Verb Phrases

Bridget Green

Verb PhrasesVerb Phrases

Past Present FuturePast Present Future

First, meet Mie…First, meet Mie…

This is Mie:This is Mie:I’m from Amagasaki.

I live in the U.S. now.

I came to the U.S. last month.

I LOVE TO STUDY!

Time Simple Progressive

Perfect Perfect + Progressive

Mie studies every day.

Mie is studying now.

Mie has studied English for six years.

Mie has been studying for 2 hours.

Mie studied last night.

Mie was studying when I arrived.

Mie had studied English in Japan before she arrived in the U.S.

Mie had been studying for 2 hours when I arrived.

Mie will study tomorrow.

Mie will be studying when I arrive.

Mie will have studied before I arrive.

Mie will have been studying for 2 hours before I arrive.

presen

tpast

future

Some things to remember:


Present simple doesn’t mean it’s happening now.

It is a daily habit or a

usual activity.

Present simple doesn’t mean it’s happening now.

It is a daily habit or a

usual activity.

Simple and Progressive




She doesn’t goof off!


She doesn’t goof off!XX XX X

‘Goof off’ is slang.

It means ‘waste time’ or ‘avoid doing work.’


s



If you want to say ‘it’s

happening now’, use the present

progressive. Progressive means ‘in progress.’ be + V-ing

If you want to say ‘it’s

happening now’, use the present

progressive. Progressive means ‘in progress.’ be + V-ing





She is not watching TV!She isn’t goofing off.


She is not watching TV!She isn’t goofing off.

XXstart now finish

?


X

What’s the difference?What’s the difference?

Mie is living in Spokane.

‘in progress at the time of speaking’

‘temporary’

Mie is living in Spokane.

‘in progress at the time of speaking’

‘temporary’

Bridget lives in Spokane.

‘a habit’‘permanent’

This ‘temporary’ period can be short or long.


PracticePractice

1. Sh! The baby _________. She

usually ________ for about 2

hours every afternoon. (sleep)

2. Look! The kids ___________

that tree. (climb)

3. The moon ____ around the earth. (go)

4. Hurry the bus _____________! I

__________ to miss it. (come/not

want)

1. Sh! The baby _________. She

usually ________ for about 2

hours every afternoon. (sleep)

2. Look! The kids ___________

that tree. (climb)

3. The moon ____ around the earth. (go)

4. Hurry the bus _____________! I

__________ to miss it. (come/not

want)

is sleeping

are climbing

is coming

don’t want

sleeps

goes

Some verbs usually can’t be progressive…

Some verbs usually can’t be progressive…

Senseshear see

smell taste touch

Thoughts/mental statesknow

understand believe mean

remember

Existencebe

existseem appear

Possessionhave own

possessbelongcontain

Feelings/Emotionslove hate need appreciate like

want desire

Answers…Answers…

I am knowing your name. This car is belonging to me. I am having three children. This pasta is smelling so good!

He is seeming nice. I’m seeing you. I’m seeing the doctor at 10.

I am knowing your name. This car is belonging to me. I am having three children. This pasta is smelling so good!

He is seeming nice. I’m seeing you. I’m seeing the doctor at 10.

If the sentence is wrong, please correct it.

se

ss

‘see’ means ‘meet’ here, not a sense verb

Correct? Correct?



Past simple means it began and

ended at a specific time in

the past. Usually we know ‘when.’ V-ed (…but there are many irregular verbs.)

Past simple means it began and

ended at a specific time in

the past. Usually we know ‘when.’ V-ed (…but there are many irregular verbs.)


go- build- fall-know- come- stand-fly- feel- throw-

etc.

go- went build - built fall - fell

know - knew come - came stand - stoodfly - flew feel - felt throw - threw

etc.




She didn’t goof off!


She didn’t goof off!

X


…when…

ed



Mie lived in Hawaii when she was young.

She didn’t live in Japan then.

Mie lived in Hawaii when she was young.

She didn’t live in Japan then.


…when…

X XXX

d



Past progressive is used to show

‘interrupted past.’ Progressive means ‘in progress.’ was/were + V-ing

Past progressive is used to show

‘interrupted past.’ Progressive means ‘in progress.’ was/were + V-ing




Mie was studying when I arrived.Mie was studying when I arrived.

