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8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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\ \ l
I
:i
i t
i: i
r.t
]: |
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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PPER IFfTER]WEDIATE
B
Bobbee-lllrglnhlrms
Fxpremhblishing
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
3/264
Publishedy Express
ublishing
Liberty ouse, ew
Greenham
ark,
ewbury,
Berkshire G 96HW
Tel.:
00214)'163s
i7 363
Fax:
0044)
635
17
463
e-mail:[email protected],uk
http: /www.expresspublishing.co.uk
S Bob
Obee
Viro
iaEvans
003
Design
nd l lustrat ion
Expressubl ishing,2003
Maden EU
All ights
eserved
o
part
of his
publication
ay e eproduced,
storcd
n
a retrievalystem.
r ra
smittednany crm,
r byany
means,
lectronic,
hotocopyingrotherwise,ithouthe
pr
or
wr ten
permission
l
the
publishers.
F
st
published
003
tsBN
84558-998-X
Acknowledgements
Authof ' Acknowledgments
Wewoud like o thank ll hestaffat Expres:ublishinghohave oftrlbutedheir kl s o producinghisbook
Thanks
re
due
n
parti.ular
o: Megan
aMon
Editor
Chief). tephaniernith rrdMichae adler
senior
ditors);
Andrew right
edltofial
ssistant),
rian 'Neil
senior
roduction
ontroller)nd
heExpressublishrngesignearn;
Wafehouse
recording
roducer)ndEmily ewton, evin
arris, an l Parker,rica
hompsonndTimothy orstef
for
thetrsuDoort nd Oatience
e wouldalso ike
o lhan[ those nst utions nd eachers
ho
Filoted
he
manuscriDt.ndwhoseommerts
nd
eedback
erenvaluable
the
production
fthe
book.
Theauthors nd
publishers
ish o thank
he following
who have
kindly
givenpermission
or
th use
of copyright
material,
Simpletuthbaut oryinpJr"y Dennis rager, Reader'sigesl;Goodu{k Chinesetyle" ySusan orn , o Reader's
D
gest,
Unit3:
Eusiness&oney",'LifesocobateLum",@
aureenree
;
Un 4: When
lomes0Con$eteTo',
@Clive
Fewiny'TesNewspaper5imted
04/02/1995, Times
ewspaperimited #02,11995;nrt5;
%p /r,tdgidI Pantomime
HistoryndTraditions',
NigelEllacott nd
Petel
Robbins; t1il6:
Reelgtuup
ppealsotwa$hip';lnco iteCableCor
l?nSporks
Anget
Goe
iur1i n*pockets";'Excess
aggageEthitolTourism"
y ArthurSmth;UnitB:
"fhe
ybercloii'i it 9: 1t4iflnniurn
SeedBankPrciect',WTlvlB;
nit
0i
'l
l0woyro ivpo
0',@Deborah
luttonj
elfAssessment
odule ; he6reen ome',
O Thesextractsre aken rom
Focus
agazine,he
UK-ba5ed
ciencenddiscovery
onthly
to
subscnbe
lease
all
44
(0)
1858 38822)j lf usessment
,4odLrle: 1ryrdvemen
slrcnonefi ',These f(radrs
re aken romFocus agazine,
theUK-basedcence
nddiscoveryonthty
to
subscribe
lease
all+44
0)
185843a822}:
P{ehttotk
dintinq',
opyriEht
@
1999-2003eyondooks@
servi(ef NewForum ublishers,
r.;5e Assessment
odule
: CIeatuIeJfthe anory',@
Thesettracts re
akenromFocus
agazine,heUK-based
crence
nddiscovry
onthly
to
subsffibe
lease
all 44
0i
1S5838822)
colourllustrationsrhris,
ton
Music
ompositions
Afiengementy
Ted Taz
Whileeveryeffort
ha5beenmade o traceall the copyright olders.
f any
havebeen
nadvertertly verlooked
he
Unit
1:
"Mlltilnguoi
ebsites
idenhewaytaonew nline o/d'by
ulianPerkin,
@ Financlalmes,
February
001;
'feryThe1fte'by
anM.Dougall,@
1998-2002;nit2:
Hrpp]i'byDofothyRowe,@The
observer,uw.observelto.uk;
publishers
ill be
pleasedo mak he
necessary
rrangements
t the firstopportunity.
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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UNIT 1
C ossing
arr
e15
UIUIT
fiVioods
Feeli
ngs
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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What oes
he itle
of
the
module
eano
you?
How o
ou
communicdte
ith
people?
How s
your
mood ffected y'everydayituations?
means
f
communtratlon
ways
o communtcate
gesrureS
nrQds& emotions
charactpr
ualities
physical
ensations
expressing
eelings
riakesuggestions
maKessumptnns.
compare
ndeontrast
expfess.pteference
exprgssxtreme
eelings
ask
abo t
feelings
afiicl5 detefmineE
too/enough
partitlves
countable/uncoLtntable
noun5
presea
s
mple/pres-ant
contlnuous
stative erbs
used
o/be/get
felrted o
.
(ommuntcati(]
.
fee ngs
informasemr-folma /
forrndletters
lronsdctionai
etters
useoo
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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{
)
Erltaln
The
Garlbboan
Hong ong
list
of fve hings
ou
have ad ifficulty
learningrcommunicatingnEnqlish.
themwith
your artner
nd omment
otherl
problems.
t1
frr
{n
i'
1
2
neqot t onsare
[,4any
ountries
usua
maKe
n0wn
n.
with
phrasalverbs.
adlctionaryl
gaod
t wauldo.
f
J
.
t -emedia
.
to., '
r
[
.
Lre nterre.
Which f he ollowingo
you
onsidero be
themost seful hile tudying
nglish?
ank
them,
hen ompa.e
our
ist o
your artner's.
.
diclionars
r
sonqs
trave
pen
tiendS
read g
magazineVbooks
rad
programnres
watchingilms
+
watching
henews
attendlngessons
'Every imea anguage
ies, l lCwoi ld
loses
a
piece
ol.,irs=bihty o
iur\,rvc.
5
ln
your
opinion, i l lEnglishemorewidely
spokenn the future?
Why
not)?
Can
ou
thinkof
anyaspectsf i fewhereEnglishsor
wil l be heonty anguage
sed?
Lead-in
Look t hemap.What o
you
hlnk he
highlightedegionsavencommon:ulture
religionlanguageother?
1
a- Listennd ill n he
missingords/phrases.
A lot of
1
arenEng h
5
con're
rom
he
to he opics
factors hich
ave
aroundheworld?
I
b. Make
with
n
Discuss
on eacn
A: l've
ot problem
B:
Why
on'tyouse
A: don't nov,that
Paraphrasehe
quotations
elow.
Which
nedo
you
agree ith?
Why?
' l f
we al l spoke
he
-same
anguage,here
would
be
ewer
onf l icLsndwarcl
SorthAsla
Singapore
Itt--- l
dro
qoverrme
I
3
Mostof he word'r best
USA r heUK.
The
USA xports
io thewhole odd.
Match
he enten(es
nEx. a
below.Can
ou
hinkof
other
encouragedheuse
f
English
conductedn
lotof money
Engsh
from Brit
sh
Making
uggestns Respondng Positively
Whydof
t
you
I
lwefeyou,
wou
0
.. .
) l .
Thatsagood ea
G
OK Whynotr
.
Whatabout ?
.
l th ink
you're qht
.
I
neverhought f
hat
.
You hou
,/ought
to/mrght ant o
.
lt 'sno
good.
th nk
dbout .
.
Have
or
thought
.
I
don' t now
..
about. . .?
. Imfotreaynto. .
.
I don'tknowwhat
good
t
wcuddo.
a.
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
7/264
I
a
Do
yo
evef.ueer l
o
\'vO
k
ptrrposes
Wh
u5el
sL.rrfhe frternet
or
Study/
{h
dngLqe o
you
end o
b. l -ock.r ti re ol lo, , ,v inqenten(es
nddec e
whe[her
oLl
hink heyare rre 0r
alseRead
i nd ah Lk
5it:r':;ik
' ',,
ral
I 'Jolvead
Lr
k
r
throuqll
araqlaphs
theattcle o thetk
your
rns\,vels
In
pairs,
okat
he i t le f
heartrc and
he
head
qs
n hebox
n
p.
9,and istusshat
you
hirrk
he extmight
eabout.
; ic; . '
'e
i : rEixrLr l
:
T
, 5al ,n.:- ,p_:r .1
" ' l ; ,1
i ] tO), J. j fr ,
r iJ
.{-r
cl ' , rai ] | l
r i . j t
iJ:
rF{t i i r f i l : , / ;e
, i : t t .ai :
7 1;
ai ,,,Gir
lir la5
a '
i r'lr irE
er Er:;i1 r+ :rrs'.
.t.:r.tg";y;f
J:
li(.
lr.i
r re
: ' ;d Lhc r i f : . ] ;d
i rr i , r i t
si r ' r t . t t
. . i i
, faai i r
l ] . ] | .r r ,r i r ' 1(i1a,a "r l , l i Ei la-rl lnt ' j l f t i l : ' r i . r ;L lo, lL
Rli i r i
- rc
,at ; i r
. f 'a i i l
r rai r i - i r . l ,
i r r l , , , , \ ' i a Dr l
rrr tlfrr
)i ,,. 'i.r i ai r-i: t l" n i;cl '
f ja
nllrn1)11
-lot-r
( . r .
