Visibility of Korean science journals: an analysis between citation measures among international composition of editorial board and foreign authorship

Visibility of Korean science journals: an analysis betweencitation measures among international compositionof editorial board and foreign authorship

Mee-Jean Kim

Received: 30 August 2009 / Published online: 8 April 2010� Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, Hungary 2010

Abstract This article reports findings from a study of the relationship between citation

measures (impact factor and its quartile) among international composition of editorial

board and foreign authorship in 17 Korean SCI journals for the three 5-year periods, 1995,

2000, and 2005. With few exceptions, the relationship between international editorial

board composition and foreign authorship and citation measures was non-existent, at

p [ 0.05. However, the international members on editorial boards and foreign authorship

of papers in Korean journals have increased greatly over the three 5-year periods, and there

has been to a certain degree growth in the visibility and performance of Korean SCI

journals in terms of impact factors, but not their quartiles.

Keywords Visibility � Korean science journals � International composition

of editorial board � Foreign authorship � Citation measures

Introduction

Recent studies, concerning Korean scientific growth in terms of research output in

mainstream science journals, show an increasing presence of Korean researchers in the

world’s scientific literature (Kim 2001, 2005, 2007). According to the Ministry of Edu-

cation, Science and Technology of Korea (2007), the Korean share of world publication

output in the Science Citation Index rose strikingly from 0.16% in 1987 to 0.96% in 1997,

and to 2.17% in 2007, and the ranking of Korean share in global publications jumped from

40th in 1987 to 18th in 1997, and to 12th in 2007.

However, the citation performance of Korean science in terms of the percentage of

world share—that is, the average number of citations per paper—is not yet as competitive

as publication performance. In the number of citations per paper for years 1990, 1997, and

2007, a notable increase was apparent—from 1.24 citations in 1990, to 1.69 citations in

M.-J. Kim (&)Department of Library and Information Science, Jeonju University,Hyoja-dong 3Ga 1200, Wansan-Gu, Jeonju 560-759, South Koreae-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

123

Scientometrics (2010) 84:505–522DOI 10.1007/s11192-010-0168-x

1997, and to 3.44 citations in 2007. Nevertheless, Korea ranked 30th in 1990 in the world

in the number of citations per paper of the total research output, fell slightly to 33rd place

in 1997, and then rose again to 30th place in 2007 (Ministry of Education, Science and

Technology of Korea 2007). The Report indicates clearly that papers by Korean

researchers were less influential to mainstream science in terms of citation measures,

compared to the impact and performance of Korean science in world publication output.

According to Korea Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning (Korea

Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning 2007), analysis of Korean

science & technology performance indicators also presents less citedness relative to

Korea’s research output, compared with those of scientifically developed countries, for

years 1996–2005. The number of papers by Korean researchers was 15,305, and the

number of citations received by said papers for the years 1996–2005 was 678,175, with an

average of 4.43 citations per paper. Only three countries—the People’s Republic of China

(3.32), Russia (3.39), and Korea (4.43)—demonstrated markedly lower number of citations

per paper relative to other nations surveyed (Fig. 1).

With an increasing number of Korean journals indexed by Science Citation Index (SCI)

and Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E), the citation performance is largely influ-

enced by those papers published in Korean SCI journals (Kim 2007). Similar to scientif-

ically mid-level countries, Korean SCI journals are the main source for scholarly

communication within the Korean academic community. However, they suffer from being

national in character, which restricts their visibility and citedness in mainstream science.

Thirty-eight Korean science journals were included in the 2007 Journal Citation Reports(JCR) Science Edition, but only fifteen of those journals (39.5%) had impact factors higher

than one.

As Zitt and Bassecoulard (1998) noted, the internationalized nature of scientific journals

may be determined by many methods, all of them closely interrelated. Internationalization

and visibility of scientific journals have been investigated from many points of view in the

relevant literature.

One measurement of the degree of internationalization of scholarly journals is the

national distribution of authors. He and Spink (2002) compared the distribution of foreign

authors over a 50-year period (1950–1999) for two major information science journals—

12.92

7.76

9.81

11.21

9.4410.55

8.95

3.32 3.39

7.52

8.98

11.8811.32

4.43

13.58

10.1

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

USAJa

pan

Germ

any

UK

Franc

e

Canad

aIta

lyPRC

Russia

Spain

Austra

lia

Nethe

rland

s

Sweden

Korea

Switzer

land

Belgium

No.

of p

aper

s

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Ave

rage

no.

of c

itatio

ns p

er p

aper

Fig. 1 Publication output and the number of citations per paper, of Korea and the scientifically developedcountries, 1996–2005

506 M.-J. Kim

123

the Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology (JASIST) and

the Journal of Documentation (JDoc). They found that both JASIST and JDoc as two

major international journals succeeded in attracting more and more foreign authors; JDoc,

however, was more international or more receptive with regard to foreign authorship, thus

publishing more articles contributed by foreign authors outside the UK.

In an evaluative study of the visibility of Italian journals, Ugolini and Casilli (2003)

found that the most cited Italian journals had a rather low influence on the global scientific

community when evaluated in terms of citations. Using similar measurement parameters of

the Ugolini and Casilli’s study, Pouris (2005) identified the effects of the government’s

withdrawal of financial support on South African journals’ impact factors, and analyzed the

visibility of South African journals indexed in the 2002 Journal Citation Report (JCR).

Uzun (2004) assessed the internationality of scholarly journals through foreign

authorship patterns of articles and international composition of journal editorial boards in

the five leading journals in the field of information science, and in scientometrics. Uzun

found the foreign input of articles to be proportionally high (over 90%) in InformationProcessing & Management and Scientometrics, and relatively low in the other three

journals. In a study on international visibility of Chinese journals in the fields of chemistry

and physics, in terms of the country of origin of published papers and their citation

patterns, Ren and Rousseau (2002) concluded that even those Chinese journals in the SCI

were rather local and suffered from low world visibility. Although the above studies

discussed several aspects of geographical locations of the foreign contributor authors and

international editorial board composition in scholarly journals, a single study investigating

the relationship between foreign authorship of papers and the international make-up of

editorial board in Korean science journals, including citation measures, has until now yet to

be undertaken.

Evaluative studies on the international visibility of Korean science journals through

citation measures are necessary to increase the standing of Korean science and technology

research. Accordingly, this study investigates the internationality and visibility of Korean

SCI journals in order to identify to what extent the contributions of foreign authors, as well

as the international composition of editorial boards as indicators of internationality,

influence the impact and performance of Korean scientific journals, as indicated by JournalCitation Reports citation measures over the three 5-year periods, 1995, 2000, and 2005.