XX

was studying

I arrived

Simple and ProgressiveWhen I arrived, Mie was studying.


When I was talking, Mie was talking notes.

When I was talking, Mie was talking notes.

Progressive and Progressive

XX

I was talking

Mie was taking notes

PracticePractice

1. The baby __________ when the phone _______.

2. She usually _______ for about 2 hours every

afternoon, but not today! (sleep, ring, sleep)

3. Bridget _________ in Japan when she ______

James. He __________ Japanese and __________

English and __________ in a band when she

________ him in Japan. When she ______ him,

she _________ a teacher at GEOS! (live, meet,

study, teach, play, meet, meet, be)

4. What _____________ at 9:00 last night?

(you/do)

1. The baby __________ when the phone _______.

2. She usually _______ for about 2 hours every

afternoon, but not today! (sleep, ring, sleep)

3. Bridget _________ in Japan when she ______

James. He __________ Japanese and __________

English and __________ in a band when she

________ him in Japan. When she ______ him,

she _________ a teacher at GEOS! (live, meet,

study, teach, play, meet, meet, be)

4. What _____________ at 9:00 last night?

(you/do)

was sleeping rang

sleeps

was living met

was studying teachingplaying met

met was

were you doing



Present perfect describes an action

that began in the past but affects

the present. …or happened sometime in the past,

but we don’t know when. have/has + past participle

Present perfect describes an action

that began in the past but affects

the present. …or happened sometime in the past,

but we don’t know when. have/has + past participle

Perfect Tenses



Mie has already eaten.Mie has already eaten.

Perfect Tenses

X…so she doesn’t need

to eat NOW.Finished in the past

but affects the present…

We often useyet, already, and just

with the perfect simple.



Mie has traveled a lot.Mie has traveled a lot.

Perfect Tenses

XXfinish?

This means‘in her life’.

We use present perfectto talk about

life experience.


Mie has traveled a lot.

Mie has traveled a lot.

Simple v. Perfect

XXfinish?

Mie traveled to Hawaii last year.

Mie traveled to Hawaii last year.

X


Mr. Jones has lived here all his life.

Mr. Jones has lived here all his life.

Simple v. Perfect

XXfinish?

Mr. Jones lived here all his life.Mr. Jones lived here all his life.

X

PracticePractice

1. I _______ my homework every night between 7

and 9. Now it’s 8:00, so I _____________

my homework yet. (do/finish)

2. Ayaka and Mai _________ their homework two

hours ago! (finish)

3. Isabelle ______ to travel. She

______________ to more than 20 countries. (love/travel)

4. James and I _______________ for twenty

years. We ______________ in 1990. (be married/get

married)

do

haven’t finished

finished

loves has traveled

have been married

got married



Present perfect progressive describes

an action in the recent past that has

finished and you can see a result. …or one that hasn’t finished yet. have/has + been + past participle

Present perfect progressive describes

an action in the recent past that has

finished and you can see a result. …or one that hasn’t finished yet. have/has + been + past participle

Perfect Progressive



Mie has been shopping.Mie has been shopping.

Perfect Tenses

This is a recentlyfinished action.

XX

Now she hasfinished shopping,but we see the

results!



Mie has been studying English since 2001.

Mie has been studying English since 2001.

Perfect Tenses

…began in the past and continues to the present…

‘since’ tells uswhen the action

began.

It hasn’tfinished yet.

XXNot finished



Mie has been studying English for six years.

Mie has been studying English for six years.

Perfect Tenses

…began in the past

and continues tothe present…

‘for’ tells us‘how long.’

XXNot finished

Be careful….Be careful….

Notice that some verbs don’t make sense if you use the progessive:


Simple and ProgressiveI have been crashing my car.I have been crashing my car.

Be careful….Be careful….



Simple and ProgressiveI have been cutting myself.I have been cutting myself.

PracticePractice

1. We’re all wet! It

_____________ for two hours!

2. Yuko ___________ homework all

day! She ________ ten

assignments. Wow! She needs

a break!3. Your friend comes in. Her hands and face are

dirty. Ask a question: what/you/do?