- l
i,
i t -a
\ . r
i l
l t ._ : i ,, r , ( i
,
f1 , , , ' t
, - ,l - i a tr ; U.p ia
' i ( i lj l ] . rL i -rf i rn
n r i i r . -. .
i +i t l r
l : r i r ; i
; rpl
rr o{t lar
l ' ]
t ' . ,3' i
"
l r [ r] r. r)
( l le
ii ' . la r' i l
i " , l , l
r t l l l -o' ;
l - l i i i r
bi :
; . i r l
. ' , i i r t i l r
, :
l. i
. r i ] r . ' i r
'
hLr' .
l r t t+t i rrr
-" '
rl r
-r. -
r detr
-
r l ihf
|] ]ni i l r i r( l
l rr r lng' |t ipi . .
'riri ih
r
nl ier;
i r | l rrr i r i l r i r :ol t t io, ' l ra
n[r ' . , t ' :e
l ' r , " ,n ; t i i iaf i tL'
kf t i rr. l :5
l l
| . . r i .
uarnqrnLrh.
L. l l l t ' | , r ] t , l | l
( l {)k
' - t . ' - : l r , - - : - ' - r i - t - | .1 .-r ' . :" j , ' . t r ' . I
' : , ;
-a
Ll
fal
t_
l
l r j . r j i
: : ' t lJJ l i l . i t t l ' l
l ,1 :: i i j l : l
i i
l l
l l r 'a
I
- : l ria I
'
i ' ,1[ , . "r r l
a,r
4
I
l - r l i j
jl l
. ' ' .
' I , : l yl
' . : : .
1r .1
J &
4
f rorn
a
0 B
d
versil'/.
e
ve y\,v
e
'e,
business
frril-,er -91 ci tre
vror i
oop'.llorion
sprerrkers[
Engl ishhis eors
hct
ory
''
the
worlb popuiblon an coinmunic'o te
This igure s
nowhere eor he
olo
nu
rpeoking
Chinese
onguoges,vhich, 1
higher.
cre
prof
c ien
20
crror
d I 2
-"'"
f
weii n English.
mberof
peopfe
20.7%,
s much
2.
2
ond Asio
guol
websre
s nol 01 esly
guol
websiie s nol on ecsy
isnsJqte,feirsiies,or
diflerent
rth iechnicblond inguistic
ro
use.ri:uiomoled
ronslolion
1
lnformciioncries, buf
poges
n
ihe
Webore n
fongue
or only5.4%of
syster']s,nrcror-eooy xrs?
rlg:morKer,rrnPy ecause
lhe
qr-oi i tys nol
good
eFough:. for
'olessionol
se.
Businessesrll ver
heworlc
5
of the
molher
whileo
:
I
a
A
ry
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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Readhearticle nd hoosehemost ultab
headrng
A
)
orearh
aragraph
1-7),
hereone
extra eadinohich
notneeded.
hich ordsn
Howhavehey
B
c
D
F
E
H
Smaer rrms I benefit
Fa
m
pression5
A
challengeor translators
Rea
srng
he
ned or
vaflety
DrffrEntLltures, iffeient eeds
5urprising
gures
Timesneeded
Persolal
references
Proficlecy n Errglsh
Vocabularyractice
In
palrs,
ook t he
highlightedords
and ry o explainhem.
the ext
Moreover, onsloting ebsiles s only ihe beginning.
Customersithouestionsr
problems
i
need o discuss
mottefsn lheir
own
cnguoge,or excmple, hilepriees
wi
needo be n he ocs currencv.
oles i
olsoneedo
be in lhe righi ormoto ovoidconfusion.ornponiesill 50
need o
o opt
lher
cdvertising
molerios
so ds Rol fo
olfenddi{ferent uhures. heymoy olso hove to chonge
q
lheirwqv
ol doino business
o suitcertoin ustomers
in
Jopon,
or excmple, s the
Joponese
o nof end o
give
Here re ome
hrasesron]he ext
read. hoose
hecorrect eaninof
D
a
D
b
6
Now canhe ext. nderline
nd
ote
own
he
reasonshy
websitesillneedo be(ome
multilinguall tl-enearurure.hen,npa:rs,
discussny
ther easons
ou
an hink f for
developrngultilin
ual
websites
In
pairs,
iscuss
he ollowrng
uestions.
.
Ho$iright multrl ingualnternet
elp
ou
n
your
stud
sA4/ork?
.
Can
ou
hink
fany rawbackso such systeml
Matchhewords.Make entences
sinohem.
A
mot/tet
cultural
fast
aafe55
target
f,onou{t
a tlrrEato
cu ural iversy
(liRes
3'14)
cujtuTalar tym
ght
beattacked
cuitural
ar tym
qht
disappear
are
rowth
reas. .
l ines
9-30)
are
fcreastng
n s ze
are
ncreasing
heir usiness{ t
v i [ res
thishuge hal nge lines4-45)
having
o trJnslalerte5ntod
ffereftanEuages
\avinq o mp'ovnl^n L -yofcrrs-rrg).te'rs
trans
tngwebsessorlythebeqlnning
tinc46J
there.rville urther
roblems
o
face
',vebsites
eedo be ransiatedirst
chanqeheifway
of doing iusrrress
tines
2-53)
compaf s wi |
lroed
o
changa
he
prodL.ts
ihey e
compaf swr
need
o
chanqe
heit
appfoach
TO U5tness
touldwe hmi targer ompans ( l ines0-?1)
argercompdnies i l l be lm ted by smaler
companies
b
a'ge
ror
pan
wi be
ar
a
d
.adv. l r lage
each
aragraph
elped
ou
decider
been
araphrased
n he
headings?
B
rnarket
ronguc
divers
y
bu5tne55
the nternct
pace
Mym1theranguesPolish.
TextAnalysis
you
nave
usr
each
hrase.
tn
o
4
lheir
redit crddetoils ver heWeb.There reolso esci
55
issr.res
o tclkento
6
Such
vost chonges
ill
not hoppenovernight.
irnpossibleo
soy exocllyhow
mony exls hele
ore
Web
os ihe numbers chonging I the me-One thing
which
of
nrcn rs
ceIIQrn,noweYet/
15 nor o
growrn
In Ine
use o[
Inlernet
s
guoronleed.
omponiesoinge-businessimply
i s
ce' loin. oweve,
r
lhot
o
growth
n
the
60
need ime o
necessory
o
sitesnlo hevoriousonguoges
more
qnd
moreeonwhile,
moteriol
n
differenionguoges
sbeing ddedo
heWeb
ol
o fosi
poce.
65
7
While
alI ihis s
hdppening,
ocolcornponies,ifi few
employees,
oing -businessnly n
he onguoge
f their
lorget
morket
ndwhoore
qwore
f hecultr..rrolspecis
f
ihst
mdrkel will certoinly e ot
on odvonfoge.
he
problems
f
]ongudge
nd
cuhureouldwell imit orger70
componies
rom xpcnd gond.so ffer
more
pporlunilies
io
smoller
usinesses
npoorer reas f
heworJd.
considerqlion.
I t is
ofl me
lronsloleheir
do business.
Discussion
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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I
rvr
I
a.
eans f communication
Look t he
pictures.
hicherbs
n
he ist
ollocate
.
make
answeraddress
{ommunitate
wrlte
.
'
recetve'alk
w(itdsendheceive/anrwe
ddrcsslettefi
Whatdo
you
normallyse
hese ifferent
means
of communication
o do?Discussitha
partner.
.
applyora
ob
.
book
able ta restiurart
.
introdlrceombody
o somebodylse
.
make
n
officia
com
laint ask avour
.
nvtte omeoneo a
pa
ty
.
get
somebody's
ttention
setupa meeting
I normq write ettet r
anerr.|d,iltopplyora
ob.
Me ao, ut
people
on
alsa endn
app ation
y ax.
What thermeansf
communication
an
ou
think f?
with
sen
eacn
means unication?
message
face
lette15
t^
Use
he
phrases
n
situations neach
emaI l
what h
people
mightbe
are
enjoying
to face
thebox
prctu
e
to
say
(A-G).
'
Useful
anguager aking
ssumptions
Judgingrom...hemay/could/mighte .
I can't
ell orsure
be eftain, ut t looks s f she
5he
must
I don't h
5he an't
inkhecould
e ..because
possibly
e...because..
:
B;
Judging rom
clapping hei
performance.
thel hapw
aces,he
hondsbxause hry
d. Whichmeansre:persondlfimpersonal,fficimt/
$
nrp..a,
of anguage
nef rcient,eco
o
mi
a cos ly,
ormaUnfo mal,
reliablelunreliable,omplicdted/easy?
ive easons,
I think endinqax sefflcient
ecause
ou
an
end copy
afdifferentocunents
ast,
I
wryr
o communicate
yawn
fap
whistle
Etr
il
IrTt
a. Fill n:
irst, ccenLative,
tongue"pee(,i,I.,
alk.
body, nguoge
Youcanunderstand
lot
about
how a
person
s
feel ing
yexaminings . . . . . - . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .anguag
7
J
lar< peaks
ou' larguages,:L is
language
s
English.
