UNIT-1 Casting Process

8/10/2019 UNIT-1 Casting Process

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Introduction

Ma$u&a"tur'$( 's a %ro"ess o& "o$-ert'$( raw mater'as '$to +$'shed %rodu"t*

It '$"udes des'($ a$d ma$u&a"tur'$( o& (oods us'$( -ar'ous %rodu"t'o$methods a$d te"h$'ues* The abo-e +(ure 'ustrates the ma$u&a"tur'$(%ro"ess* E-er %rodu"t reu'res mater'a &rom wh'"h the %rodu"t 's made a$daso reu'res a method to "o$-ert raw mater'a '$to the des'red %rodu"t* e$eed ma"h'$es to "o$-ert the mater'as to (et des're sha%e a$d s'e* To"o$-ert the raw mater'a '$to the %rodu"t us'$( ma"h'$e a$d methods wereu're me$ to o%erate the ma"h'$es a$d to a%% the methods* Mo$e 'sthe esse$t'a '$%ut reu'red &or %ur"has'$( raw mater'as) ma"h'$es a$d ma$%ower*

C%a!!i&cation o' (anu'acturin) *roc!!.

a* Cast'$(b* orm'$("* Ma"h'$'$(d* o'$'$(

a. Casting:I$ Cast'$( %ro"ess) the mote$ meta 's %oured '$to a moud "a-'t a$d 'saowed to so'd'& a&ter so'd'+"at'o$) the "ast'$( 's remo-ed &rom the mouda$d "ea$ed) +$a ma"h'$ed to the reu'red sha%e a$d s'e a$d '$s%e"tedbe&ore use* The are &urther "ass'+ed '$to 2 t%es

#* Ex%a$dabe moud2* 7erma$e$t moud

1. E+*anda,% (ou%dHere) the moud 's %re%ared &rom sa$d) %aster or a$ other s'm'ar mater'awh'"h "a$ break eas' to remo-e the so'd'+ed %art) '$ other words a $ewmoud has to be %re%ared &or ea"h $ew "ast'$(* E(* 8ree$ sa$d) dr sa$d)%aster) et"*-. Pr(annt (ou%dHere) the moud 's &abr'"ated out o& stee a$d "a$ be used re%eated to%rodu"e ma$ "ast'$(s* E(* 8ra-'t d'e "ast'$() "o$t'$uous "ast'$() %ressure

d'e "ast'$() "e$tr'&u(a "ast'$(*

b. FormingI$ &orm'$( %ro"ess) the des'red sha%e a$d s'e are obta'$ed throu(h the%ast'" de&ormat'o$ o& mater'a* The t%e o& oad'$( ma be te$s'e)"om%ress'-e) shear'$( or "omb'$at'o$ o& these oads) u$'ke ma"h'$'$(te"h$'ue* I$ th's %ro"ess $o mater'a 's remo-ed a$d wasted u$der th's*1. Hot or/in)

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I$ th's %ro"ess de&ormat'o$ o& meta takes %a"e abo-e 'ts re"rsta'sat'o$tem%erature* E(* or('$() ro'$() extrus'o$) et"*

-. Co%d or/in)I$ th's %ro"ess de&ormat'o$ o& meta takes %a"e beow 'ts re"rsta'sat'o$

tem%erature* E(* 9e$d'$() w're draw'$() et"*c. Machining processThe %ro"ess o& remo-'$( the u$wa$ted mater'a &rom a ('-e$ work %'e"e to('-e 't to a reu'red sha%e a$d s'e 's k$ow$ as ma"h'$'$(* The u$wa$tedmater'a 's remo-ed '$ the &orm o& "h'%s &rom the ba$k mater'a b a hardertoo) so as to obta'$ a +$a des'red sha%e*

1. Traditiona% or con"ntiona% (ac$inI$ th's %ro"ess a "utt'$( too 's used to remo-e ex"ess mater'a &rom thework %'e"e* The too 's r'('d mou$ted o$ the ma"h'$e* E(* Tur$'$() m''$()dr''$() (r'$d'$() et"*