Methods

For this study, the international visibility of Korean SCI journals was considered to have

characteristics such as being published in English, attracting authors from other countries,

having an international editorial board, and receiving citations from all nations. This study

examined trends in foreign authorship of papers and the international editorial board

composition in Korean journals represented per 5-year period for years 1995, 2000, and

2005, due to their coverage by SCI and SCI-E database. 17 Korean science journals,

covered by 2000 Journal Citation Reports (JCR) Science Edition Web version, were

investigated for the present study.

Table 1 summarizes the 17 Korean journals included in the 2000 JCR Science Edition.

Among the 17 journals, 14 have been published by prestigious Korean academic societies

in their respective disciplines, with three journals—ETRI Journal, Yonsei Medical Journal,and Structural Engineering and Mechanics—published by other sources: the government-

supported R&D institute (Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute),

Visibility of Korean science journals 507

123

university’s medical school (Yonsei University’s Medical School), and a scientific pub-

lishing company (Techno Press), respectively. Similar to scientific, technical, and medical

(STM) publishers in the scientifically developed countries, Techno Press, a recently

established publishing company in Korea, is currently publishing five SCI-E journals in the

Table 1 Korean science journal covered by the 2000 JCR Science Edition

Journal title (abbreviated title) Publisher Start year,included inSCI & SCIEJCR

Archives of Pharmacal Research(Arch Pharm Res)

Pharmaceutical Society of Koreaa 1996

Asian-Australasian Journal of AnimalScience (Asian Austral J Anim)

Asian-Australasian Association of AnimalProduction Societies,

Korean Society of Animal Science andTechnology

1998

Bulletin of the Korean ChemicalSociety (B Korean Chem Soc)

Korean Chemical Society 1983

ETRI Journal (ETRI J) Electronics & TelecommunicationsResearch Institute

1998

Experimental and Molecular Medicine(Exp Mol Med) (Formerly KoreanJournal of Biochemistry)

Korean Society of Medical BiochemistryandMolecular Biology

1998

Journal of Industrial and EngineeringChemistry (J Ind Eng Chem)

Korean Society of Industrial andEngineeringChemistry

2000

Journal of the Korean PhysicalSociety (J Korean Phys Soc)

Korean Physical Society 1995

Journal of Mechanical Science andTechnology (J Mech Sci Technol)(Formerly KSME International Journal)

Korean Society of Mechanical Engineersa 1997

Journal of Microbiology (J Microbiol) Microbiological Society of Koreaa 1998

Journal of Microbiology andBiotechnology (J Microbiol Biotechn)

Korean Society for Microbiology andBiotechnology

2000

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering(Korean J Chem Eng)

Korean Institute of Chemical Engineersa 1990

Korean Journal of Genetics (Korean JGenetic)

Genetics Society of Korea 1998

Macromolecular Research (Macromol Res)(Formerly Korea Polymer Journal)

Polymer Society of Korea 1998

Metals and Materials International(Met Mater-Int) (FormerlyMetals and Materials International)

Korean Institute of Metals and Materialsa 1999

Polymer-Korea (Polymer-Korea) Polymer Society of Korea 1998

Structural Engineering and Mechanics(Struct Eng Mech)

Techno Press 1997

Yonsei Medical Journal (Yonsei Med J) Yonsei University’s Collegeof Medicine

2000

a Indicates that five Korean academic societies have distributed their representative journals with Springer.In addition, four more academic societies—such as the Korean Society of Civil Engineers, the Korean FiberSociety, the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers, and the Korean Society for Biotechnology andBioengineering—have electronic publishing agreements with Springer

508 M.-J. Kim

123

field of civil and architectural engineering. As Park and Leydesdorff (2008) discussed,

these trends reflect the gradually changing situation in traditional Korean publishing sys-

tems, heavily dependent upon Korea’s academic societies. Furthermore, eight Korean

academic societies have distributed their journals through Springer, one of the international

publishing companies since 2008; the Korean Institute of Metals and Materials (KIMM)

adds its Korean SCI journal to Springer’s journals list in 2009. In addition, the Entomo-logical Research is currently published by the Entomological Society of Korea in asso-

ciation with Wiley-Blackwell through electronic publishing agreements.

As several aspects of foreign authorship and international editorial board composition in

journals were also studied by Nisonger (2002), Ren and Rousseau (2002), and Uzun

(2004), the differences in methodology between the above studies and the present study

should be clarified.

For the present study, various names of respective international editorial boards—such

as ‘‘editorial board,’’ ‘‘editorial committee,’’ ‘‘editorial advisory board,’’ and ‘‘international

advisory board’’—were included. In addition to editor-in-chief, considered in this analysis

were associate/assistant editors wielding substantial decisions in editorial process and

policy-making of their respective Korean science journals. In Nisonger’s study (2002),

however, the board of directors of the society publishing a journal was not considered an

editorial board and, thus, such lists not used in the analysis.

For each volume and issue, all substantial papers, such as original papers and ‘‘Brief

Communications,’’ were considered for this study, as such provide a better measurement of

internationalization of the journals in terms of foreign authorship patterns than do reviews,

letters, conference reports, et al. Authors’ geographic locations were determined by their

affiliate countries when contributing to the 17 Korean science journals. In analyzing the

authorship patterns, the present study looked at all authors of multiple-author papers, with

four types of authorship categorized: (1) solely Korean authored; (2) Korean/foreign co-

authored; (3) foreign/Korean co-authored; and (4) solely foreign authored. Thus, the

present study also attempted to analyze foreign authorship trends on a first author basis

over the three 5-year periods. However, Uzun (2004) categorized the nationality of the

authors by their affiliations into three types of authorship: (1) purely national, (2) mixed,

and (3) purely foreign. For international co-authorship figures, the ‘‘whole count’’ method

was used to assess the paper by affiliate countries of multiple authors—meaning that one

paper co-authored by, for example, three different countries would add one full paper to the

productivity counts of each country for the present study.

The citation measure (impact factor) was gathered through Journal Citation ReportsScience Edition for years 1995, 2000, and 2005 to evaluate the impact and performance of

Korean science journals. The previous studies (Nisonger 2002; Ren and Rousseau 2002)

also used only the JCR impact factor (IF) to evaluate the performance of scholarly journals.

