UNIT 3THE BAROQUE ERA

---ORAL PRODUCTION “BAROQUE CHARACTERISTICS”--

Work in groups of two. Take a look of these pictures:

dresswig

carriage

decoration

a piece of furniture

a)Compare your opinions and talk about your conclusions.

b)At the end, both of you should explain your conclusions to the rest of the class.

-In our opinion……. -We think that….. -We aren’t sure, but….

useful

ornamentated easy

---COPY IN YOUR NOTEBOOK “GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS”---

1.General Characteristics.

Name from Portuguese barocco 1600-1750 Very ornamentated Style

Opera and Ochestra were born Aristocracy power

Johan Sebastian Bach

---ORAL PRODUCTION “BAROQUE MUSIC CHARACTERISTICS”--

Work in groups of two. Read one of these characteristics and talk your mates about it.

1-Baroque music sounds “modern” but Renaissance music sounds “ancient”

2-The Contrast is the most important.Movement: fast - slow

Dynamics: loud - quietCharacter: powerful - delicate

Instruments: wind - stringGroup: soloist - orchestra

3-Rhythm with a regular beat and repetitive.

THE BAROQUE ERA

4-Melody was no long and was very ornamentated.

5-Texture: polyphonic and melody with accompany.

6-Instrumental and profane are the favourite kinds of music.

7-Orchestra was born based on string instruments. The organ was very popular in Baroque music.

8-Opera was born

---COPY IN YOUR NOTEBOOK “music CHARACTERISTICS”---

2.Main characteristics of the music

Baroque art is exagerated and luxurious because they want to show their power. Every music production is spectacular and ornamentated.

1-Baroque music sounds “modern” but Renaissance music sounds “ancient”

2-The Contrast is the most important.Movement: fast - slow

Dynamics: loud - quietCharacter: powerful - delicate

Instruments: wind - stringGroup: soloist - orchestra

3-Rhythm with a regular beat and repetitive.

4-Melody was no long and was very ornamentated.

5-Texture: polyphonic and melody with accompany.

6-Instrumental and profane are the favourite kinds of music.

7-Orchestra was born based on string instruments. The organ was very popular in Baroque music.

8-Opera was born

Auditory exemples:

1:Adagio de Albinoni. 2:Canon de Pachelbel. 3:Te deum de Charpentier.

---reading and ORAL PRODUCTION “BAROQUE versus classicism”---

Work with your partner.

Here are some sentences which describe features of BAROQUE music and CLASSICAL music.

Think on them and organize them into two groups (the “BAROQUE” and the “CLASSICAL”)

-Music used simple melodies-Music used ornamented melodic parts – this means that the melody was not simple but“decorated” with many notes

-Music followed clear and balanced structures-Music was performed by an orchestra based on string instruments

-The symphony orchestra includes new instruments such as clarinets and bassoons-There is a lot of contrast in dynamics throughout the musical pieces

-The organ was very popular-The character of the music is the same throughout the piece

-Opera was born-Changes in dynamics happened suddenly throughout the pieces

-Changes in dynamics happened gradually throughout the musical pieces

-The main composers were Vivaldi, Handel and Bach-The main composers were Mozart and Beethoven

-Music used basso continuo texture (a melodic part with an accompaniment of chords played by a keyboard instrument)-There is a new instrument – the harpsichord – which provides the harmonies

We think that in the Baroque era…. We have decided that in the Baroque era …

We are sure that in the Baroque age ….

---COPY IN YOUR NOTEBOOK “vocal music”---

3.Vocal music.

Religion and Profane people used Vocal music for showing POWERFUL.

Big shows were born:

Profane: Ópera

Religious: Oratorio, Cantata and The Passion

a)Opera. It is a concert with a story, costumes, dances, songs and music. The first opera appeared in 1600 and was called Dafne.

Due to its great success in 1637, the first public concert hall appeared: it was an opera theatre in Venice, Italy.Opera composers:

Cavalli, J.B. Lully, H.Purcell, A.Vivaldi, Haendel, Pergolesi

b)Oratorio, Cantata and The Passion are religious themed operas which are performed in Cathedrals and theatres.

Religious vocal composers: Johan Sebastian Bach.

---reading and ORAL PRODUCTION “what is a castratti?”---

Read and comment in groups of two. Then we are going to discuss about this subject.

In Europe, when women were not permitted to sing in church or cathedral choirs in the Roman Catholic Church, boys might be castrated.

-The castration made their voices breaked at puberty and then they developed a special high voice.

-In the baroque and classical music eras these singers were highly appreciated.

-Castrati were famous and popular, for exemple Farinelli, Senesino, Carestini, and Caffarelli. Joseph Haydn was almost castrated.

-The most famous musician in Spain in the Baroque was Farinelli, an Italian singer.

The last castrato was Alessandro Moreschi (1858–1922) who served in the Sistine Chapel Choir.

Auditions: Stabat Mater Pergolesi – Cantata Jesus bleibet

---COPY IN YOUR NOTEBOOK “instrumental music”---

4. Instrumental Music.

It is a type of music that for the first time in history had the same importance as sung music. In this era the modern instrument families (wood, string….) were born, as well as the orchestra.

Everything is due to big Luthiers who appeared and made good quality instruments, the most famous of which are Antonio Stradivarius and Andrea Guarneri.

New musical forms also appeared, above all those led by instruments, such as: Concertos, Sonatas and Suites.

Concerto: one instrument against the orchestra.

Sonata: two melodies mixed

Suite: the most important dances mixed.

Activities1.In your own words, define Baroque.

2.Match the right explanation.

Renaissance It sounds ancient

Baroque It sounds modern

3.¿How are the melodies in the Baroque era?

4.Definition of Luthier.

5.Where did they dance?