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Understanding Northern Europe
What countries are considered part of Northern Europe?
• United Kingdom– (England)– (Scotland)– (Wales)– (Northern Ireland)
• Ireland• Denmark• Norway• Sweden• Finland• Iceland
Nordic Countries
Nordic Countries
• A group of seafaring warriors from Sweden, Norway and Denmark terrorized Europe beginning around 795.
• Denmark, Sweden and Norway each became a kingdom in the 900’s but no Nordic country ever became a major empire.
Iceland’s nickname
• Land of Fire and Ice– Volcanoes and ice
found in Iceland
Nordic Government
• Most Nordic countries have a constitutional monarchy government
• Denmark, Norway, and Sweden have constitutional monarchy
• Iceland has constitutional republic
• Finland has a republic
Nordic Countries
• What do Nordic countries have in common with Switzerland?– Winter sports– Neutrality
Land of the Midnight Sun
• During the summer, the sun shines for 24 hours a day in the Northern Regions
Fjords
• From Glaciers
• Found in Nordic countries
• A narrow inlet of the sea
British Isles
Ireland
Northern Ireland
Wales
Scotland
England
Great Britain
• Great Britain built an empire that strongly affected the rest of the world.
• They first set out to control their neighbors – Wales, Ireland and Scotland.
• In 1801, the nation became known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
England
Great Britain
(Britain)United
KingdomBritish Isles
England England England England
Scotland Scotland Scotland
Wales Wales Wales
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Ireland
• Britain drew on its geographic advantages to grow in strength.
• Being an island helped protect Britain and helped them to develop a strong navy.
• Drawing on its economic and naval strength, Great Britain built a global empire.
• A popular saying declared, “The sun never sets on the British Empire.”
• As a result, the English language and British culture spread worldwide.
Queen Elizabeth IIQueen since 1952
In line for the throne…1st – Prince Charles
2nd – Prince William
Buckingham Palace has been the home to the royal family of England since 1837. It also serves as the administrative headquarters for the monarchy. The people that work here ensure that the queen’s day to day activities run smoothly. Also in attendance at Buckingham Palace are the many tourists, and guests that are invited for ceremonies, etc. During the summer, the Changing of the Guard ceremony occurs every day at 11:30am. The palace is over 300 years old.
Buckingham Palace
Palace of Westminster
Big Ben
London
River Thames
The Tower Bridge
London street
London’s Famous Double-decker Busses
How can you connect the United Kingdom to mainland Europe?
A CHUNNEL
Costs
One Billion Pounds
Seven Years
15,000 Workers
Opened in 1994
The Eurostar travels 100 mph in the Chunnel
The Eurotunnel Shuttle is a
rail fairy service
The two most popular sports in the British Isles…
Rugby Soccer
Soccer (a.k.a. Football) is the source of much entertainment and athleticism in
Europe. The popularity of soccer in Europe can easily be compared to football
in the United States. Some games can draw up to 93 million viewers…topping
even the most prestigious football game in the States, the Super Bowl. Soccer players are viewed as celebrities in
Europe.
United Kingdom Notes• Great Britain established a global empire
based partly on their naval strength• “The sun never sets on the British Empire”• Government: Constitutional Monarchy
–Queen is symbolic leader–Prime Minister and Parliament (like
Congress) have real power
UK Notes, Continued• London (capital) is located on the River
Thames
• English Channel Tunnel (Chunnel) connects England to France
