Webdynpro Interview Questions

1) Types of ABAP UI Technologies Ans: Webdynpro for ABAP, BSP

2) MVC Architecture Concepts and usage of the same in ABAP Webdynpro Ans: As per the MVC Architecture there is a clear separation between flow logic, view and theBusinessLogic. View holds all the UI elements that are visible in the UI,Controllers have the flow logic.Controllers are of different kind (Component Controller, View Conroller,Window Controller). Business logic is held in the Model which is in the form of Assistance class in webdynpro context.

3) Difference Between the View Container and the Transparent Container Ans: View Container holds the views, there can be multiple views assigned to the viewcontainer but only one view can be active(viewed) at a time. Transparent holds the webdynpro UI elements, A layout type can be associated with it.

4) What does a Model Class Consists of Ans: Model Class is the Assitance class in webdynpro. It contains the Business Logic inthe form of methods, Global data & Constants in the form of Class Attributes.The Model class can beaccessed in webdynpro component using the attributewd_assist->.Note: All the visibility properties of the Classare applicable whenaccessing the class using theobject wd_assist.

5) What is an Assistance Class and How is it Instantiated in Webdynpro Ans: Assistance Class is the model class which would act as the data provider for the webdynpro component and it is instantiated by the webdynpro component during the run time and no explicat instantation is required.

6) Design Patterns in Webdynpro(GAF,OIF,QAF Etc) Refer to the link: FPM Concepts in Webdynpro

7) How do you debug an web based Application (Could be from ABAP Webdynpro, BSP or CRM Web UI) Ans: External break-points should be used to debug web UI's.

8) How do you create a ALV Report/Editable ALV in Webdynpro Ans: ->Add the Standard ALV component to the web dynpro Component. ->Use Components tab:Ex: ALV_MATS type SLV_WD_TABLE ->Create a context node with the table field information to be displayed ->Write the ALV Default Code for table display ->Set the read only attribute to false to switch to editable mode using the method set_read_only of the interface IF_SALV_WD_TABLE_SETTINGSimplementing class CL_SALV_WD_CONFIG_TABLE).

9) How do you Navigate between Views in Webdynpro Ans: Navigation between Views is through Plugs(Inbound and Outbound),

10)Usage of Plugs in Webdynpro Ans: Plugs are used to Navigate between the views. Parameters can be passed usingthe plugs similar to interface parameters of function module or a class method.

11) Usage of Webdynpro Component Controller Ans: Component controller is used to the store the Global attributes and Methodsof thecomponent. Attributes/methods declared in the component controller arevisible through out the component and they are accessed using the attributewd_comp_controller outside of component controller(like views,windows etc) All the context nodes defined in the component controller are visible in all the views and windows of the component. Ex: if a variable called gv_count is defined in the component controller, it can beaccessed in the view using thesyntax wd_comp_controller->gv_count.

12) How do you access a Context Nodes and elements Programmatically Code required for accessing the Context Nodes can be written using the webdynpro code wizard. For Ex: if there exists a Node Node1 with cardinality 1:1 and has 3 Attributes to itAtt1, Att2,Att3. The attributes can be accessed using the below code.

data: lo_nd_node1 type ref to if_wd_context_node. data: lo_el_node1 type ref to if_wd_context_element. data: ls_node1 type wd_this->element_node1.

lo_nd_node1 = wd_context->get_child_node ( name = wd_this->wdctx_node1 ). lo_el_node1 = lo_nd_node1->get_element( ).

**Read Node1 lo_el_node1->get_static_attributes( importing static_attributes = ls_node1 ).

**Write to Node1 lo_el_node1->set_static_attributes( exporting static_attributes = ls_node1 ).

13) Message Areas in Webdynpro Message areas are created in views to display messages (Error,Success,Warning,Info). WD allows to have multiple Message errors in a view but throws an error when the view is displayed. Use the code wizard to get code for raising error messages. Few of the message classes and methods are: Interface: if_wd_message_manager. methods: report_t100_message.(used to report message from the message class)

14) Concept of OTR(Online Text Repository) and its Usage OTR's are similar to text elements in ABAP. OTR's are created for UI texts and texts can be maintained in multiple language. OTR's can be created using the transaction: SOTR_EDIT

15) Concept of Interface Views If the views of a different components are need to be used in a webdynpro component mark the view as interface view and use it in another component. It's similar to using a include in a program. A Interface view of the component can be used in any no of components. this concept supports the reusuability of the views.

16) Sequence of Webdynpro Events: Ex: WDDOINIT,WDMODIFYVIEW,WDAFTERACTION, WDBEFOREACTION etc Sequence: WDDOINIT of the component controller, WDDOINIT of the Window Controller, WDDOINIT of the View Controller, WDMODIFYVIEW(On Input/Display on any UI Element). WDBEFOREACTION(Method for validation of user input, Once the user action happens on the UI) WDAFTERACTION(Method for non-action specific operations before Navigation) WDDOEXIT( Exit from the View/Window/Component Controller)

17)Can a Component have Multiple Applications Yes, For a given webdynpro component any no of applications can be created. Applications are similar to transactions in SAP. You can associate different Interface views of the component to create different applications using the same component.

18) How do you launch a Webdynpro Application from a Transaction Refer to the previous blog Calling webdynpro application from a Transaction URL:http://sapabapwebdynpro.blogspot.com/2011/04/call-abap-webdynpro-application-from-r3.html

19) How do you Navigate between two Webdynpro Components You can use Interface views to navigate between components or create a navigation class and do a explicit call.

20) Creating a tree in Webdynpro Tree UI element is used to create Tree in Webdynpro. Tree can be defined as part of the table column.

21)Usage of Exit Plug in a Webdynpro Window Exit plugs are outbound plugs used to closethe webdynpro application. they can be called from the view which are embedded in the window Note: Exit plugs won't work in portal environment. Exit plugs can also be used to pass the call to another URL. Here is the sample code snippet of the exit plug call: method onexit .

data url type string. data close_window type wdy_boolean. url = 'url_name'. close_window = abap_false. wd_this->fire_to_exit_plg( url = url close_window = close_window ). endmethod.

