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UNIT SEVENTEEN:  THE CONTEMPORARY ERA

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Cubism

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Georges Braque

(1882-1963)

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Georges Braque

Man with a Guitar[Ceret, summer 1911]Oil on canvas45 3/4 x 31 7/8 in. (116.2 x 80.9 cm.)The Museum of Modern Art, New York

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Georges Braque

Woman with a GuitarSorgues, autumn 1913Oil and charcoal on canvas51 1/4 x 28 3/4 in. (130 x 73 cm.)Musee National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris

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Georges Braque

Fruit Dish, Ace of Clubs[Paris, early 1913]Oil, gouache, and charcoal on canvas31 7/8 x 23 5/8 in. (81 x 60 cm.)Musee National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris

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Georges Braque

Fruitdish and GlassSeptember 1912Pasted papers and charcoal on paperPrivate collection

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Georges Braque

Still Life on a Table: "Gillette."[Paris, early 1914]Charcoal, pasted paper, and gouache18 7/8 x 24 3/8 in. (48 x 62 cm.)Musee National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris

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Pablo Picasso

(1881-1973)

“Everyone wants to understand art. Why don’t we try to understand the song of a bird? Why do we love the night, the flowers, everything around us, without trying to understand them? But in the case of a painting, people think they have to understand. If only they would realize above all that an artist works of necessity, that he himself is only an insignificant part of the world, and that no more importance should be attached to him than to plenty of other things which please us in the world, though we can’t explain them people who try to explain pictures are usually barking up the wrong tree.”

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The Blue and Rose periods 1901-1906

11Pablo Picasso. A Spanish Couple in front of an Inn. 1900. Pastel on cardboard. Private collection.

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Pablo Picasso. Woman with Chignon. 1901. Oil on canvas. Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

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Pablo Picasso.

Death of Casagemas. 1901. Oil on wood. Musée Picasso, Paris, France.

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Pablo Picasso.

Self-portrait in Blue Period. 1901. Oil on canvas.

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Pablo Picasso.

The Absinthe Drinker. 1901. Oil on canvas. The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Pablo Picasso.

The Visit (Two Sisters). 1902. Oil on canvas pasted on panel. The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Pablo Picasso.

The Tragedy. 1903. Oil on wood. The National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, USA. 

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Pablo Picasso.

Old Beggar with a Boy. 1903. Oil on canvas. The Pushkin Museum of Fine Art, Moscow, Russia. 

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Pablo Picasso.

In 'Lapin Agile' or Harlequin with a Glass. 1905. Oil on canvas. Private collection.

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Pablo Picasso.

Acrobat on a Ball. 1905 Oil on canvas. The Pushkin Museum of Fine Art, Moscow, Russia. 

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Pablo Picasso.

The Family of Saltimbanques. 1905. Oil on canvas. The National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, USA. 

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Pablo Picasso.

Lady with a Fan. 1905. Oil on canvas. The National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, USA.

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Pablo Picasso.

Portrait of Gertrude Stein. 1906. Oil on canvas. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA.

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Cubism 1907-1917

“Cubism is no different from any other school of painting. The same principles and the same elements are common to all. The fact that for a long time cubism has not been understood and that even today there are people who cannot see anything in it, means nothing. I do not read English, and an English book is a blank to me. This does not mean that the English language does not exist, and why should I blame anyone but myself if I cannot understand what I know nothing about?” Picasso.

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Pablo Picasso.

Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. 1907. Oil on canvas. The Museum of Modern Arts, New York, NY, USA. 

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Pablo Picasso.

Woman Seated. 1908. Oil on canvas. The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Pablo Picasso.

Bottle of Pernod (Table in a Café). 1912. Oil on canvas. The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia.

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Pablo Picasso. Still-Life with Chair Caning. 1911/12. Collage of oil, oilcloth, and pasted paper simulating chair caning on canvas. Musée Picasso, Paris, France.

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Pablo Picasso.

Violin and Guitar. 1913. Oil on canvas. The Hermitage, St. Petersburg, Russia. 