Jane
peaksrench
o
we
you'd
hink hewasa
.. . . . . . . . . . .peaker.
tt
diffi{ult
o understand
omeoneho hasa
strongegioRal
of The
Ntherlandss
ne olt|ctal
Dutch.
Ge'man
shis
mother . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' l .hobg
healso peaks
xceentFrench
We
made omemall
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
bouiheweathe
and
henwent
on o a k abouthecontract.
I didn't
meano offend
ou
it
was
ust
a ftgure
lJse
ourof the
phrases
fromaboveo tell
your
partner
bout
ourself
mothet
ongue
sPattuguese.
2
a. Matchheoictureso
theverbs.
yel l
weep
whrsper
grggre
rn
m
uTt
m
.'
pnone
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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?
o*r.u,",
(1-6)
o the
phrases
(a-0,
Do heymean
the amen
your
country?
b,
Which
erson
scalml npatiafi? ncertain?
leasfr
a.
Fi l l
Appendlx
the
gaps
ith hecorrect
rpositions.
'|
to hear
rom
b
(sb's
ews);
2
to
bunlll
nfo
b; 3
to wave
... . . . . . . ..sb;4 onnect... . , , . . .
sb;5 o
glare
... . . , . ." . .b;6 o
smtle .
. sb; 7 o chat . . . . . . . . . . . .b; to shout. . . . . - . . . . . .
sb; to whisper.. . .
5b: 10 o Wr(e
refler
.
sb ;
11 o wink . .- ., . .sb; 12 o shakeands.. , . . . . . . . . .b ;13 o
make nappolntment.......
... bi 14 o communicate... ..,
sb;15 o
have
meetinq.. . . . . . . . . . . .b
b.
Now
make rhain tory singtemsromEx. a.
SI I w1ntedowitea etteronv friend onathanheothet
doy incehodn't eard om
him
ar
o ong
ime.
J2:
5o went utsideo buy
somenvelopes,
nd bumped
into y
neighbour
r5Wesf.etc
disoppointed?/l/hyare he
people
uelingike
ris?
I
Pr"por,,,on,
The
mann
picture
seemso be mparienrecausee
hos
beeneld n n roffic.
I
woro,often onfused
5
Choosehecorrect ord
o
comDlete
he
rentences.hichentenceatchesheEicture?
They look so al ke
(say/te
l/s
peak
ta
k)
2
betweenhenr.
Comeon,
(say/tell/talUspeak)
our
mind-want
our
onestpinion.
5
It's
surprise,odor't
(say/tell/speak-italk)
word.
l-le'such chatterbox
e
says/tells/speaks/talks)
non-stop.
She's erribly ossy. he
loves
saying/telling/
speaking/talking)eoplehat o do.
l'm meetinglim onight
o
busrness.
(say/te
/sp
a /talk)
5
6
I
tuio*,
and
Fixed
hrases
6
Fiff
he
gaps
with ouch,
oldor ontact,hen
explainhe
phrases
nbold.
1 | haven't eenn a classroom
or
years,
o 'm a
littleout of tou(hwith recentmethodology.
2 needo
get
".,.......--,..
f Laurind
el
her hat
tonight's
lass
s
cancelled.
3 Let oromiseo write rca at east nce month
sowedon't ose ......--.--.-.--,--.-.
itheach ther
4 The
arbour aster
ost .....,........-
ith he
sh
o.
5 Please,-,........,he inewhile check
o see
f he
doctor
s nhls
ffice.
Journalistsften omento
".........-.ith famous
people
s
part
oF heir
ob.
.
run
e
cL't switch
get
.
hang
x2)
s3ll
r
put
Itried o cal him
on hlsmobile everalimes. ut he had
1).
it off,
so tried isofficeHis ecretaryold
me o holdhe ine nd he ouldry o 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . ." .ne
through. hadbeen
3) ,. .. ...... n for about ive
minutes, hen
my card4) ..
out and
got
5) .... ... . ....
off. went o a
public hone
ox nd ried
aga ,but hisrrnejust ouldn't) . . . .
.- . . . . . . . . . . .
hrough
to his ompany
t all. had
iven
p,
whenmymobil
hone
rang.
t was
iml
Mark."satd.
at
asl."
sorry.
red,"
e
said
"can
7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ou
backn frveminutes?"
Beforecould ay nything e
ust
8) up
I'm
still
l'rfi
not
sure'
l've
got
no
deal
Nice
o
rneetYou
Don't
wofry'
a. Matchhe
qestures
a
b
d
e
tn
it's dilficult o
the difference
Useheverbs
(omplete
he
belown
heir
orrect
orm o
paragrapn.
6
waitingo talk
o him.
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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Listening
Part
I
a, Before
ou
isten,
ead
uestions
-B nd
underline
he
kev
,r/ordsn eacfr, hen
hink
about:
how
many
eopleou
wil hear
what
ind f anguage
ou
expect
o
hear
what
else
ou
expect
o hear
Nowisten nd.or
questions
-8,
hoosehe
best nswer
A,
Bor C),What
ey
hrases
helped
ou
nswerach
uestion?
I
- i , " I l i ' ' P-l lJl
It sverympcrtanto read
he
questions
efore
ou
isten.
hey
ontainauablenformationbouthe
situation, nd also about
what
you
should
e
listening
or.
You'll ear
person
alking
orEaflisationheworks
or.
talking bout?
A rnedicineor heb
nd
B schoolforheblind
c booksor heblind
You
heara conver$ation
n
the
mangone hsr?
A to repairomething
B
to
phone
omebody
C to checkhe
ine
about he
What
services
5he
an office.Why
has
.
Your nderstandiflgf the
ollowinghings ill
be
testedn hrs
aft:
-
general
opic
-
speaker'seeln
Vem
t
o
n
s
-
speakerattituddopinion
(naakar 'c n ' rn. l (6
I
Listen
nceand
note
down
anyansvyers
ou
an-
Listen gain nd
complete
he
answers.
Youare
istening
o a
radio nterview
How does he manbeing nterviewed
eel?
A
angry
B embaffassed
C uninterested
Youare istening
o
a
news
ptogramm.
What
s he eport bout?
A a newmabile
hone
ompany
B a newway o sendextmessages
C
a newway o contmunicate
ui(kly
You
har
a couplealking n a
cafA.
How
does
the
man uelaboutwhat hewomansshowing
him?
A He
s convinredeneedst.
B
He
oesn'tnderstand
t.
C tle hi ks ts ooexpensive.
You re
istening
o
someonealkingo a
group
of
people.
hat s heman3
urpose?
A to
persuadeeople
o buya
product
B
to
reassure
eople
hata
producr
s
safu
C to stop
people
rombuying
product
ListeningPan2
a. Youwill isteno a report bouthe
declinen
theuse
f
prrblichone
oxesn
heUK,Before
you
isten, iscusshe ollowrng
uestions,
1
2
Do
you
use
ub
c
phone
oxes?nwhatsitlations?
Paraohrasehesentenresutside
he
boxes
n Ex,
2b.
Look
gain t the
ncomplete
entences
n Ex.2b.
W th a
partneL
y
to
guess
hat
kind
of
information
is missinE. or which item(s) s the missing
informationnumber?orwhichs t a colour?
Nowisteno
mmpletehe
3 Youwant to
get
connectedo the Internet.End
you
call
helpline.
hat
do
you
haveo
do?
A Press
1
B Press'2'
C Pfess
3'
At theairport.
ou
hear man
eaving
message
nsomeone
nswerphone.hat
does ewant
he
person
o do omorrow?
A collecthecar
rom
garage
B
meethim
at heairport
C fix hecafsbrakes
the ecording.
sentencesith
For
uestions
-10,
one o threewords,
Readhrough he en tems efore
ou
isten nd ry
to
guess
l-at ind
f
informationsm:sing.
Bearn mind hat he nfofmation
ou
need
o fill n
the boxeswill be heard
word
for word', but its
context ut$deheboxes ilibe
paraphrased
n he
rPcordrng.
.
voU
wilfnepd
eftveen
np
and
hrepword5
or
eacl-
.
Mdke Lre hatyoura'rswersit gramnatically
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
12/264
2
The moneyBT makes rom
public
elephonesas
decreased
1
After the ifl\,ention f the telephone.
for
it
took nly
theRrst
hane
t0 appear
The
irst
ublic hones
erenstalledn
The
phone
oxwas nitrallveferredo
asa
4
5
"public
Wfen l^ey inally
ppearedl
the
st'eets, ,ley ere
.
l'd
much
ather
. han..
.
I
don'tikethedea
f .., o woud
preferto
. l'mnotsokeen n . ,so v,i uld nooseo . ,
Which f thesemeans
o
you
mostly se
o
communicate
ith
your
amily/friends?
Usefulanguage:
xpressing
refurence
box
foundn
Giles ilbert
cott
part
ftheBritish
like he
post
ox,
He
ntendedhoneboxes
o
becoloured
Notonly
did elephoneiosks
late
Bos, ut heir umber as
BT as
tfeady
nstalled
notdisappearurrng
he
Collectors
anbuva rad ionalBritish
10
Internetiosks
phone
ox or
K OSKS
wantedo create ohone ox hatwas
6
,
Lst
I
Look t
the wo
pictures
elow f
people
showing
heir appiness.ompare
nd ontrast
the
wo
pictures,
aying hich f he wokinds
of happinesss
moremportant
o
you,
Happiness
c.
c. British
hone
oxesre onsideredsymbol
f
British
ulture. hat verydaybjectsre
considered
symbolf
he
uituref
your
counlrv?
d. What ther ituations
ntA
makeou eel hisway?