4. How long ___________________

English? When ______________?

1. We’re all wet! It

_____________ for two hours!

2. Yuko ___________ homework all

day! She ________ ten

assignments. Wow! She needs

a break!3. Your friend comes in. Her hands and face are

dirty. Ask a question: what/you/do?

4. How long ___________________

English? When ______________?

has been raining

has been doing

has done

What have you been doing?

have you been studying

did you start



There are five ways to talk about the future.There are five ways to talk about the future.

Future

1. will

2. (be) going to + V

3. present simple

4. present progressive

5. (be) about to +V

1. I’ll see you tomorrow.

2. She’s going to be a doctor.

3. The plane leaves at 6:15.

4. I’m meeting him at four.

5. I’m just about to finish.

X



FutureWill I’ll see you tomorrow. I won’t tell anyone.

We use will when we decide to do something at the moment of speaking.

(the phone is ringing) “I’ll get it!”

Also forOffering: “That bag looks heavy. I’ll help you with it.” Promising: “I’ll never tell anyone how old you really are.”Requesting: “Will you please be quiet?”Predicting: “Don’t worry. You’ll pass your exam.”

Volunteering!decide now!



Future I’m going to do my homework at 10:00.

I’m not going to goof off.

We use (be) going to + V when we decided before speaking.(I have hair dye.) “I’m going to dye my hair pink.”

Also forPredicting: “Don’t worry. You’re going to pass your exam.”

Planning!Decide before

(be) going to + V


A.“Which shirt do you want?”

B.“I’ll take the pink one.”

A.“Which shirt do you want?”

B.“I’ll take the pink one.”

Will and Going toA.“Why are you going downtown?”

B.“I’m going to go downtown to buy that pink shirt.”

A.“Why are you going downtown?”

B.“I’m going to go downtown to buy that pink shirt.”

Decide now! Decided before!

PracticePractice1. A: “Are you leaving?”

B: “Yes, I ___________ for a walk with

Tomoko.”

A: “Oh, I ________ with you!”

2. A: (Knock knock…) “Someone ___________ at

the door.”

B: “I _____ it!”

3. A: “Dad, can you help me? My bike has a

flat tire.”

B: “Sure, I _______ you after dinner.”

(later)

A: “Dad ____________ my tire yet?”

B: “No, I ____________ it after dinner.”

1. A: “Are you leaving?”

B: “Yes, I ___________ for a walk with

Tomoko.”

A: “Oh, I ________ with you!”

2. A: (Knock knock…) “Someone ___________ at

the door.”

B: “I _____ it!”

3. A: “Dad, can you help me? My bike has a

flat tire.”

B: “Sure, I _______ you after dinner.”

(later)

A: “Dad ____________ my tire yet?”

B: “No, I ____________ it after dinner.”

‘ll get ‘ll get

‘m going to go

’ll come

is knocking

‘ll help

have you fixed

’m going to fix



Future time clauses in the present

The simple present is used in

future time clauses.

Before I go downtown, I’m going to do my homework.

Xgo

downtown

Xdo my

homework


future time clauses!

Before I will go downtown, I’m going to do my homework.

Draw timelines for these future sentences.

Draw timelines for these future sentences.

Future time clauses in the present


these future time

clauses.

1. I’m going to go downtown after I do my homework.

2. When I see her, I’ll tell her.

3. I’ll go jogging as soon as the rain stops.

4. I’ll stay home if it rains tomorrow.

X XXX X?

5. The concert ________ before I ________.

6. I _______ you as soon as I _______ to the

airport.

7. Ron: When you ____ Kathy, ____________ her

a big hug?

Anita: I ____! And after I _____ her, I

_________ her to call you.

5. The concert ________ before I ________.

6. I _______ you as soon as I _______ to the

airport.

7. Ron: When you ____ Kathy, ____________ her

a big hug?

Anita: I ____! And after I _____ her, I

_________ her to call you.

Future time clauses

will start arrive

will call get

see will you give

will hugwill tell



1 Grammar cards… Present Past Future

Present Past Future

Simple+ Progressive

Perfect

‘time lines’Don’t forget to check your homework in the library every week.

Finished!Finished!

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Verb Phrases