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Pablo Picasso.

Harlequin. 1915. Oil on canvas. The Museum of Modern Arts, New York, NY, USA.

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Between Two Wars 1917-1936

Classicism and Surrealism

“Of all these things – hunger, misery, being misunderstood by the public – fame is by far the worst. This is how God chastises the artist. It is sad. It is true.” Picasso

“I keep doing my best not to lose sight of nature. I want to aim at similarity, a profound similarity which is more real than reality, thus becoming surrealist.” Picasso

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Pablo Picasso.

The Lovers. 1923. Oil on canvas. The National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC, USA

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Pablo Picasso.

Mother and Child. 1921-22. Oil on canvas. The Alex L. Hillman Family Foundation, New York, NY, USA.

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Pablo Picasso.

Three Musicians. 1921. Oil on canvas. The Museum of Modern Arts, New York, NY, USA

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Pablo Picasso.

The Pipes of Pan. 1923. Oil on canvas. Musée Picasso, Paris, France.

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Pablo Picasso.

The Seated Harlequin. 1923. Oil on canvas. Kunstmuseum Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 

Pablo Picasso, The Seated Harlequin

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Pablo Picasso.

Nude and Still-life. 1931. Oil on canvas. 

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Pablo Picasso.

Girl Before a Mirror. 1932. Oil on canvas. The Museum of Modern Arts, New York, NY, USA.

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Pablo Picasso.

Woman with a Flower. 1932. Oil on canvas. Galerie Beyeler, Basle, Switzerland. 

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Wartime Experience 1937-1945

“Guernica, the oldest town of the Basque provinces and the center of their cultural traditions, was almost completely destroyed by the rebels in an air attack yesterday afternoon. The bombing of the undefended town far behind the front line took exactly three quarters of an hour. During this time and without interruption a group of German aircraft – Junker and Heinkel bombers as well as Heinkel fighters – dropped bombs weighing up to 500 kilogrammes on the town. At the same time low-flying fighter planes fired machine-guns at the inhabitants who had taken refuge in the fields. The whole of Guernica was in flames in a very short time.” The Times, April 27, 1937.

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Pablo Picasso. Guernica. 1937. Oil on canvas. Museo del Prado, Madrid, Spain. 

Pablo Picasso, Guernica

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Pablo Picasso.

A Woman in Tears. 1937. Oil on canvas. Musée Picasso, Paris, France.

Pablo Picasso, A Woman in Tears

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After WWII. The Late Works. 1946-1973.

“The different styles I have been using in my art must not be seen as an evolution, or as steps towards an unknown ideal of painting. Everything I have ever made was made for the present and with the hope that it will always remain in the present. I have never had time for the idea of searching. Whenever I have wanted to express something, I have done so without thinking of the past or the future. I have never made radically different experiments. Whenever I have wanted to say something, I have said it in such a way as I believed I had to. Different themes inevitably require different methods of expression. This does not imply either evolution or progress, but it is a matter of following the idea one wants to express and the way in which one wants to express it.”  Picasso.    

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Pablo Picasso.

The Studio of "La Californie" at Cannes. 1956. Oil on canvas. Musée Picasso, Paris, France.

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Pablo Picasso.

Lunch on the Grass. Oil on canvas.

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Juan Gris

b. Mar. 13, 1887, d. May 11, 1927

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Gris, The Open Window; Oil on canvas, 65 x 100 cm (25 5/8 x 39 3/8 in); M. Meyer Collection, Zurich

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Gris, The Pot of Geraniums, 1915; Oil on canvas, 81 x 60 cm (31 7/8 x 23 5/8 in)

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Piet Mondrian

(1872-1944)

Piet Mondrian

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Piet Mondrian

Composition with Oval in Color Planes II, 1914, oil on canvas, Haags Gemeentemuseum, The Hague.

51Piet Mondrian, Still Life with Gingerpot II, 1912, oil on canvas, Haags Gemeentemuseum, The Hague.

