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Using Video Production As a Communications Tool Production: Making Good Images, Capturing Good Sound, and Asking Good Questions

Using Video Production As a Communications Tool

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Using Video Production As a Communications Tool. Production: Making Good Images, Capturing Good Sound, and Asking Good Questions. Review. It is assumed that you: A re doing a basic documentary video for research, informational, or persuasive reasons Have a script and a production plan - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Using Video Production As a Communications

Tool

Production: Making Good Images, Capturing Good Sound, and Asking Good Questions

Page 2: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Review

It is assumed that you:• Are doing a basic documentary video for

research, informational, or persuasive reasons

• Have a script and a production plan• Will be shooting interviews, recording audio

for VO, and will be shooting supporting b-roll.

Page 3: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Shot Structure

What is shot structure? What does it mean?• It is the “dance of the camera” that takes

the viewer’s eye and moves it where the director wants it.

• It has a “grammar” that related to the composition of the shot(s).

Page 4: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

LS

• Establishes location• Shows a subject completely, from top to bottom• Gives clues about the environment

Page 5: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

MS

• Focuses on a specific character• Shows detail• Is framed above or below a joint point• One of the most common shots

Page 6: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

CU

• Shows detail • Shows emotion• Is personal• In classic Hollywood shooting and editing style,

this shot is the last one in the dance

Page 7: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

ECU

• Shows detail or emotion very well• Is rather uncomfortable for the viewer if held for

too long… why?• Deep inside personal space

Page 8: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Composing pleasing images

• Headroom, noseroom, leadroom• Mergers• Rule of thirds• Camera angle

Page 9: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Headroom

Page 10: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Noseroom

Page 11: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Image Planes<Background

<Middle ground

<Foreground

Pay attention to each!!

Page 12: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Directional Merger

What’s strange about this photo?

Page 13: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Color or brightness merger

Page 14: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Rule of Thirds

• It is common to line the body up with a vertical line, and having the person's eyes in line with a horizontal one. If filming a moving subject, the same pattern is often followed, with the majority of the extra room being in front of the person (the way they are moving).

Page 15: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

CAMERA ANGLE

Page 16: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

CAMERA ANGLE- Eye level

Natural look.

Page 17: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

CAMERA ANGLE- Canted (Dutch) Angle

Strange. Makes the scene feel off, odd, bizarre.

Page 18: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

CAMERA ANGLE- High

How does this shot make you feel about the subject?

Page 19: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

CAMERA ANGLE- Low

How does this angle make you feel about the subject?

Page 20: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

BOTTOM LINE• Pay attention to foreground, middle, and background• Pay attention to noseroom and headroom• What does the camera angle say about your subject?

What does the way you have framed the subject tell the story?

• Put the camera on a tripod.• Push record and step away. Don’t “hose” the scene. If

you are going to shoot, shoot at least 30 seconds. • Get what you need. Plan your shots. Shoot more than

one take where you can.

Page 21: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Camera

• Don’t be afraid. You just need to check a FEW things.

Page 22: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

FEW• Focus• Exposure• White Balance

ALWAYS!

Page 23: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Focus

• Zoom the camera all the way in• Focus the camera• Zoom out• Never, ever, never use autofocus.

Page 24: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Exposure

What controls the exposure?• IRIS• Also controls depth of field (DOF). • F-stops• Camera’s aperture

Page 25: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Exposure

F-stops

Page 26: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Iris• The lower the f-stop, the greater the amount

of light that makes it though the lens, the higher the f-stop, the lower the amount of light that gets to the lens.

• Going to a higher f-stop (darker) is called stopping down

• Going to a lower f-stop (brighter) is called stopping up

Page 27: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Iris• Each time you stop up (say from f-2 to f-1.4)

you are letting in twice the amount of light.• Each time you stop down (say from f-4 to f-

5.6) you are letting in half the amount of light.

Page 28: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Exposure

• Overexposed

Page 29: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Exposure

• Underexposed

Page 30: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Exposure

• Properly exposed

Page 31: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

White Balance• White light is actually made of many different

colors.• Outdoor light is primarily bluish• Incandescent light (from regular light bulbs) is

orange• Your eye, one of the most advanced optical

devices on the planet, has the ability to autocorrect the light’s color temperature. The camera does not. So you have to constantly tell it what is white.

Page 32: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

White Balance

• Blue (cold)

Page 33: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

White Balance

• Warmer balance

Page 34: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

White Balance

• Balanced

Page 35: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

AUDIO• Get the mic as close as you can to their face. Ideally 4”

from the face (thanks to Tori Meyer, AA&T for that) . • Wear headphones and monitor the audio at all times• Limit noise- turn off phones, fans, AC’s close doors, etc. • Get ROOM TONE• Don’t let the audio clip

Page 36: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

Where do I get cameras and lights and such?

• The Media Center• 24 hour checkouts• University loan video and still cameras for

EVERYONE• Need a current student ID card• Media Cards with more specific equipment

are possible with a conversation.

Page 37: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

MORE INFORMATION• Lynda.com• Creative Cow• Equipment manuals on the Media Center website: http://www2.webster.edu/acadaffairs/asp/mediacenter/media_index.html

• Me: Aaron AuBuchon- [email protected]• Block, Bruce A. The Visual Story: Creating the Visual

Structure of Film, TV and Digital Media. Amsterdam: Focal/Elsevier, 2008. Print.

• Class- Introduction to Video Production: VIDE 1000

Page 38: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

INTERVIEWING• Plan questions to provide responses covering specific areas in the script• Tell the interviewee exactly what to expect. Remember to tell them

where to look before you start.• Explain the model (and location, if applicable) release and get them to

sign it.• Make some small talk and get the person to feel loose around you.

Introduce the crew as well.• Before you ask questions, ask them to look into the camera, say their

name and spell it, and give you permission to videotape them. Get room tone.

• YOU provide the direction of the interview.• Don’t “Step on” the interviewee.

Page 39: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

INTERVIEWING• Never think about the next question; listen! Nod at appropriate times,

laugh when something’s funny. But not out loud.• MAINTAIN EYE CONTACT!!!!!!!!!!!• Editing out interviewer’s voice. You may not want the interviewer to be

audible during the actual program, and will have to remind interviewees to rephrase questions in their answers.

• Start with factual stuff, and move into the emotional stuff as they get less wooden.

• Remember, this is an editable medium. You have more than one take. If they stumble, ask them to repeat the answer.

• Check with the camera person and audio person often to see if everything’s okay. They may have some insight on what’s going on.

• The interview is the crux of the story, it’s how the plot is carried or the message delivered. Listen well, and make sure you don’t leave without what you need.

Page 40: Using Video Production  As a Communications Tool

QUESTIONS?