Other Interview Questions

. Can we write the code both call transaction and session method in single program?Ans. Yes it is possible to write call transaction and session in one program.2. Which BDC you prefer?Ans. If we want to transfer large amount of data and when we need to use more than one transaction code we prefer session method. For small or less amount of data and for single transaction use call transaction.(This is more genric answer but you can add more on to this if you have worked on BDC)3. When u prefer LSMW?Ans. When we need to update medium amount of data we use LSMW. LSMW is also used when the person like functional consultant has less programming language.5. Difference between .include and .append?Ans.Includestructure allows to add one or more structure into structure or table.Also placed positioning anywhere. Upto 6 include structure can be used in a table.Appendstructure can be placed only at the end of a structure or table which also stops further insertion of fields.Only one append structure can be used6. Preformance techniquesAns.1. The sequence of fields must be same as per database table2. During writing select query write all fields in sequence as per database table.3. Never write select statements inside loop.endloop.4. Use st05 SQL trace, se30 run time analysis, code inspector, slin,etc.5. Use select single * statement instead of select *6. Always use primary key7. Use binary search but before using binary search sort that table.7. How to debug sapscripts ?Ans.Two ways to debug sapscript . first way is goto SE 71 and from menu bar select Utilities->activate debugger .then goto SE38 execute the print program ,it automatically goes to debugging mode ..the other way is , run the program RSTXDBUG in se 38 . execute it . a message will show that debugger is activated .now open the print program in se 38 u vll notice that the print prgm is automatically diverted to debugging mode.8. What is partner selection?Ans. This concept is mainly used in IDOC where u select the partner profile using Tcode We20 .with Tcode SM59 you create RFC(remote function call) to create communication link to a remote system.10. What is occurs in internal table?Ans. Occurs addition to the Declaration will give initial size to that table.occur statement allocates 8kb of memory to the internal table.11. What is page window?Ans : page window is nothing but a container of a page ,which uniquely identifies a set of data for example while creating invoice we create logo window , billing document header window , customer window , terms and condition window etc 12. What is the difference between scrolling a table horizontally and vertically..??Ans: In table control when you scroll a table vertically presentation server needs to call application server to fetch the next record and display in the table while in case of horizontal scroll there is no need to call application server.13. What are Field Groups?Ans: A group that combines several fields fewer than one name, at runtime, the INSERT command is used to define which data fields are assigned to which field group are called Field Groups. It should always be a HEADER field group that defines how the extracted data will be sorted; the fields grouped under the HEADER field group sort the data.14. List the events in ABAP/4 Language?Ans: The events in ABAP/4 are load of program ,Initialization, Selection Screen, Start of Selection, End of Selection, Top of page, Line selection, User command, End, First.15.How the values will be passed to RFC Function module PassbyValue or Passbyreference?Ans: always Pass by Value.RFC is Remote Function call so it cant access the values with Pass by reference.16. Buffering concept usage?Ans: There are three type of buffer1 single record2 generic buffer3 full bufferBuffering is use for improve performance. it improves performance 10 to 100 times more17. Select up to 1 row and select single difference ?Ans: Select single fetches first matching record. If more than one matching records are there then only the first matching record will be considered other records will not be taken into account. Where as select up to 1 rows will fetch all the matching records from the database.(Again it will assign only One Record to the internal table/Work area)18. What are the different buffering methods?There are two different buffering methodsThe system ensures that data transfer between the R/3 System and the database system is as efficient as possible. To do this, it uses the following techniques:Table buffering: The program accesses data from the buffer of the application server.Database request buffering: Individual database entries are not read or passed to the database until required by an OPEN SQL statement.19. Different types of locks?v Read lock (shared lock)Protects read access to an object. The read lock allows other transactions read access but not write access to the locked area of the table.v o Write lock (exclusive lock)Protects write access to an object. The write lock allows other transactions neither read nor write access to the locked area of the table.v o Enhanced write lock (exclusive lock without cumulation)Works like a write lock except that the enhanced write lock also protects from further accesses from the same transaction.20. CHAIN END CHAIN?Ans: Chain and end chain are used for multiple field validation in Module pool programming .It is written inside the screen flow logic.21.How to Debug RFC Function module?Ans:SE38 > Utilities > Settings > ABAP Editor > DebuggingActivate the external debugging and choose the New Debugger option in ABAP debugger.Go to the particular place in the code and put break point, pop will appear then choose the HTTP break point.If you are triggering the RFC from SAP portal make sure that both the user ID should be sameIf the users are different then provide the XI/Portal User ID in the users field.22.Why sapscripts are client dependent and smartforms are client independent.?Ans-: Smartforms create its own function module so it doesnt need to transport the request through SCC1.As all the Development Object are stored in client independent tables. Whereas Script doesnt generate any function module while executing so we need to transport the request number through SCC1.Sap script is stroed in side the client depended table as a TEXT.so sapscripts are client dependent and smartforms are client independent.23. Difference between user exit and BADIs?Ans: User exit is for single implementation and it is procedural approach while BADIs are for multiple implementation and object oriented approach.Multiple implementation means Reusability because we use OOps Concepts for BADI.24. Control break events in ABAP:-1. AT-FIRST: This is used when we want to execute the statements before records are processed.2. AT-LAST: This event is used when we want to execute the statements after all records are processed.3. AT-NEW: This event is used when we want to execute the statement before group of records are processed.4. AT-END: This event is used when we want to execute the statements after processing of group of records.25.I am uploading 100 records out of which say 59th record has error so what will happen if i am using synchronous or asynchronous method of BDC? Can we update the database using local update mode how?26. Suppose i am writing following code then what will be output?LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.WRITE:/HELLO.Ans: HELLO(Explain the importance of LOAD-OF-PROGRAM Event.If you dont know Tell the interviewer as this event is used in such cases when you want to clear sum buffers or something Before calling that Program)27. What is TMG?Ans. TMG stands for Table Maintenance generator. It is a tool available in abap by which we can add or delete multiple records at a time and it is executed or triggered by the transaction code SM30.28. Difference between select option and ranges ?Ans. The main difference between select option and ranges is that ranges implicitly or automatically creates internal table with fields like OPTION,LOW,HIGH,SIGN,etc . Where as in case of select option we have to explicitly create internal table.When u declares a select options it will implicitly declare an internal table (ranges) for you.While using RANGES syntax u can declare internal table explicitly.The only need of declaring ranges is when you r not taking input from the user but you want make limit based selection at that time it will be use full e.g. SELECT ** from ** where MATNR in val_range.here u can use select-option or ranges : val_range.29. is it possible to bring select option in module pool screens?Ans.Create a SELECT-OPTIONS in module pool screen using two methods as shown.Method 1:-a) Create a subscreen area in your screen layout where you want to create the select options.b) In the top include of your module pool program declare a selection screen as a subscreen e.g.SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF SCREEN 100 AS SUBSCREEN.select-options s_matnr for mara-matnr.SELECTION-SCREEN END OF SCREEN.c) In the PBO and PAI of the main screen where the select options needs to be created do a call subscreen of the above screen (100).CALL SUBCREEN sub_area INCLUDINGThis CALL SUBSCREEN statement is necessary for transport of values between screen and program.Note: All validations of the selection screen fields e.g. the s_matnr field created above should be done in selection screen events like AT SELECTION-SCREEN etc and not in PAI. These selection screen validations etc should be done in the top include only.Method 2:-a) Create 2 separate fields in your screen layout one for the low value and one for the high value. Insert an icon beside the high value which will call the multiple selections popup screen on user command. Use function module COMPLEX_SELECTIONS_DIALOG to achieve this.continued struc_tab_and_field-fieldname = con_cust. KUNNRstruc_tab_and_field-tablename = con_kna1. KNA1.CALL FUNCTION COMPLEX_SELECTIONS_DIALOG EXPORTING*TITLE = text = g_titl1 Customerstab_and_field = struc_tab_and_fieldTABLES RANGE = rng_kunnrEXCEPTIONSNO_RANGE_TAB = 1CANCELLED = 2INTERNAL_ERROR = 3INVALID_FIELDNAME = 4OTHERS = 5.IF NOT rng_kunnr[] IS INITIAL.* Read the very first entry of the range table and pass it to* dynpro screen field*READ TABLE rng_kunnr INDEX 1.IF sy-subrc = 0.g_cust = rng_kunnr-low.ENDIF.ENDIF.You can use the return table rng_kunnr to populate your own internal range table with the values entered by the user. Basically here you are just simulating the work of a select-options parameter by module pool screen elements.30.how we can retrive data using secondary index.explain with simple exampleAns: First create secondary indexes on required fields of a particular database table.We can create one primary index and 15 secondary indexes.Once the respective secondary indexes are created write select queries and within select queries specify secondary indexes field name with where clause.31.How can we handle table control in BDC?Ans.We can handle table control using line indexLine index indicates which line of Table control is to be use for BDC transactionEx -perform bdc_field using RC29K-AUSKZ(01)Indicates 1st line of table control is going to be used for transaction which is Line index of Table Control32. If i want to execute a BDC program only in background not in foreground is there any option for this?Ans.The sm37 transaction can be used for running a program in the background. Also in the session method while processing the session you can specify the processing type as background or foreground.33.How Can We upload a text file having Delimiters in to Legacy SystemAns.For up loading text file we use the pre-defined FM gui_upload. in that FM we have the parameter has_field_seperator for that we assign the default delimiter x.HAS_FIELD_SEPERATOR XX can provide the Whatever delimiter we used in flat file for separation.34. What is the land scape in sap.Ans. In every organisation sap landscape involves three servers viz, Development server, Quality server and Production server. Whatever new development we do as per clients requirement is done in development server. Later to test the developed object we move it to quality server for testing and finally once everything goes clear then the object is moved to production server ,production server data is ready for final business use.35. Workbench request are client dependent or client independentAns. Workbench request are client independent.(Common Man Workbench request holds the Program , FM etc. How it can be Client Dependent!!!!)36. Tell me about workbench request and customization requests.Ans.Workbench (ABAP Dev) request is client independent when you import it into one system it reflact it in all client in same system, but customized request has to import in that client perticular client where it is created, actually it is client dependent.Other Interview questionsSAP SCRIPTS & FORMS1. Can we write the code/program inside sap script?2. How will u create sapscripts & smartforms in multiple language?3.How to execute sap script & smart forms in Background?4.How to do total & subtotal in scripts & forms?=================================================DATA DICTIONARY1.Apart from .include & .append how will u do table enhancement?2.what r the events of table maintainence generator?3.what will happen if i use projection view and maintainence view together?4. I created ZEMP table now i want to add more data but prev. data should not disturb how can i do this?=====================================================REPORTS1.How will u print footers in alv report?2.How will u edit fields from output list of alv?====================================================BDC1.what r the fields u took during recording for mmo1,me21n?2.If u want to do bdc for xd01 explain me how will be the flow?=================================================user exits1.what r enhancement points?2.How to write customer exits?3.what is routine? how it is different from user exits?

