restricted 6,869 4,165
TOTAL NET ASSETS 861,851 796,263
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS $ 952,417 $ 893,783
Statement of Activities Temporarily Permanently Total
Unrestricted Restricted Restricted 20X1 20X0
Revenue and support Government contracts $ 1,265,431 $ - $ - $ 1,265,431 $ 1,062,785 Contributions and special events 400,301 64,823 2,704 467,828 362,791 Grants 53,879 13,751 - 67,630 65,430 Services and fees 21,652 - - 21,652 26,753 Other revenues 5,674 - - 5,674 4,568
Net assets released from restrictions 23,756 (23,756) - - - Total revenue and support 1,770,693 54,818 2,704 1,828,215 1,522,327
Expense Program 1,230,421 - - 1,230,421 943,376 Management and general 467,935 - - 467,935 443,991 Fundraising 82,364 - - 82,364 79,212
Total expense 1,780,720 - - 1,780,720 1,466,579
Change in net assets from operations (10,027) 54,818 2,704 47,495 55,748
Investment income, net 16,718 1,375 - 18,093 15,314
Change in net assets 6,691 56,193 2,704 65,588 71,062
Net assets, beginning of year 356,166 435,932 4,165 796,263 725,201
Net assets, end of year $ 362,857 $ 492,125 $ 6,869 $ 861,851 $ 796,263
Federal Form 990
• Informational form for Tax Exempt Entities• Has been significantly revamped in recent years• Reports on financial results and compliance
with the organization’s mission• Contains a section that covers the organization
policies• Is subject to public inspection
State Level Reporting
• Varies by state• Often supervised by State Attorney General,
Secretary of State, or Consumer affairs• May require additional filings specific to that
state• May require a copy of Form 990• Filings also may be publicly available
Fiduciary Responsibilities
• Cash – that it gets spent toward the mission of the organization on items that are approved, legal, appropriate and for reasonable amounts
• Investments – that invested funds are properly managed to provide a return for the organization and that the types of investments are appropriate
• Liabilities – that liabilities are incurred for approved expenditures or long term financing
Fiduciary Responsibilities
• Net assets – organized and presented by type of restriction
• Unrestricted (including Board designated)• Temporarily Restricted – restriction based on time
period or specific purpose• Permanently Restricted – restriction established
by donor, corpus not available for general use, often may be invested
Supporting Policies and Procedures
• Employee manuals that outline approved policy• Multi – level approval process for expenditures
– department heads or senior staff• Regular monthly financial reporting and
comparison to budgets with explanation of variances
Typical Organization Structure
• Board of Directors with Committee Structure– Finance committee/Audit Committee/Investment
Committee• Executive Director• Finance Director (or Controller/Bookkeeper)• Accounting staff• Program Directors
Board Structure and Governance
• Structure based on size of organization• Look for specific expertise – legal, accounting, human
resources• Form 990 requirement for Board review and approval• Finance Committee – most common, reviews financial results, may function as
audit and investment committee if not practical to have separate committee
Board Structure and Governance
• Audit committee – will oversee relationship with outside auditors and
may include members who are not on the Board itself
– Will review and approve outside auditors’ report on financial statements
– Many larger organizations are establishing audit committees
Board Structure and Governance
• Investment Committee– Oversees investment portfolio– Hires and oversees work of professional money
managers– Monitors investment results– Makes decision on types of investments– Monitors compliance with asset restrictions– Fair value – Level 1, 2 and 3 type assets
Management’s Responsibilities
• Executive Director – “the buck stops here”, establish a “tone” of compliance for the organization
• Finance Director – regular financial reporting process and day to day oversight
• Program Directors – budget monitoring, use of staff resources
Preventing Fraud
• Determine what creates opportunities• Identify common types of fraud • Outline best practices for prevention• Set a tone of the organization• Regular monitoring of policies• Monitor related parties• Segregation of duties• Question variances
Howard Cheney, [email protected](413) 322-3491
Melyssa Brown, [email protected](413) 322-3484
Thank You!