-. Non0Traditiona% or non0con"ntiona% (ac$inI$ th's %ro"ess) a aer o& ee"tro$ beam) "hem'"a eros'o$) ee"tr'" d's"har(ea$d ee"tro "hem'"a e$er( 's used '$stead o& trad't'o$a "utt'$( too*d. JoiningI$ th's %ro"ess) two or more %'e"es are o'$ed to(ether to %rodu"e thereu'red sha%e a$d s'e o& the %rodu"t* The o'$t "a$ be e'ther %erma$e$t ortem%orar*1. Pr(annt ointI$ th's o'$'$() 't "a$ be do$e b %our'$( metas to(ether '*e* wed'$() (aswed'$() et"*-. T(*orar2 oint

I$ th's) 't "a$ be do$e b $uts) bots) s"rews) adhes'-e ;(um< bo$d'$()soder'$() bra'$() et"*

Sc$(atic r*r!ntation o' t$ c%a!!i&cation o' (anu'acturin)*roc!!.

E+*anda,% (ou%d a* Sa$d "ast'$( ;(ree$ sa$d)dr sa$dtraso$'" ma"h'$'$(d* ater et ma"h'$'$(e* Ee"tro d's"har(e&* Ee"tro "hem'"a

d< 3OINING Pr(annt a* ed'$(3oinin) b* 8as wed'$(

"* r'"t'o$T(*orar2 a* Soder'$(3oinin) b* 9ra'$(

"* Adhes'-e bo$d'$(S%ction o' a *roc!! 'or *roduction

See"t'o$ o& a %art'"uar %ro"ess &or ma$u&a"tur'$( to %rodu"e a ('-e$"om%o$e$t de%e$ds o$ se-era &a"tors* Some o& the 'm%orta$t &a"tors to be"o$s'dered are:

#* Sha%e to be %rodu"ed2* ?ua$t't to be %rodu"ed3* T%e o& mater'a4* Sur&a"e +$'sh a$d d'me$s'o$a toera$"e5* Te"h$'"a -'ab''t o& the %ro"ess6* E"o$om'" "o$s'derat'o$

1. S$a* to , *roducdThe sha%e o& the "om%o$e$t %a"e a -er 'm%orta$t roe '$ see"t'o$ o& the%ro"ess '& the sha%e 's s'm%e 't "a$ be ma"h'$ed &rom raw mater'a or 't "a$be &or(ed or extruded howe-er) whe$ the sha%e 's h'(h "om%ex a$d'$tr'"ate) "ast'$( 's best su'ted*

-. 4uantit2 to , *roducd

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The ua$t't reu'red 's aso a$ 'm%orta$t &a"tor &or sma ua$t't'es* Cast'$(ma $ot be reu'red or e"o$om'"a) wh'e &or ar(e ua$t't'es 't 's best su'ted*

5. T2* o' (atria%The t%e o& mater'a a$d 'ts %ro%ert'es su"h as du"t'e) hard$ess) tou(h$ess)

br'tte$ess) are the "o$tr'but'$( &a"tor* .er hard mater'as "a$ $ot bema"h'$ed eas'* 9r'tte mater'as "a$ $ot be me"ha$'"a worked*

6. Sur'ac &ni!$ and di(n!iona% to%rancThe sur&a"e +$'sh a$d d'me$s'o$a toera$"e 'm'ts the see"t'o$ o& %ro"ess"o$s'derab* E(* Commer"'a sa$d "ast'$( %ro"esses "a$ $ot be used &orh'(h de(ree o& sur&a"e +$'sh a$d toera$"e are reu'red) '& the are used*Ma"h'$'$( ma be"ome ma$dator otherw'se o$e has to use d'e "ast'$( or'$-estme$t "ast'$( to o-er"ome th's %robem* S'm'ar hot work'$( ma $ot('-e (ood sur&a"e +$'sh a$d d'me$s'o$a toera$"e* It shoud be de+$'te be