Posted byNethra Mahadevat3:19 AM1 comment:Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to PinterestFriday, September 3, 2010SAP ABAP Interview Questions: SAP Interview Questions for freshersSAP ABAP Interview Questions: SAP Interview Questions for freshers: "Interview Questions and Answers All type of Latest Sample and advanced Interview questions and answers ( FAQs ) SAP ABAP INTERVIEW QUESTION..."Posted byNethra Mahadevat4:00 PMNo comments:Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to PinterestTuesday, June 29, 2010SAP Interview Questions for freshersInterview Questions and AnswersAll type of Latest Sample and advanced Interview questions and answers ( FAQs )SAP ABAP INTERVIEW QUESTIONSABAP / 4 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

1) What is SAP R/3?Ans SAP R/3 refers to Systems Application and Product for data processing Real-time having a 3 tier architecture i.e. Presentation layer, Application layer and Database layer.

What are the contents in technical specifications?Ans There are five contents in Technical Settings: Data Class, Size Category, Buffering Permission, Buffering Type and Logging.

What is an instance?Ans When you call a function module, an instance of its function group plus its data, is loaded into the memory area of the internal session. An ABAP program can load several instances by calling function modules from different function groups.

What is Function group? Difference between function group and function module?Ans Function Groups act as containers for Function Modules that logically belong together.

Function Groups1) These cannot be defined in a Function Module.2) It cannot be called.3) They are containers for Function Module.

Function Modules1) These must be defined in a Function Group.2) It can be called from any program.3) They are not containers for Function Group.

What is the difference between Select single * and Select upto 1 rows?Ans Select single * The result of the selection should be a single entry. If it is not possible to identify a unique entry, the system uses the first line of the selection. For e.g.DATA : ITAB TYPE ZREKHA_EMP.SELECT SINGLE * FROM ZREKHA_EMP INTO ITABWHERE EMPNO = 00101 AND DEPTNO = 0010.WRITE : / ITAB-EMPNO, ITAB-EMPNAME,ITAB-DEPTNO.

Select upto 1 rows -

What Function does data dictionary perform?Ans Central information repository for application and system data. The ABAP Dictionary contains data definitions (metadata) that allow you to describe all of the data structures in the system (like tables, views, and data types) in one place. This eliminates redundancy.

Difference between domain and data element? What are aggregate object?Ans Domain - Specifies the technical attributes of a data element - its data type, length, possible values, and appearance on the screen. Each data element has an underlying domain. A single domain can be the basis for several data elements. Domains are objects in the ABAP Dictionary.Data Element - Describes the business function of a table field. Its technical attributes are based on a domain, and its business function is described by its field labels and documentation.Aggregate Object Views, Match Code and Lock objects are called aggregate objects because they are formed from several related table.

What is view? Different types of view. Explain?Ans View - A view is a virtual table containing fields from one or more tables. A virtual table that does not contain any data, but instead provides an application-oriented view of one or more ABAP Dictionary tables.

Different Types of View:1) Maintenance2) Database It is on more than two tables.3) Projection It is only on one table.4) Help

Can u print decimals in type N? What is difference between float and packed data type?Ans No, we cannot print decimals in type N because decimal places are not permitted with N data type.Float Data Type: It cannot be declared in Parameters.Packed Number: It can be declared in Parameters. For e.g.PARAMETERS : A(4) TYPE P DECIMALS 2,B(4) TYPE P DECIMALS 2.DATA : C(4) TYPE P DECIMALS 2.C = A + B.WRITE : / THE SUM IS , C.

What is step-loop? Explain all the steps?Ans A step loop is a repeated series of field-blocks in a screen. Each block can contain one or more fields, and can extend over more than one line on the screen. Step loops as structures in a screen do not have individual names. The screen can contain more than one step-loop, but if so, you must program the LOOPENDLOOPs in the flow logic accordingly. The ordering of the LOOPENDLOOPs must exactly parallel the order of the step loops in the screen. The ordering tells the system which loop processing to apply to which loop. Step loops in a screen are ordered primarily by screen row, and secondarily by screen column. Transaction TZ61 (development class SDWA) implements a step loop version of the table you saw in transaction TZ60.

Static and Dynamic Step LoopsStep loops fall into two classes: static and dynamic. Static step loops have a fixed size that cannot be changed at runtime. Dynamic step loops are variable in size. If the user re-sizes the window, the system automatically increases or decreases the number of step loop blocks displayed. In any given screen, you can define any number of static step loops, but only a single dynamic one.