As corrective for the possible asymmetry of impact factors (e.g., discipline-to-discipline

variations in levels of impact factors), however, the quartile in which the journal fell in the

journals list of the same discipline by the JCR was also utilized for the present study. Thus,

the present study attempted to identify to what extent foreign authorship of papers and

international composition of editorial boards in Korean science journals have relationship

with the impact factors of the journals and their quartiles. Accordingly, the first quartile

(designated Q1) represents the lowest 25% of the impact factors in the same discipline

journals set, while the fourth quartile (designated Q4) occupies the highest 25% of impact

factors in the data set. In addition, the quartile of science journal appearing in more than

one discipline was calculated by dividing the sum of the quartiles of impact factors in the

disciplines by the total number of the disciplines of that journal.


123

Results and discussion

Profile of Korean science journals

Table 2 shows year 2005 indicators of the 17 Korean science journals included in the 2000JCR Science Edition Web version. Among the 17 journals, the Journal of the KoreanPhysical Society received the highest number of citations (2,349) for year 2005, followed

by the Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society (2,247), the Journal of Microbiology andBiotechnology (1,234), the Archives of Pharmacal Research (1,093), and the Asian-Aus-tralasian Journal of Animal Science (1,091). Among the 17 Korean journals, only one

journal, Experimental and Molecular Medicine (IF = 2.078), had an impact factor higher

than two. After Experimental and Molecular Medicine, four journals such as Journal ofMicrobiology and Biotechnology (IF = 1.744), Metals and Materials International(IF = 1.604), ETRI Journal (IF = 1.254), and Journal of Industrial and EngineeringChemistry (IF = 1.176) had a relatively high impact factor between one and two. Out of 17

journals, only one, Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, was listed among the top

five Korean journals in terms of impact factor and total number of citations.

Table 3 presents the impact factors and the quartiles of the Korean journals for years

1995, 2000, and 2005 in the JCR Science Edition. 17 Korean journals belonged to 19

different categories by the JCR journal classification, as nine journals were appeared in

more than one discipline. Chemistry, multidisciplinary with three journals, and biochem-

istry & molecular biology, biotechnology & applied microbiology, chemical engineering,

mechanical engineering, microbiology, and polymer science with two journals, dominated

the other fields in each JCR category. The impact factors of all 17 Korean journals were

Table 2 Korean science journals in JCR: 2005 indicators

Journal title Impactfactor

Totalcites

Immediacyindex

Number ofarticles

Citedhalf-life

Arch Pharm Res 0.818 1,093 0.090 223 4.5

Asian Austral J Anim 0.854 1,091 0.114 281 3.1

B Korean Chem Soc 0.918 2,247 0.234 432 3.8

ETRI J 1.254 333 0.327 104 2.7

Exp Mol Med 2.078 749 0.250 76 3.3

J Ind Eng Chem 1.176 580 0.219 137 2.5

J Korean Phys Soc 0.828 2,349 0.217 658 2.6

J Mech Sci Technol – 9 0.033 240 –

J Microbiol 0.967 254 0.325 83 2.7

J Microbiol Biotechn 1.744 1,234 0.099 213 3.0

Korean J Chem Eng 0.750 775 0.097 155 3.8

Korean J Genetic 0.333 110 0.087 46 3.6

Macromolecular Res 0.854 221 0.141 85 2.4

Met Mater-Int 1.604 596 0.137 73 3.0

Polymer-Korea 0.325 228 0.080 100 4.8

Struct Eng Mech 0.432 278 0.031 131 4.4

Yonsei Med J 0.628 829 0.030 135 4.6

510 M.-J. Kim

123

higher in 2005 than in 2000. Five journals had an impact factor higher than one (IF [ 1) in

2005, while only two journals had an impact factor of one or more in 2000. However, none

of three journals had an impact factor greater than one in 1995.

Table 3 indicates that two journals such as ETRI Journal (Telecommunications disci-

pline) and Metals and Materials International, constituted the fourth, or the top, quartile

(Q4) in 2005. In addition, six journals, e.g., Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science,

ETRI Journal (Engineering, Electrical & Electronic discipline), Experimental & Molecular

Table 3 Impact factors and quartiles of Korean science journals: the years 1995, 2000, and 2005a

Journal title JCR subject category 1995 IF(quartile)

2000 IF(quartile)

2005 IF(quartile)

Arch Pharm Res Chemistry, medicinal – 0.629 (Q1) 0.818 (Q1)

Pharmacology & pharmacy 0.818 (Q1)

Biochemistry & molecular biology 0.629 (Q1)

Asian Austral J Anim Agriculture, dairy & animal science – 0.446 (Q2) 0.854 (Q3)b

B Korean Chem Soc Chemistry, multidisciplinary 0.380 (Q2) 0.419 (Q2) 0.918 (Q2)

ETRI J Engineering, electrical & electronic – 0.560 (Q3) 1.254 (Q3)

Telecommunications 0.560 (Q3) 1.254 (Q4)b

Exp Mol Med Biochemistry & molecular biology – 1.411 (Q2) 2.078 (Q2)

Medicine, research & experimental 1.411 (Q2) 2.078 (Q3)b

J Ind Eng Chem Chemistry, multidisciplinary – 0.377 (Q2) 1.176 (Q3)b

Engineering, chemical 0.377 (Q2) 1.176 (Q3)b

J Korean Phys Soc Physics, multidisciplinary 0.187 (Q1) 0.394 (Q2)b 0.828 (Q2)

J Mech Sci Technol Engineering, mechanical – 0.253 (Q2) 0.344 (Q2)

J Microbiol Microbiology – 0.185 (Q1) 0.967 (Q1)

J Microbiol Biotechn Biotechnology & appliedmicrobiology

– 1.083 (Q3) 1.744 (Q3)

Microbiology 1.083 (Q2) 1.744 (Q2)

Korean J Chem Eng Chemistry, multidisciplinary 0.029 (Q1) 0.343 (Q2)b 0.750 (Q2)

Engineering, chemical 0.029 (Q1) 0.343 (Q2)b 0.750 (Q3)b

Korean J Genetic Biotechnology & appliedmicrobiology

– 0.091 (Q1) 0.333 (Q1)

Genetics & heredity 0.091 (Q1) 0.333 (Q1)

Macromol Res Polymer science – 0.435 (Q2) 0.854 (Q2)

Met Mater-Int Materials science,multidisciplinary

– 0.304 (Q2) 1.604 (Q4)b

Metallurgy & metallurgicalengineering

0.304 (Q2) 1.604 (Q4)b

Polymer-Korea Polymer science – 0.207 (Q1) 0.325 (Q1)

Struct Eng Mech Engineering, civil – 0.201 (Q2) 0.432 (Q2)

Engineering, mechanical 0.201 (Q2) 0.432 (Q2)

Yonsei Med J Medicine, general & internal – 0.332 (Q1) 0.628 (Q2)b

aQuartiles of journal impact factors: Q1 (0% \ IF B 25%); Q2 (25% \ IF B 50%); Q3 (50% \ IF B 75%);Q4 (75% \ IF B 100%)b Indicates the journals having improvements in quartiles of journal impact factors, compared with theprevious period


123

Medicine (Medicine, Research & Experimental discipline), Journal of Industrial andEngineering Chemistry, Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology (Biotechnology &

Applied Microbiology discipline), Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering (Engineering,

Chemical discipline) occupies the third quartile (Q3) in 2005. However, only two jour-

nals—ETRI Journal and Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology (Biotechnology &

Applied Microbiology discipline)—constituted the third quartile (Q3) in 2000. None of

three journals included in the 1995 JCR Science Edition represented the upper half (the

third or the fourth quartile) of the same discipline journals set in 1995. Out of the three

journals, two improved from the first quartile (Q1) in 1995 to the second (Q2) in 2000.

