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Using the Knowledge Pyramid to Characterize Systems. James N Martin Systems Engineering Conference SEDC 2012 at GMU Washington, DC 16 May 2012. System. Signals. Data. 0100110110011…. System. Data. Information. System. Information. Knowledge. Different Classes of Systems. System. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Using the Knowledge Pyramid to Characterize Systems
Using the Knowledge Pyramid to Characterize Systems
James N MartinSystems Engineering Conference
SEDC 2012 at GMU
Washington, DC
16 May 2012
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Different Classes of SystemsDifferent Classes of Systems
System
SystemData
SystemInformation Knowledge
Information
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Series1
Series2
Data
0100110110011…
Signals
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……and the Inverseand the Inverse
System
SystemData
SystemInformation Knowledge
Information
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Series1
Series2
Data
0100110110011…
Signals
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Data
Information
Knowledge0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Series1
Series2
01001101011…
The System
Signals
A Compound SystemA Compound System
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What Does This Mean?
• We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.
DATA
INFORMATION
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Sources of Knowledge
Observation Simulation Deduction
Perception Learning Reasoning
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So, What is Knowledge ??
• What a person believes based on
– Perception
– Learning
– Reasoning
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Roles of Engineering & Architecting
Architecting
Engineering
Observation Simulation Deduction
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Signals
Data …1001010011…
Information Meanings & Messages
Knowledge Beliefs & Convictions
Wisdom Ideals & Insights
The Knowledge Pyramid
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Signals
Data …1001010011…
Information Meanings & Messages
Knowledge Beliefs & Convictions
Wisdom Ideals & Insights
Aggregation from Bottom to Top
Physical Environment
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Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
Data
Signals
Physical Environment
Detecting
Converting
Extracting
Relating
Discerning
Transformation Actions
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Example from the NASA Earth Science Program
Signals Data Information Knowledge
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How Do These Layers Map to People, Modeling & Tools?
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From Printed Images to Human Insights
Signals
Data
Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
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From Machine to MindFrom Machine to Mind
Signals
Data
Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
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The Special Role of Systems Engineers
Signals
Data
Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
Design Engineers
Systems Engineers
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Requires Different Types of Modeling
Signals
Data
Information
Knowledge
Wisdom
Signal Modeling
Data Modeling
Information Modeling
Knowledge Modeling
????
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Different Models Need Different Tools
Signals
Data
Information
Knowledge
Wisdom Metis (Knowledge Modeling)
Popkin System Architect
Rational Rose
Opnet (Comm Modeling)
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An Example of an Architecture Mapped to the Layers of the Pyramid
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The “Kill Chain”
CollectionProcessing & Assessment
Battle Management
Combat Direction
Execution
Wisdom
Knowledge
Information
Data
Signals
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From Sensor to Shooter
CollectionProcessing & Assessment
Battle Management
Combat Direction
Execution
Wisdom
Knowledge
Information
Data
Signals
CollectionProcessing & Assessment
Battle Management
Combat Direction
Execution
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Signals
Data …1001010011…
Information Meanings & Messages
Knowledge Beliefs & Convictions
Wisdom Ideals & Insights
The Knowledge Pyramid
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Knowledge-Creating SystemsKnowledge-Creating Systems
SystemSystem
DataSignals Information
Knowledge
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Sources of Knowledge
Observation Simulation Deduction
Perception Learning Reasoning