You specify the class for a step loop in the Screen Painter. Each loop in a screen has the attributes Looptype (fixed=static, variable=dynamic) and Loop count. If a loop is fixed, the Loop count tells the number of loop-blocks displayed for the loop. This number can never change.Programming with static and dynamic step loops is essentially the same. You can use both the LOOP and LOOP AT statements for both types.

Looping in a Step LoopWhen you use LOOP ATwith a step loop, the system automatically displays the step loop with vertical scroll bars. The scroll bars, and the updated (scrolled) table display, are managed by the system.Use the following additional parameters if desired:FROMand TOCURSOR

What are the various types of selection screen event?Ans SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK ABC WITH FRAME TITLE T01.SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF SCREEN 500 AS WINDOW.CALL SELECTION-SCREEN 500 STARTING AT 10 10.

What are the system fields? Explain?Ans The ABAP system fields are active in all ABAP programs. They are filled by the runtime environment, and you can query their values in a program to find out particular states of the system. Although they are variables, you should not assign your own values to them, since this may overwrite information that is important for the normal running of the program. However, there are some isolated cases in which you may need to overwrite a system variable. For example, by assigning a new value to the field SY-LSIND, you can control navigation within details lists.

What is SAP Script? What is the purpose of SAP Script? Difference betweenSAP Script and Report? SAP Script It is the integrated text management system of the SAP R/3 System. Two types PC Editor & Line Editor. Reports - It is the way to display data fetched from database table onto screen or directly output it to a printer. Two types Classical and Interactive.

What is the use of occurs in internal table? Can u change occurs value in program?Ans Use of Occurs - If you use the OCCURS parameter, the value of the INITIAL SIZE of the table is returned to the variableData : Begin of ITAB occurs 0,End of ITAB.

Occurs or Initial Size to specify the initial amount of memory that should be assigned to the table.Yes, we can change the occurs value in program but output remains the same.

Difference between SY-TABIX and SY-INDEX? Where it is used? Can u check SY-SUBRC after perform?SY-TABIX - Current line of an internal table. SY-TABIX is set by the statements below, but only for index tables. The field is either not set or is set to 0 for hashed tables.* APPEND sets SY-TABIX to the index of the last line of the table, that is, it contains the overall number of entries in the table.* COLLECT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the existing or inserted line in the table. If the table has the type HASHED TABLE, SY-TABIX is set to 0.* LOOP AT sets SY-TABIX to the index of the current line at the beginning of each loop lass. At the end of the loop, SY-TABIX is reset to the value that it had before entering the loop. It is set to 0 if the table has the type HASHED TABLE.* READ TABLE sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line read. If you use a binary search, and the system does not find a line, SY-TABIX contains the total number of lines, or one more than the total number of lines. SY-INDEX is undefined if a linear search fails to return an entry.SEARCHFOR sets SY-TABIX to the index of the table line in which the search string is found.SY_INDEX - In a DO or WHILE loop, SY-INDEX contains the number of loop passes including the current pass.

What are the different functions used in sap script? What are the parameters used in each Function?Ans There are three different functions used in SAP Script:1) OPEN_FORM2) WRITE_FORM3) CLOSE_FORM

Parameters in Each Function:1) OPEN_FORMExportingFormLanguage

2) WRITE_FORMExportingElementWindow

3) CLOSE_FORM

What is sequence of event triggered in report?There are 6 events in report:1) Initialization2) At Selection-Screen3) Start-of-Selection4) Get5) Get Late6) End-of-Selection7) Top-of-PageEnd-of-Page

9) At Line Selection10) At User Command11) At PF (nn)

What are standard layouts sets in the SAP Script?Ans There are four standard layouts in the SAP Script:

1) Header2) Logo3) Main Window4) Footer

Difference between UPLOAD and WS_UPLOAD?Ans UPLOAD - File transfer with dialog from presentation server file to internal table. Data which is available in a file on the presentation server is transferred in an internal table. ASCII & Binary files can be transferred.WS_UPLOAD - To read data from the presentation server into an internal table without a user dialog, use the function module WS_UPLOAD. The most important parameters are listed below.

Parameters FunctionCODEPAGE Only for upload under DOS: Value IBMFILENAME FilenameFILETYPE File type

What is a Logical Database?Ans Logical Databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data and make it available to application programs.Use of LDB is used to read data from database tables by linking them to executable ABAP programs.

What are the events used for Logical Database?Ans Two Events 1) GET - This is the most important event for executable programs that use a logical database. It occurs when the logical database has read a line from the nodeand made it available to the program in the work area declared using the statement NODES . The depth to which the logical database is read is determined by the GET statements2) PUT - The PUT statement directs the program flow according to the structure of the logical database.

What is the difference between Get and Get Late?Ans GET - After the logical database has read an entry from the node.GET LATE - After all of the nodes of the logical database have been processed that are below in the database hierarchy.

What are the data types of Internal Tables?Ans There are three types:1) Line2) Key3) Table

What are the events used in ABAP in the order of execution?Ans Events are:1. INITIALIZATION2. AT SELECTION-SCREEN3. AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON4. START-OF-SELECTION5. TOP-OF-PAGE6. TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE SELECTION7. END-OF-PAGE8. END-OF-SELECTION9. AT USER-COMMAND10. AT LINE-SELECTION11. AT PF12. GET13. GET LATE.

14. AT User Command

What are Interactive Reports?Ans An output list which displays just the basic details & allow user to interact, so that a new list is populated based on user-selection. With interactive list, the user can actively control data retrieval and display during the session.

What are the commands used for interactive reports?Top-of-Page during line-selection

What are the system fields u have worked with? Explain?Ans I had worked with the following (30) system fields:1) SY-DBSYS - Central Database2) SY-HOST - Server3) SY-OPSYS - Operating System4) SY-SAPRL - SAP Release5) SY-SYSID - System Name6) SY-LANGU - User Logon Language7) SY-MANDT - ClientSY-UNAME - Logon User Name9) SY-DATLO - Local Date10) SY-DATUM - Server Date11) SY-TIMLO - Local Time12) SY-UZEIT - Server Time13) SY-DYNNR - Screen Number14) SY-REPID - Current ABAP program15) SY-TCODE - Transaction Code16) SY-ULINE - Horizontal Line17) SY-VLINE - Vertical Line18) SY-INDEX - Number of current loop Pass19) SY-TABIX - Current line of internal table

20) SY-DBCNT - Number of table entries processed21) SY-SUBRC - Return Code22) SY-UCOMM - Function Code23) SY-LINCT - Page Length of list24) SY-LINNO - Current Line25) SY-PAGNO - Current Page Number26) SY-LSIND - Index of List27) SY-MSGID - Message Class28) SY-MSGNO - Message Number29) SY-MSGTY - Message Type30) SY-SPONO - Spool number during printing

What is the difference between Primary key and Unique Key?Ans Primary Key It can accepts 0 value and cannot be NULL.Unique Key It can be NULL.

What is the transaction code for Table maintenance?Ans SM30

If u are using Logical Databases how will u modify the selection-screen elements?Ans Select-options : dname for deptt-dname.

What is an RFC?Ans Remote Function Call

What are the events in Screen Programming?There are two events in Screen Programming:1. PBO (Process Before Output) Before the screen is displayed, the PBO event is processed.2. PAI (Process After Input) When the user interacts with the screen, the PAI event is processed.3. POH (Process On Help) - are triggered when the user requests field help (F1). You can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.4. POV (Process On Value) - are triggered when the user requests possible values help (F4). You can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.