Among the 17 journals, seven journals improved their quartiles in 2005 more than in 2000,

with the others remaining in the same quartile. The results clearly reveal a steady growth in

the citation measures (impact factors and the quartiles) of Korean science journals over the

three 5-year periods.

International composition of editorial board in Korean science journals

Table 4 shows the overall trends of editorial board composition in 17 Korean journals per

5-year period from 1995 to 2005. The number of foreign countries represented on the

editorial boards rose from 63 (an average of 3.7 foreign countries per journal) in 1995 to

115 (an average of 6.8 foreign countries) in 2000, and to 123 (an average of 7.2 foreign

countries) in 2005 with a doubled increase over the course of the study. The number of

editorial board members increased from 410 (an average of 24.1 members per journal) in

1995 to 598 (an average of 35.2 members) in 2000, and to 752 (an average of 44.2

members) in 2005; and the number of international members increased from 122 (an

average of 7.2 members per journal) in 1995 to 279 (16.4 members) in 2000, and to 300

(17.6 members) in 2005. The percentage of international board members increased from

29.8% in 1995 to 46.7% in 2000, and decreased slightly to 39.9% in 2005.

Among the 17 journals, seven did not have an international member on the editorial

board in 1995, and three had no international member in 2000. However, only one journal,

Polymer-Korea publishing articles written in either English or Korean, had no international

member on the editorial board in 2005. On the other hand, the number of journals having

more than half of the percentage of international members on editorial boards increased

slightly from three in 1995 to five in both 2000 and 2005. In particular, two journals, Asian-

Australasian Journal of Animal Science (jointly published by Korean Society of Animal

Science and Technology and Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production

Societies) and Structural Engineering Mechanics (published by Techno Press, Korean

scientific and technical publisher), have maintained a consistently high percentage of

international members on their editorial boards since 1995.

Table 5 presents the breakdown of international members on editorial boards in Korean

journals by country. Eighteen countries which had fewer than five editors on editorial

boards for 3 years are categorized as ‘‘others.’’ The countries with the highest number of

editorial members in all years combined are the USA (38.2%), followed by Japan (18.1%),

the UK (4.9%), Australia (4.4%), the People’s Republic of China (3.7%), Canada (2.9%),

Taiwan (2.7%), and France (2.6%). More than one-third of international members on

editorial boards of Korean science journals are from the United States. As Kim’s study

(2005) has discussed, the overwhelmingly high percentage of US editorial members on

boards can be partly explained by the strong ties between Korean and US scientists and

engineers. In addition, the results indicate a steadily increasing trend of Japanese editorial

members over the three 5-year periods.

512 M.-J. Kim

123

Table 4 Distribution of international editorial members on boards

Journal title Year Totalforeigncountries

Totalboardmembers

Totalinternationalmembers

Percentage ofinternationalmembers

Arch Pharm Res 1995 3 24 5 20.8

2000 4 46 32 69.6

2005 5 40 23 57.5

Asian Austral J Anim 1995 15 32 24 75.0

2000 23 82 64 78.0

2005 23 110 62 56.4

B Korean Chem Soc 1995 0 20 0 0.0

2000 6 27 8 29.6

2005 7 40 11 27.5

ETRI J 1995 0 12 0 0.0

2000 0 10 0 0.0

2005 6 24 10 41.7

Exp Mol Med 1995 0 9 0 0.0

2000 4 37 20 54.1

2005 2 40 19 47.5

J Ind Eng Chem 1995 0 10 0 0.0

2000 5 26 10 38.5

2005 5 38 12 31.6

J Korean Phys Soc 1995 1 19 3 15.8

2000 1 26 3 11.5

2005 1 21 3 14.3

J Mech Sci Technol 1995 0 39 0 0.0

2000 7 29 13 44.8

2005 4 43 8 18.6

J Microbiol 1995 6 16 8 50.0

2000 6 34 14 41.2

2005 6 46 11 23.9

J Microbiol Biotechn 1995 6 48 8 16.7

2000 16 51 22 43.1

2005 16 61 21 34.4

Korean J Chem Eng 1995 1 25 7 28.0

2000 5 15 9 60.0

2005 8 19 12 63.2

Korean J Genetic 1995 0 14 0 0.0

2000 0 17 0 0.0

2005 3 51 7 13.7

Macromol Res 1995 1 15 1 6.7

2000 9 29 13 44.8

2005 6 37 14 37.8

Met Mater-Int 1995 6 43 18 41.9

2000 6 71 25 35.2

2005 8 68 26 38.2


123

Table 5 Distribution of international editorial members by countrya

Country 1995 2000 2005 Total

USA 46 (37.7) 103 (36.9) 119 (39.7) 268 (38.2)

Japan 15 (12.3) 53 (19.6) 59 (19.7) 127 (18.1)

UK 6 (4.9) 14 (5.0) 14 (4.7) 34 (4.9)

Australia 6 (4.9) 12 (4.3) 13 (4.3) 31 (4.4)

People’s Republic of China 5 (4.1) 10 (3.6) 11 (3.7) 26 (3.7)

Canada 4 (3.3) 10 (3.6) 6 (2.0) 20 (2.9)

Taiwan 4 (3.3) 8 (2.9) 7 (2.3) 19 (2.7)

France 3 (2.5) 8 (2.9) 7 (2.3) 18 (2.6)

Germany 3 (2.5) 7 (2.5) 7 (2.3) 17 (2.4)

India 3 (2.5) 4 (1.4) 8 (2.7) 15 (2.1)

Russia 2 (1.6) 6 (2.2) 4 (1.3) 12 (1.7)

Italy 2 (1.6) 4 (1.4) 4 (1.3) 10 (1.4)