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Piet Mondrian, Self Portrait, 1918, oil on canvas, Haags Gemeentemuseum, The Hague

53Piet Mondrian, Lozenge Composition with Red, Gray, Blue, Yellow, and Black,

1924-25, oil on canvas, National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.

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Piet Mondrian, Victory Boogie Woogie, unfinished, 1942-43, oil and paper on canvas,

private collection.

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Marc Chagall (1887-1985)

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Marc Chagall, I and the Village, 1911, oil on canvas.

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Marc Chagall, Jew at Prayer,

1912-13.

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Marc Chagall

Fiddler on the Roof, 1923-24, oil on canvas, The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York.

59Marc Chagall, The Flying Carriage, 1913.

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Marc Chagall, The Birthday, 1915, oil on canvas.

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Marc Chagall, Cemetery Gates, 1917, oil on canvas, private collection.

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Marc Chagall, The Praying Jew, 1923, oil on canvas, The Art Institute of Chicago.

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Marc Chagall, Exodus, 1952-66.

64Marc Chagall, The Falling Angel, 1923-47, oil on canvas, Kunstmuseum, Basel.

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Marc Chagall, The Three Candles, 1938-40, oil on canvas, private collection.

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Marc Chagall, Madonna of the Village, 1938-42, oil on canvas, Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection,

Lugano.

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Kandinskii, Blue

Mountain of (1908)

Beginnings: "Mother Moscow" 1866-1896.

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Wassily Kandinsky

(1866-1944)

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Kandinskii, Improvisation 31 (Sea Battle)  1913Oil on canvas145 x 119.7cm (57 x 47 in)National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.

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Kandinsky

Flood Improvisation,

1913, oil on canvas, Lenbachhaus, Munich.

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Kandinsky

Riding Couple,

1906-07, oil on canvas, Lenbachhaus, Munich

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Kandinsky

Interior (My Dining Room),

1909, oil on cardboard, Lenbachhaus, Munich

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Kandinsky

Church in Marnau,

1910, oil on cardboard, Lenbachhaus, Munich.

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Kandinsky

Yellow-Red-Blue,

1925, oil on canvas, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou

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Kandinsky, WassilyAutumn in Bavaria 1908; Oil on cardboard, 33x45cm; Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris

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Kandinsky, Wassily Black Spot I

1912 (200 Kb); Oil on canvas, 100 x 130 cm; The Hermitage, St. Petersburg

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Jackson Pollock(1912-56). American painter, the commanding figure of the Abstract

Expressionist movement.

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Jackson Pollock

Number 28

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Jackson Pollock

Male and Female

1942 (240 Kb); Oil on canvas,

73 1/4 x 49 in;

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Jackson PollockBlue (Moby Dick)

c. 1943 (150 Kb); Gouache and ink on composition board, 18 3/4 x 23 7/8 in; Ohara Museum of Art, Kurashiki

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Jackson PollockThe She-Wolf

1943 (230 Kb); Oil, gouache, and plaster on canvas, 41 7/8 x 67 in; The

Museum of Modern Art, New York

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Salvador Dali 1904 - 1989

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Salvador Dali

View of Cadaques with Shadow of Mount Pani(1917)

Oil on canvas

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Salvador Dali The Tartan ,1919

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Salvador DaliView of Portdogue (Port Alguer, Cadaques)

(1920)Oil on canvas

17 3/4 x 20 inches

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Salvador Dali

Self-Portrait (Figueres)(1921)

Oil on canvas

14 1/2 x 16 1/2 inches

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Salvador Dali Pierrot Playing the Guitar, 1925

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Salvador Dali Still Life with Moonight, 1925

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Salvador Dali Inagural Gooseflesh, 1928

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Salvador Dali The Persistence of Memory -1931- - oil on canvas -- 24 x 33 cm -- The Museum of Modern Art, New York -

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Salvador Dali Invisible Sleeping Woman, 1930

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Salvador Dali Vertigo, 1930

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Salvador Dali Archaeological Reminiscence of Millet's Angelus,

1935

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Salvador Dali Swans Reflecting Elephants, 1937