What is the significance of HIDE?Ans Its stores the click value and display the related record in the secondary list.

Where do u code the HIDE statement?Ans In a LOOP statement

Types of BDCs?Ans There are two types of BDCs:1) Transaction Method2) Session Method

Advantages & Disadvantages of different types of BDCs?Ans Transaction Method:1) It is faster than session method.2) While executing, it starts from starting.Session Method:1) It is slower than transaction method.2) While executing, it does not start from starting.

What are the events used in Interactive Reports.Ans There are three events of Interactive Reports:I. At PF(nn)II. At line-selectionIII. At user-command

What is an RDBMS?RDBMS Relational Database Management System. It helps to create relationship between two or more table.

What will you code in START-OF-SELECTION & END-OF-SELECTON & why?Ans START-OF-SELECTIONSELECT * FROM DEPTT INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF ITABWHERE DEPTNO IN DEPTNO.APPEND ITAB.ENDSELECT.LOOP AT ITAB.WRITE : / 10 ITAB-DEPTNO.HIDE : ITAB-DEPTNO.ENDLOOP.END-OF-SELECTION

What are joins and different types joins?Ans There are four types of Joins:1) Self Join2) Inner Join3) Outer Join4) Equi Join51) Which is the default join?

How do u display a data in a Detail List?Ans By using two statements:1) Top-of-page during line-selection2) At line-selection

What are the types of windows in SAP Script?Ans There are five Standard Layouts in SAP Script:1) Page

2) Window3) Page Window4) Paragraph Format5) Character Format

What are the function modules used in a SAP Script driver program?Ans There are three functions used in SAP Script:1) OPEN_FORM2) WRITE_FORM3) CLOSE_FORMLatest SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers 2013

SAP ABAP Interview Questions and Answers

1.What is an ABAP data dictionary?

ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views.2.What is an ABAP?

ABAP (Advanced Business Application Programming) is a high level programming language created by the German software company SAP. It is currently positioned as the language for programming SAP's Web Application Server, part of its NetWeaver platform for building business applications. Its syntax is somewhat similar to COBOL.

3.What is an ABAP data dictionary?

ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views.

4.What are domains and data element?

Domains:Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user.

5.What is foreign key relationship?

A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible.

6.Describe data classes.

Master data: It is the data which is seldom changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.

7.What are indexes?

Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. The indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.

8.Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.

Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.

9.What is an ABAP/4 Query?

ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.

10.What is BDC programming?

Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications). The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into sessions.

11.What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?

These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.

12.What are internal tables?

Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organizing the contents of database tables according to users need.

13.What are domains and data element?

Domains:Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user.

14.What is foreign key relationship?

A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible.

15.Describe data classes.

Master data: It is the data which is seldomly changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.16.What are indexes?

Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. Yhe indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.

17.Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables

Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.

18.What is an ABAP/4 Query?

ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.

19.What is BDC programming?

Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications).The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into sessions.

20.What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?

These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.

21.What are internal tables?

Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.

22.What is ITS? What are the merits of ITS?

ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-versa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at runtime.

23.What is DynPro?

DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.

24.What are screen painter and menu painter?

Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.

25.What are the components of SAP scripts?

SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.

26.What is ALV programming in ABAP?

When is this grid used in ABAP?- ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.

27.What are the events in ABAP/4 language?

Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.

28.What is CTS and what do you know about it?

The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.

29.What are logical databases?

What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?- To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).

30.What is a batch input session?

BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.

31.How to upload data using CATT ?

These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.

32.What is Smart Forms?

Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution.

33.How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?

Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent.

34.What is the difference between macro and subroutine?

Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is (more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (Ive never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION.

35.What is ITS?

What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-versa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at runtime.

36.What is DynPro?

DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.

37.What are screen painter and menu painter?

Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.

38.What are the components of SAP scripts?

SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.

39.What is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?

ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.

40.What are the events in ABAP/4 language?

Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.

What is CTS and what do you know about it?

The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.

What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?

To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).

What is a batch input session?

BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.

How to upload data using CATT ?

These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.

What is Smart Forms?

Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution.

How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?

Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent.

What is the difference between macro and subroutine?

Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is (more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (Ive never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION.

What is the differences between structure and table in data dictionary in ABAP?

Structure and table both are 2/2 matrices but there are many differences between table and structure.

1. Table can store the data physically but a structure dose not store.2. Table can have primary key but a structure dose not have.3. Table can have the technical attribute but a structure dose not have.

structure doesn't contain technical attributes.structure doesn't contain primary key.structure doesn't stores underline database level.

What is the difference between collect and sum?

SUM.When processing an internal table in a block starting with LOOP and concluded by ENDLOOP , SUM calculates the control totals of all fields of type I , F and P (see also ABAP/4 number types ) and places them in the LOOP output area (header line of the internal table or an explicitly specified work area).

When you use SUM in a LOOP with an explicitly specified output area, this output area must be compatible with the line type of the internal table.When using LOOP to process a sorted extract (see SORT ), the control total of f at the end of the group appears in the field SUM(f) - - if f is type I , F or P .

COLLECT.COLLECT is used to create unique or compressed datsets. The key fields are the default key fields of the internal table itab .

If you use only COLLECT to fill an internal table, COLLECT makes sure that the internal table does not contain two entries with the same default key fields.

If, besides its default key fields, the internal table contains number fields,the contents of these number fields are added together if the internal table already contains an entry with the same key fields.

If the default key of an internal table processed with COLLECT is blank, all the values are added up in the first table line.

If you specify wa INTO , the entry to be processed is taken from the explicitly specified work area wa . If not, it comes from the header line of the internal table itab .

After COLLECT , the system field SY-TABIX contains the index of the - existing or new - table entry with default key fields which match those of the entry to be processed.

COLLECT can create unique or compressed datasets and should be used precisely for this purpose. If uniqueness or compression are unimportant, or two values with identical default key field values could not possibly occur in your particular task, you should use APPEND instead. However, for a unique or compressed dataset which is also efficient, COLLECT is the statement to use.

If you process a table with COLLECT , you should also use COLLECT to fill it. Only by doing this can you guarantee that the internal table will actually be unique or compressed, as described above and COLLECT will run very efficiently.

If you use COLLECT with an explicitly specified work area, it must be compatible with the line type of the internal table.

How we format the data before before write statement in report ?

We can format the reports output by using the loop events like:

1.at first2.at new3.at lastetc check docu

What is the difference between Table and Template?

table is a dynamic and template is a static

When do we use End-of-selection?

End-of-selection event are mostly used when we are writing HR-ABAP code. In the HR-ABAP code, data is retrived in the Start-of-selection event and Printing on the list and all will be done in End-of-selection event.

In events start-of-selection is default event. When we have to use this event explicitly? Why?

The default event in the ABAP is Start-of-selection.We have to call explicitely this event when you are writing other than ths event , that is when you write AT SELECTION-SCREEN EVENTS OR INITIALIZATION EVENT etc,you have to explicitely mention the Start-of-selection event while you are writing the logic.

Before these events called ,all the code you have written come into this default Start-of-selection screen event.

What is the differences between ABAP and OOABAP. In which situation we use OOABAP?