Thailand 3 (2.5) 2 (0.7) 5 (1.7) 10 (1.4)

Malaysia 2 (1.6) 3 (1.1) 3 (1.0) 8 (1.1)

Pakistan 0 4 (1.4) 4 (1.3) 8 (1.1)

Singapore 1 (0.8) 3 (1.1) 4 (1.3) 8 (1.1)

Switzerland 2 (1.6) 3 (1.1) 3 (1.0) 8 (1.1)

Indonesia 2 (1.6) 3 (1.1) 1 (0.3) 6 (0.9)

New Zealand 2 (1.6) 2 (0.7) 2 (0.7) 6 (0.9)

Philippines 2 (1.6) 2 (0.7) 2 (0.7) 6 (0.9)

Spain 1 (0.8) 2 (0.7) 2 (0.7) 5 (0.7)

Others 10 (8.2) 20 (7.2) 20 (6.7) 50 (7.1)

Total 122 (100.0) 279 (100.0) 300 (100.0) 701 (100.0)

a Percentage of international editorial members given in parenthesis

Table 4 continued

Journal title Year Total foreigncountries

Total boardmembers

Totalinternationalmembers

Percentage ofinternationalmembers

Polymer Korea 1995 0 12 0 0.0

2000 0 16 0 0.0

2005 0 19 0 0.0

Struct Eng Mech 1995 19 40 37 92.5

2000 18 40 36 90.0

2005 17 37 32 86.5

Yonsei Med J 1995 5 32 11 34.4

2000 5 42 10 23.8

2005 6 58 29 50.0

Total (mean data perjournal given inparenthesis)

1995 63 (3.7) 410 (24.1) 122 (7.2) 29.8

2000 115 (6.8) 598 (35.2) 279 (16.4) 46.7

2005 123 (7.2) 752 (44.2) 300 (17.6) 39.9

514 M.-J. Kim

123

Foreign authorship in Korean science journals

Table 6 shows the time-series analysis of Korean and foreign-authored papers in 17

Korean science journals per 5-year period by four categories of authorship. The percentage

of the total number of papers authored solely by Koreans (solely Korean authored)

decreased, at an average for the 17 Korean science journals, from 80.2% in 1995 to 73.5%

in 2000, and to 70.4% in 2005, a notable 9.8% decrease. In addition, the percentage of

internationally collaborative papers by Korean-foreign co-authors (Korean/foreign co-

authored) decreased steadily from 6.9% in 1995 to 5.7% in 2005.

However, the percentage of internationally collaborative papers by foreign-Korean co-

authors (foreign/Korean co-authored) increased more than twofold, from 0.9% in 1995 to

1.2% in 2000, and to 2.0% in 2005. Similar to the increasing trend of papers by foreign-

Korean co-authors, the percentage of those authored by solely by foreign researchers

(solely foreign-authored) increased from 12.0% in 1995 to 19.5% in 2000, and to 21.9% in

2005.

Analysis of Korean and foreign-authored papers (on a first author basis) shows that the

percentage of foreign-authored papers (authorship type E) given in the final column

increased greatly from 12.8% in 1995 to 20.7% in 2000, and to 23.9% in 2005—an 11.1%

increase. The percentage of foreign-authored contributions (on a first author basis) in two

journals, Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science and Structural Engineering andMechanics, remained drastically higher at over 70%, on aggregate, compared to the per-

centages of those in other Korean journals. In case of ETRI Journal, the percentage of

foreign-authored papers increased remarkably, from 0% in both 1995 and 2000 to 27.3% in

2005.

In three Korean science journals—Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Journal ofMicrobiology and Biotechnology, and Yonsei Medical Journal—the percentage of foreign-

authored papers remained relatively lower, at below 10% for year 2005, compared to the

percentages of those in other Korean journals. In particular, Polymer-Korea remained

constant at 0% foreign authorship throughout the three 5-year periods. The data clearly

indicate that the four Korean journals have not succeeded in attracting more foreign

authors for the three 5-year periods, and that they tend to publish overwhelmingly more

results of scientific research conducted by Korean researchers. Nevertheless, a quantitative

analysis of the authorship in Korean science journals has seen a steady and constant shift

from Korean to foreign-authored papers over the three 5-year periods.

Table 7 provides a list of major foreign countries represented by all foreign co-authors

and solely by foreign authors who published papers in Korean science journals over the

three periods. For the international authorship figures, the ‘‘whole count’’ method was used

to assess the paper by affiliate countries of multiple authors, and thus the total number of

foreign-authored papers for all three periods was smaller than the sum-total number of

countries with foreign authors.

The data show that the majority of foreign authors were from the USA (20.0%), Japan

(17.8%), and the People’s Republic of China (12.7%) throughout the three 5-year periods.

India (7.6%) was ranked fourth, Taiwan (3.6%) fifth, and Canada (3.2%) and Turkey

(3.2%) sixth. US authors were overwhelmingly the most productive group of foreign-

author contributors (33.3%) in 1995, but began to decrease greatly from 2000 onward. The

percentage of Japanese authors increased from 12.2% in 1995 to 19.2% in 2000, and then

decreased slightly 18.6% in 2005. Among the three productive countries, the percentage of

Chinese authors began to increase overwhelmingly from 3.9% in 1995 to 7.7% in 2000,

and to 18.0% in 2005—a fourfold increase. In addition, the percentages of authors from


123

Table 6 Distribution of Korean and foreign-authored papers in Korean science journals by authorship typea

(unit: number, percentage)

Journal title Year SolelyKorean (A)

Korean/foreign (B)

Foreign/Korean (C)

Solelyforeign (D)

Totalforeign (E)b

Arch Pharm Res 1995 76 (81.7) 7 (7.5) 1 (1.1) 9 (9.7) 10 (10.8)

2000 87 (81.3) 8 (7.5) 1 (0.9) 11 (10.3) 12 (11.2)

2005 173 (77.6) 13 (5.8) 6 (2.7) 31 (13.9) 37 (16.6)

Asian Austral J Anim 1995 16 (16.5) 0 0 81 (83.5) 81 (83.5)

2000 52 (20.6) 0 1 (0.4) 199 (79.0) 200 (79.4)

2005 77 (27.4) 0 0 204 (72.6) 204 (72.6)

B Korean Chem Soc 1995 291 (92.4) 19 (6.0) 2 (0.6) 3 (1.0) 5 (1.6)

2000 272 (92.5) 12 (4.1) 1 (0.3) 9 (3.1) 10 (3.4)

2005 351 (81.4) 28 (6.5) 3 (0.7) 49 (11.4) 52 (12.1)

