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Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka (37- Special Issue) December 2009
Abstract: The viability refers to the ability of a species to persist for many generations or a community / ecological system to
therefore the viability of the natural vegetation is critical for
Protected Area Gap Analysis in Sri Lanka
viz habitat condition, area, wilderness, shape isolation
these criteria is factoring in the large-scale changes brought
viz Very Good, Good, Fair Poor
Key words:tatus
INTRODUCTION
3-6 Accurately
7
main steps:
Viability status of biosphere reserves in Sri Lanka
A. H. Magdon jayasuriya1, Darrell J. Kitchener2, Chandrasekhar M. Biradar 3
Senior Consultant & Advisor, EML Consultants (Pvt) Ltd, 68, Davidson Road, Colombo 04.
Regional Coordinator, Orangutan Conservation Project, Sumatra, Indonesia.
Research Faculty, Center for Spatial Analysis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka 2009 37 Special Issue :
8
Review of Biosphere Reserves in Sri Lanka
Biosphere Reserves
coastal ecosystems promoting solutions to reconcile the
serve in some ways as ‘living laboratories’ for testing out
10 was initially
core zone buffer zone
transition zone of sustainable development
compromising the ability of future generations to meet
sustainablelivelihood
sustainable development of a region as part
Figure 1
9
Main vegetationPA category status
1
Polonnaruwa
National
2 Kurunegala 213 National
3 International
4 Matara National
5 Kurunegala 400 National
6 4838 National
7 Kalutara 362 National
8Polonnarauwa
International
9 Kanneliya-
yagala Matara
International
10 Kurunegala 1047 National
11
Matara
678 National
12 4580 National
13 Kombala-Kottawa National
14 National
International15 Kegalle 9 National
16 Mulatiyana Matara 3148 National
17 51 National
18
Ambalam
Puttalam 245 National
19 Nilgala Monaragala National
20 Ampara National
21 Nuwaragala Ampara National
22 Ohiya National
23 Matara 486 National
24 Pattipola/ Ambewela 1480 National
25 National
26 713 National
27 International
28 104 National
29 Monaragala 1343 National
Table 1:
11
DMEF = Dry Mixed Evergreen Forest; LWEF = Lowland Wet Evergreen Forest; MANG = Mangrove Forest; MEEF = Mid-elevational Evergreen Forest; MMEF = Moist Mixed Evergreen Forest; MOEF = Montane Evergreen Forest; SAND = Sand Dune; SAVG = Savanna Grassland; SPOF = Sparse and Open Forest
10
for sustainable management of natural resources still
are responsible for the contribution of their respective
Biosphere Reserves in Sri Lanka
11
nevertheless are very important for the conservation of
7 The areas of some
11
12 there
Role of the MAB National Committee
13
programme so far have been promoting conservation of
Determination of Habitat Health of Natural forests of Sri Lanka Using Multi-temporal Remote Sensing Data and GIS
INTRODUCTION
11
vegetation health status14
15
bushy vegetation16
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
Multi-spectral, Multi-resolution and Multi-temporal data
Table 2:
centerPotential application
nm3 nm3
3 459-479 470
4 545-565 555
1 620-670 648 Transformation vegetation chlorophyll
2 841-876 858
5 1230-1250 1240
6 1628-1652 1640
7 2105-2155 2130
18
12
Figure 2
Table 3
resolution resolution resolutionrange
centers
30m 7 8-bit
--
scattering or absorption17
Preparation of Mega Datasets
e
19
satisfactory results for smaller vegetation patches even
13
Maximum Value Composites (MVC)
IterativeSelf-Organizing Data Analysis Technique
Signature Assessment
Figure 3
14
NDVI Based Viability Index
forest class19
f
n
1 1 t 2 2 t n nt=1
overlaying into a single thematic layer consisting of all
from 250 m to 500 m that measures vegetation cover
Determination of Viability of Sites in the Context
Figure 4
15
of Size, Condition, and Landscape
xistence of the organisms in a given
species to persist for many generations or a community/
to either the viability of a population or the viability of
extant20
Selection of Indices of Viability for Target Areas
as well as movement to allow mobile species to obtain
In this exercis
Ecological Communities/Systems – Indices of Viability
Three primary factors govern the viability of a
challenges in the application of these criteria is factoring
Figure 5
16
Figure 6:
17
in the large-scale change brought about to those
20
Condition Index (=Condition Inside, Habitat Health, Habitat Condition, Vegetation Index, Vegetation Health)
of biological legacies:
Anthropogenic impacts mainly consist of
species composition for any of a variety of reasons will
by spatial patterns of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).
Area Index (=Size)
Wilderness Index (=External Condition, Outside Disturbance Index)
12
23
of24
18
12
follows:
Shape Index
such as small mammal migration25
26
strategies27
27 The proportion of a forest patch that
A la
30
31-38
Isolation Index (=Isolation or Nearest-Neighbour Distance)
Table 4
e
19
have
40
theory41
44
a pre-eminent role in recent conservation efforts for
the gap analysis process7
Figure 7
Target Site(TS)
Actual rankvalue X
Loading value5
RankvalueX
Loading value 4
RankvalueX
Loading value 3
RankvalueX
Loading value 2
RankvalueX
Loading value 1
Viability index (sun of loaded rank value) = A + B + C + D + E
A B C D E
Indicators of target site visibility for conservation of biological diversity
Shape IsolationHabitat condition outside T S =
Wilderness Index in T S Buffer zone
Habitat Condition Inside TS
- from NDVIS
Area
20
Table 5:
Viability criterion
5
4
3
2
1
Ranking of Focal Conservation Targets for Viability
The viability of a focal conservation site is the
20
follows:
very good
good.
fair.
Poor.
viability factors
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
the base map in the gap analysis7
four viability categories for each biosphere site were
very goodgood moderate
poor in their viability
DISCUSSION
21
Figure 11. Figure 8. Viability status of the Sinharaja International Biosphere
Reserve
Figure 9
Figure 10
22T
able
6
Tota
l are
aPo
or
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9K
anne
liya
10 11 12 13K
omba
la-K
otta
wa
14 15 16M
ulat
iyan
a
17 18 19N
ilgal
a
20 21N
uwar
agal
a
22O
hiya
23 24Pa
ttipo
la-A
m-
baw
ela
25 26 27 28 29
Tota
l
23
a strategy to manage such mosaics while promoting the
he management of the biosphere
Acknowledgement
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