Enjoy
our
aliday,
Thonks,
wi 1.
4
i
i
Listen
o wo
candidatesoinghespeaking
k above
nd ompareheir
erformance
o
hat
of
your
lassmates.
fusessour
larsmatesn erms
f:
r
grammar
nd ocabulary
r
discourseanagement
.
prcnunciation
interattive
oftmunrciirorl
Everyday
.
Goodbye
English
5
In
pairs,
uess
nd
aywhat he
otner5oeaKeravs.
J
rueans
fcommunication
Look t he wo
pictures
howingifferent
meansf communication,
omparend
contrasthe wo
pictures,
aying hich
you hinksmost ffkient.
'
Usefulanguage:omparing contrasting
.
rhe
mdi-/greatesT/most
mprtarUmost
grlificant
difference
etweenheoicturesthat
lhF
Tost strtkrnc/obvLs5mrarttv
s
'tat
In he irst
oicture.
..
whereaVwh
e/butn hesecond
A
3
a
b
o
Thanks,
wi l
You oo.
Sure.
allmewhenever
See
ou
here.
B:
5
9
one
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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ReadingPart
a.
took
at he
poster
elow.
What oes
t
advertise?ave
ou
ever ttended
uch
a
performance?
b. Read
he itleand
he ntroduction
o
he
text.What
re
ougoing
o read?What
do
you
hink sign
anguageheatre
interpreteroes?
(.
In
pairs,
hink f hree
uestionsou
wouldike o ask bout
heatre
interpreter.
eadhe ext
quickly
nd ee
if
your uestions
ere
nswered.
Readhe ext-
For
uestions
appropriate
nswer
A,
B,C
1-7, hoose
orD).
themost
1
I
I
I
t -
I
I
I
i '
t*_
' ,
,
r .
.
; i l
. /
i r r r i i r
Readhe ext
quickly
o
get
a
general
dea fwhat is
about.
Look t he
irst
part
of he
questron,
ndundetlineey
words.
on't
eadheoptons
A-D
et.
Findhe
part
of
text he
qLlestion
eferso.
Go hrouqhhechoicesndunderline
he
keywords.
Choosehe
answerhdtbest its.Keepn mind hat he
informationay e
ephrased.
Evenf
you
hink
ou
knowheconect nwe4alwaysheck
that heothers renotappropriate.
Check
our
nswer gainsthe ext.
th e
Thete as imewhen eaf
eople
ouldn't
xperiencehe
oy
ofa
heatrical
erformanc
This
all
l0
$ign anguage
heatrenlerpreters.hanging,
hanks
s
eafpeople hould njoy
a playas
muchas
rhe hearing
udience.
his s the hinking
behind the Americans
with Disabilities
Act, which
equires hat
theatres
become ccessibleo deaf
people.
Theatreproducers, n the other
hand, rebeginningo realise
hat
such
a
feature
makes lheir
product
attrsctive to a
wider
1o
audience with considerable
financial ewards,
Interpreted theatre u$ually
takes place
as
tw'o or three
performances
n a theatre eason.
15
Preference
or tickets
s
given
o
the deaf and their
guests,
but
tickets
are also sold
to hearing
people
who are interested
ui
seeing
theatre interpreteff
at
2o
work.
It is a colossal
roject
or
the
interpreters.
an Cox
works for
The most
technical aspect
rlacement sHalesles
caTesonseonto tnree
in erpretaticnor thedeaf s the
location of
the interpreter.
the workload
important
of
theatre
can be
4o
SeeTheatre, Chicago-based ssociation
of
interpreters.
e says,for
about a month we
work
Sign Language onsultant
o
5 ivith he
support
f a
translate and
rehearse an entire play. The
workload s mmense.Consider hat eachactor n
the
play
hasabout
our weeks o
rehearse
is or
her lines;we have o learn he
whole
oiav
in as much
time.
30
An4
when
interpreting
musicals.
here
iming,
hythm
and harmonies must be
practised,
doubles."
styles:
'placeff,
where flterpreter$ re
located utside
he acting pace
and
do
not move;
zoned',
here
interpreters
are within e
45
acting space,but
usually move
onlyduring
a change f
scene
r
act; and, inally,
shadowedt,
here nterpreters
the ftoveruent
of the actors or
whom hev are
50
rntefpfeung,
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Theatrenteryretersave
{cme
ommonplace
because
A
deaf
eopie
ere voiding
he heatre.
B
theatres antedo be.ome
more ccessible
C a new aw nadeheir
resence
ompulsory
D
producers
anted way o
attracaudrences
Whydo hearingeople o o seenterprted
performances?
A They rehemost
opular
erformances
fthe
5eason.
B They
reeven etter hanstanddrd
per[ormances
C They
ive
better
nderstanding
f he
play
D
They ffer chance
o
admrre
he
work [
rnterpeters
3
lhe workload
f theatre nterpreters
sso
great
because
hey
have o
A learnhe ines
f allthe {tors.
g
interpretn ront
f a consultant.
C
go
o rdny of the ehearsals.
D
\
/ork n
all
parts
fthe
production.
4 ln which tyle(s) f rnterpretingo
the
interpreters
hange
heir
position?
A the
zoned'
tyle
B the zoned'
nd he
shadowed'
tyles
C the
plced'
ndhe
shadowed'
tyles
D the shadowed'
tye
The
placcd'
styleof interpretingn the theatre
is bv far
the most
commofl. he ntemreters
re
side-by-side nd iace the audience
;5
some interpreters nteract with each
appropriate).
he locationof the interpreter
generally
n one of
three places:
tage ight or
$tageeft,or on the loor of thehouse.
I ne
zone
o' swle oI mlerDrele Dlacements a
side-by-side/ithin he acting pace. sually,
hey
change osition
on stage
om
scetreo scene or
from act to act
-
in to be within he
same
of
the
action. Zone
easier or the deaf
oatron o
andactors t thesame ime.
style of interpreting
s the
;5 'zone'
as the malonty
placement
makes t
se
he
nterpreters
The'shadowed'
most
nclusive tyleof interpretingor the heatre.
It involves
lacing
he
nterpreters irectly
within
the action nearlymaking hem sign anguage
actors'.The interpreters re
blocked' nto each
scene, an lirerally shadow he actors.
The
advantage
f this sclear:he
nterpreter
s n such
'5
close
proximity
o the
actor
that the deaf petron
need
not makea decision boulwhom o watch
heor she
an
watch othat thesameime,
n the
Desl
I cases.me ceal DatronmenlallvDlenosne
interprete
with the actor,
and
forgets hat the
3
1
z
i0
actor
doeb ot sign.
Theatrenterpretersor thedeafarededicated
professionals
ho ake
great
pride
n their
work.
"Theatre,"
aysan,
"is
the art of communicating
beautiful ideas
o
interestmgv&y$. Interpreted
theatre, herefore, s an art in itself.
instead
of seeins us as
'additions'
Thankfully,
,
PToducer$
nowadayshinl
of
interpretersor the deaf as
a
gh
ls
(althou
other
5
i0
happy medium
'shadowed'tyles.
between the
'ptaced'
and
Here, nterpreters re placed
of(lef
I
'0
r5
speaks.hat o
you
hink he eportersked
him?What
uestions
ould
ou
have
sked im?
b, Inwhat
ther ituations
renterpretersor he
deaf sed? iscuss
n
pairs.
5
Why
doshe
writer eter o the
zoned'slle
as
'a
happy edium'?
A
lt
combines
ementsrom he tlo other tyles.
B lt ismostly sed ight-heaftedldF.
C lt
allowshe nteroreters
o mrxwith heactors.
D lt
makes
.he
nte-prete/s
ob
eas,er-
What
doesheword
this'
n ine
74
efer
o?
A
t\e advartagps
'the shadowed'tyle
B
the
oosition
f the nterpreters
C the
actionn
a
performance
D
the
placement
f thea-(ors
7 What
does ansayabout
hedtre
roducers
E he
lastparagraph?
A
They
ppre{-iatehework
of
ntepreters.
B They
hink nterpreters
reexpensive
C
They
ee nterpreterss
a necessaryvil.
D They
on't esFectnterpreters
Vocabularyractice
3
Explainhe heatre+elated
ords
n
bold.
Text
Analysis
Look
t he ollowing
hrases
romhe extand
explain
heunderlined
arts
n
your
wn
words.
...with
considerablefinancial
ewards.
lines
0-11)
.
plated
side-by-srdFf'l,n tne art.ng
snace
(li$es
1-62)
... hp
deaf
patron
mentdlv
lendshe
nterpreter
wththe
aLo{
(lines
8-79)
rScusSron
a. Underlinehe
part
of hearticle herean
Cox
new avenue o cte rMtfv-'
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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ie\
lffi/'
Articles
Grammareference
Write heor
, where
ecessary,
t On
-
August 0th,
1887,
group
f workers
wer itt ingt heedgef . . . . . . . ..cornfieldhere
theywere av g
... . . . . . .unch.
2 Sometimes
ou
an
ee........
ea
rommybedroom
w ndow. ut .