ETRI J 1995 9 (75.0) 3 (25.0) 0 0 0

2000 17 (85.0) 3 (15.0) 0 0 0

2005 77 (70.0) 3 (2.7) 3 (2.7) 27 (24.5) 30 (27.3)

Exp Mol Med 1995 28 (90.3) 2 (6.5) 0 1 (3.2) 1 (3.2)

2000 34 (81.0) 4 (9.5) 0 4 (9.5) 4 (9.5)

2005 63 (82.9) 9 (11.8) 0 4 (5.3) 4 (5.3)

J Ind Eng Chem 1995 9 (69.2) 2 (15.4) 2 (15.4) 0 2 (15.4)

2000 52 (81.3) 7 (10.9) 3 (4.7) 2 (3.1) 5 (7.8)

2005 113 (81.9) 13 (9.4) 1 (0.7) 11 (8.0) 12 (8.7)

J Korean Phys Soc 1995 112 (81.8) 14 (10.2) 2 (1.5) 9 (6.6) 11 (8.0)

2000 261 (86.7) 25 (8.3) 1 (0.3) 14 (4.7) 15 (5.0)

2005 340 (71.6) 37 (7.8) 18 (3.8) 80 (16.8) 98 (20.6)

J Mech Sci Technol 1995 42 (85.7) 7 (14.3) 0 0 0

2000 135 (87.7) 9 (5.8) 6 (3.9) 4 (2.6) 10 (6.5)

2005 190 (79.2) 14 (5.8) 7 (2.9) 29 (12.1) 36 (15.0)

J Microbiol 1995 58 (93.5) 3 (4.8) 1 (1.6) 0 1 (1.6)

2000 40 (83.3) 5 (10.4) 0 3 (6.3) 3 (6.3)

2005 50 (60.2) 7 (8.4) 1 (1.2) 25 (30.1) 26 (31.3)

J Microbiol Biotechn 1995 61 (89.7) 6 (8.8) 0 1 (1.5) 1 (1.5)

2000 121 (80.1) 12 (7.9) 3 (2.0) 15 (9.9) 18 (11.9)

2005 182 (85.4) 14 (6.6) 5 (2.3) 12 (5.6) 17 (8.0)

Korean J Chem Eng 1995 83 (86.5) 11 (11.5) 0 2 (2.1) 2 (2.1)

2000 89 (73.0) 7 (5.7) 3 (2.5) 23 (18.9) 26 (21.3)

2005 118 (76.1) 11 (7.1) 4 (2.6) 22 (14.2) 26 (16.8)

Korean J Genetic 1995 32 (100.0) 0 0 0 0

2000 31 (86.1) 3 (8.3) 0 2 (5.6) 2 (5.6)

2005 34 (73.9) 2 (4.3) 2 (4.3) 8 (17.4) 10 (21.7)

Macromol Res 1995 16 (88.9) 2 (11.1) 0 0 0

2000 35 (83.3) 6 (14.3) 0 1 (2.4) 1 (2.4)

2005 68 (80.0) 3 (3.5) 4 (4.7) 10 (11.8) 14 (16.5)

516 M.-J. Kim

123

India and Taiwan increased greatly between the three periods, representing a threefold and

fourfold increase, respectively. However, authors from European countries (UK, Germany,

Italy, and France) were less apparent in Korean science journals than those from the

aforementioned Asian countries.

Visibility of Korean science journals

Table 8 summarizes the data of the respective international editorial boards, in addition to

JCR impact factors and their quartiles in the same disciplines for 17 Korean science journals

between the three 5-year periods. ANOVA results show essentially no statistical significance

in number (F = 2.863, p [ 0.05) and percentage (F = 2.212, p [ 0.05) of international

members on editorial boards and number of foreign countries (F = 1.703, p [ 0.05) rep-

resented between the three 5-year periods. The results clearly reveal no growth in the visi-

bility of Korean journals in terms of the number and percentage of international members and

the number of foreign countries on editorial boards over the three 5-year periods.

Among the five variables, only the mean impact factor (IF) per journal was statistically

significant (t = -3.302, p \ 0.005***) between two 5-year periods, 2000 and 2005, and

the average impact factor (IF) per journal increased greatly from 0.45 in 2000 to 0.94 in

2005, with a twofold increase. However, there was not statistically significant in the

quartiles of journals’ impact factors between the two 5-year periods (t = -1.486,

p [ 0.05). That the quartiles of journals’ impact factors render no statistical significance

between the two periods may reflect the fact that the impact factors of 17 Korean science

journals increased greatly from 2000 to 2005, but their impact factors did not yet reach the

Table 6 continued(unit: number, percentage)

Journal title Year SolelyKorean (A)

Korean/foreign (B)

Foreign/Korean (C)

Solelyforeign (D)

Totalforeign (E)b

Met Mater-Int 1995 11 (68.8) 2 (12.5) 2 (12.5) 1 (6.3) 3 (18.8)

2000 61 (67.8) 10 (11.1) 4 (4.4) 15 (16.7) 19 (21.1)

2005 49 (67.1) 10 (13.7) 2 (2.7) 12 (16.4) 14 (19.2)

Polymer-Korea 1995 104 (98.1) 2 (1.9) 0 0 0

2000 104 (97.2) 3 (2.8) 0 0 0

2005 99 (99.0) 1 (1.0) 0 0 0

Struct Eng Mech 1995 4 (8.9) 2 (4.4) 1 (2.2) 38 (84.4) 39 (86.7)

2000 6 (6.8) 0 0 82 (93.2) 82 (93.2)

2005 8 (6.1) 0 3 (2.3) 120 (91.6) 123 (93.9)

Yonsei Med J 1995 54 (84.4) 5 (7.8) 0 5 (7.8) 5 (7.8)

2000 104 (84.6) 4 (3.3) 1 (0.8) 14 (11.4) 15 (12.2)

2005 117 (86.0) 6 (4.4) 0 13 (9.6) 13 (9.6)

Total 1995 1,006 (80.2) 87 (6.9) 11 (0.9) 150 (12.0) 161 (12.8)

2000 1,501 (73.5) 118 (5.8) 24 (1.2) 398 (19.5) 422 (20.7)

2005 2,109 (70.4) 171 (5.7) 59 (2.0) 657 (21.9) 716 (23.9)

a Total number of papers for each journal = A ? B ? C ? Db For each journal, total number of foreign-authored papers (category E) on a foreign first author basisshows the sum of the number coming from category (C) and category (D)


123

high levels of impact factors normally received by international journals of the same

disciplines, as indicated by the JCR in the mainstream science.