OOABAP is used to develop BSP/PCUI applications and also anthing involved object oriented like BADIs, SmartForms..etc.where as ABAP is used to develop traditional programs in R/3.

What is table buffer? Which type of tables used this buffer?

buffer is nothing but a memory area. table is buffered means that table information is available on application server. when you call data from database table it will come from application server.

transperent and pooled tables are buffered. cluster tables can not buffered.

What is the use of pretty printer ?

Exactly where can we link the functional module to abap coding.

Pretty Printer is used to format the ABAP Code we write in ABAP Editor ,like KEY WORDS in Capitals and remaining are in small letters which is also depend on system settings.

We can call the function module in the ABAP Code .Press the Pattern button on Appl. tool bar then u will get box where u write the function module NAME which u want to call in the code by selecting the radio button CALL FUNCTION. In this way we link function module to ABAP Code.

What is the difference between SAP memory and ABAP memory?

Answer1:data sending between main sessions using get parameter and set parameter is sap memorydata sending between internal sessions using import or export parameters is abap memory

Answer2:sap memory is a global memory whereas abap memory is local memory.

For example, we have four programs in abap memory and assigned some varibles to a particular program in abap memory then those varibles can't be used by anyother program in abap memory i.e., the variables are only for that program and also local to that memory,whereas sap memory can access all the abap memory or else it can perform any kind of modifications.

Answer3:SAP memory is available to the user during the entire terminal session.ABAP memory is available to the user during life time of external session.

What is the difference between Type and Like?

Answer1:TYPE, you assign datatype directly to the data object while declaring.LIKE,you assign the datatype of another object to the declaring data object. The datatype is referenced indirectly.

Answer2:Type is a keyword used to refer to a data type whereas Like is a keyword used to copy the existing properties of already existing data object.

Answer3:type refers the existing data typelike refers the existing data object

What is Tcode SE16. For what is it used. Explain briefly?

Answer1:SE16 is a T-code for object browser.Generally used to search the fields of SAP Tables . and respective data.

Answer2:se16 is a data browse and it is used to view the contents of the table and we cannot change or append new fields to the existing structure of the table as we cannot view the structure level display using the se16

What are different ABAP/4 editors? What are the differences?

The 2 editors are se38 and se80 both have the abap editor in place. In se38 you can go create programs and view online reports and basically do all thedevelopmet of objects in this editor. In se80 ( object navigator) there are additional features such as creating packages,module pool , function group ,classes, programs ( where you can create ur programs) and BSP applications .

What is difference between dialog program and a report?

Report is a excecutable programDialog is a module pool program.It has to be executed via a transaction only.Dialog programming is used for customization ofscreens

How do you connect to the remote server if you are working from the office for the client in remote place.

WAS web application server or ITS are generally used for this purpose. If you are sitting at your office with a server which is in the system and the other server is at the clients place you can generate IDOC, intermidiate documents which carry the data you want to transfer or the documents you want to transfer, these IDOC are interpretted by the system at the recieving end with the message class with which it is bound with. If you want to logon a system which is very distant..then remote login can be used this depends on the internet speed.

Explain about roll area , Dispatcher, ABAP-Processor.

Answer1:Roll area is nothing but memory allocated by work process. It holds the information needed by R/3 about programs execution such as value of the variables.Dispatcher :All the requests that come from presentation server will be directed first to dispatcher. Further dispatcher sends this requests to work process on FIFO(First In and First Out) basis.

Answer2:Dispatcher recieves the request from client and assigns the request to one of the work process.Roll area: Each workprocess works in a particular memory that memory is known as Role Area, which consists of User context and session data.ABAP- Processor :is an interpretor which can execute logic

Which one is not an exit comand ? (Exit, cencle, stop, back)

STOP.Effect :The statement STOP is only to be used in executable programs

EXIT.Effect :If the EXIT statement is executed outside of a loop, it will immediately terminate the current processing block.

BACK.Effect : This statement positions the list cursor on the first position of the first line in a logical unit.

So "Cancle" is not an exit command

What is Field symbol ?

Answer1:You can use field symbols to make the program more dynamic. In this example the name of a table control is substituted by a field symbol. Thus you cal call the form with any internal table, using the name of the table control as a parameter.

Exampleform insert_rowusing p_tc_name.

field-symbols type cxtab_control. "Table control

assign (p_tc_name) to .

* insert 100 lines in table control-lines = 100.

Answer2:fieldsymbol has the same concept as pointer in c,fieldsymbol don't point to a data type like char, num instead of that it points to the memory block. the syntax for fieldsymbol isFIELD-SYMBOL .EG. FOR FIELD SYMBOL.DATA: DAT LIKE SY-DATUM,TIM LIKE SY-UZEIT,CHAR(3) TYPE C VALUE 'ADF'.FIELD-SYMBOL : .MOVE DAT TO .WRITE:/ .MOVE TIM TO .WRITE:/ .MOVE CHAR TO .WRITE:/ .The output will beToday's datecurrent time

What is lock object ?

LockObjects used to synchornize access of several users using same data.

Why BAPI need then BDC ?

BAPI"S provide the standard interface to other applications apart from SAP and within differnt vesions of SAP too. Also it is OOD bases so dosen"t depends on screen flow. BDC gets failed if we make changes for screen changes through IMG customization

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using views in ABAP programming ?

advantages: view is used to retrieve the data very fastly from the database tables*memory wastage is reduced*faster than joins to retrieve the data from database tablesdisadvantages:view is not a container,it will not hold the data*view memory is not permanent memory

How data is stored in cluster table?

A cluster table conatins data from mulitple DDIC tables.It stores data as a name value pair ( varkey, vardata)

Have you used performance tuning? What major steps will you use for these?

First of all tunning can be doneIn three ways: disk i/o ,sql tunning , memory tunning,Before tunning u have to get the status of your database usingOracle utility called statpack , tkprof, then you should go for tunning

How to create client independent tables?

client independent tables:the table in which the first field is not mandt is the client independent tables*mandt is the field with mandt as the data element*automatically client which we login is populated to mandt

What type of user exits have you written?

there are four types1.function exit2.menu ixit3.screen exit.4.field exit.these are the user exits

How can you debug a script form?

SE71 -> give the form name -> utilities -> activate debugger

How do we debug sapscript?

First we need to put Break point in Print program where ever you want to stop the execution.After in SE71 give your form name and go to Utilities-->Active De-bugger.Then go to your transcation like VF03(for Invoice or Credit memo) etc to see the print preview or print the form execute it.When you execute it the the form Debugging will get activated and you can see your Form execution step by step.

What are the different types of data dictionary objects?

Answer1Data Dictionary Objects

* Tables* Views* Domain* Data Element* Type Groups* Search Helps/Matchcode Objects* Lock objects* Structures* Table Types

Answer2the dictionary objects are:domaindataelementstablesviewsstructurestypegroupssearch helpslock objects etc which are data base related objects in sap

What is the step by step process to create a table in data dictionary?