.. atmosphere
aso bevery ear.
3 He wns... . .. .
house
y
... . . .. . . hames,hich
hebought
hree
ears
go
or E300,000.
umour
4
hast hat . . . ,
. . . . ouse
shaunted.
A(cordirg
.o
soFe
dortors.
IN cold
climates
re w ce
develop.
. . . . . . . .
r t \ ' i t5
as . . . . . . . . . . .
in . . . . - . . . . . . .armer mates
For....... ery ng ime
......
eople
elieved
hat
. . . . . .
ar th
as
. . . . . enve f
. . . .
untvene.
Notei
Queen
lzabeth
BUT he
Queen
Put hedeterminersn
hebox nderhe
appropriateeading,
omeeterminersan
used ithmore
han ne
lassf noun.
EE
eve|
rafP1t r
6,i3i1
PsnY
r966l
le5s
any both fewer.enough
much neither
l i tt le
several
a
some aflother
b. Rewritea(h entence
sing
different
determiner
ithout
hanginghemeaningf
theoriginalentence.
.-*;
Too
Enougn
+
sss
Grammar efe'erre
3
Complete
hesentencesn wo
ways sing
our
ownwords.
seoo r
enough.
1 | can'teat his cod; t's oosally. itsnotwarm
enougn.
2 | can't
arry
hesp uitcasesy nyself;
3 l ' l lnever
eableo buy
myown
achl:. . . . . . . . . . .. .
4
She
won'l
p,i\\ theexam:
dq
wf'
PartitivesCountable
nd
Uncountable
ouns
a. Match
he
partitives
n
uncouable ounsou
Thenmake
entences.
Grarnmar
eference
eopre
vng
as
ikely
o
peop
lvlng
Determiners
Grammar
efefence
@
dr
surn f
tat]lespoon
f
capof
jar
of
drop f
ray
f
the efrwith
he
could sehemwith.
advice
money
ratn
sunsh
ne
tfru
der
honey
a
prece
f
a
a
a
a
a
r
eltner
.
other
litt
e
.
all
Let egiveWUopiecef advice:on'tendhtm
becausee
won't
ctun t.
memoney
b. Consulting
dictionary,ay
what hedifferenc
between
hewordr
neach
air
s, hen
make
sentences
llustratinghedifference.
t hair harrs
2
\rlork
works
3 damagedamages
4
people
peoples
5 wood
woods
6 contentcontents
head,
hoits'
re
he
fromheskin.
'Hair'
swhot avus
he
W
of
yaul
separcte,
ount?bletrands
rowng
,
I hadmyhair utyesterday.
'
lfound
wo airsn ny oup.
Use
heendings
verbs Nen.
2
3
5
o
1
All messagesaveo be ecorded.
Fvery essaEehasobe
ded,
Both
irls
eem nhappy.
Notas nEnytudents
ame
his ime.
Qulte
few
people
alled arlier
l'l lneed omeime
o check
mymessages.
Each
oom as
phone
Someonelse sked
or
you
after
ou
eft.
defend
Inspect
resist
prefer
rnlerpret
form
6
7
|l
I
Singularouns
Piural ouns
Uncountable
Nouns
e.9. message,sx
every,
. . . . . . . . - . . . .
e
g.
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Word
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Text
-,
English Use Part
Completehe
entencessinghe
word
given.
se etweenwoand
five
words.
5l
ll;\ l
T'OiN'I
Readhe
whqle entenc,
hen ook t
the keywo.d.
think
of thestructure
tested
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eported, tc).
Use he
g
venword to complete
he
secondentence.sebetweenwo 10
five
words each
ap.
ln
Can you
rcrnemberwhere
you
0)
welr
when the
first text message
f).....,,..,,..,,..ent n
the UK?
You can't?'f i
not sulpdsed.
or
2) ..-..-,..--......
anyone lse.But
t'san unpredictabl
orld,
andnothing as
been ess
redicted
3) ,................-
he rise of texl messaging"t came rom
nowhere o become
4) .-....-......-.- .-
astest
rowinghenomenon
)
..-,,.-.-..,
.,, ecentimes,
Over2 million extmessagesreseni6) .,.-...-...-...-..our n the JK, The mobiLe
phone
ndustry laims
)....."..--..,...-.5Ec f tbeff arrivewithin10 seconds'in
normalcircumstanees'.
extinghasoFened p an entirelynewarea8) ...-.-.-...-...-.-
communicationhatdidn'texist efore briefmessages
or 9)
.,.......-.......-
here
s a
tiug emand ut whichdon'tneed ie
fuss f a written etter.
Textinghasbecome means S)
parents o maintain ontactwith
1l) ..................hildren,
or
grandparents
o bondwith grandchildren,
or
television
to interact ith
the dudience.t is a marketing
ool of huge
potenlia]
or companies
which,
or the irst ime,canbuitd
up
profiles
f individual sers nd arget hem 2)
special ffers-
I
would
refer
my
phone
or
want I
it f nobodynswered
rne.
don' t , . . . . . .
. . . . .. . . .
Tertinghas otbeen uocessfulinrply ecause
olherE3) ...,.......... ...honewithoutpeaking4)
on expecb 5) ...........-.. ."..i tireusuaLormalities.
it enables
ou
o corfimunicateith
............-.-. ecau$et sbrief nd ld
I ts
simpl
ci
y may
ensuie ts ong f,
She
orgat
my
pnonE
everyth
ng
for me.
I told her.
anyth ing 5he
Ertglishn
Use
Part
I toldher.
I drdn't
know
anyone
at thP
Most
fthe
inesn
he extbelow
ontain
nunnecessaruord.
confefence-
nobody There as
at heconferencP.
Mark sked e he
pric
f a fax
much Mark sked
ne . . . .. .
. . . . . - . . . . .o buy fax.
The operator skedhim if he
wanted
nymore
nformation.
else The operator
asked
him
f . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .
...,hewanted
o ask.
Englishn Use Part
Fill
ach
ap
withoneword. here
s
anexample
0),
Findheunnecessaryords
thinka ine scorrect. ut
anow re
tick
/)
on
them n
h
the ine,
spates.f
you
Read
he
mistakeS
mustbe
see the
(e.q.
uxiliaries,
ronouns,
rticles,tc)
Rememberhewcrd
wrongnot
ust
unnecessary.
hen
ou
inish"ead
gain
o
tex[ makes
ense.
{ ' { r Nf
Read
he ext
quickly
nce,
ithout
paying
ttention
o he
gaps.
Read
gai.lcaetuly, ry1g to
fill
each ap. rremissingords un e.
adverbs.uxil;aryerbs,
repos
rors,
prolours.
or,undions.Lc.
yo-
can't ind heanswerora
gap,
mole
on o
thene[t oneand
eturnater
When
o,r''re
inrshed.
ad
he ext
again o see f
your
answersre
gfammatically
orrefi
and make
sensen he entence
nd
he ext
0
00
1
3
4
5
o
I
I
10
' |1
' tz
t5
14
15
TheMakingofanLrternetEnthusiast
A friendof mine, s
a la*yer,hadneverused
a /5
computer
u
his ife. But when he decided
o work
frorn
home, e realisedhai hewould
need o
get
he
one, He was
being
quite worried
about
t because
he
had no an
idea
abouthow
o use hem. 'm sure
he would havebeen
atisfiedwith a one very
basic
machine;
ut he decidedhat, f hewas
going
o have
a homeoffice,he shouldhavea
"good'
omputer.
So
as, he telephonedo
order one, and they
sold him
themostpowert'ul omputer hey had.AJter a few
da1's
ast,
he hada super-machine
hichhe hadn'ta
cluewhat
o
do with
hat-But two months
at+r, e
hasbecome
he
greatesl
ntemet
enthusiast krotv
him.He nowusetiwords ike
1og
n' and IP
address'
like hs's been
uslng hem all
his li{e, He does
everything
online':
pays
or
his bills, orders books
and
stationelT, ontacts
is family n
America and
reads
he
newson BBC.The Internet
has become
part
ofhis
ife.
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
17/264
',
REASONOR
WRITING
Letters
are written
for
a variety
of
reasons.
hesenalude
.
giving
nformation
requesting
information
rnakingomp
ints
. makingorrectionsmakrng
suggestians
asking
or
pelmission
.
q
ving
adv ei et(
Twc
or rnDreof these
reasons
or
writing
ould ppear
n hesarne
eiter.
(e.9.
W te a lettet honkina
offiare
-.
exalaininghq
ou
ave edded
o
.
and
askinaforheir dvicen ,,J
STYLE
The tyle f writing
your
etter an
be
formal,
emi-formal
r informal,
dependingn he
ublic
nd
he arget
readet ou
hould
ake ure
hat
you
keep he same tyle hroughout
our
etter.
TAYOUT
All ettershould
ncludehe ollowing:
.
An
appropriate
reeting
eg.
Dflr
John, eatSrtetd, followed
by an
introduction ith your openrng
rernarks
eE.
Howore
you,
etc)and
your
eason
orwriting
e.g-
iloughtl
woald wite and tell
you
aboul my
holidoys,
tc).
A
main
body
which ontainshe
information
equestedy he
ubric.
A conclusion here
you
can
summarise
he main
po
nis and/or
make eferenceo
futureaction.