Table 9 shows the results of correlating the three measures of international editorial

board composition and the two citation measures (impact factors and their quartiles) for the

two 5-year periods. The results indicated no relationship between the international editorial

board composition and the citation measures for the year 2000, with the exception of quite

weak correlations between the percentage of international members on board and the mean

impact factor per journal (r = 0.20, p [ 0.05); and the number of foreign countries on

board and quartile of journal’s impact factor (r = 0.27, p [ 0.05).

Three of the six correlations for the year 2005 were positively weak, between: the number

of international members on board and quartile of journal’s impact factor (r = 0.36,

p [ 0.05); the percentage of international members on board and quartile of journal’s impact

factor (r = 0.30, p [ 0.05); and the number of foreign countries on board and quartile of

journal’s impact factor (r = 0.36, p [ 0.05). The results may reflect the fact that the quartile

of journal’s impact factor (compared to the mean impact factor per journal) holds a weak

Table 7 Major foreign contributing countries to Korean science journalsa

Country 1995 2000 2005 Total

USA 85 (33.3) 122 (21.7) 143 (15.3) 350 (20.0)

Japan 31 (12.2) 108 (19.2) 174 (18.6) 313 (17.8)

People’s Republicof China

10 (3.9) 43 (7.7) 169 (18.0) 222 (12.7)

India 8 (3.1) 38 (6.8) 88 (9.4) 134 (7.6)

Taiwan 2 (0.8) 26 (4.6) 35 (3.7) 63 (3.6)

Canada 8 (3.1) 18 (3.2) 31 (3.3) 57 (3.2)

Turkey 1 (0.4) 9 (1.6) 47 (5.0) 57 (3.2)

Thailand 7 (2.7) 20 (3.6) 22 (2.3) 49 (2.8)

Iran 1 (0.4) 2 (0.4) 44 (4.7) 47 (2.7)

Australia 7 (2.7) 18 (3.2) 20 (2.1) 45 (2.6)

UK 9 (3.5) 19 (3.4) 14 (1.5) 42 (2.4)

Pakistan 10 (3.9) 12 (2.1) 8 (0.9) 30 (1.7)

Egypt 8 (3.1) 7 (1.2) 14 (1.5) 29 (1.7)

Russia 10 (3.9) 10 (1.8) 8 (0.9) 28 (1.6)

Malaysia 9 (3.5) 13 (2.3) 6 (0.6) 28 (1.6)

Germany 5 (2.0) 10 (1.8) 12 (1.3) 27 (1.5)

Bangladesh 13 (5.1) 8 (1.4) 3 (0.3) 24 (1.4)

Italy 1 (0.4) 5 (0.9) 15 (1.6) 21 (1.2)

France 4 (1.6) 7 (1.2) 8 (0.9) 19 (1.1)

Vietnam 0 4 (0.7) 9 (1.0) 13 (0.7)

Saudi Arabia 2 (0.8) 3 (0.5) 6 (0.6) 11 (0.6)

Others 24 (9.4) 60 (10.7) 61 (6.5) 145 (8.3)

Total no. of countries 255 (100.0) 562 (100.0) 937 100.0) 1,754 (100.0)

Total no. of foreign-authored papersb

248 540 887 1,675

a Number of foreign countries, followed by percentage in parenthesisb Total number of foreign-authored papers indicates the sum of internationally collaborative papers byKorean/foreign co-authors and foreign/Korean co-authors, and papers solely by foreign authors

518 M.-J. Kim

123

relationship with the three measures of international editorial board composition, especially

for the year 2005, although there was no statistical significance between the two variables.

Table 10 shows the results of relationship between the three 5-year periods and four

authorship types of papers (solely Korean authored, Korean/foreign co-authored, foreign/

Korean co-authored, and solely foreign authored) in Korean science journals. The chi-

square test indicates that eight of 17 journals are statistically significant in authorship type

of papers between the three 5-year periods. Eight journals showing relationship between

the two variables are Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, ETRI Journal, Journal ofIndustrial and Engineering Chemistry, Journal of the Korean Physical Society, Journal ofMechanical Science and Technology, Journal of Microbiology, Korean Journal ofChemical Engineering, and Korean Journal of Genetics. Except for Journal of Industrialand Engineering Chemistry, the percentage of foreign-authored papers in seven of the eight

Table 8 Data for International editorial composition and JCR citation measures

Variables (the years 1995, 2000, and 2005) Mean(1995)

Mean(2000)

Mean(2005)

ANOVA (Fvalue)

Significancelevel

Average number of international memberson board per journal

7.18 16.41 17.65 2.863 0.067

Average percentage of international memberson board per journal

22.45 39.07 37.81 2.212 0.120

Average number of foreign countrieson board per journal

3.71 6.76 7.24 1.703 0.193

Variables (the years 2000 and 2005) Mean(2000)

Mean(2005)

t test(t value)

Significancelevel

Average impact factor per journal – 0.45 0.94 -3.302 0.002**

Average quartile of impact factor per journal – 1.79 2.18 -1.486 0.147

Table 9 Correlation between international editorial board composition and citation measures

Pearsoncorrelation

Significancelevel

Variables (the year 2000)

No. of international members on board and impact factor 0.183 0.482

Percentage of international members on board and impact factor 0.203 0.434

No. of international members on board and impact factor’s quartile 0.081 0.756

Percentage of international members on board and impact factor’s quartile 0.094 0.718

No. of foreign countries on board and impact factor 0.123 0.639

No. of foreign countries on board and impact factor’s quartile 0.273 0.290


No. of international members on board and impact factor 0.143 0.583

Percentage of international members on board and impact factor 0.132 0.613

No. of international members on board and impact factor’s quartile 0.356 0.160

Percentage of international members on board and impact factor’s quartile 0.302 0.239

No. of foreign countries on board and impact factor 0.094 0.719

No. of foreign countries on board and impact factor’s quartile 0.355 0.162


123

journals increased steadily over the three 5-year periods; conversely, papers authored

solely by Koreans and internationally collaborative papers by Korean-foreign co-authors

decreased between the three periods.

Table 11 shows the results of correlating between the two measures of foreign authorship

and the two citation measures (impact factors and their quartiles) for the two 5-year periods,

2000 and 2005. There is no correlation between the average number and percentage of

foreign-authored papers per journal and the average impact factor and quartile per journal for

the year 2000, as measured by the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Of the four correlations,

the two correlations between the average number (r = -0.21, p [ 0.413) and percentage of

foreign-authored papers (r = -0.26, p [ 0.322) and the average impact factor per journal

are a quite weak negative for the year 2005, although not statistically significant at p \ 0.05. It

is noteworthy that the correlations between the average number and percentage of foreign-

authored papers per journal and the average impact factor per journal are actually negative for

the entirety of the two 5-year periods, although not statistically significant.