&oowed b "od work'$( +$'sh'$( o%erat'o$*

7. 4ua%it2 and *ro*rt2 r8uir(ntA de&e"t &ree %rodu"t w'th a s%e"'+" %ro%ert'es ser-es 'ts %ur%ose &or o$('&e* 7ro%ert'es o& "ast mater'as are (e$era used whe$ "om%are to that o&me"ha$'"a worked mater'as) aso "ast'$(s ('-es a ot o& de&e"ts) he$"e a%ro"ess that ('-es better %ro%ert a$d ua$t't shoud be see"ted*

#. Tc$nica% "ia,i%it2 o' t$ *roc!!The %ro"ess see"ted must be te"h$'"a -'abe '*e* we shoud be '$ a%os't'o$ to ma$u&a"ture the "om%o$e$ts us'$( th's %ro"ess w'thout mu"h

d'@"ut*

9. Econo(ic con!idrationCustomers o&te$ dema$ds &or %rodu"t w'th more &eatures a$d %er&orma$"eat redu"ed %r'"e) he$"e a ow "ast %rodu"t'o$ %ro"ess shoud be see"ted)but at the same t'me see that $o "om%rom'se 's made '$ terms o& quality*

Introduction to ca!tin)

I$ th's %ro"ess) "om%o$e$ts are %rodu"ed b %our'$( mote$ meta '$to a

"o$toured "a-'t &oowed b "oo'$( to a so'd mass*1.The "od so'd mass re%rese$ts the "o$+(urat'o$ o& the "a-'t a$d 's the

reu'red sha%e o& the "om%o$e$t*-.The "om%o$e$ts thus %rodu"ed are "aed as ca!tin)*5.The "a-'t "om%ou$ds to sha%e o& the "om%o$e$t 's "aed (ou%d.6.The moud "a$ be made o& re&ra"tor mater'a or meta*7.The moud made out o& re&ra"tor mater'a 's "aed !and (ou%d! a$d

that o& made out o& meta 's "aed (ta% (ou%d! or di!.

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#. Coo'$( o& 'u'd meta to so'd meta 's termed as *$a!tran!'or(ation* The %a"e where th's a"t'-'t 's "arr'ed out 's re&erred toas 'oundr2.

9. I$ short) "ast'$( %ro"ess '$-o-es sha%'$( o& the meta b us'$( a moud"a-'t a$d hot meta*

. I$ th's %ro"ess) the +$a sha%e 's rea'ed w'thout us'$( a$ otherme"ha$'sm u$'ke '$ other %ro"esses) ex"e%t the "o$-ers'o$ o& 'u'dmeta to so'd meta*

St*! in"o%"d in (a/in) a ca!tin)#* 7atter$2* Moud %re%arat'o$3* Core mak'$(4* Met'$( a$d %our'$(5* Cea$'$( a$d I$s%e"t'o$

1. PattrnA %atter$ 's a re%'"a o& the obe"t 's to be "ast* It 's used to %re%are a "a-'t'$to wh'"h the mote$ meta 's %oured* A sk'ed %atter$ maker %re%ares the%atter$ us'$( wood) meta) %ast'" or a$ other mater'a* Ma$ &a"tors 'kedurab''t) aowa$"e &or shr'$ka(e a$d ma"h'$'$() et"*) are "o$s'dered whe$mak'$( a %atter$*