You should nclude
our
closing
rerrarks
'e.g.
W te bo& \oon.
ek),
followed
y an approptiate
nding
(e.g.
ours
atthfully,ohn
'milh,
etc)
'lrfl{AT0You
(AII
A
I,
TTIR
Wl]$If |{As
9R0PP[D
Orilil
r}]t
qil,r{M"
"ELA((i
tl.*
andsaywhich
I
Understanding
heRubrir
1
2:
4
E
What o
you
hdveo wrlte?
Who s he arget
eader?
Does
he tyle
eedo be ormal
What
s
your
eason
orwriting?
Which f he ollowingculd
ou
D
7
I
a
a
a
t
Read
he ubricelow
nd nderlinehekeynformation.
hen
answer
he
questions
hat
ollow-
This s
paft
of
a ,etter
ou
have ecetvedtom
a
penftrend.
.,, and I knor
Lh* | really
need
Ea epeak Engliah
better, fhe
problem e, I haten't
Aal
t'ime for ertra
leseons
or
re$)lar
Slady 5e55ion5-
WhaL
else
Ean I
da t'o impro',te
y En6liah? leaeewrite and Eall
rne
'
haL
yau
6uqqe6t.
Write
our
etter o
your eni'iend
onotwrite ny ddresses
or
Informel?
E
tr
E
tr
E
tr
E
include
n
he
E Elish
etter? {k
/),
read ooks nd
magazinesn
write
eLervemailsn
English
trave o anEngiish
peakingountry
watchilnrsnEnglishithout ubtitles
practise
onversetion
rtha
friend
have
rivat
essons
reEisterna anguagchool
Can
ou
hink f other ayso mprove
our
Fnglish?
For he
points ou
icked, uggestow
you
could rrangehem
nto
paragrdphs.
owmanymain ody
aragraphs
ill
you
eed?
How culd
ou
end
our
etter?
usually rite nformaletterso
friends
nd elatives
eknow
to
people
f ourown
age.Characteristicsf informaltyle
2
$
nnalysing
n
nformaletter
Workn
pairs.
ead odels and
Bopposite,
one s
appropriate,
hink bout
hether:
the
paragraphs
re learly
rganised
thewriter
ollowshe nstructions
n
he ubric
the
style
sapproprrate
or he arget eader
I
tnformatstyle
welr,
r
include:
.
Short orrrs
e.g
'm,you\e,
ts,we
l,et()
5imple/colloquiaiocabu[ary
e,9.
eally
reat,
un,
ou'd
ettet tc)
Useof the astive,
ather han he
pdssive
oce
(eg.
we
houldo
something'ntteadf'somethinghoulde one',tc)
lnformal
eginningsndendings
e.9.lli,
oware
ou
oing?,l'd
etter
run, 'll see
au
on Sotuday, tc)
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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DearTim,
Hi
-
howare
you?
'm
good
but
haveexams
his
weEk at school. write
to answer
vour letter
in
which
you
ask or my advice.
There are a rangeof options
you
could choose
from.But before beginwith those, like o sayt's
a shame
ou
can't
take
extra essons. had extra
lessons hen wanted o improvemy Frenchand
that t helpeda lot, but that wasalsobecause f my
teacher-
he
was
be
best
-Aryway,
r:ucould isten
to theEnslishmusicmorecflen.
Of murse
you.
houldn't pendhours o listen o
music.That's
ust
a waste of lime Listening o
songs n English is
a
good
way to leam
new
vocabulary, nd t's fun tool
Furthermore,
f I was
you
I'd read more in English.You can also have
conversationsith a friend in English,and then
correcteachother'smistakes-
e
serious.horrsh.
drd t onceandwe
ust
erdedup augh.inghe
whule
time
I recommend hat
you
accept
heseadvices
n
the matter.
Your slncerely,
Angela
DearDan,
Thanksor
your
ast etter. thrnk t's
great ou
want o brush p
on
your
English ndof course'm
only oo
glad
o help.Here
area fer Lhings
ou
can
rry-
First
of ail,
it
would
be a good idea to
start
reading
more n English.You
probably
won't have
time
to read novels but there are
plenty
of
magazineshat also
help
you
mprove
our
English.
As you are so fond of nature,why don'tyou take
out a subscriptiono NationalCeographic? olf[,
be amazed
t how ast
you pick
hingsup when
you
actually
ike hesubject.
Another
suggestion
s to *alch fiims on DVD
without
hesubtitles. hat
wayyou
orce
ourself
o
listen
o tJre anguage ery carefully. or a film
lover ike
you,
hat'llbe
earning hile ealJy
aving
tun
The bestadvice can
giveyou,
hough,s to
get
more English
speaking
pen-friends nd email
friends. hat method eallyworked or mewhen
wanted
o improvemy Italian.
Not only will
you
Ieanr
a lot of new
phrases,
ut
you'll
also
practise
the
anguagectively
aurself.
?
I hope
hese deas
will help.And remember.
practice
makes
erfect,
o don't
give
up
too easily
Write
and et
meknow
how
yotlget
on,
Yours,
Pam
b.
In
pairs,
nswerhe
ollowing
uestions
bout
model
.
What
rre
vant
nfotmation
as he
writer
ncLrded
in he
main
ody?
7
3
Has
he
wr
p'
sed
he
co'rec1tyle? ive xdfples
How could he paragraphsave been better
organised
Whatdo
you
hink he arget eader'seaction ill
be?Why?
Conecthe
grammatical
istakes.
c. Read
odel and
nswerhe
questions.
What stylehas he writer
used?
Giveexamples.
Thnk about:
.
shortorms col
oqual anguage
phrasal
erbs
Has he writer
organisedhe
points
early nto
paragraphs?
hat s he opic
f
each
araqraph?
Underlinehe
opic entencesepla{ehemwith
ornerappropflarenes
$
civing dvice
'
'
Sore meswe need
o
give
advicen
lette,s.
Depending
n how ormalhe wntiftgs,we canuse
the
ollowing
hrases:
For
iving
dvice
.
why not .?
'
Why
on't
ou
..?
.
You hould.
.
li woLld
ba a
qood
dea
o
/
i'
.
Hav
ou
hought bout ronsidered..?
l f were
ou,
would . .
I th ink he
besthing ou
be
o i f . .
One/Anolheruggestion
s o ...
For
howinghe
result
.
Thiswitl/would
eanhat .
.
Then,/That
ay, ..
.
lf
you
da his,
.
By oinghls, .
.
The
esu of th s would
e
..
e.E.Why ot
phone
Mary nd ellher ow
ou
eellThdt
way, t eostauwillbefaringheproblem,
a.
,Look
t
to
give
model
.Which
hrases
advice?
have een sed
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
19/264
'l
can't
eemo lose
anyweight.
l've
never
ot
enoLEh oney.
b.
lmagine
hat
ou
aveo write
etter
iving
advice
o a riend.Vlatch
our
riendt
roblems
(14)
o
your
uggestions
A-D).
b.
Look
ack
t
opening
nd
above.
B n EK. and
remarks
ith
replacehe
othersrom
model
closing
Invile
her out
for a
coffee
Speako
your
eachers
part-ttme
lob
gym
Join
B
o
tr
we would all
very
much ike to see
you
[herc. r is
4t
xr long. Please
)
i[
you
are
planning
o aftend.We6i . . ,
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . , . t
b.
Who o
you
hink ach f he
etterss
addressedo?Choose
rom he
ollowing:
.
a bank anager
a
close
riend
.
a formerolleaguea
personou've
ever
et
for us all to metup
againafter
Look
hroughhe
ollowing
nd aywhether
r
noteach ne
s
appropriate
or he etter
xtract
comesrom.Giveeasons,
Hi Rernembere?Howare oudoing?
ldon't now f
you
wil l ememberebut was
. .
We're
lanninE
bitof a
get-together
nd
.
Wea'e
n
he
process
f o.ganisi^g
.eunion.
Al l the ct ns
going
o be
n
heCivic a on
. .
The eunion
ill
be
held
n
hecivirHali n ..
Mus
has een rganisedndnvitationsave een
sent ut o
..
We'vemanagedo
get
for he
n;qht ndwe've
c.
I
\turite
nd
e I mehow
you
ger
on at qp
party
now.
5
fl
lthouqht 'd take few minuteso
write
o
you
with he
nformation
ou
askedor
fl
Say ello
o
your
ister
or me.
but 've
1
5
6
7
B
8
fl
Thanks
been
ery usy lh exam5.
a lot
for
your
lovely etter, which
lastweek.
Paul enyon
inv
ed
oads
to be he D.l
of
. .
I
Semi-formalstyle
3 L'rn
obehind
ith
my
schoowork.
Mycousinsn't
spea
ing
c, Nowuse he
phrases
rom he heory ox o
5
make entencesivingdvice.or ach iecef
advice,ay hat he
esuit ould e.
Why
ot
ain
gyn
This auld
nean
hot
ou
would
ote
wdaht nd et itat he ameime.
I
Opening/Closing
emarks
When ritinq n nforrnaletter
ou
an se:
.
Openingemarks
a a hank
ou
o he
person
or hetrast
etter
b
questionywishes
bout
ecentvents,he
person's
health,
ornments
bout heir
ew5,
tc
anapo gy
or
he
delaynwritng/replying
the eason hy
ou
are
wrltnq
.
