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Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of person 2? 3.What is the phenotype of person 4?

Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

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People in a town of Alaska have seen some wolves with black coats and blue eyes recently. They want to know how likely it is for a wolf to have both traits. Normal coat color (N) is dominant to black (n) and brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue (b). The alpha male is black with blue eyes and the alpha female is heterozygous for normal colored coat and for brown eyes. What are their genotypes?

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Page 1: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Warm- UpIf the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)…

1.What is the genotype of person 1?2.What is the genotype of person 2?3.What is the phenotype of person 4?

Page 2: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Review• A couple wants to know how likely

their children will inherit a form of deafness, which is caused by a recessive gene. The mother has no family history of deafness, but the father is heterozygous for the deafness. Use the letter “D” to complete the Punnett Square

Page 3: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

People in a town of Alaska have seen some wolves with black coats and blue eyes recently. They want to know how likely it is for a wolf to have both traits. Normal coat color (N) is dominant to black (n) and brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue (b). The alpha male is black with blue eyes and the alpha female is heterozygous for normal colored coat and for brown eyes.

What are their genotypes?

Page 4: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

a. How many of the offspring out of 16 living in the pack will have a normal coat and brown eyes?

b. How many of the offspring out of 16 living in the pack will have a black coat and blue eyes?

Page 5: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Sex-linked traitA boy, whose parents and grandparents

had normal vision, is color-blind. What genotype must his mother have in order for him to have color-blindness? Use XB for the dominant normal condition and Xb for the recessive, color-blind phenotype.

Page 6: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

A woman is concerned that her children may inherit cystic fibrosis, which runs in her family. She does not have the disorder herself, but she may be a carrier. 1.What would her genotype look like if she is a carrier? (use the letter F)2.What is the probability that she would have a child with cystic fibrosis?

Page 7: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Warm Up1. Name two diseases that are sex-linked (found on the X-

chromosome)2. Name two diseases that are autosomal.3. In the pedigree below, is the trait autosomal or sex-

linked?

Page 8: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

1. Which type of inheritance involves multiple genes?

2. Which type of inheritance leads to a blend of two traits?

Page 9: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Bellwork: Inheritance Patterns

• When multiple alleles code for a trait it is called a _________________ trait.

Page 10: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Warm Up1.

2. When two traits are equally expressed in an organism, the mode of inheritance is ___________________

Page 11: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

How do we inherit traits?a) The different ways that people inherit

traits are called “modes of inheritance”.

b) There are 4 modes of inheritance that you will need to know:

– Complete Dominance– Incomplete Dominance– Codominance– Polygenic Traits

Page 12: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Complete Dominance• This is when one trait overpowers

another.• The dominant trait is the one that will

suppress other traits. (BB or Bb)• The recessive trait is hidden unless

there are two copies of the allele present in the gene. (bb)

Page 13: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

What is Incomplete Dominance?

a) Incomplete dominance is when the offspring have a blend of their parents’ traits.

b) Example: If red snapdragons (RR) are crossed with white snapdragons (rr), you get PINK snapdragons (Rr)!

c) The genotypes would be Rr but the flowers will be pink because both traits blended to form a new phenotype.

Page 14: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Example of Incomplete Dominance

Page 15: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

What is Co-dominance?a) Co-dominance is when the two different

alleles are equally expressed in a heterozygous offspring.

b) Both alleles makeup the phenotype without blending together.

c) Example: Not all things in the world are just black or brown! Lots of things are spotted or made of multiple colors due to co-dominant traits.

Page 16: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Co-dominance

Page 17: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

What are Polygenic traits?a) Polygenic traits are traits controlled by

two or more genes- “Poly” means many or multiple

b) Polygenic traits often show a wide variety of phenotypes.

c) This type of inheritance is responsible for the wide range of different skin colors in humans. There are more than 4 different genes that determine this trait.

Page 18: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Polygenetic traits

Page 19: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Examples in Humans• Eye color• Height• Weight• Skin Color• Blood Type

Page 20: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Multiple Allelesa) When there are more than two

possible alleles for a trait, it’s called multiple allele inheritance

b) In a population, there are multiple alleles that can make up a trait

c) Example: Blood Type - People can have the blood types A, B,

AB or O

Page 21: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Blood Types

Page 22: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Blood Type Practice

Page 23: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Example problemAndalusian chickens can come in different colors. When a black chicken is crossed with white chicken, they produce a “blue” chicken. The blue Andalusian chicken is called blue because it has both black and white feathers. What type of inheritance is this?

Page 24: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Practice Problems

Page 25: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Exit Ticket1. A cat is spotted. It has white fur and orange

spots. What mode of inheritance is it expressing?

2. A red rose and a yellow rose are crossed and they produce orange offspring. What mode of inheritance is this?

3. Skin color is an example of what mode of inheritance?

Page 26: Warm- Up If the pedigree shows the disorder hemophilia caused by a recessive allele (h)… 1.What is the genotype of person 1? 2.What is the genotype of

Mode of InheritanceSuppose you have two rose plants, both with pink flowers. You cross the two plants and are surprised to find that, while most of the offspring are pink, some are red and some are white. What type of inheritance is this? (incomplete, co-dominance, multiple alleles, polygenic, sex-linked)?