United Kingdom,London

Mr. Greaser11-30-10

London’s location and Geographic features

London is located in England in the country of Europe and is the Capital of the United Kingdom.

London is approximately 607 sq miles and is also the capital of England.

London’s the largest metropolitan area in the UK and the largest urban zone in the European union.

London lies south east of England on the Thames River.The Thames river is a floodplain surrounded by gently

rolling hills.Central London is flat or low-rising. In the north a ridge capped by sands of the Bagshot

Formation forms high grounds. Minor hills are developed in various gravel terrace

deposits of the Thames River.

London’s climate and weather London’s climate is temperate marine with an average

temperature of 51 degrees F. Summers are warm with a high of 73 degrees F. July is the

hottest month. Winters are chilly, but rarely freezing. January is the coldest

month with a temperature of 41 degrees F. January 1795 London hit a record low of -6 Degrees F. Snow is uncommon because the heat of the urban area can

make London up to 5 degrees warmer. London has a very light precipitation London has to watch its rainfall because the Thames river is

very vulnerable to flooding.

London’s Demographics

Population= 7,556,900 Population Density = 11,760 inhabitants per sq. mi. With increasing industrialization London’s population has

grown rapidly in the 19th and 20th century. Before the second world war London’s population peaked at

approximately 8 million people. London is ranked 4th in the world in number of billionaires. London's very diverse and includes religions such as- Muslim,

Hindu, Jewish, Sikh, Buddhist, Pagan, and its most important Christian.

The 2001 census shows that 27.1 % of London’s population were born outside the UK.

More than 300 spoken languages in it’s boundaries

London’s Economy GDP= $669 billion. GDP per capita= $44,401 in Euros. London is the center of business, finance, politics, culture,

and style. London generates approximately 20% of the UK’s GDP. London has 480 oversea banks and 32 boroughs. 325,000 people are employed in financial services in London. London’s prime in industry is tourism and finance.

London’s History

London becomes a

town.London starts

growing.

London’s economy declines.

London struck by Great Fire.

London’s regrowth.

1st Century 5th century14th century – 16th century 17th century 19th century

The Romans founded London and selected Westminster as their center of government. They named it “Londinium” meaning “river too wide too ford” after the Thames River.

London became abandoned. Later the Anglo- Saxons started to settle into London.

London is struck by “black death” the plague. Killing over 75,000 lives. London then went through a series of conquests until Elizabeth I brought London to a level of great wealth, power, and influence.

September 2nd, 1666 The Great Fire struck London. The Great fire didn’t take many lives, but destroyed 80% of London’s property. 13,000 houses and 89 churches.

During the 19th century London begins extradinary growth. London becomes one of the worlds most visited city.

London’s Government London has a city wide and local government. Mayor of London- has executive powers. London Assembly-

accepts or rejects the mayors proposals. Current Mayor is Boris Johnson. The local authorities are responsible for – local planning,

schools, social services, local roads, and waste management. London has the Metropolitan Police force, the City of

London Police, and the British transport police (handle policing on the underground.)

London is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom.

London’s crime rate is 9.5 per every 1000 people. In 2009 in London crimes include

-148 homicides -3,295 Gun related crimes -12,611 Knife related crimes -33,463 Robberies

London’s Education Centers

London has 43 universities and 5 major medical schools. London has 97,150 international students. The University College London (UCL) is ranked 4th in the

world. Universities of London are divided into federal university of

London and other universities. Education is only required for children ages 5 to 16. In 2013 it will be required for children ages 17 and 18 years

old to also attend school before moving on to further education.

University College London

Kings collegeLondon

University of London

Imperial CollegeLondon

London’s Forms of Transportation

Quickest way to get around London is the Underground aka “The Tube”

London’s Underground is the oldest underground railway in the world.

London’s most famous icon, “The Double-Decker Bus” London has over 17,000 bus stops, 800 buses, 700 bus

routes, and 6 million passengers every weekend. London also has Taxies which are paid by the meter. Car travel is rare in the city, but common in suburbs. Many people ride cycles around the city because they are

cheap and easier to get around in. London also has 5 major airports.

London’s Airports

London Stansted Airport- 30mi north east of London

(Single runway & center for low-priced & commuter airlines)

London Heathrow Airport- 15mi west of central London (One of the worlds busiest

airports)

London City Airport- borough of Newham in East London (primarily serves the

London financial district)

London Gatwick Airport- 28mi south of London

(Serves the most routes in Europe)

London Luton Airport- 35mi north

of London

London’s Monuments,Landmarks, & Architecture

Tower of London- fortress on the Thames River. The London Eye- 443 ft tall, worlds largest observation wheel. Big Ben- One of the worlds largest 4 faced clocks. The Jewel Tower- 1 or 2 surviving sections of the medieval

royal palace of Westminster. 4 world heritage sites- The Tower of London, the Royal Baltic

Gardens, The Palace of Westminster, & St. Margaret’s church. London’s architecture is too diverse to label in one style, but it

ranges from very old to modern. Most older buildings in London are made of mainly yellow

brick, and some Portland stone.

London’s Entertainment, Sports, & Tourism

Popular tourist sites include- The British Museum, Tower of London, London Eye, Big Ben, Shakespeare globe theater, Sherlock Holmes Museum, and the jewel tower.

Parks- Hyde, St. James, Kensington, The Green Park Tourists can get a “London Pass” which allows entrance to

55 of the most popular tourist sites plus discounts. London is the most visited city in the world. In 2012 London will be the first city to host the summer

Olympics 3 times. London has over 40 Theaters The London zoo is the world’s oldest scientific zoo. London has 15 million international visitors per year.

BIBLIOGRAHPY•Ackroyd, Peter (2001), London: The Biography, London: Vintage, p. 880, ISBN 0099422581 •Aubin, Robert Arnold (February 2008), "London in flames, London in glory: poems on the fire and rebuilding of London", The London Plan Spatial Development Strategy for Greater London Consolidated with Alterations since 2004 (Rutgers University Press on's Concerts" /> London's two muthor), http://www.london.gov.uk/thelondonplan/docs/londonplan08.pdf

•Miles, Barry (2010), London Calling, Atlantic Books, ISBN 9781843546139 •Mills, David (2001), Dictionary of London Place Names, Oxford Paperbacks, ISBN 978-0192801067, OCLC 45406491 •Noorthouk, J (1773), A New History of London, Centre for Metropolitan History, http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=332