Answer1steps to create database tables1.go to se112.give name the database table3.give short description for the table4.Give delivery class name as A and data browser / table view maint as Display/maintenence allowed5.select fields tab6.give field name data type(user defined element type/built-in-type),short text7.select technical settings tab ,give data class as appl0 and size category as 08.save it9.go utillities menu click table contents select create and enter the field values then select display in table contents and u can view the table values with field lables

Answer2bottom to top approach:_________________________step 1:creating a domain:*se11,select the object type as domain ,name it ,create,description,enter the datatype and length(size),save ,activatestep2:creating a dataelement;se11,select the object type as :date element,name it ,create,desc,assign it with a domain what we created now,save,activate it.step3:creating a table;se11,select the object type as table,name it, create,enter the field name and assign it with the data element instead of assigning a datatype to it,like this create req fields:on behalf of this:table maintainence:assign the type of the table ie.,A C G L SNEXTmaintaince:allowed,not allowed ,allowed with restricions___________________________________________fields of a table:(as descripted above)___________________________________________techical settings:A0ORA1ANDBUFFERED OR NON-BUFFERED

Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the data base physically?

Answer1NO. TRANSPARENT TABLE DO EXIST WITH THE SAME STRUCTURE BOTH IN THE DICTIONARY AS WELL AS IN THE DATABASE,EXACTLY WITH THE SAME DATA AND FIELDS.No,at the point you will activate your table a same transparent table is going to be create in database

Answer2Yes, a transparent table(definition) can exist in the data dictionary and not in the database. In this case, it is not activated

What are the domains and data elements?

domains:___________

domains are the dictionary objects that are assigned with constants and data typesdata elements:______________data elements are dictionary objects that are assigned with the domains.uses:'* data elements are used to create relation between tables.* data elements are used to transfer the data from one R/3 to another R/3.* to create search helps.What is a collect statement? How is it different from append?

APPEND :IT IS USED TO GET THE RECORD FROM THE INTERNAL TABLE HEADER TO THE BODY AREAIT ALLOWS DUPLICATION

COLLECT:IT IS USED TO A GET A RECORD FROM HEADER TO THE BODY AREA BUT IT WILL NOT ALLOW ANY DUPLICATION EXCEPT IF THERE IS ANY NUMERIC FIELS IT ADDS THAT FIELDS DATA BUT NOT AS A NEW RECORD

On ABAP: Did you set up a workflow? Are you familiar with all steps for setting up a workflow?

Yes.Execute the Txn SWDD(Creating a new Workflow).In the header of the Workflow, define the Business Object and Event you refer to for triggering the Wf.Create the Steps required for your workflow(Activity).Inside the Activity, Create the task and assign the Business Object and the related method for that business object.Activate the Workflow.

In the select statement what is group by?

Group by clause is used to fetch the data from the table by the specified fieldex.select count (*) from emptable group by deptno where deptno = 1.It is used to find the number of employees present in the specified department no.

How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table?

WE CAN CREATE A STRUCTURE LIKE THE SAME STRUCTURE AS DATABASE TABLE AND WE CAN USESELECT* FROM DATABASE TABLE INTO TABLE ITABORINSERT INTO ITAB VALUES DATABASE TABLE

From Excel to ABAP - Is batch mode possible ?

DATA w_file TYPE string.* Convert the file path into stringw_file = p_input.

* Internal Table should have same field sequence as EXL File.

CLEAR t_upload.REFRESH t_upload.

* Call function to upload the data into internal tableCALL FUNCTION 'GUI_UPLOAD'EXPORTINGfilename = w_filefiletype = 'ASC'has_field_separator = 'X'TABLESdata_tab = t_uploadEXCEPTIONSfile_open_error = 1file_read_error = 2no_batch = 3gui_refuse_filetransfer = 4invalid_type = 5no_authority = 6unknown_error = 7bad_data_format = 8header_not_allowed = 9separator_not_allowed = 10header_too_long = 11unknown_dp_error = 12access_denied = 13dp_out_of_memory = 14disk_full = 15dp_timeout = 16OTHERS = 17.IF sy-subrc NE 0.* MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno* WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4. ELSE.* Delete the first row of heading from the uploaded tableDELETE t_upload INDEX 1.ENDIF. " IF sy-subrc EQ 0.

Email ThisBlogThis!1. What are the differences between sap memory and abap memory2. What are differences between At selection-screen andat selection-screen output3. What are the events?4. what are the interactive events5. What is Hide?6. What is te difference between occurs 1 and occurs 2?7. What is the difference between Free and Refresh?8. What are elements?9. Can we have more than one selection-screen and how?10. How to declare select-option as a parameter?11. How can u write programatically value help to a field without using searchhelp and matchcodes.?12. What is RFC?13. How to set destination?14. What are the function module types?15. What are tables?16. what are client-dependant tables and independent tables?17. how to distinguish them?18. what is the use of Table maintanance allowed?19. What are the domines?20. What are the check tables and value tables?21. What is the diffrence between table and structures?22. How to declare one internal table with out header line without using structures ?23. what are lockobjects?24. What are datasets? what are the diffrent syntaxes?25. What is the diffrences between we_upload and upload?26. What is the diffrence between open_form and close_form27. What are the page windows? How many main windows will be there in a page window?28. How to include Logo in your layout?29. How to debugg a script?30. Tell me different standard layouts which we use?31. sapscripts and abap programs are client dependent or not? why?32. what are the different internal tables ? explain them?33. what is runtime analysis ?34. what si the difference between select singe * and select * upto one row35. what is the differnce between sum and collect?36. what are session mothod and call transaction method and explain about them?37. If you have 10000 records i your file, which method you use in BDC?38. what are diffrent modes and explain them?39. what are control events in a loop?40. what are the events we use in dialog programming? and explain them?41. what are the differnces between se01 , se09 and se10?42. what is the inside concept in select-options?43. what is client?44. what is get cursor field?45. what is read line?46. what are the diff. between call screen and leave screen?47. what is the transaction code for Table maintenance?48. what are the differences between CALL SCREEN , LEAVE SCREEN ?49. Interactive Reporting.what is the event that in used in classic reporting and cannot beused in interactive reporting?

50. which process is faster call transaction or session method?51. Whether background process or frontend process is faster inuploading data?52. how to handle errors in background process?53. BDC type questions???? What could they ask?More good abap interview questions************Emerald solutions**********1) NAST2) TRANSACTION WE20 / WE21 FOR?3) DIFFERENCE BETWEENV1 TYPE D and V1 like sy-datum.4) what is stack list?5) How many Modules can be called?6) How to create checkbox in write statement?Ans: WRITEAS CHECKBOX.Eg. DATA: flag1(1) TYPE c VALUE ' ',flag2(1) TYPE c VALUE 'X',flag3(5) TYPE c VALUE 'Xenon'.WRITE: / 'Flag 1 ', flag1 AS CHECKBOX,/ 'Flag 2 ', flag2 AS CHECKBOX,/ 'Flag 3 ', flag3 AS CHECKBOX.7) How to upload file at Application Server?8) How to directly jump to 15th list from Basic list?Ans. Sy-lsind = 0.9) If a view consists of only one table then is the viewRead only or Read-Write.10)What is Node?*********** Patni **************11) Smartform: Can u create template in table?12) What is true about Check field and Validation table fielda)Both must hv same name.b) Both must hv same domain name.c) Both must hv same data element.13) Can data be transferred from SAP to non-SAP system through LSMW?14) hide one of the field on the selection screen.a) Screen-Active = 1 & Screen-Input = 1b) Screen-Active = 1 & Screen-Invisible = 1c) Screen-Invisible = 1 & Screen-Active does not matter.d) Screen-Invisible = 0 & Screen-Active does not matter.