Conclusion

In contrast to most other Korean journals, the Korean science journals covered by the SCI

and SCI-E have certain characteristics of international journals—such as being published

Table 10 Relationship between the three 5-year periods and authorship type

Journal title Chi-square dfa P-value

Arch Pharm Res 3.594 6 0.731

Asian Austral J Anim 7.629 4b 0.106

B Korean Chem Soc 44.951 6 0.000***

ETRI J 20.487 6 0.002***

Exp Mol Med 2.184 4b 0.702

J Ind Eng Chem 13.553 6 0.035*

J Korean Phys Soc 43.946 6 0.000***

J Mech Sci Technol 22.824 6 0.001***

J Microbiol 32.583 6 0.000***

J Microbiol Biotechn 8.228 6 0.222

Korean J Chem Eng 18.724 6 0.005**

Korean J Genetic 14.283 6 0.027*

Macromolecular Res 12.424 6 0.053

Met Mater-Int 4.016 6 0.675

Polymer-Korea 0.895 2c 0.639

Struct Eng Mech 12.378 6 0.054

Yonsei Med J 4.131 6 0.659

a In the chi-squared test, the degrees of freedom (df) depend on the number of rows r and the number ofcolumns c, through df = (r - 1)(c - 1)b Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science remained constant at 0% Korean-foreign co-authorship,while Experimental and Molecular Medicine remained at 0% foreign-Korean co-authorship throughout thethree 5-year periods. Thus, df = (4 - 1)(3 - 1) = 4c In case of Polymer-Korea, the percentages of foreign/Korean co-authored and solely foreign authoredpapers remained at 0% over the three 5-year periods. Thus, df = (2 - 1)(3 - 1) = 2

520 M.-J. Kim

123

in English, attracting authors from other countries, and having an international editorial

board. Thus, this study investigated the international visibility of Korean SCI journals

through JCR citation measures.

The findings demonstrate that the number and percentage of international editorial

members, as well as the number of foreign countries on respective editorial board in

Korean journals, increased over the three 5-year periods—although the increase in the

international editorial board composition was not statistically significant between the three

5-year periods. Among the 17 journals, only eight (47.1%) have a statistically significant

difference in authorship type of papers by period. In case of Polymer-Korea, however, the

percentage of foreign-authored papers remained constant at 0% throughout the three 5-year

periods. In a quantitative analysis of the authorship of papers, nevertheless, there has been

a steady and constant shift from mostly Korean (including Korean-foreign co-authored) to

foreign-authored papers over the three 5-year periods.

Of the two citation measures (impact factor and its quartile) by the JCR, the t test results

showed the growth in the average impact factor (IF) per journal between two of the 5-year

periods, 2000 and 2005. There has been to a certain degree growth in the visibility and

performance of Korean SCI journals in terms of impact factors, although the increase in

international members on editorial boards was not statistically significant and eight of 17

journals have a statistically significant difference in authorship between the three 5-year

periods. However, there was not a statistical significance in the average quartile of impact

factor per journal between the two 5-year periods, 2000 and 2005. This may imply that the

impact factors of 17 Korean science journals increased considerably from 2000 to 2005,

but that their impact factors did not yet reach the high levels of impact factors normally

attained by the prestigious international journals in the same discipline by the JCR. In order

to be more visible and influential to world science, Korean SCI journals will strive to meet

the higher standards normally maintained by international journals in mainstream science.

Table 11 Correlation between the foreign authorship and citation measures

Mean SD Pearsoncorrelation

Significancelevel


Average no. of foreign-authored papers per journal 24.82 49.027

Average percentage of foreign-authored papers per journal 17.46 26.728

No. of foreign-authored papers and impact factor -0.064 0.808

No. of foreign-authored papers and impact factor’s quartile 0.139 0.596

Percentage of foreign-authored papers and impact factor -0.126 0.631

Percentage of foreign-authored papers and impact factor’squartile

0.126 0.629


Average no. of foreign-authored papers per journal 42.12 52.988

Average percentage of foreign-authored papers per journal 23.25 24.175

No. of foreign-authored papers and impact factor -0.212 0.413

No. of foreign-authored papers and impact factor’s quartile 0.151 0.562

Percentage of foreign-authored papers and impact factor -0.256 0.322

Percentage of foreign-authored papers and impact factor’squartile

0.106 0.684


123

Acknowledgment This study was supported by a research fund from Jeonju University, Korea (2009–2010).

References

He, S., & Spink, A. (2002). A comparison of foreign authorship distribution in JASIST and the Journal ofDocumentation. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 53(11),953–959.

Kim, M. J. (2001). A bibliometric analysis of physics publications in Korea, 1994–1998. Scientometrics,50(3), 503–521.

Kim, M. J. (2005). Korean science and international collaboration, 1995–2000. Scientometrics, 63(2), 321–339.

Kim, M. J. (2007). A bibliometric analysis of the effectiveness of Korea’s Biotechnology Stimulation Plans,with a comparison with four other Asian nations. Scientometrics, 72(3), 371–388.

Korea Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning. (2007). Analysis of science and tech-nology research performance indicator. Seoul, Korea: KISTEP.

Ministry of Education, Science & Technology of Korea. (2007). Report on the survey of research anddevelopment in science and technology. Seoul, Korea: MOEST.

Nisonger, T. E. (2002). The relationship between international editorial board composition and citationsmeasures in political science, business, and genetics journals. Scientometrics, 54(2), 257–268.

Park, H. W., & Leydesdorff, L. (2008). Korean journals in the Science Citation Index: What do they revealabout the intellectual structure of S&T in Korea? Scientometrics, 75(3), 439–462.

Pouris, A. (2005). An assessment of the impact and visibility of South African journals. Scientometrics,63(2), 213–222.

Ren, S., & Rousseau, R. (2002). International visibility of Chinese scientific journals. Scientometrics, 53(3),389–405.

Ugolini, D., & Casilli, C. (2003). The visibility of Italian journals. Scientometrics, 56(3), 345–355.Uzun, A. (2004). Assessing internationality of scholarly journals through foreign authorship patterns: The

case of major journals in information science, and scientometrics. Scientometrics, 61(3), 457–465.Zitt, M., & Bassecoulard, E. (1998). Internationalization of scientific journals: A measurement based on

publication and citation scope. Scientometrics, 41(1), 255–271.

522 M.-J. Kim

123

Documents

Visibility of Korean science journals: an analysis between citation measures among international composition of editorial board and foreign authorship