Unit Testing with JavaScript

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Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно

Unit Testing with JavaScript

QUnit, Jasmine and JsUnit

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Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Table of Contents

What is Unit Testing? Code and Test vs. Test Driven Development

Unit testing Frameworks JsUnit, QUnit, Jasmine

Unit Testing Best Practices
































What is Unit Testing?































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Unit Test – Definition

A unit test is a piece of code written by a developer that exercises a very small, specific area of functionality of the code being tested.

“Program testing can be used to show the presence of bugs, but never to show their absence!”

Edsger Dijkstra, [1972]































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Manual Testing

You have already done unit testing Manually, by hand

Manual tests are less efficient Not structured Not repeatable Not on all your code Not easy to do as it should be

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Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Unit Test – Example

function sum(numbers){ var sum = 0; for (var i=0; i<numbers.length; i++) sum += array[i]; return sum;}

void testSum(){ if (sum([1,2]) != 3) throw new Error("1+2 != 3"); if (sum([-2]) != -2) throw new Error("-2 != -2"); if (sum([]) != 0) throw new Error("0 != 0");}
































Unit Testing – Some Facts

Tests are specific pieces of code In most cases unit tests are written by developers, not by QA engineers

Unit tests are released into the code repository (TFS / SVN / Git) along with the code they test

Unit testing framework is needed QUnit, Jasmine, JsUnit

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Unit Testing – More Facts

All objects should be tested All methods should be tested

Trivial code may be omitted E.g. property getters and setters

Private methods can be omitted Some gurus recommend to never test

private methods this can be debatable

Ideally all unit tests should pass before check-in into the source control repository 8































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Why Unit Tests?

Unit tests dramatically decrease the number of defects in the code

Unit tests improve design Unit tests are good documentation Unit tests reduce the cost of change

Unit tests allow refactoring Unit tests decrease the defect-injection rate due to refactoring / changes

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Unit Testing in JavaScript

































There are too many frameworks for unit testing for JavaScript QUnit

Developed to test jQuery Later introduced as а separate

framework JsUnit

Come from the *Unit family (JUnit, NUnit, etc…)

Stopped from development Jasmine

Uses behavior-driven development
































JasmineOverview































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Jasmine

Jasmine is a behavior-driven development framework for testing JavaScript Independent framework, no need

for DOM or any other framework Can test both Client and Server

JavaScript Node.js and stuff

Source code and documentation can be found at http://jasmine.github.io/

http://jasmine.github.io/

http://jasmine.github.io/































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Jasmine Use

To use Jasmine: Create an HTML page Load its JavaScript and CSS files Setup Jasmine Write your specs































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Setting up Jasmine

Since Jasmine can run in the console, it should be set up to work with HTML page Just copy and paste the following:(function() { var jasmineEnv = jasmine.getEnv(); jasmineEnv.updateInterval = 1000; var htmlReporter = new jasmine.HtmlReporter(); jasmineEnv.addReporter(htmlReporter); jasmineEnv.specFilter = function(spec) { return htmlReporter.specFilter(spec); }; var currentWindowOnload = window.onload; window.onload = function() { if (currentWindowOnload) { currentWindowOnload();} execJasmine(); }; function execJasmine() { jasmineEnv.execute(); } })();
































Setting up JasmineLive Demo
































Jasmine Test Suites and Specs































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Jasmine Test Suites

A test suite is a block that tests some behavior Contains a set of tests for this

behavior Done by calling a function describe

Describe has two parameters: A string, containing the test suite

title A function, implementing the test

suite tests

describe("Test Suite Title", function() { it("Spec Title", function() { expect(true).toBe(true); });});































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Jasmine Specs

A spec is the actual test Done by invoking a function it Has two parameters

Spec title Spec body, containing the test

function sum(a, b) {}describe("Sum", function() { it("When 2 and 3, should return 5", function() { var actual = sum (2, 3); var expected = 5; expect(actual).toBe(expected); });});
































Jasmine Test Suites and Specs

Live Demo
































Jasmine Expectationsand Matchers































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Jasmine Expectations

A Jasmine expectation is an assert It checks for the value of an

operation A Matcher is a function that is called

on an expectation and checks for the value of the operationexpect(actual).toBe(expected); //compares with ===expect(actual).toEqaul(expected); //compares with ==expect(actual).not.toBe(expected); //compares with !==expect(actual).toBeTruthy(); //whether it is TRUEexpect(actual).toBeFalsy(); //whether it is TRUEexpect(actual).toBeNull();expect(actual).toBeLessThan(expected);expect(actual).toThrow()
































Jasmine Expectationsand Matchers

Live Demo
































Setup and Teardown































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Setup and Teardown

Jasmine has callbacks to execute before and after each spec Done by using functions beforeEach

and afterEach Both take just a callback handler to

be executeddescribe(…, function(){ beforeEach(function(){ … }); afterEach(function(){ … });});
































Nested Test Suites































Николай Костов - блог за програмиранеC# курс, програмиране, безплатно Nested Test Suites

Test Suites can be nested in on another describe in describe, in describe,

etc… Each of them can contain specsdescribe("Snake", function(){ //consume Snake behavior describe("init", function(){ //test init behavior }); describe("move", function(){ //test move behavior }); describe("consume", function(){ //test consume behavior });});
































Nested Test SuitesLive Demo
































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Unit Testing with JavaScript