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USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCE β β β β β Y= β 0 + β 1 x 1 + β 2 x 2 + β 3 x 3 + β n x n …… Brian Kertson Wildlife Science Group SFR/WACFWRU

USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

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Page 1: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCE

β β β β βY = β0 + β1x1+ β2x2 + β3x3 + βnxn ……

Brian KertsonWildlife Science GroupSFR/WACFWRU

Page 2: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

COUGARS IN A RAPIDLY URBANIZING WORLDURBANIZING WORLD

Page 3: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

COUGAR STUDY CHALLENGES

• Far‐ranging :• Far‐ranging :

‐M: 505 km2

‐F: 168 km2

• Movements:• Movements:‐M: 4.17 km/day

‐F: 2.82 km/day

Page 4: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

STUDYING COUGAR

• Often requires capture

• Outfit with GPS radio llcollars

‐2 – 4 hr fix location inter alsintervals

‐Lots of spatial data

V‐Very accurate

Page 5: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

WHY USE GIS?WHY USE GIS?

• Straight‐forward integration of spatial‐Straight forward integration of spatialtemporal data sets over large geographic areasareas

• Spatial analyses and queries not available in other software packagesother software packages

• Preparation of data files for statistical l i i h R SPSS M l banalysis with R, SPSS, Matlab, etc.

• Making pretty and impressive maps

Page 6: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
Page 7: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
Page 8: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

USES OF GIS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEUSES OF GIS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCE

• Home range size and overlapHome range size and overlap

• Movement analyses

Q if i h bi• Quantifying habitat

‐Loss and conversion

• Wildlife‐landscape relationships

• Landscape planning and conservationLandscape planning and conservation

Page 9: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
Page 10: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

GIS WILDLIFE EXTENTSIONSGIS WILDLIFE EXTENTSIONS

• Hawth’s ToolsHawth s Tools

• Home Range Tools (HRT)

C id i• Corridor Design

• Geospatial Modeling Environment (GME)

• Fragstats

• Many othersMany others

Page 11: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

GIS IMAGERY APPLICATIONS 

• Powerful tool for conveying complex ideas in a simple wayp y

• Critical for explaining spatial data

• A multitude of available options for analysis• A multitude of available options for analysis and display

Page 12: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
Page 13: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
Page 14: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
Page 15: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
Page 16: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife
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RESOURCE UTILIZATION FUNCTIONS

99% Utilization DistributionAnimal relocations

99% Utilization Distribution(Use values) Sampling grid

Use and habitat covariates

Ruf.fit

Page 18: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

UD ESTIMATION

• Fixed kernel 

• Min. of 30 relocations 

‐Preferably n ≥ 50

• Resolution (grid size):(g )

‐25 or 30 m common

• Bandwidth smoothing (h)Bandwidth smoothing (h)

‐Most critical component

Page 19: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

F136 F327

M324M323M323

Page 20: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

LANDSCAPE LAYERSLANDSCAPE LAYERS

Distance to Water

Page 21: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

WILDLIFE‐LANDSCAPE RELATIONSHIPSWILDLIFE LANDSCAPE RELATIONSHIPS

Page 22: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

RESOURCE COMPARISONRESOURCE COMPARISON

Page 23: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

MAPPING PREDICTED OCCURRENCE

Page 24: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

GIS CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONSMANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS

• Identify key resources to manage and conserveIdentify key resources to manage and conserve

• Identify high quality habitats

l i i• Develop proactive management strategies

‐71.5% of confirmed interactions occurred in high and med‐high use habitats

‐Management hotspotsg p

• Direct applications, many formerly unavailable

Page 25: USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN WILDLIFE SCIENCEcourses.washington.edu/gis250/guests/bktertson.pdf · using geographic information systems in wildlife science y = ... wildlife

THE FUTURETHE FUTURE

• Increasing technological advancements increase g gdata quality and quantity

• Increasing use of GIS across disciplines‐Wildlife‐ForestryW t R‐Water Resources‐TransportationUrban Planning‐Urban Planning

• GIS knowledge and skills are extremely valuable and highly sought afterg y g