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Salvador Dali The Burning Giraffe, 1937

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Salvador Dali Metamorphosis of Narcissus, 1937

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Salvador Dali Apparition of Face and Fruit Dish on a Beach, 1938

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Salvador Dali The Enigma of Hitler, 1939

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Salvador Dali The Madonna of Port Lligat 1949

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Salvador Dali Christ of Saint John of the Cross, 1951

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Salvador Dali The Sacred Heart of Jesus1962

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Salvador Dali

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Joan Miro(1893-1983)

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Joan Miro

Carnival of Harlequin

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Joan MiroNocturne

1940Tempera, gouache, egg, oil, and pastel on paper

38 x 46 cm Private collection

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Joan Miro

Dawn Perfumed by a Shower of Gold

1954Watercolor and plaster on composition board

42 1/2 x 21 5/8 in. (108 x 54.9 cm.)

San Francisco Museum

of Modern Art

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Joan Miro

Old Shoe

108

Paul Klee (1879-1940)

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Paul KleeRemembrance of a Garden

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Paul KleeTwittering Machine

(Die Zwitschermaschine)1922

Watercolor and pen and ink on transfer drawing on paper mounted on cardboard64.1 x 48.3 cm (25 1/4 x 19 in.) Museum of Modern Art, New York

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Paul Klee

Dream City

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Marcel Duchamp[French-born American Dadaist/Surrealist

Conceptual Artist, 1887-1968]

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Marcel Duchamp

Apropos of Little Sister,

October 1911. Oil on canvas, 28 3/4 x 23 5/8 inches. Solomon

R. Guggenheim Museum

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Marcel Duchamp,

Nude Descending a Staircase 1912

Oil on canvas146 x 89 cm

Philadelphia Museum of Art

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Marcel Duchamp

Study for Chess Players,

late 1911. India ink and watercolor on lined wove paper, 8 3/8 x 7 1/4 inches. Solomon

R. Guggenheim Museum

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Marcel DuchampTransition of Virgin into a Bride/Le Passage de la Vierge à la Mariée. 1912. Canvas 59 x 53.5 cm. The Museum of Modern Arts, New York, NY

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Marcel DuchampReproduction of L.H.O.O.Q. 1919. from Box in a Valise. Readymade: pencil on a reproduction of the Mona Lisa. 19.7 x 12.4 cm. The Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia

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Marcel Duchamp

119

René Magritte(1898-1967)

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René Magritte

The Difficult Crossing, 1926, oil on canvas, Jean Krebs Collection, Brussels.

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René Magritte. La Fin des contemplations. 1927. Oil on canvas with metallic pins. 72.8 x 99.8 cm. Private collection.

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René Magritte Intermission.

1927/28. Oil on canvas.

114.3 x 161 cm.

Private collection

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René MagritteThe Voice of the Winds. 1928. Oil on canvas. 73 x 54 cm.

Private collection

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René MagritteThe Lovers. 1928. Oil on canvas. 54.2 x 73 cm. Private collection

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René Magritte

The Human Condition, 1935, oil on canvas, Simon Spierer Collection, Geneva.

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René Magritte,

La Durée Poignardée, 1939

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René Magritte

Homesickness, 1940, oil on canvas, Galerie Isy Brachot, Brussels.

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René Magritte. The Cicerone. 1947. Oil on canvas. 54 x 65 cm. Private collection

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René Magritte

Personal Values, 1951-52, oil on canvas, private collection, New York

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René Magritte

Gonconda. 1953. Oil on canvas. 81 x 100 cm. The Menil Collection, Houston, TX,

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René MagritteThe Empire of Lights. 1954. Oil on canvas. 146 x 113.7 cm. Musée Royaux des Beaux-Arts, Brussels, Belgium.

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René Magritte. Hegel's Holiday. 1958. Oil on canvas. 61 x 50 cm. Private collection

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René Magritte

The Great War, 1964, oil on canvas, private collection.

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René MagritteThe Son of Man, 1964

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René Magritte

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René Magritte