15) Data : data_pattern(5) Value ABC,data_str(12) Value abcdeABCDE.Replace data_pattern with 12345 into data_str.Data_str = ?Ans: Data_str = abcde12345DE.16) Which stmnt bypasses Buffering (correct option can be more than one)a)Select.b)Selectinto..c) Select..distinct..e) Selectfor update..17) How do we handle EXCEPTIONs in ABAP?18) Authorization takes place when: (NOT SURE OF OPTIONS)a) during SELECT. (ans: NO)b) AUTHORITY-CHECK IS WRITTEN.c) System Administrator checks for the authorizations taken.

) NAST message status table

2) TRANSACTION WE20 / WE21 FOR?we20 partner profilewe21 port

3) DIFFERENCE BETWEENV1 TYPE D and V1 like sy-datum.v1 : when date is assigned then not formated .format is ddmmyyyy.v2 : when date is assigned then formated .format is dd.mm.yyyy.

4) what is stack list?the list in which screen numbers are stored.can be up to 9 screens.

5) How many Modules can be called?not getting the question....

6) How to create checkbox in write statement?Ans: WRITEAS CHECKBOX.this is ok..this is how u do it..Eg. DATA: flag1(1) TYPE c VALUE ' ',flag2(1) TYPE c VALUE 'X',flag3(5) TYPE c VALUE 'Xenon'.WRITE: / 'Flag 1 ', flag1 AS CHECKBOX,/ 'Flag 2 ', flag2 AS CHECKBOX,/ 'Flag 3 ', flag3 AS CHECKBOX.flag1 - checkbox will be written after flag 1 and will be blank.flag2 - checkbox will be written after flag 2 and will be checked.flag3 - checkbox will be written after flag 3 and will be checked with only length of 1 character.other 4 characters will be ignored. And since 1st character is X it will also be checked.But if the 1st character is anything other than X that is even ' ' it will keep box as blank.imp note : and next time dont ask such silly questions.

7) How to upload file at Application Server?open datasetfor output/appending.

8) How to directly jump to 15th list from Basic list?Ans : sy-lsind = 15 .

9) If a view consists of only one table then is the viewRead only or Read-Write.i dont know read only or read-write only...but it is projection view and they are read only or read and change..more abt views :projection view : no joining since single table .maintaince : outer join data can be maintained.help view : outer join.

10)What is Node?a node can be a root node or child node in LDB( logical data base ) and it has to be either database table or a dictonary type. otehr 2 are there but only for your information pourpose..data types and dynamic type nodes.

11) Smartform: Can u create template in table?i m not gettign in....under table node templet can be created...line type of templets can be created using table..but in table i dont know....I know the answer is no. u cant..12) What is true about Check field and Validation table field0answer : the domain of both the fields should be samea)Both must hv same name.b) Both must hv same domain name. (this is correct)c) Both must hv same data element.

13) Can data be transferred from SAP to non-SAP system through LSMW?ya it can be ..but for that idocs are to be used.

14) hide one of the field on the selection screen.ANSWER : SCREEN-ACTIVE = 0 .Screen-Active = 1 & Screen-Input = 1Screen-Active = 1 & Screen-Invisible = 1Screen-Invisible = 1 & Screen-Active does not matter.Screen-Invisible = 0 & Screen-Active does not matter.15) Data : data_pattern(5) Value ABC,data_str(12) Value abcdeABCDE.Replace data_pattern with 12345 into data_str.Data_str = ?Ans: Data_str = abcde12345DE.

16) Which stmnt bypasses Buffering (correct option can be more than one)a)Select.b)Selectinto..c) Select..distinct.. passes buffering .Selectfor update..

17) How do we handle EXCEPTIONs in ABAP?by checking sy-subrc values .

18) Authorization takes place when: (NOT SURE OF OPTIONS)abap program is executed .authority-check statement is used.rest all rubbish....during SELECT. (ans: NO)AUTHORITY-CHECK IS WRITTEN.System Administrator checks for the authorizations taken.important topics in abap interview1. How data is stored in cluster table?Each field of cluster table behaves as tables which contains the no. of entries.2. What are client dependant objects in abap/sap?SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC objects.3. On which even we can validate the input fields in module programs?In PAI (Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.)4. In selection screen I have three fields, plant mat no and material group. If I input plant how do I get the mat no and material group based on plant dynamically?AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL.CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST' to get material and material group for the plant.5. How do you get output from IDOC?Data in IDOc is stored in segments; the output from IDoc is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments.6. When top of the page event is triggered?After executing first write statement in start-of-selection event.7. Can we create field without data element and how?In SE11 one option is available above the fields strip. Data element/ direct type.8. How do we debug sapscript?Go to SE71 give lay set name, go to utilities select debugger mode on.9. Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program.TCode AL21.10. How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table.Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z table name and press enter.ABAP Frequently Asked QuestionABAP/4Q: When we create a customer the information is updated in structure RF02D and the some tables like KNA1 are updated. How can we find the tables for master data transactions?A: Go to ABAP Workbench -> Overview -> application hierarchy - SAP -> follow the customizing based tree for your application. Double click on a lowest hierarchy level to get for the correct marked development class. Here you can find all the tables, views, logical databases etc. used for a system operation.SapScriptQ: We get the total number of pages as expected by using 'SAPSCRIPT-FORMPAGES' in a duplex layout. In our case duplex case is always 'Terms & Conditions'. We do not want the number of pages as in duplex printing. What is the best possible solution?A: On the Terms & Conditions page, Change the Page counter mode to 'HOLD' to keep the page counter from incrementing when you print the Term & Conditions.________________________________________SOMETHING EXTRA!ABAP,IMPORTANT,INTERVIEW,TOPICSimportant abap questions for interviewHi everyone.......Welcome to this blog which discusses all importantthingsto consider before going to anabapinterview .We will try not to discuss the usual questions like what is 3 tier architecture and other BABY questions ,but real time questions ,.....hmmmm...well I think I'll need to give you an example .Okin one of the interviews I attended , the interviewers started with a question .."What will happen if you put theSposin a search help to SPACE??" ...Well............So you see what I talking about is these types of situations where the interviewers can askyou any thing out of the bolt.I May or may not have answers to all such questionsbut one thing is sure that together we can solve lots of such tricky issues.Many of you must be thinking why is the need for another site for important interview questions for interview ???.... when so many others are available ....well let me frank ...how may useful sites did you actually find , moreover I have some free time and I like sharing my knowledge with others ...Also when you explain something to some one ...you too will learn a lot of things yourself .So the next time please check in for some surprising easy and some really toughabapquestions'.. :-)I know that all of us here ;want to be REAL GOOD in SAP.Well we have somechoices to makewe can either wait for our companies to give us trainings wait for projects ,or else be ready to spend a real huge sum of money to learn SAP from a reliable and quality source.or....there is a onewhat if I tell you that I discovered some thing really special ,a program that solves all our problemssolution to all these problems,at a very small price ....wanna be known as the best SAP consultant around ,wanna double;yes double you salary in maybe 6 months.Interested? well read on .Wanna see for yourself ?check out the ultimate SAP learning course ever!

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