-. Mou%d *r*arationIt '$-o-es &or mak'$( a "a-'t b %a"k'$( sa$d arou$d a %atter$ e$"osed '$a su%%ort'$( meta'" &rame* he$ the %atter$ 's remo-ed &rom the moud a$exa"t sha%ed "a-'t rema'$s '$to wh'"h the mote$ meta 's %oured* 8at'$(

a$d r'ser'$( are %ro-'ded at su'tabe o"at'o$s '$ the moud*

5. Cor (a/in)I$ some "ases a hoe or a "a-'t 's reu'red '$ the "ast'$(* Th's 's obta'$ed b%a"'$( a "ore '$ the moud "a-'t* The sha%e o& the "ore "orres%o$ds to thesha%e o& the hoe reu'red* The moud 's "ea$ed , +$'shed be&oremeta %our'$(*

6. M%tin) and *ourin)Metas or aos o& the reu'red "om%os't'o$ are meted '$ a &ur$a"e a$d%oured '$ to the moud "a-'t* Ma$ &a"tors 'ke tem%erature o& mote$

meta) %our'$( t'me) turbue$"e) et" shoud be "o$s'dered wh'e mak'$( ,%our'$(*

7. C%anin) and In!*ctionA&ter the mote$ meta 's so'd'+ed a$d "ooed) the rou(h "ast'$( 's remo-ed&rom the moud) "ea$ed a$d dressed ;remo-'$( "ores) adhered sa$d%art'"es) (at'$() r'ser'$( sstem) +$s) b'sters) et" &rom the "ast'$( sur&a"esed to %rodu"e ar(e $umber o& "ast'$(s* Has o$(er '&e* It 's d'@"ut

to re%a'r* 9'((er s'ed %atter$s "a$$ot be made us'$( th's*

"< @a+G Is a ow met'$( %o'$t mater'a* Im%arts (ood sur&a"e to the

moud* Ca$ be re"o-ered a$d used a(a'$ a$d a(a'$* >sed '$

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11/23

'$-estme$t "ast'$( moud'$(* A "omb'$at'o$ o& %ara@$) wax) bees

wax) et"* 's used &or mak'$( the %atter$*

d< P%a!tic!G 7ast'" mater'a 's a "om%rom'se betwee$ wood a$d meta*

Thermosett'$( res'$s 'ke %he$o'" res'$) e%ox res'$) &oam %ast'" et"*

are used as mater'as &or mak'$( %atter$* It 's stro$( a$d '(ht '$

we'(ht* oest $ot absorb mo'sture dur'$( 'ts use a$d stora(e* 8'-es

(ood sur&a"e +$'sh to "ast'$(s* Th'$ se"t'o$s are d'@"ut to "ast us'$(

%ast'"s* I$'t'a %ast'" %atter$s ha-e to be "ast a$d +$'shed to

des'red sha%e a$d s'e* Th's eads to the '$"rease '$ "ost o& the +$a

"ast %rodu"t*

e< P%a!tr G 8%sum or %aster o& %ar's 's a$other %atter$ mater'a

"a%abe o& %rodu"'$( '$tr'"ate "ast'$(s to "ose d'me$s'o$a toera$"es*

The are stro$() '(ht '$ we'(ht) eas' sha%ed) ('-es (ood sur&a"e

+$'sh* Howe-er) the used &or sma "ast'$(s o$* 7aster read' m'xes

w'th water a$d whe$ aowed sets a$d be"omes hard* 1orma %aster

's used &or %rodu"'$( master d'es a$d mouds*

Pattrn a%%oanc!:

7atter$ has the same sha%e as that o& the "ast'$( but the d'me$s'o$s w' be

(e$era more tha$ that o& the "ast'$(* Th's extra d'me$s'o$ &rom the

reu'red -aue) ('-e$ o$ the %atter$ 's "aed as allowances. These

aowa$"es $eed to be ('-e$ o$ the %atter$ due to metaur('"a a$d

me"ha$'"a reaso$s* The d'ere$t t%es o& aowa$"es are

a< Shr'$ka(e aowa$"e

b< ra&t aowa$"e

"< Ma"h'$'$( aowa$"e

d< S"ae , 8r'$d'$( aowa$"e

e< 'stort'o$ aowa$"e

a< S$rin/a) a%%oanc: A metas a$d aos u$der(o de"rease '$

-oume whe$ "ooed &rom 'u'd tem%erature to room tem%erature*

Th's "ha$(e '$ -oume o& meta or ao 's "aed as shrinage* '(*

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12/23

# shows the -ar'at'o$ o& shr'$ka(e as a &u$"t'o$ o& tem%erature* As the

mote$ meta 's "ooed &rom 'ts su%erheat tem%erature) the -oume

starts de"reas'$( "o$t'$uous t' 't rea"hes room tem%erature* Th's 's

a $atura %he$ome$o$* Shr'$ka(e o& meta or ao takes %a"e '$ three

sta(es -'* 'u'd to 'u'd) 'u'd to so'd a$d so'd to so'd* The +rst two

are take$ "are o& b %ro-'d'$( r'sers '$ the "ast'$(s* The ast o$e 's

take$ "are o& b %ro-'d'$( shr'$ka(e aowa$"e o$ the %atter$* Th's 's

aso re&erred to as %atter$ shr'$ka(e aowa$"e* The -aue o& th's

de%e$ds o$ the $ature o& the meta or ao* Th's aowa$"e whe$ ('-e$

o$ to the %atter$) w' '$"rease 'ts s'e* 7atter$ makers s"ae 's

a-a'abe to &a"''tate eas a$d d're"t measureme$t* 7atter$ shr'$ka(e

&or some metas are:

E+. Cast stee 3B5 mm %er #00mm e$(th

Aum'$'um 3B4 mm %er #00mm e$(th

Cast 'ro$ 2B3 mm %er #00mm e$(th

b< =ra't a%%oanc:It 's the aowa$"e ('-e$ to the -ert'"a sur&a"e o&

the %atter$ to &a"''tate eas remo-a o& the %atter$ &rom the moud

"a-'t) w'thout "aus'$( a$ dama(e to the moud* Th's aowa$"e

de%e$ds o$ the t%e o& moud'$(* '(* 2 a$d 2a) 2b , 2" shows the

method o& dra&t aowa$"e ('-e$ '$ %atter$s* ama(e 's "aused to the

-ert'"a %atter$ %ort'o$s o& the mod) whe$ there 's $o dra&t* He$"e b

#2


13/23

('-'$( ta%er or dra&t o$ the -ert'"a %ort'o$s o& the %atter$ there 's $o

dama(e "aused to the moud whe$ the %atter$ 's '&ted u%wards*

"< Mac$inin) a%%oanc:Most o& the "ast'$(s w' ha-e more tha$ o$e

sur&a"e that $eeds ma"h'$'$(* The d'me$s'o$s (et redu"ed a&ter

ma"h'$'$(* He$"e) the s'e o& the %atter$ 's made ar(er tha$ reu'red*

ur'$( ma"h'$'$() th's extra mater'a o$ the "ast'$( 's remo-ed* Th's

aowa$"e de%e$ds o$ the $ature o& the meta a$d the d'me$s'o$s o&

the "ast'$(s* T%'"a ma"h'$'$( aowa$"es are:

E+. Cast Iro$ #B#0 mm

Cast stee 50#2 mm

Aum'$'um 1.5B4*5 mm

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14/23

Aos 1.5B4*5 mm

9rass) 9ro$e) et" 1.5B5 mm

d< Sca% ? Grindin) a%%oanc: Most o& the "ast'$(s u$der(o heat

treatme$t a$d due to h'(her tem%eratures s"aes are &ormed o$ the

sur&a"e* Th's $eeds to be remo-ed b (r'$d'$( o%erat'o$* I$ add't'o$)