Closingemarks
e the
eason
hy
ou
must nd he etter
f
greetings
o
the
person's
amily/friends
g
wisheva
romise
e.9.
o writeagain oon)
h a requesto thepersono repysoon/
an nvitation
o
visit,
tc
a.
Match entences
-8 o
points
-h n hebox bove.
l ' l l
writeagaifi
hen
've
ot
morerme.
We , l'd bet ter
signoff now because
m
supposed
o be meeting
my friends
t the
cinmanhalf nhour.
3
4
1
2
6
7
l-l
'
hope
oL
? welland
'ulyover
our
old
oy
l-l
Sotry
t'saker e )o
lorg o
geT
ack
o
you
Wewrite emFformal
tterso
people
hatwedo
not
know erywell They reusually ore
olite
han
irfo.mal
enprs ndarew'fien n a neuUaltyle
[
5
impoltant,
when
writing his
qpe
of
lettel. o make
sure hat our
wrting s neitheroo
formal or oo
informa
Look t
thesewo extractsromNetiersf
invitation
nd ay
hether a{h ne s nforrnal
orsemi-formal.
hen
il n he
gaps
ith
he
words/phrases
iven.
.
contact
e or urther
etails
reaycool
.
anexcellent
pportunitydrop
me
a ine
.
promise
e
.
hope
o
see
ou
arflveo
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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6
Matchhesentences
1-6)
o he
types
f etterheyare
aken
rom
(a-d).
Which f themaresemr-formcl
and
which re nformal?
ho
ovou
think he aroet eadersre?
lf it 's not
would
you
copy fthe
a
D
c
o
b. Usehe
phrases
bove
o wfite nformalnd emi-formal
sentences
f
your
own
or
eachype
of
etter
1.8).
lnformo[:lease[llme
nabautext uesdly\
eeting.
Semi-farmal:leaseet
ne now bout
ext uesdav'seetino.
$
rormatstyte
7
Weusualy
rite
ormal
etterso
people
Characteristsof fofmal tylenclude:
weFraveotmet.
Longorms
p.9.lam,
ou
rc,t s,wewill,etc)
More
sophlst atd ocabulary
u.g
emarkable,ery
njoyable,
would
arlviseyou
o.
.
etc)
Useof the
pass
e, rather
han the
actvevoice
eg.3ornething
shouldedone'nsteodf we houldosomething',tc)
Formal
eginningsnd
endings
e.9.
par
ir/Modam,
ookfowafi
o
yau,
Yaurs
aithfully, rt)
a.
Read
heextracts
elow nd aywhichs ormal, hichssemi-
formal
ndwhichs nforrnal,hen,
oreach ne, iscusshe
reasonorwriting nd
he argeteader,
nderlinehewords
and
hrases
hathelped
ou
ind
heanswers-
A
B
c
H
'{
I
.
The
main
eason
'm
wflting
sbcause
waflt
o
ask
a
avour
Can
lborrowYour
uitarfor
couPte
our
guitam
long'
rouble
s'mtne
yourself
.
i 1 | Well. nyvvat ynew robile5
Fantasticnd
500ner,
wish
d
boughtt
too much rouble,
mlndsendingnea
local
us
metable?
fl
tt
soundss
t
you
righr enefit
I'rom
gett
ng
exerctse.
50me
more
FiT-.l
Thanks m.llon or
-rp
D I'ial
you ent it'sustperfect
lET-.l
t looks
ike
rnight
bE
going
o
Francefterall
IETI
t rea y
appreciate
ll he rouble
you
went o In order o make
mystaymore omfortable
Lener
iv
ng nformation
la t to . n f
'a^' ro
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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9
A
B
a
I
a
I
a
a
a
a
a
I
a
a
I
a
a
L
Paraphrasing
b. Rewritehe ollowing
xtract
using oreormalanguage-
You
an se
he
prompts
o help
you-
.
suggesthat
(to)
elp
s
What ypeof
letter
o
you
haveo write?
Who s he arqet eader?
What nFormation[ould
ou
nclude
n
your
pening
aragr'aph
Doeshestyle eedo be ormal.nformalr semi-formal?
Whatwill
cu
nclude
n
your
main ddy
aragraphs?
How
wil
you
begin
nd nd
our
etter?
1
2
5
o
10
Usinqhe nformation
ou
haveearnedn hisunit,writeoneof
the
etters bove. ou hould
ritebetween 20 nd180words,
Dear ony,
Hope
ou
a{ewell.
We miss
you
a lot.
Pleaseignoff on
your
computerano come
downstairsor unch.
j
Readhe ubrlcselow nd
underlinehekey nformation.
hen
answerhequestionshat ollov .
Your
renfriend
as ecpntly ritten o
you
sayinghat he/shes
very
unhappy ith
school nd
home
ife.
Youhave
ecided
o
wite a etter f adv e,
otfering
our
upport.Write
our
etter,
makingariousuggestionsnd aying hat esults
ou
xpect
if her'sheollows
our
dvice.
Yourbest riend,Lee,
moved a another own last
year
and
recentlyrote
o
you
o askwhat
ou
have
een olng.
Write
letter of reply to Lee. ayingwhatyou havedone atelyand
what
plans
ou
have
or
henear
uture.
Last ummel
ou
stayed ith a
Britishamily or
a
month o
hefp
ou
o
improve
our
English
he
amily ecently
rote
o
you
o
ask
how
you
are. n their etter, heyalsoasked
ou
whether
ou
hink
our
taywith hemhelped
ou
with
your
studies
write
a
suitableetter
n reply.
.
not nly. but
he)
lso
nas xpenence
confidenthat
inadditrono
ioin
s finish
very
uickly
in his ypeof thing
.
willing
'
has fferedto)
thework
.,
Te
you
what,why don't
we dsk
Marcof he'll
give
sa hand? e's
ot
a car and
he's
done
stuff ike his
before.
'm
sure e'll
e
only
oo
happy
to
help
especially
f weoffer
himscme
moneyor petrolt). part romNlarcD,
my
brotherays e'll ome long.
ith
forrof us,we'll
et
he
ob
done
n
no
time.. .
Mum
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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r-
T
-
3
I
Lead-in
how
i
thesketches
the
groups
f
Can
ou gu
(1-7)
ee l?Match
the
people
themwith
tlred, xhausted,
ieepy
stressed,
orried.houghtf t
afraid,rightened.
caed
sad,miserab, unhappy
Look t he
pictures
1-5).
low
do
you
these
eople
eel?Use djectives
rom
make
entences.s
n heexample.
r. How o
you
eel bouthe ollowing
Actout
exchanges.s n he
exampre,
.
cooklngtravellingowork
. writingettersshopprng
.
going
o he inentaexetcising
.
driving
tidying
p
lftnd
things?
c
happy,
cheerf
rco in
cal
y
enloyble.
8:
t
2
Think f a situation
to
your
artner,
netn
Really?don't.n
oa, findt
qurte
tressful.
Paraphrase
he ollowinqtatements.o
ou
gree
ordisagree?hy
not)?
A dayo[ sorrow s
Where heres
ove heres
happiness.
i;
Lrsten
ndwritehoweacn feels.
Speaker
Speaker
Speaker
...
loy.
onger
person
than
a month of
E]
think
Ex.
a to
adjectivs
a-g)
elow.Can
ou
addanymore
adjectiveso ach
roup?
a
D
d
I
e
angry,ross,nnoyed
surprised,hocked,
mazed
glad. leased,
u l
frustratrng
relaxrng
dull
enjoyab
boing
t if lng
stressfu
b.
The fion
this
idure
ooks sad nd
miserable.
b.
nd alkabout
how
you
elt
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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1
Which
f he ollowing
s
most
mportant
o
yourpersonal
compare
our
ist o
your
artner's.
.
health
closeamilyies
marriage
'
holrbrer
h dren
.
fr
endshtpctTeet self
mage othef
happiness?
a k
hern
n order
f
importance,
hen
.
possPss
ns
rnoney slatus
2
a. Look t he itle,he
What s he drticle
boutl
Whatds
you
expect
o read
3
b Skim
he extand heck
your uesses
ere orrect.
C.
Readheafticle
nd hoose
rom he istA-l he
one xtra
aragraphhich
ou
donot
need
o
helped
ou
with
your
nswers?
Readhe ext . hink
f ,vha
kind t ntormatn nightbemssin g.
ReFdhe
misq q
paragraphsnd
denLy
he
riaif point
r earh.
Cross ut heaneused
n the
example emembef
hete soneextrd
Match he oprc f
he
m sstng
afograph
ith he
paragraph
efore
words
he,
here,t etr)
or inking
ords efore nd
aftereach
ap.
{:heck
hat
yorir
ptiofl
tts he
gapgfammattcaly.
ReadhewholeexL nd.heck
hether makes
ense.
of heartrclend
the ol lowing:
What do
you
thf k Jnnet's
teps o
happiness
Lf
e?
'4dke ]rst
discuss
aragraph
irst nd he
1
z
if
each
ap
1-7)
thebeginning
paragrapn
use. here
wh;ch est
its
isanexample
t
in hearticle.
heres
(0i.
