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Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment History of Flight Revision 1.00

Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment History of Flight Revision 1.00

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Page 1: Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment History of Flight Revision 1.00

Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment

History of Flight

Revision 1.00

Page 2: Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment History of Flight Revision 1.00

Map Reading

Learning Outcome 1:

Have an appreciation of the history of lighter-than-air craft and the methods of control applied to

airships

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Objectives

1. Describe the evolution of manned flight from balloons

to airships.

2. Explain why balloons fly.

3. Explain how modern airships are controlled.

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History of Flight

Man takes to the Air!!Or does he?

1452 - 1519

Leonardo da Vinci

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History of Flight

Etienne Montgolfier

6 Jan 1745 – 2 Aug 1799

Joseph Montgolfier

26 Aug 1740 – 26 Jun 1810

25 April 1783

Annonay in France

Hot Air Balloon

12m diameter,

Rose 305m (1000 ft).

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History of Flight

19 September 1793King Louis XVI

not impressed,

but did offer

finance.

Montgolfier Brothers

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History of Flight

Francois Pilatre de Rozier

with Marquis d’Alandes,

9km flight.

30 Mar 1754 – 15 Jun 1785Died with

Pierre Romain

trying

to cross the

English Channel.

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History of Flight

Jacques Charles

12 Nov 1746 – 7 Apr 1823

1 Dec 1793

Flew 43 km (27 miles)

Witnessed by 400,000 people.

Hydrogen filled balloon

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History of Flight

James Tytler

1745 - 1804

First Flight on 27 Aug 1784.

30 ft diameter/40 ft high.

Filled with Hot Air.

Flew half a mile and 350 ft high.

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How do Balloons Fly?

Imagine a Balloon the size of a house!

It has ½ tonne of Helium.

It will Displace about 4 tonnes of Air.

The difference between these 2

weights is the Lifting Force.

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How do Balloons Fly?

Hot Air inside the

Balloon is

Less Dense than

the Air Outside.

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Airships

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Air Pump

Air Valves Tail Arrangements

How are Airships Controlled?

BallonetsHelium

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Airships- Ascends

Air Valves Tail Arrangements

Contract

Air Pump

Ballonets

Air released into atmosphere reducing weight and

allowing the Helium gas to expand, giving more Lift.

Helium

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Airships- Descends

Expand

Air Pump

Ballonets

Air pumped into the Ballonets adding weight and

compressing the Helium gas so that Lift is reduced.

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Airships – Problems?

Hindenberg Disaster – 6 May 1937

What was it

filled with?

Hydrogen!

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The Present

Stephane Rousson (39)

At 8 am, on 28 Sep 08, Stephane Rousson attempted to

cross the English Channel from Hythe in Kent to Wissan

in France. The attempt failed 11 miles from the

destination due to strong headwinds. He was recovered

by boat to France.

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The Future

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Objectives

1. Describe the evolution of manned flight from balloons

to airships.

2. Explain why balloons fly.

3. Explain how modern airships are controlled.

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Questions

In which year did the Montgolfier brothers first fly their

Hot Air Balloon?

a. 1673.

b. 1783.

c. 1883.

d. 1973.

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Questions

Who first flew a man-carrying Hydrogen-filled Balloon?

a. Leonardo da Vinci.

b. Montgolfier.

c. Charles.

d. De Rozier.

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Questions

What are modern Airships filled with?

a. Helium.

b. Hydrogen.

c. Butane.

d. Propane.

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Questions

An Airship rises when:

a. The Ballonets empty and the Helium gas expands.

b. The Ballonets empty and the Helium gas is compressed.

c. The Ballonets are filled with air and the Helium gas is

compressed.

d. The Ballonets are filled with air and the Helium gas

expands.

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