Unit 2 Ecology Slide 2 Big Idea What do living things need in
order to do all the things that make them alive? Living things need
to obtain & use energy in order to do work! Bioenergetics the
study of the energy flow & transformations among living things
Ecology the study of how living things interact with their
environment In order to get stuff like food (aka energy) Slide 3
Eat! What do we call the energy in our food? Calories Measure the
amount of energy stored in your food Where is the energy stored in
your food? In the molecules that are bonded together to make that
food. chemical energy Called chemical energy! Slide 4 When you
break a bond You release energy! Decomposition When you make a bond
You store energy! Synthesis Slide 5 Basically 2 ways living things
get this energy Heterotroph Obtain energy from other living things.
AKA EAT Cellular Respiration Autotroph Use surrounding to make
their own food! Plants photosynthesis Bacteria
chemosynthesischemosynthesis Slide 6 Would a deer come running out
of the woods and try to eat you? Why? Organisms have certain roles!
Autotrophs producers Heterotrophs consumers Special Case
Decomposers (consume dead matter) Bacteria, fungi, worms, vultures
Recycle important nutrients back into soil for producers such as
plants to use again Slide 7 If you eat plants (herbivore) you are a
primary (1 o ) consumer If you eat herbivores (carnivore) you are a
secondary consumer (2 o ) If you eat 2 o consumers then you are a.
Trophic Levels Slide 8 Slide 9 Food Web More Realistic than chain
Display the flow of energy through an ecosystem Arrow points in the
directions the energy is traveling! Ecosystem all the living &
nonliving things in an area All Living Things Biotic Factors All
Non Living Things Abiotic Factors Slide 10 The Re-Introduction of
Wolves Go to page 95 in your textbook & read The Wolf Effect
Then Use the food web on the handout, and answer question 1. Slide
11 The mouse population would most likely increase if what
happened? What would cause the mouse population to decrease? Using
this information, why do you think we have such an overpopulation
of deer in New Jersey? Slide 12 More Vocab Habitat places where
particular organisms live Niche - organisms role in its environment
Niche - Slide 13 Organization/Levels of Nature Biomes Slide 14 Laws
of Thermodynamics Study of Energy Changes 1 st Law energy cannot be
created or destroyed, but it can change forms. Law of conservation
of energy Slide 15 What does the 1 st law mean for living things?
Living things can not create their own energy, they must obtain it
from their environment! Amount of usable, available energy is
always decreasing in an ecosystem because it is being turned into
other forms of unusable energy (heat). Relate to food web/food
pyramid need more autotrophs to support a smaller number of
heterotrophs Why it looks like a pyramid! Slide 16 2 nd Law
entropy! Systems tend to change in a way that increases disorder or
entropy! What does this mean for living things? Organisms must be
well organized to remain alive & grow! Use energy to fight
against entropy to maintain homeostasis! Slide 17 Energy terms
& calculations! Biomass dry weight of all organic matter
contained within a trophic level (grams/kg) Energy stored in
biomass is transferred from 1 level to another (only about 10%)
What happens to the rest of it? Lost as heat energy or other
unusable form Slide 18 Put this information all together! Using
what you have just learned, why cant trophic levels go on forever
(4,5,6 level consumers)? Why is there a one way flow of energy in
ecosystems? Where does the energy at the bottom always have to come
from?