Which ords
paraqrapl
y0u
and
allereac 1
do noT eed
o .
gap
Lookorclues
hnppiness
quals
elievc
Shc
ctuallv
she
realisecl
think
that
1
to
Lre ninppy
rvclrologi
iie e se urlcovrr
e secrets
f tow
r-r
tl wc
dodecide
acci)rding
uch
as efeTence
These itys,
t is that
ptnicular
group
hat feel
quite
comfrrnable
nllcingpenly
about
appine'ssr a
ack
f
ir-Thry
gencraltl' that
a
snte
of
success
nd hat
wirhout uccess
earenothing,
understandhat heherself admadeifediflicult sshe
begano slowly
chieveonlentmffrt
when
her altitudewaschangLng.
hebegan
o
in a
particularr'ay,ot emmple,
ever
she
was wronq becausc
hat would
usstillseem
rended
o
admitting
undoubtedlv
ake erseem
eak
nd
ulnerable.t he 1
same
imeshe
riticiscdenielf ndlexly,
enainhat he
did not
dr:serveuccess
ndbappiness.
The urning
point n berLfewas -hen he
knowledgehe
gainedhrough ersiudies
llowed er o face
p to the
fact hat t
was, n facl,
possible
o actually
et
rid of
doubts nd earn o bemore ontentedithyourseifnd
1.our
ife.Thishelped
er o change
any spectsf
her
Iife ncludingeroutlook,
er elatioftsithothers
nd
thechoiceshe
made.
to change
hings,on'ever,
''e
hn egin
it
journey
hat oflly
we cafl mapout.
Ve can,howevef,
[o
Janet,
eam rom other
people.WtLathe
understood
rom her rese'ilrch
us
that
although
eople
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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A
Chrnge,f
course.
ringsnccrrrnw;rndni-cnatnq
can reateear,
Most f us rave
endencyo stay
ith
wharwe know ather
han
choosing
change ndso,asa result,
r'e
continueo
:ne
w.ts,
lt
one
pofilli
I oeltntre
pessrmtsl.
that f voue.mectedittle
n ile hen
cu
would eahle
roavoid isapnuuitment,ortunateh,n he1970she
m
cameo hc ealisationhat f she ontinueclhinking
thatwa1.
hen
ow ould he ver ehapp,v?
Janet
erself.ms
ad o dealwith hosemomr:ntsf
both appiressndunhappiness
nherownpersonal
life.
She
admits o not beingable ri actr.rallyelp
people
o be happy,
ut stresseshat f
lrou
prevent
nhappinesshen
ou
have
good
lranc
heing contcntedndividual.
In rhinking ndworrying bout
what
ln
dre
past
nd anxiously
lanning
he uture,we can
shut urselvesff romthepossihleappinessfn'hat
the aspect f surprise nds
ahead.
\s a result,
pleasure
an e ost.
In suppofl f theseindingshe
quoteshe
ancienr
Grcck
philosopher
picletus
rlto
said, "lt is not
things
n
themselvcshat rouble s.butoul opinion
of those hings,"
t is not whathappenso us n life
bur hewayweview r that
actualli,eaclso hxppiness
orunhappiness.
any orm
of
beunhappy
She elieved
changing
er
outlook
of
happiness
B
C
can
eof
has apprncd
E
F k srcmshal
peop'e
ou'adays
re norcwLJIing
o trv o
rcacr ifterently
o
Life elenls..lancis a fineexrmple
of
thisandhas lon{yound hat
hzs ror.rght
eracertain mount
G In the
past, coplea-elv
iscussed
fierher
hev
were
happy r
nor ndkept
he:r eelingso rhemselvesack
rhen. here
q'as
absolutelvo advice o be had
anrwhere.
'hereas orvadairlraguine flicles
lving
advice
n
ho$'to
spend ur ime n the
punuit
oI oral
contentmentombard s from all sides t
would
appearhat niappincsssnow
gcnerally
nacreptable,
especial.lyhcrehe
(
nger
eneradon
sconcemed.
II Shewould,hower.er,
ike to advise
eople
chat
happiness
s not a
goal
but radleran emotiona]
responseo whateverappensnd hrt t is
perfectly
naturalo eel
ad I ti es. n order o
helphappiness
developntl
grow,
heres a needo see umehes
being cceptablco those round sand hatn'eare
indecd aluable embers
f societv.
I(hat s more,
earing nhappiness.any
eople
hil
to recognisehat hereare osseshal we cannever
get
ol'ercompletely,
ven hough be
paio
might
Bet
lesswith
time,Unhappinesss a completely
ational
fesDa)nseo certainosscs.
th*t haopenn ife and hose
ameransla.tionsill make
usdecide owwe
to
do about t. Jt
happenso us. but w can
translatehatbappenso us.
5
Sheadmitshatshewould
ike o
be
able o bring
hat
samc
evel of
contentmcnto others,Although t is
something
e each eed
o do for ourselres,s ongas
35
n'e eallywant
1osucceed.
hebeliel'es ewill beable o
bringaboutchange.
ln
giving
unher
adtice, he says
har
f
1'ou
aln'ays
criticise ourself
nrl
emandoomuch flaurself hen
simply
top
doingt andbemote fa
friend oyourselfl
Focus
n fhe
prc$cflt
nd
,hat s
going
n around.vou
right now.
7
Genenlly pefing, she
recomrnends
iving
for
now,
desenet,
ro do
to
S
In
pairs,
iscuss
he ollowing
uestions-
.
What
do
you
do o cheer
ourself
p?
.
Are
you
anopt
m st or a
pessirnist?
ive xamples.
Vocabulary
a. Explainhe
wordsnboldn he
ext.
b.
I,Jnderline
l headjectives
hich escribe
feelings.an
ou
hink
f a synonym
oreach
one?What
re henounselated0 them?
Adjective: appy-loyFrtl
Abstract
noun.happiness
Text
Analysis
takenrom he ext nd xplain
In
your
wnworos.
P actice
often
in ife.
q
can have
simi.lar
differentdeas nd
upbringings, hey
responseso cvents
hal'e
very
3
5o.we crea.tenr own ndivrrluillranrlfltion$f rhings
feelabour
n
is
not always
erent nd
what
we
neeel
possible
o change har
alwavs hange ow
*'e
0
40
Look t he
phrases
theunderlined
arts
4
2
3
1
. rnagaztne
nces..bombard5 uom l sdes
(paragraph
)
.
a owedher
1s_lasc_ p_ p_[hC_[egLihd
after
gap
)
...
we thenbeqil
a ioLrne\1hat ollly vcdAn tnI
o-U1
(aftr
gap
3)
50, we cTeatouf o1,\'n
rndrvrdualranslationsf
thrrrqs (aftr ap4)
Discussion
discuss
5
In
parrs,
maKes.
three
f he
ma
n
points
l"e
writer
giving ourself
ittle
eward,otbecause
ou
but
becauset is a
ple sant,
posirivehing
encouragc
ositii,e
hinking.
8/9/2019 Upstream Up Sb
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I
uooOs nd
Emotions
a. Look t h ist
of adjectives
positive/negative?
b. When o
you
usuallyeel ike hatT
Discuss.
1
below.Which re
,{ \
A:
B:
1
2
.
depresedshssduf
generous
stressed
.
frustrated6l1n
glad
rsl61qfl
yoyful
.
aqgressive.
appy.
onelywosipfl anqry
.
nervous.ad excited
furiousshv
tense
. lary. ptrmi5t,c.roudtenible.unny
b, Rewritehe ollowingentencessmanyimes
as
ou
an sing
he
adjectives
n he ist
o
replacehewordsn bold.
Jacks n a
good/bad
mood oday.
Maria eelsfiseeling
ad/happyoday.
a.
Matchhe eelingso the
physiral
ensations,
5
thenmakeenten(es,
s n heexample.
D
E
tr
tr
T
I
tr
b. ln
pairs,
se erbvphrasesrom boveo
talk
about
he
imes
ou
xperience
imilareelings.
Wheno
you
read omething?
Onschootays,d,ead okingp
n
hsm6rniag.
Physicalensations
angry
frightened
excited
nungry
strEssed
nervouS
I was oangryry oce fi rcd,
butterflies
n
hestomach
hean
ound
ng
swealy
arms
rush
f adrenaline
stomachumbling
red ace
A:
B:
1
Youmust epleased,
You musthavebeen
scaTe0.
You ook
angry-
The
oodwas
bad
She eernsappy ith
herexamesults.
s+rah eemed
pset
the
box
which
on't
go
Themusir
relaxing.
I wasvery
pleased/pleasing
hat
yo,-r
ecidedo
JOrn
s.
The childrenwere
very
depressed/deptssin
when
he ield
ripwas
ancelled
I findhorrorilrns
uite
enified/terrifying.
in that lestaurant as
quite
relaxed/
2
4
A: I alwavseel trased henhave
o
ake
n
exam.What
aboutyw?
B: lfeelstessed
henao o hedenthft.
listen o five
people
alking bout iffelent
situations.atch ach
peakerith he
way
hey
feel,
He's reading
visitrom
is
cousrn.
He ookrngorwardc his iiend
comlnq.
He lnds tudent
ife ascinating
He
misses
is
riend.
He lkes avlngriendsordinner.
Speaker
Speaker
Speaker
Speaker
Speeker
I
r*t."r" Adjectives
In
pairs,
se he adjectives
short xdanges.
from he ist o actout
.
furious. verjoyedexhausted.elighted
appalli