somet'mes sur&a"e rou(h$ess or 'm%er&e"t'o$ $eeds to be remo-ed b

(r'$d'$( o%erat'o$* He$"e) the s'e o& the "ast'$( 's made s'(ht

b'((er tha$ the reu'red to a""ommodate th's* The ma($'tude o& th's

extra aowa$"e 's 0*2 B3 mm*

e< =i!tortion a%%oanc:Cast'$( ha-'$( sha%es su"h as C) > a$d ar(e

%ate) oose the'r sha%es dur'$( so'd'+"at'o$* The oss o& sha%e 's

re&erred to as distortion* Th's 's due to the shr'$ka(e stresses %rese$t

dur'$( so'd'+"at'o$* To take "are o& th's) the %atter$ 's ('-e$ a$

aowa$"e '$ the d're"t'o$ o%%os'te to the ex%e"ted d'stort'o$* Th's 's

re&erred to as distortion allowance. More or ex%er'e$"e 's esse$t'a 's

add't'o$ to the des'($ k$owed(e '$ arr'-'$( to th's aowa$"e* '(* 3

shows the d'stort'o$ aowa$"e*

#4


15/23

C%a!!i&cation o' *attrn!: 7atter$s are o& -ar'ous t%es* 9ut the see"t'o$

o& a %art'"uar t%e o& %atter$ de%e$ds u%o$ the t%e o& moud'$( %ro"ess

em%oed) sha%e a$d s'e o& the "ast'$( reu'red* Some o& the "ommo$

sued %atter$s are d's"ussed beow*

a< Sin)% *ic *attrn: S'$(e %'e"e %atter$ aso "aed Jso'd %atter$

's the s'm%est t%e made '$ o$e %'e"e w'thout a$ o'$ts or oose

%'e"es* >sed &or s'm%e sha%e a$d ar(e s'e "ast'$(s* It "a$ be madeeas'* '(* 4 shows the s'$(e %'e"e %atter$*

b< S*%it *attrn: Co$s'sts o& %atter$ '$ two ha-es o'$ed b a %'$* It 's

used to %re%are mouds us'$( ha$d* It 's used %o%uar '$ ha$d

moud'$(* The s%'t "a$ be at two or more %a$es* The s%'t '$ the

%atter$ &a"''tates eas moud'$(* '(* 5 shows the s%'t %atter$*

#5


16/23

"< Loo! *ic *attrn: 7atter$ "o$s'sts o& a ma'$ bod to wh'"h sma

%roe"t'o$ %'e"es are atta"hed* These %'e"es "a$ be remo-ed &rom the

moud a&ter remo-'$( the ma'$ bod* Th's t%e o& %atter$ 's used to (et

u$der"ut %ort'o$s '$ the "ast'$(s* '(* 6 shows the oose %'e"e %atter$*

d< Co* ? =ra) *attrn:It 's bas'"a a two %art %atter$ ;s%'t t%e


17/23

&or th's %ur%ose* A ma"h'$e 's used &or mak'$( the mouds* More

$umber o& "ast'$(s "a$ be %rodu"ed %er moud* S'e o& the "ast'$( 's

sma* '( D shows the (atted %atter$*

&< Matc$ *%at *attrn: Th's "o$s'sts o& two %arts o& the %atter$

mou$ted o$ e'ther sur&a"es o& a meta %ate* It 's bas'"a a s%'t

%atter$* The two %arts are %er&e"t a'($ed* It 's used '$ a moud'$(

ma"h'$e* 9oth "o%e a$d dra( boxes are made '$ the same ma"h'$e

o$e a&ter the other* he$ the two boxes are "osed) the des'red moud

's obta'$ed* '(* F shows the mat"h %ate %atter$*

#


18/23

(< Fo%%o ,oard *attrn: he$ the sha%e o& the %atter$ 's su"h that 't

"a$$ot be hed stabe '$ 'ts %os't'o$) a woode$ board "o$&orm'$( to the

"o$tour o& the %atter$ 's used to rest the same '$ "orre"t %os't'o$ a$d

moud'$( 's "arr'ed out* Su"h a %atter$ wh'"h $eeds a &oow board 's

re&erred to as &oow board %atter$* oow board hods the %atter$ t'

the moud'$( 's o-er* E-e$ &or moud'$( th'$ se"t'o$s &oow board 'sused* '(* #0 shows the &oow board %atter$*

#D


19/23

h< S/%ton *attrn: It "o$s'sts o& a $umber o& woode$ %'e"es

assembed to(ether to &orm the des'red sha%e* The assemb

resembes a skeeto$* The skeeto$ %ort'o$ 's the$ "o-ered w'th th'$

boards* Th's t%e o& arra$(eme$t 's used &or hea- a$d b'( "ast'$(s

a$d the $umbers reu'red 's o$ a &ew* Mater'a sa-'$( &or the %atter$

's a"h'e-ed a$d the "ost o& %atter$ 's redu"ed* >sed &or s'm%e sha%es*

Ex* ater %'%e be$ds) &rames) "a-e bod'es "a$ be "ast* '(* ## shows

the Skeeto$ %atter$*

'< S* *attrn: Makes use o& a th'$ board o& wood "o$&orm'$( to the

outer "o$tour o& the "ast'$(* It 's used whe$ the "ast'$( has a sur&a"e

o& re-out'o$ "o$tour su"h as "'$dr'"a) be sha%e) et"* Ca$ be used

&or sma or b'( "ast'$(s a$d the $umber o& "ast'$(s 's $ot a %robem*

Sa-es %atter$ mater'a* It 's eas to ha$de a$d store* It "a$ be used

&or mak'$( "ores* '(* #2 shows the swee% %atter$*

#F


20/23

< Pu%% u* *attrn: Here o$e &ourth o& the "om%ete %ort'o$ o& the%atter$ 's used to %re%are the moud* The reu'red "o$tour 's "ut o$the %atter$ a$d the e$t're moud "a-'t 's %re%ared b th's* hee t%e"'r"uar "ast'$(s su"h as (ear whee) s%ro"ket whee et"* are %rodu"edb th's %atter$* =eu'reme$t o& %atter$ mater'a 's redu"ed* 1ormaused &or ar(e s'ed "ast'$(s* '(* #3 shows the %u u% %atter$*

20


21/23

Pattrn co%our cod: or eas re"o($'t'o$ o& d'ere$t %ort'o$s o& the%atter$) sta$dard "oour "odes ha-e bee$ re"omme$ded &or the +$'shedwoode$ %atter$* The sta$dard "oour "ode ado%ted b the Amer'"a$ ou$drme$s So"'et ;AS< 's be'$( used a o-er the word* Ea"h "oour "o$-eshow the "ast'$(s w' be*

S*

1o*

Coour Cast'$( %os't'o$

# 9a"k Cast'$( sur&a"e to be e&t u$+$'shed2 =ed Sur&a"e o& "ast'$( to be ma"h'$ed3 =ed str'%es o$ eow

ba"k(rou$d

!oose %'e"es , seats

4 Keow Core %r'$ts a$d seats &or oose "ore %r'$ts5 'a(o$a ba"k str'%es

o$ a eow base

Sto% os ;%ort'o$s o& a %atter$ that &orm a "a-'t

wh'"h are +ed w'th sa$d be&ore %our'$(


22/23


23/23

Its add't'o$ ra$(es &rom 2BDO b we'(ht o& sa$d*

E$ha$"es %ee'$( %ro%ert o& "ast'$(s*

Im%ro-es sur&a"e +$'sh o& "ast'$(s

7re-e$ts sa$d bur$ out*

, Si%ica F%our

It 's %u-er'ed s''"a added '$ ra$(es o& 5B#0O based o$ sa$d

we'(ht*

=es'sts meta %e$etrat'o$ '$ the moud was*

Im%ro-es sur&a"e +$'sh*

c @ood F%our C%%u%o! (atria%

It 's a %u-er'ed so&t wood ;+brous mater'a

Documents

UNIT-1 Casting Process